JP2010518995A - 物質移動および/またはエネルギー交換のための装置 - Google Patents
物質移動および/またはエネルギー交換のための装置 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 139
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 33
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 25
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004199 lung function Effects 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010036590 Premature baby Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004177 elastic tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003058 plasma substitute Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
- A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
- A61M1/1698—Blood oxygenators with or without heat-exchangers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
- A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
- A61M1/26—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes and internal elements which are moving
- A61M1/267—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes and internal elements which are moving used for pumping
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/10—Location thereof with respect to the patient's body
- A61M60/104—Extracorporeal pumps, i.e. the blood being pumped outside the patient's body
- A61M60/109—Extracorporeal pumps, i.e. the blood being pumped outside the patient's body incorporated within extracorporeal blood circuits or systems
- A61M60/113—Extracorporeal pumps, i.e. the blood being pumped outside the patient's body incorporated within extracorporeal blood circuits or systems in other functional devices, e.g. dialysers or heart-lung machines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/10—Location thereof with respect to the patient's body
- A61M60/122—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body
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- A61M60/152—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body implantable via, into, inside, in line, branching on, or around a blood vessel branching on and drawing blood from a blood vessel
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/30—Medical purposes thereof other than the enhancement of the cardiac output
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- A61M60/37—Haemodialysis, haemofiltration or diafiltration
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/30—Medical purposes thereof other than the enhancement of the cardiac output
- A61M60/36—Medical purposes thereof other than the enhancement of the cardiac output for specific blood treatment; for specific therapy
- A61M60/38—Blood oxygenation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/40—Details relating to driving
- A61M60/424—Details relating to driving for positive displacement blood pumps
- A61M60/427—Details relating to driving for positive displacement blood pumps the force acting on the blood contacting member being hydraulic or pneumatic
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/50—Details relating to control
- A61M60/508—Electronic control means, e.g. for feedback regulation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/80—Constructional details other than related to driving
- A61M60/855—Constructional details other than related to driving of implantable pumps or pumping devices
- A61M60/884—Constructional details other than related to driving of implantable pumps or pumping devices being associated to additional implantable blood treating devices
- A61M60/886—Blood oxygenators
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/80—Constructional details other than related to driving
- A61M60/855—Constructional details other than related to driving of implantable pumps or pumping devices
- A61M60/884—Constructional details other than related to driving of implantable pumps or pumping devices being associated to additional implantable blood treating devices
- A61M60/888—Blood filters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
- A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
- A61M1/1678—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes intracorporal
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/10—Location thereof with respect to the patient's body
- A61M60/122—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body
- A61M60/126—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body implantable via, into, inside, in line, branching on, or around a blood vessel
- A61M60/148—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body implantable via, into, inside, in line, branching on, or around a blood vessel in line with a blood vessel using resection or like techniques, e.g. permanent endovascular heart assist devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/80—Constructional details other than related to driving
- A61M60/855—Constructional details other than related to driving of implantable pumps or pumping devices
- A61M60/89—Valves
- A61M60/894—Passive valves, i.e. valves actuated by the blood
- A61M60/896—Passive valves, i.e. valves actuated by the blood having flexible or resilient parts, e.g. flap valves
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
【選択図】図2
Description
Claims (21)
- 第1の媒質が流れ、内部に少なくとも1つの物質透過性および/またはエネルギー透過性の中空繊維(5)、好ましくは複数の物質透過性および/またはエネルギー透過性の中空繊維(5)が配置されるチャンバー(2)を有し、
前記中空繊維(5)を通って第2の媒質が流れ、その周囲を前記第1の媒質が流れ、
前記チャンバー(2)に少なくとも1つのポンプ要素(5)が配置され、前記ポンプ要素により、前記第1の媒質が前記チャンバー(2)から排出されおよび/または前記チャンバー(2)内に吸引されることを特徴とする、
2つの媒質間、特に血液とガス/ガス混合物間で、物質の移動および/またはエネルギー交換するための、装置。 - 前記ポンプ要素(5)が変形可能な、特に弾性変形可能な要素として配置され、前記ポンプ要素の(5)の表面/容積が少なくとも一部の領域で変化可能であり、
表面/容積の増大により前記チャンバー(2)から前記第1の媒質が排出され、表面/容積の減少により前記チャンバー(2)内に前記第1の媒質が吸引されることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の装置。 - 前記チャンバー(2)内の流れを方向づけるため、各1つの弁(9、10)、特に前記第1の媒質用に一方向の弁が前記チャンバー(2)の入口および出口に配置されることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の装置。
- 少なくとも1つの変形可能な前記ポンプ要素(5)が変形可能な、特に弾性変形可能な中空繊維(5)であり、媒質が内部に作用することにより表面/容積が少なくとも一部の領域で変化することを特徴とする、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の装置。
- 少なくとも1つの、特に弾性変形可能な前記中空繊維(5)が物質透過性および/またはエネルギー透過性の中空繊維であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の装置。
- すべての物質透過性および/またはエネルギー透過性の前記中空繊維(5)の少なくとも一部が、特に弾性変形可能な中空繊維(5)であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の装置。
- 弾性変形可能かつ物質透過性および/またはエネルギー透過性の中空繊維(5)がシリコンチューブであることを特徴とする、請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の装置。
- 少なくとも1つの弾性変形可能な前記中空繊維(5)に作用させるための媒質が、第2の媒質と一致することを特徴とする、請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の装置。
- 少なくとも1つの弾性変形可能な前記中空繊維(5)に作用させるための媒質が流体により形成され、その流体を用いて前記第1の媒質とのエネルギー交換、特に熱エネルギー交換が生じることを特徴とする、請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の装置。
- 前記第1の媒質が流れる前記チャンバー(2)に加え、少なくとも1つの追加チャンバー(11)を有し、
前記追加チャンバー(11)を介して前記第2の媒質が少なくとも1つの物質透過性および/またはエネルギー透過性の中空繊維(5)に、好ましくは複数の物質透過性および/またはエネルギー透過性の中空繊維(5)に供給され、
少なくとも1つの、特に弾性変形可能な前記中空繊維(5)が前記チャンバー(2)および少なくとも1つの前記追加チャンバー(11)内に延在することを特徴とする、請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載の装置。 - 少なくとも1つの、特に弾性変形可能な前記中空繊維(5)の表面/容積が、前記媒質の内部作用により少なくとも1つの前記追加チャンバー(11)における少なくとも一部の領域でも変化可能であり、表面/容積の変化により、前記第2の媒質に圧の変動が生じることを特徴とする、請求項10に記載の装置。
- 少なくとも1つの、特に弾性変形可能な前記中空繊維(5)の表面/容積の変化が、この中空繊維を通って流れる媒質の圧の変化により生じることを特徴とする、請求項1〜11のいずれかに記載の装置。
- 前記圧の変化が、装置への取り込み口で前記媒質が少なくとも1つの、特に弾性変形可能な中空繊維へ持続的に流入することで生じ、前記装置の出口で排出量が制御され、特に制御された方法で変化可能な断面により制御されることを特徴とする、請求項12記載の装置。
- 表面/容積に局所に限定された少なくとも1つの変化領域を形成するために、変形可能な中空繊維(5)がその周囲に少なくとも1つの支持体要素、特に少なくとも1つの輪または管または格子を有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜13のいずれかに記載の装置。
- 表面/容積に局所に限定された少なくとも1つの変化領域を形成するために、弾性の中空繊維(5)が一部の領域において異なる壁の厚さおよび/または表面特性を有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜14のいずれかに記載の装置。
- 少なくとも1つの弾性変形可能な中空繊維(5)が、複数の非弾性かつ物質透過性および/またはエネルギー透過性の中空繊維により、特に対称に囲まれることを特徴とする、請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の装置。
- 前記中空繊維(5)の配列全体が実質的に多角形の、特に六角形の断面を有することを特徴とする、請求項16記載の装置。
- 非変形可能かつ物質透過性および/またはエネルギー透過性の前記中空繊維(5)が互いにオフセット構造に重ねられ、特に2つの中空繊維の間の真ん中に層状にオフセット構造に重ねられることを特徴とする、請求項16または請求項17に記載の装置。
- 前記第1の媒質の充填容積が乳児の血液量より少なく、特に100ml未満であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜18のいずれかに記載の装置。
- 酸素供給器、特に早産児、新生児、幼児、および成人用の特に血液酸素供給器、特にインプラント可能な酸素供給器としての、請求項1〜19のいずれかに記載の装置の使用。
- インプラント可能な人工臓器、特に透析装置としての、請求項1〜20のいずれかに記載の装置の使用。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102007010112.2 | 2007-02-28 | ||
DE102007010112A DE102007010112A1 (de) | 2007-02-28 | 2007-02-28 | Vorrichtung für den Stoff- und/oder Energieaustausch |
PCT/EP2008/001487 WO2008104353A1 (de) | 2007-02-28 | 2008-02-26 | Vorrichtung für den stoff- und/oder energieaustausch |
Publications (2)
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JP2010518995A true JP2010518995A (ja) | 2010-06-03 |
JP5188513B2 JP5188513B2 (ja) | 2013-04-24 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP2009551121A Active JP5188513B2 (ja) | 2007-02-28 | 2008-02-26 | 物質移動および/またはエネルギー交換のための装置 |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US8398858B2 (ja) |
EP (2) | EP2786772A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5188513B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2679428C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE102007010112A1 (ja) |
DK (1) | DK2125069T3 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2501916T3 (ja) |
PL (1) | PL2125069T3 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2008104353A1 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
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JP2013517019A (ja) * | 2010-01-13 | 2013-05-16 | マルセイレ,オリバー | 体外膜型酸素供給のための血液ポンプおよびガス交換器を備えた装置 |
JP2014518696A (ja) * | 2011-05-04 | 2014-08-07 | ドリッテ・パテントポートフォリオ・ベタイリグンスゲゼルシャフト・エムベーハー・ウント・コンパニー・カーゲー | 交換デバイス |
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JP2018518236A (ja) * | 2015-05-12 | 2018-07-12 | ソリン・グループ・イタリア・ソシエタ・ア・レスポンサビリタ・リミタータSorin Group Italia S.r.l. | ガス交換を減少させるための1つまたは複数の制限要素を有する血液ガス交換器 |
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DE102010005135A1 (de) * | 2010-01-19 | 2011-07-21 | Kashefi, Ali, Dr.-Ing., 52074 | Vorrichtung für den Stoff- und/oder Energieaustausch zwischen zwei Medien |
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WO2015128886A1 (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2015-09-03 | Sorin Group Italia S.R.L. | System for providing an integrated arterial filter into an oxygenator, minimizing added priming volume |
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DE102015000021A1 (de) * | 2015-01-07 | 2016-07-07 | Enmodes Gmbh | Vorrichtung für den Stoffaustausch zwischen Blut und einem Gas/Gasgemisch |
DE102018100568A1 (de) * | 2018-01-11 | 2019-07-11 | B. Braun Avitum Ag | Blutbehandlungsmaschine mit einem Hohlfaserfiltermodul zur horizontalen Anordnung sowie ein Hohlfaserfiltermodul und dessen Verwendung |
US20200295386A1 (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2020-09-17 | Honeywell International Inc. | Water exchanger for a fuel cell based power generator |
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JP2013517019A (ja) * | 2010-01-13 | 2013-05-16 | マルセイレ,オリバー | 体外膜型酸素供給のための血液ポンプおよびガス交換器を備えた装置 |
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JP2014518696A (ja) * | 2011-05-04 | 2014-08-07 | ドリッテ・パテントポートフォリオ・ベタイリグンスゲゼルシャフト・エムベーハー・ウント・コンパニー・カーゲー | 交換デバイス |
JP2014533973A (ja) * | 2011-09-23 | 2014-12-18 | パルティ、ヨーラム | ナノチューブと人工肺とを備えるガス交換装置 |
JP2018518236A (ja) * | 2015-05-12 | 2018-07-12 | ソリン・グループ・イタリア・ソシエタ・ア・レスポンサビリタ・リミタータSorin Group Italia S.r.l. | ガス交換を減少させるための1つまたは複数の制限要素を有する血液ガス交換器 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
PL2125069T3 (pl) | 2014-11-28 |
CA2679428A1 (en) | 2008-09-04 |
DE102007010112A1 (de) | 2008-09-04 |
DK2125069T3 (da) | 2014-09-01 |
CA2679428C (en) | 2015-09-29 |
JP5188513B2 (ja) | 2013-04-24 |
US20100106072A1 (en) | 2010-04-29 |
EP2125069A1 (de) | 2009-12-02 |
EP2125069B1 (de) | 2014-06-25 |
EP2786772A1 (de) | 2014-10-08 |
WO2008104353A1 (de) | 2008-09-04 |
US8398858B2 (en) | 2013-03-19 |
ES2501916T3 (es) | 2014-10-02 |
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