JP2011099093A - オレフィン共重合体増粘剤および潤滑油組成物およびその用途 - Google Patents
オレフィン共重合体増粘剤および潤滑油組成物およびその用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】 該潤滑油組成物は、多量の潤滑油粘度のオイルと、少量の約10000から最大約300000の数平均分子量を有する少なくとも1個のオレフィン共重合体とからなる。該オレフィン共重合体は、(A)ビニル置換芳香族化合物および(B)C5〜C30のオレフィン、ポリアルキレン化合物およびそれらの混合物から選択した化合物でグラフトされている。反応混合物におけるA/Bのモル比は約0.25:1〜約5:1である。該潤滑油組成物は、随意的に、少量の少なくとも1個の非グラフトオレフィン共重合体、スチレン−イソプレン共重合体、メタクリル共重合体、または約50000から最大約300000の数平均分子量を有するスチレンブタジエン共重合体を含むことができる。
【選択図】 なし
Description
潤滑油の粘度は、概して温度に依存する。油の温度が上昇するにつれて、油の粘度は概して減少し;油の温度が減少すると、油の粘度は概して上昇する。一般的に現代のエンジンを操作する高温では、エンジンの可動部に潤滑油を適切にさす特定の範囲内に粘度を維持するのが重要である。さらに、潤滑油は、エンジンを止めたときの環境から低い温度に露呈し;これらの状況において、オイルの粘度が十分に低く、オイルがエンジンをかける状態でも流れるようにする。高低温に対する可能な油粘度は、SAE J300標準によって規定されている。
デン二重結合の数は化合物において約50〜約85%である。化合物における残余ビニリデン二重結合の割合は、例えば、赤外線スペクトルもしくはC13核磁気共鳴分析またはそれら組み合わせ等の既知の方法によって画定する。この化合物を生成するプロセスは、例えば、米国特許第4152499号明細書において開示されている。とくに適切な化合物は、重量平均分子量の数平均分子量に対する比が約1〜約6であり、数平均分子量が約500〜約1500であるポリイソブテンである。
ーラジカル開始剤を別々に融解した共重合体に提供してグラフトさせる。他の実施形態において、グラフト成分、共重合体および開始剤の3個すべてをほぼ同時に押出機に供給する。反応は、随意的にオレフィン共重合体のグラフトをするのに十分な混合条件で行う。分子量減少およびグラフトが同時に起こるとき、実例の混合条件は米国特許第5075383号明細書において開示され、参考として組み込む。プロセス用装置は、概して、窒素で浄化し共重合体の酸化を防ぐ。プロセス用相装置は、排出口を備え、未反応の試薬およびグラフト反応の副生成物を除去する。プロセス用装置の滞留時間を制御して、所定の程度のグラフトを提供し、排出を介してグラフトした共重合体の精製を可能にする。鉱油または合成潤滑油を、排出段階の後にプロセス用装置に加えて、グラフト重合体を分解する。
除去しグラフトした共重合体生成物から分離する。未反応成分を真空揮散によって反応集団から排除し、例えば、反応集団は、約150°C〜約450°Cの温度まで加熱して、揮発性の未反応グラフト成分およびフリーラジカル開始剤成分を除去する。真空揮産は、排出口を備えた押出機部分において行う。
9号明細書において開示されているように、例えば、フェノラート/サリチル酸塩、硫酸塩/フェノラート、硫酸塩/サリチル酸塩、硫酸塩/フェノラート/サリチル酸塩の混合した界面活性剤系で形成した「ハイブリッド」の合成洗剤もある。
ン、マンガン、ニッケルまたは銅である。亜鉛塩は最も一般的に潤滑油において用いられ、潤滑油化合物の全重量を基にして0.1〜10の量、好ましくは0.2〜2重量%である。
ジアルキルジチオリン酸塩、アルキルキサントゲン酸塩、およびアルキルチオキサントゲン酸塩がある。他のオルガノ−金属化合物には、油溶チタンおよびタングステンカルボキシル酸塩がある。
希釈する。この濃縮の目的は、もちろん、様々な材料の扱いを容易かつ簡単にし、また、最終混合物における溶液または分散を行うからである。したがって、グラフトしたオレフィン共重合体は、通常、例えば潤滑油において5〜15重量%濃度で入れる。一つの実施形態において、最終的な潤滑油における濃縮物の量は、全潤滑油の約0.05重量パーセント〜約15重量パーセントである。
ら直接得たエステル油およびさらなる処理をせずに用いるものが未精製オイルである。精製オイルは、1個またはそれ以上の特性を改善するために1回またはそれ以上の精製ステップにおいてさらに処理したこと以外は未精製オイルと同様である。多くのこの生成技術は、溶媒流出、二次精製、酸または塩基抽出、濾過、浸透、などとして当業者には既知である。再精製オイルは、既に使用した精製オイルに精製オイルを取り込んで用いたオイルと同様のプロセスによって得られる。この再精製オイルも、再生または再プロセスオイルとしても既知であり、添加物、含有物およびオイル崩壊産物を直接除去できる技術によってさらに処理する。
個のサンプルには加えなかった。比較サンプルCは、群IIの110Nオイルにおいて6重量%で溶解した。
5%の流動点降下剤を有した。重合体溶液は、約15.5cStの動粘度を得るために処理速度を調整し、残りは28.44/710.56の比においてMotiva star4およびStar6の混合物とした。オイルは、100°Cで動粘性率、−25°CでCCS、−30°CでMRV−TP−1、150°Cで高温高せん断(HTHS)および温度サイクルゲル化(TCG)テストを評価した。これらの評価の結果を表6において示す。
を通過するのに必要な適切なグラフト単量体、濃度、および触媒濃度を選択する。
く当業者によって行うものとする。
多量の潤滑油粘度のオイルと;
少量の約10000から最大約300000の数平均分子量を有する少なくとも1個のオレフィン共重合体と、ただし該オレフィン共重合体は、(A)ビニル置換芳香族化合物および(B)C5〜C30のオレフィン、ポリアルキレン化合物およびそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択した化合物でグラフトされており、反応混合物におけるA/Bのモル比は約0.25:1〜約5:1である;
随意的に、少量の少なくとも1個の非グラフトオレフィン共重合体、スチレン−イソプレン共重合体、メタクリル共重合体、または約50000から最大約300000の数平均分子量を有するスチレンブタジエン共重合体と、
からなるものである、潤滑油組成物。
(b)(A)ビニル置換芳香族化合物および(B)C5〜C30のアルファオレフィン、内部オレフィン、ポリイソアルキレンおよびそれら組み合わせから成る群から選択する成分からなるグラフト成分と
の押出反応生成物を含むオレフィン共重合体粘度指数向上剤。
多量の潤滑油粘度のオイルと;
少量の約10000から最大約300000の数平均分子量を有する少なくとも1個のオレフィン共重合体と、ただし該オレフィン共重合体は、(A)ビニル置換芳香族化合物および(B)C5〜C30のオレフィン、ポリアルキレン化合物およびそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択した化合物でグラフトされており、反応混合物におけるA/Bのモル比は約0.25:1〜約5:1である;
随意的に、少量の少なくとも1個の非グラフトオレフィン共重合体、スチレン−イソプレン共重合体、メタクリル共重合体、または約50000から最大約300000の数平均分子量を有するスチレンブタジエン共重合体と、
からなるものである、方法。
(b)(A)ビニル置換芳香族化合物および(B)C5〜C30のアルファオレフィン、内部オレフィン、ポリイソアルキレンおよびそれら組み合わせから選択した成分からなるカルボキシル官能基を欠くグラフト成分と
の反応生成物を含む押出非分散オレフィン共重合体。
Claims (10)
- 潤滑油組成物であって、
多量の潤滑油粘度のオイルと;
少量の約10000から最大約300000の数平均分子量を有する少なくとも1個のオレフィン共重合体と、ただし該オレフィン共重合体は、(A)ビニル置換芳香族化合物および(B)C5〜C30のオレフィン、ポリアルキレン化合物およびそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択した化合物でグラフトされており、反応混合物におけるA/Bのモル比は約0.25:1〜約5:1である;
随意的に、少量の少なくとも1個の非グラフトオレフィン共重合体、スチレン−イソプレン共重合体、メタクリル共重合体、または約50000から最大約300000の数平均分子量を有するスチレンブタジエン共重合体と、
からなるものである、潤滑油組成物。 - グラフトしたオレフィン共重合体および非グラフトオレフィン共重合体は、エチレンおよび1個またはそれ以上のC3〜C23のアルファオレフィンの共重合体を有するものとする、請求項1に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- さらに、分散剤、金属含有合成洗剤、摩耗防止剤、抗酸化剤、および摩擦調整剤を有する分散剤/阻害剤パッケージを有するものとする、請求項1に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- 摩擦調整剤は、非金属含有有機摩擦調整剤、オルガノ金属摩擦調整剤およびそれらの混合物から成る群から選択するものとする、請求項3に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- オルガノ金属摩擦調整剤は、油溶オルガノ−チタン、油溶オルガノ−モリブデン化合物および油溶オルガノ−タングステン化合物から成る群から選択するものとする、請求項4に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- グラフトオレフィン共重合体は、(A)ビニル芳香族化合物および(B)C5〜C30のオレフィで、A/Bのモル比が約0.5:1〜約2.5:1であるとするオレフィンの混合物に由来するものとする、請求項1に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- 車両における燃費を改善する方法であって、車両エンジンを潤滑油組成物で潤滑にするステップを有し、該潤滑油組成物が、
多量の潤滑油粘度のオイルと;
少量の約10000から最大約300000の数平均分子量を有する少なくとも1個のオレフィン共重合体と、ただし該オレフィン共重合体は、(A)ビニル置換芳香族化合物および(B)C5〜C30のオレフィン、ポリアルキレン化合物およびそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択した化合物でグラフトされており、反応混合物におけるA/Bのモル比は約0.25:1〜約5:1である;
随意的に、少量の少なくとも1個の非グラフトオレフィン共重合体、スチレン−イソプレン共重合体、メタクリル共重合体、または約50000から最大約300000の数平均分子量を有するスチレンブタジエン共重合体と、
からなるものである、方法。 - グラフトしたオレフィン共重合体および非グラフトオレフィン共重合体は、エチレンおよび1個またはそれ以上のC3〜C23のアルファオレフィンの共重合体を有するものとする、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 潤滑油組成物は、潤滑油組成物の全重量を基にして0.5重量%未満の流動点降下剤を
有するものとする、請求項7に記載の方法。 - (a)オレフィン共重合体骨格、該共重合体は約10000から約300000より大きい数平均分子量を有している;と
(b)(A)ビニル置換芳香族化合物および(B)C5〜C30のアルファオレフィン、内部オレフィン、ポリイソアルキレンおよびそれら組み合わせから選択した成分からなるカルボキシル官能基を欠くグラフト成分と
の反応生成物を含む押出非分散オレフィン共重合体。
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SG170669A1 (en) | 2011-05-30 |
EP2325291A1 (en) | 2011-05-25 |
CN102051251A (zh) | 2011-05-11 |
US8415284B2 (en) | 2013-04-09 |
US20110105371A1 (en) | 2011-05-05 |
EP2325291B1 (en) | 2012-12-12 |
JP5635350B2 (ja) | 2014-12-03 |
CN102051251B (zh) | 2013-08-21 |
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