JP5702716B2 - 二酸化炭素の浄化 - Google Patents
二酸化炭素の浄化 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5702716B2 JP5702716B2 JP2011510559A JP2011510559A JP5702716B2 JP 5702716 B2 JP5702716 B2 JP 5702716B2 JP 2011510559 A JP2011510559 A JP 2011510559A JP 2011510559 A JP2011510559 A JP 2011510559A JP 5702716 B2 JP5702716 B2 JP 5702716B2
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- carbon dioxide
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 232
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 116
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims description 115
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 88
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims 5
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 14
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009919 sequestration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001377938 Yara Species 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000014171 carbonated beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011143 downstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011064 split stream procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
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- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
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- B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
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- B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
- B01D53/229—Integrated processes (Diffusion and at least one other process, e.g. adsorption, absorption)
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
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Description
Claims (20)
- ガス混合物から二酸化炭素を回収する方法であって、
二酸化炭素、水蒸気及び1以上の軽質ガスを含んでなるガス混合物を、少なくとも圧縮システムを含んでなる前処理システムにおいて前処理して、圧縮したガス混合物を生成し;
圧縮したガス混合物を、1以上の熱交換器おいて冷却して、冷却したガス混合物を生成し;
冷却したガス混合物を分別塔において分別して、二酸化炭素を含んでなるボトムスフラクション及び二酸化炭素及び軽質ガスを含んでなるオーバーヘッドフラクションを回収し;
オーバーヘッドフラクションを、ボトムスフラクションの一部を冷却流体として使用する熱交換器において凝縮させて、液体循環フラクション及び蒸気フラクションを生成し;
蒸気フラクションを、二酸化炭素に対して選択性の膜の上を通過させて、軽質ガスを含んでなる残留ガスから二酸化炭素透過物を分離し;
分離した二酸化炭素透過物、及び前記オーバーヘッドフラクションとの熱交換後の前記ボトムスフラクションの一部を、前記前処理システムに再循環し;及び
ボトムスフラクションの他の少なくとも一部を、精製した二酸化炭素製品ストリームとして回収する
ことを含んでなる、二酸化炭素の回収法。 - さらに、液体循環フラクションを、分別のための還流として供給することを含んでなる、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前処理が、さらに、ガス混合物を乾燥することを含んでなる、請求項1記載の方法。
- さらに、乾燥において使用した乾燥剤を再生するために、残留ガスの少なくとも一部を使用することを含んでなる、請求項3記載の方法。
- 圧縮したガス混合物中の二酸化炭素の少なくとも一部を、前記圧縮したガス混合物と、冷媒、ボトムスフラクションの少なくとも一部、及び蒸気フラクションの少なくとも一部の少なくとも1つとの間接的熱交換を介して凝縮させることを含んでなる、請求項1記載の方法。
- さらに、ボトムスフラクションの少なくとも一部を、リボイラーにおいて、圧縮したガス混合物との間接的熱交換を介して加熱し、加熱したボトムスフラクションの少なくとも一部を、リボイラー蒸気として、分別塔に戻すことを含んでなる、請求項1記載の方法。
- 圧縮したガス混合物の少なくとも一部を、間接的熱交換を介して、オーバーヘッドフラクションとの熱交換後のボトムスフラクションの一部と接触させることを含んでなる、請求項5記載の方法。
- 二酸化炭素製品ストリームが、二酸化炭素少なくとも95容量%を含むものである、請求項1載の方法。
- ガス混合物中の二酸化炭素の少なくとも90%を、二酸化炭素製品ストリームにおいて回収する、請求項8記載の方法。
- 乾燥が、ガス混合物と乾燥剤との間の少なくとも1回の接触、及び凝縮した水の圧縮したガス混合物からの分離を含んでなる、請求項3記載の方法。
- 圧縮したガス混合物が水50ppm(容量)未満を含むものである、請求項1記載の方法。
- 分別を40〜60バールの範囲の圧力で行う、請求項1記載の方法。
- 冷媒がプロパンを含んでなるものである、請求項5記載の方法。
- ガス混合物から二酸化炭素を回収する方法であって、
二酸化炭素、水蒸気及び1以上の軽質ガスを含んでなるガス混合物を、少なくとも圧縮システムを含んでなる前処理システムにおいて前処理して、圧縮したガス混合物を生成し;
圧縮したガス混合物を、少なくとも第1のストリーム、第2のストリーム及び第3のストリームに分割し;
第1のストリームを、間接的熱交換を介して、冷媒と接触させて冷却し;
第2のストリームを、間接的熱交換を介して、蒸気フラクションと接触させて冷却し;
第2のストリームとの熱交換後の前記蒸気フラクションを、二酸化炭素に対して選択性の膜の上を通過させて、軽質ガスを含んでなる残留ガスから二酸化炭素透過物を分離し;
二酸化炭素透過物の少なくとも一部を、前記前処理システムに再循環し;
第3のストリームを、間接的熱交換を介して、分別塔からのボトムスフラクションの一部と接触させて冷却し;
第3のストリームとの熱交換後の前記ボトムスフラクションを、前記前処理システムに再循環し;
冷却された第1、第2、及び第3のストリームを再度合わせて、再結合ストリームを形成し;
再結合ストリームを分別塔において分別して、二酸化炭素を含んでなるボトムスフラクション及び二酸化炭素及び軽質ガスを含んでなるオーバーヘッドフラクションを回収し;
オーバーヘッドフラクションを、ボトムスフラクションの一部を冷却流体として使用する熱交換器において凝縮させて、液体循環フラクション及び蒸気フラクションを生成し、蒸気フラクションを、前記第2のストリームとの間接的熱交換に供給し;及び
ボトムスフラクションの他の少なくとも一部を、精製した二酸化炭素製品ストリームとして回収する
ことを含んでなる、二酸化炭素の回収法。 - 二酸化炭素製品ストリームが、二酸化炭素少なくとも95容量%を含むものである、請求項14載の方法。
- ガス混合物中の二酸化炭素の少なくとも90%を、二酸化炭素製品ストリームにおいて回収する、請求項14記載の方法。
- 冷媒がプロパンを含んでなるものである、請求項14記載の方法。
- 前処理が、さらに、ガス混合物を乾燥することを含んでなる、請求項14記載の方法。
- 乾燥において使用した乾燥剤を再生するために、残留ガスの少なくとも一部を使用することを含んでなる、請求項18記載の方法。
- さらに、ボトムスフラクションの少なくとも一部を、リボイラーにおいて、圧縮したガス混合物との間接的熱交換を介して加熱し、加熱したボトムスフラクションの少なくとも一部を、リボイラー蒸気として、分別塔に戻すことを含んでなる、請求項14記載の方法。
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