JP2011173805A - Antiviral agent - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an antiviral agent, particularly an antiviral agent against an influenza virus, utilizing timber from thinning. <P>SOLUTION: The antiviral agent comprises as an effective ingredient a squeezed liquid, an extract or a distillate of a plant belonging to the genus Abies of the family Pinaceae. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an antiviral agent, and more particularly to an antiviral agent that can suppress infection of influenza viruses, particularly new influenza viruses, and is effective in preventing and treating influenza.

  Influenza is one of the viral infectious diseases caused by influenza virus infection. In particular, influenza A virus has a number of subtypes, and these are characterized by various changes accompanying antigenic changes due to genetic crossing or point mutations. The fact is that the epidemic is repeated periodically on a regular scale.

  In particular, the new influenza virus type A (H1N1 type), which has been confirmed in recent years, has become a major problem in the global epidemic because most people do not have immunity.

  Conventionally, chemotherapeutic agents such as amantadine hydrochloride, rimantadine hydrochloride, interferon, or ribavirin have been used for the treatment of influenza. However, these chemotherapeutic agents have been pointed out to have problems such as side effects, risk of emergence of resistant viruses, and loss of effects due to serotype differences. For this reason, development of an anti-influenza virus agent that has no side effects and is safe and effective for the human body is required.

  From this point of view, anti-influenza virus agents that have been studied and proposed so far include those containing tea polyphenol as an active ingredient (Patent Document 1), those containing tea saponin as an active ingredient (Patent Document 2), Examples thereof include those having a specific herbal medicine such as Koshi 婢 ichito as an active ingredient (Patent Document 3) and those having a solvent extract of bayberry as an active ingredient (Patent Document 4).

  By the way, due to lack of successors and falling timber prices, the forests are not well maintained, and their devastation is a major problem. The maintenance of this forest is mainly thinning and pruning, but if there is no economic value for the thinned wood and the branches and leaves that were dropped by pruning, and it only costs money, this kind of maintenance is neglected. It is natural to become. Therefore, in order to promote the maintenance of the forest, it has been desired to develop a processing method and a new application for converting the trees to be thinned or pruned into effective resources.

JP-A-3-101623 JP-A-11-193242 JP-A-6-199680 JP 2004-331608 A

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an antiviral agent, particularly an antiviral agent against influenza virus, using trees that are thinned and pruned.

  The inventors of the present invention have made extensive studies to achieve the above-mentioned problems, and found that extracts and distillates obtained from trees of the genus Pinaceae have excellent influenza virus infection-suppressing effects. The present invention has been completed.

  That is, the present invention is an antiviral agent comprising, as an active ingredient, a pressed solution, extract or distillate of a plant belonging to the genus Piraceae.

  Moreover, this invention is a foodstuff, feed, a pharmaceutical, a quasi-drug, or a daily necessities containing the said antiviral agent.

  Furthermore, the present invention is a virus inactivation method characterized by applying the above-mentioned antiviral agent to the air or the target surface.

  Since the antiviral agent of the present invention has an excellent anti-infection action against influenza viruses, particularly new influenza viruses, etc., it can effectively prevent the onset of influenza and can alleviate and improve the symptoms. In addition, since the antiviral agent of the present invention is extremely safe, it can be applied to daily living spaces, the surface of articles, etc. on a daily basis to effectively suppress air infection and contact infection. .

It is a figure which shows typically the structure of the microwave distillation apparatus used in order to obtain the distillate of the plant which belongs to the pine family Fir genus used as an active ingredient of the antiviral agent of this invention.

  The antiviral agent of the present invention comprises a squeezed juice, an extract or a distillate of a plant belonging to the genus Piraceae as an active ingredient.

  Examples of plants belonging to the genus Firaceae include Todomatsu, Fir, Virgin Fir, Silaviso, Greater Silvia, Silabe, Balsam Fir, White Fir, White Fir, Amabilis Fur, Aoto Domatsu, California Red Fur, Grand Fur, Noble Fur, etc. However, among these, Todomatsu is preferably used.

  As the raw material of the antiviral agent of the present invention, all or part of the plant belonging to the genus Firaceae (for example, fruit, seed, leaf, bark, rhizome, flower, etc.) is used. Of these, the leaf portion is preferably used because of the effective utilization of thinned and pruned trees and the high antiviral effect. The leaf portion may be used as it is, but is preferably used after being pulverized and crushed by a pulverizer or a crusher.

  A juice, an extract or a distillate is obtained from the whole plant or a part of the plant belonging to the genus Piraceae. Manufacture of squeezed liquid can be performed using a well-known pressing machine. The extract can also be produced according to a conventional method, but the extraction solvent is preferably a polar solvent, specifically, an alcohol solvent such as water, ethanol, methanol, butyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerin and the like. A halogen-containing solvent such as chloroform; an ether solvent such as dioxane; a carbonyl solvent such as acetone and ethyl acetate; and a mixture thereof. The distillate can be obtained by atmospheric distillation, vacuum distillation, steam distillation or the like.

  Of these, distillates are preferred, and those obtained by distillation under reduced pressure are particularly preferred. Heating may be performed by a heater, but microwave heating is preferable, and it is particularly preferable to irradiate microwaves without adding water. By irradiating microwaves, water molecules contained in plants are directly heated to generate water vapor, which acts as a mobile phase and distills volatile components in the plants. It is considered to include a vacuum distillation element depending on the boiling point of the component and a steam distillation element. Such a distillate can be obtained, for example, by using the apparatus shown in FIG. In the figure, 1 is a microwave distillation apparatus, 2 is a distillation tank, 3 is a microwave heating apparatus, 4 is a stirring splash, 5 is an airflow inflow pipe, 6 is a distillate outflow pipe, 7 is a cooling apparatus, and 8 is heating control. Device, 9 is a pressure reducing pump, 10 is a pressure regulating valve, 11 is a pressure control device, 12 is a distillation object, and 13 is a distillate.

  In this apparatus 1, a plant belonging to the genus Pinaceae, which is a raw material to be distilled 12, is placed in a distillation tank 2, and stirred with a stirring splash 4, and a microwave heating apparatus provided on the upper surface of the distillation tank 2. The microwave is radiated from 3 to heat the raw material. The distillation tank 2 communicates with the air flow inlet 5 and the distillate outflow pipe 6. The airflow inlet pipe 5 introduces an inert gas such as air or nitrogen gas into the reaction tank 2, and this airflow is introduced from the lower part of the reaction tank 2. The distillate outflow pipe 6 leads the distillate from the raw material to the outside from the upper part of the reaction tank 2.

  The temperature and pressure of the inside of the reaction tank 2 are measured by a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor (both not shown) attached to the reaction tank 2, and a heating control device 8, a pressure control device 11, and a pressure adjusting valve are measured. 10 are adjusted respectively.

  The gaseous distillate flowing out from the distillation tank 2 through the distillate outflow pipe 6 is replaced with a liquid by the cooling device 7 and obtained as a distillate 13. The distillate 13 includes an oily fraction 13a and an aqueous fraction 13b. Of these, the aqueous fraction 13b is preferably used.

  In the distillation, the pressure in the distillation tank 2 may be 10 to 95 kilopascals, preferably 15 to 60 kilopascals, more preferably 20 to 40 kilopascals. To 100 ° C. When the pressure is 10 kPa or less, the increase in the vapor pressure of the volatile components in the plant is suppressed, and the vacuum distillation component due to the boiling point of each component is the main component from the steam distillation component, and it flows out in order from the lowest boiling point. Therefore, it is not preferable in that extraction of a component having a boiling point higher than that of water is not efficiently performed. Moreover, since the temperature of a raw material becomes high at 95 kilopascals or more, it is not preferable at the point that an energy loss is large and the oxidation of a raw material will be promoted. The distillation time may be about 0.2 to 8 hours, preferably about 0.4 to 6 hours. If it is 0.2 hours or less, a large amount of unextracted components remain in the plant, and if it is 8 hours or more, the raw material becomes nearly dry, which is not preferable in that the extraction efficiency decreases.

  Furthermore, the gas introduced into the distillation tank 2 may be air, but an inert gas such as nitrogen gas, helium gas, or argon gas is preferable, and the flow rate per minute is the distillation tank 2. It may be about 0.001 to 0.1 times the capacity.

  As described above, in the aqueous fraction of the distillate obtained by heating a plant belonging to the genus Pinaceae under reduced pressure and performing distillation, 3-hexen-1-ol, 1-hexanol, Maltol, borneol, bornyl acetate, and the like may be included.

  As an active ingredient of the antiviral agent of the present invention, the juice, extract or distillate of the plant belonging to the genus Pinaceae obtained as described above can be used as it is, but if necessary, a conventional method May be further concentrated or purified. In addition, juices, extracts or distillates of the plants belonging to the genus Firaceae, or concentrates thereof may be used as they are as the antiviral agent of the present invention, but may be further combined with an appropriate solvent, for example, Water, alcohol solvents such as ethanol, isopropyl alcohol and propyl alcohol, glycol solvents such as propylene glycol and ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene alcohol monoethyl ether, 3-methoxy-3-methyl- The antiviral agent of the present invention can be prepared by dissolving the active ingredient in a solvent such as glycol ether solvent such as 1-butanol at a concentration of about 0.01 to 99% by mass. .

  The antiviral agent of the present invention thus obtained has an excellent anti-infection action against viruses and the like, and particularly as an antiviral agent against influenza virus, ingredients such as food, feed, quasi-drugs, pharmaceuticals and daily necessities As a result, the onset of influenza can be prevented, and the symptoms can be alleviated and improved. In addition, by applying to a living space or an article, it is possible to effectively prevent infection caused by contact with an article to which a virus is attached or by sucking a virus floating in the air. In particular, since it exhibits an excellent infection-suppressing action against the new influenza virus type A (H1N1 type), it is effective for the spread and prevention / treatment of the new influenza virus.

  The food of the present invention can be obtained by blending the antiviral agent with a general food material, and the feed of the present invention is also prepared by adding the antiviral agent to the composition of the feed. In addition, the pharmaceutical or quasi-drug of the present invention contains the above-mentioned antiviral agent as an active ingredient, and uses a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, etc., in accordance with conventional methods, tablets, powders, capsules, syrups, liquids, It is obtained by formulating in the form of a sublingual tablet, troche, mouthwash, nasal spray, spray or spray.

  The form or type of the food, feed, quasi-drug or pharmaceutical product of the present invention using the above-mentioned antiviral agent is not particularly limited, and can take any form or type, but can enter from the mouth or nostril. When used for the purpose of suppressing infection by the coming influenza virus, the juice, extract or distillate of the plant belonging to the genus Pinaceae used as an active ingredient is in contact with the mouth or throat mucous membrane. It is preferably used. From this point of view, the food is preferably a beverage form such as a drink, a food in a form that stays in the mouth for a long time, such as candy, troche or chewing gum, and the pharmaceutical or quasi-drug is a syrup, sublingual tablet, A troche, mouthwash, mouth freshener, gargle, mouthwash, nasal spray, throat spray, dentifrice, spray, etc. are preferred. The dose of the drug can be appropriately set according to the purpose of administration and the age and symptoms of the patient. In the case of an oral preparation, the amount of the active ingredient, for example, per day for adults belongs to the genus Firaceae What is necessary is just to set it as the quantity obtained from 1-1000 g of plants (in solid substance conversion). In the case of nasal drops and throat sprays, an amount obtained from 0.01 to 10 g (converted to solid matter) of the plant belonging to the genus Pinaceae may be applied to the nose and throat.

  In addition, the form or type of the daily necessities of the present invention using the antiviral agent is not particularly limited, and can take any form or type. Specifically, the spraying added with the antiviral agent is used. Agent, fragrance, deodorant, fragrance deodorant, additive solution to water of humidifier, soap, shampoo, bathing agent and mask impregnated with antiviral agent, gauze, bandage, towel, handkerchief, towel, Examples include tissues, wet tissues, gloves, underwear, lab coats, surgical clothes, diapers, bedding (futons, pillows, sheets, pillow covers, nightclothes) and the like.

  Among these, spraying agents, fragrances, deodorants, fragrance deodorants, and the like are preferable, and viruses floating in the space can be removed by volatilizing or spraying them in the air. The method of volatilization or spraying in the air is not particularly limited, but the method of volatilizing the antiviral agent of the present invention as it is or using an appropriate volatilization device, pump spray, aerosol, ultrasonic vibrator, pressurized liquid spray Examples include a method of vaporizing or spraying in an atomized state using an atomizing device such as a spray or a pressurized air atomizing spray device, and these methods can remove viruses from the normal living space. Is possible.

  Moreover, the virus adhering to the target surface can be removed by applying the above-mentioned spraying agent or the like to the surface of an article such as a door knob, tableware, hanging leather, or textile product by a method such as coating, spraying, or spraying.

  Plants belonging to the genus Firaceae in the form of sprays, fragrances, deodorants, etc. for the purpose of removing viruses floating in the space or viruses attached to the target surface of the article. It is preferable to use the aqueous fraction of the distillate obtained by heating under reduced pressure and performing distillation as it is as a spraying agent or the like. That is, since this fraction is an aqueous solution that does not contain a non-volatile component such as a surfactant, even when sprayed on a hard surface, it exhibits an antiviral effect without sticking to the surface or impairing the texture. In addition, even if sprayed or volatilized in the space, there is no risk of health damage due to accumulation of nonvolatile components, so safety is high. Furthermore, even if the suction vaporization type or mesh type ultrasonic atomizer is used, clogging does not occur in the suction core or mesh, so that the volatilization / spraying performance can be stably maintained.

  In addition, since the juice, extract or distillate of plants belonging to the genus Piraceae contains fragrance components, these can be used as a fragrance or deodorant as they are, but other fragrance components can be used as well. You may mix | blend. Examples of other perfume ingredients include hydrocarbon perfumes such as pinene and limonene, alcohol perfumes such as linalool, geraniol, citronellol, menthol, borneol, benzyl alcohol, anis alcohol, β-phenethyl alcohol, anethole, eugenol and the like. Phenolic flavors, aldehyde flavors such as n-butyraldehyde, isobutyraldehyde, hexylaldehyde, citral, citronellal, benzaldehyde, cinnamaldehyde, ketone flavors such as carvone, menthone, camphor, acetophenone, ionone, γ-butyllactone, Examples include lactone flavors such as coumarin and cineol, and ester flavors such as octyl acetate, benzyl acetate, cinnamyl acetate, butyl propionate, and methyl benzoate. It is done. Moreover, a surfactant, a hydrotrope agent, etc. can be used if necessary.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention still in detail, this invention is not restrict | limited at all by the said Example.

Example 1
Preparation of Todomatsu Distillate:
Todomatsu leaves were used as raw materials, and Todomatsu leaf distillates were obtained as follows. That is, about 50 kg of Todomatsu leaves pulverized with a crushing crusher (manufactured by KYB Seisakusho) is put into the distillation tank of the microwave distillation apparatus shown in FIG. It was kept under Pascal decompression conditions (vapor temperature was about 67 ° C.) and distilled by microwave irradiation for 1 hour. About 5 kg (about 5 liters) of an aqueous fraction was collected from the obtained distillate.
The components contained in this aqueous fraction were subjected to liquid-liquid extraction with diethyl ether and measured using a gas chromatograph / mass spectrometer. As a result, five types of components shown in Table 1 below were detected.

Example 2
Inhibition of influenza virus against Todomatsu leaf distillate aqueous fraction:
0.9 ml of an aqueous fraction of Todomatsu leaf distillate prepared in Example 1 was taken, 0.1 ml of virus solution (evaluation virus: type A (H1N1) influenza virus) was added thereto, and the mixture was allowed to stand for 30 minutes. Thereafter, 0.1 ml was taken from the same solution and diluted to 10 ml to stop the action of the aqueous fraction against the virus. The virus infectivity of this solution was determined by the TCID50 method (50% tissue culture infective dose) shown below. The results are shown in Table 2.
(TCID50 method)
The virus-containing solution is diluted to a constant concentration, and 1 ml of each diluted solution is added to the microplate. To this, canine kidney cell fluid is dispensed and cultured at 37 ° C., 5% carbon dioxide concentration for 24 hours. Later, the degeneration of the infected cells was observed under a microscope, and the virus infectivity titer was determined from the diluted concentration at which the infected cells did not appear.

  As shown in Table 2, the Todomatsu distillate aqueous fraction reduced the viral infectivity to 1 / 10,000 or less.

Example 3
By spraying the aqueous fraction of Todomatsu leaf distillate obtained in Example 1 onto the space using an ultrasonic atomizer (Echotech Co., Ltd.), the virus in the space is inactivated and the space is erased. It smells and gives a refreshing fragrance.

Example 4
The aqueous fraction of Todomatsu leaf distillate obtained in Example 1 was put in a pump spray container (capacity 100 ml, 0.3 g sprayed with one stroke, the bottle part is made of polyester) and sprayed into the space, The virus can be inactivated, the space can be deodorized, and a refreshing fragrance can be imparted.

Example 5
A dispersion of 3.0 g of carrageenan in 5.0 g of propylene glycol is dispersed in 92.0 g of the aqueous fraction of Todomatsu leaf distillate of Example 1, heated and dispersed at about 60 ° C., and then filled into a cup-shaped container with an open top surface. And solidified by cooling to obtain a gel-like fragrance deodorant. This can deodorize the space for about one month, impart a refreshing fragrance, and reduce the infectivity of the virus in the space.

Example 6
5 g of the cross-linked polyacrylamide block polymer and 50 ml of the aqueous fraction of Todomatsu leaf distillate of Example 1 were mixed, and the cross-linked polyacrylamide block polymer was swollen to prepare a gel-like fragrance deodorant. This can deodorize the space for about one month, impart a refreshing fragrance, and reduce the infectivity of the virus in the space.

Example 7
The aqueous fraction of Todomatsu leaf distillate of Example 1 was put in a pump spray container (capacity 100 ml, 0.3 g sprayed with one stroke, bottle part made of polyester), sprayed on a fabric sofa for 10 strokes, and left for 10 minutes. did. After repeating this 10 times as one cycle, the texture of the sprayed sofa surface was evaluated. As a result, no residual ingredients such as stiff and sticky feeling were confirmed, and the texture before spraying on the sofa was maintained. It can also inactivate viruses on the sofa surface.

  Since the antiviral agent of the present invention is derived from a plant belonging to the genus Piraceae, it is highly safe for animals and the human body and can be used without worrying about side effects. For this reason, it can be widely used for foods, feeds, pharmaceuticals, quasi drugs, daily necessities, etc. for the purpose of prevention or treatment / improvement of influenza infection and onset.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ...... Microwave distillation apparatus 2 ... Distillation tank 3 ...... Microwave heating apparatus 4 ...... Stirring splash 5 ...... Airflow inflow pipe 6 ...... Distillate outflow pipe 7 ...... Cooling apparatus 8 ...... Heating control apparatus 9 …… Pressure reducing pump 10…… Pressure regulating valve 11…… Pressure control device 12…… Distillation target 13…… Distillate

Claims (13)

  An antiviral agent comprising, as an active ingredient, a pressed solution, an extract or a distillate of a plant belonging to the genus Piraceae.   The antiviral agent according to claim 1, wherein the pressed solution, extract or distillate of a plant belonging to the genus Pinaceae is a pressed solution, extract or distillate of a plant belonging to the genus Pinaceae.   The antiviral agent according to claim 1, wherein the extract of a plant belonging to the genus Pinaceae is an extract with a polar solvent.   The antiviral agent according to claim 1, wherein the distillate of a plant belonging to the genus Firaceae is a distillate obtained by heating a plant of the genus Firaceae under reduced pressure and performing distillation.   The antiviral agent according to claim 4, wherein the distillate of a plant belonging to the genus Piraceae is an aqueous fraction of a distillate obtained by heating a plant belonging to the genus Piraceae under reduced pressure and performing distillation.   The antiviral agent according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the heating is microwave heating.   The antiviral agent according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the plant belonging to the genus Piraceae is Todomatsu.   The antiviral agent according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which has an antiviral action against influenza virus.   The antiviral agent according to claim 8, wherein the influenza virus is type A (H1N1 type).   A food, feed, pharmaceutical product, quasi-drug or daily necessities containing the antiviral agent according to any one of claims 1 to 9.   The daily necessities according to claim 10, which are a spraying agent, a fragrance or a deodorant.   A virus inactivation method, wherein the antiviral agent according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is applied in the air.   A virus inactivation method comprising applying the antiviral agent according to any one of claims 1 to 9 to a target surface.

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