JP2010516994A - 炭化水素流の冷却方法及び装置 - Google Patents
炭化水素流の冷却方法及び装置 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 160
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 183
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000013849 propane Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- -1 H 2 O Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
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- F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
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- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
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Abstract
【選択図】図1
Description
(a)前記炭化水素流を第1の冷媒流で熱交換して、冷却された炭化水素流と少なくとも部分的に蒸発した冷媒流とを得る工程;
(b)1以上の圧縮器を用いて前記少なくとも部分的に蒸発した冷媒流を圧縮して、圧縮された冷媒流を得る工程;
(c)1回以上の圧縮の後に前記圧縮された冷媒流を周囲環境で冷却して、冷却された圧縮冷媒流を得る工程;
(d)工程(c)の前記冷却された圧縮冷媒流を動的に膨張させて、膨張した冷媒流を得る工程;及び
(e)前記膨張した冷媒流を更に冷却し、少なくとも部分的に凝縮した冷媒流を得る工程、
を少なくとも含む方法を提供する。
- 前記炭化水素流を第1の冷媒流により冷却して、冷却された炭化水素流と少なくとも部分的に蒸発した冷媒流とを得るための冷却ステージ;
- 前記少なくとも部分的に蒸発した冷媒流を圧縮するための1以上の圧縮器;
- 前記圧縮器による1回以上の圧縮の後に圧縮された冷媒を周囲環境で冷却するための1以上の周囲冷却装置;
- 冷却された圧縮ガス流を膨張させて、膨張した冷媒流を得るための1以上の動的膨張器;
- 膨張した冷媒流を更に冷却して、少なくとも部分的に凝縮した冷媒流を得るための冷媒冷却ステージ;
を少なくとも備え、
前記1以上の周囲冷却装置と前記1以上の動的膨張器との間には機能する更なる熱交換手段は設けられていない、炭化水素流を冷却する装置を提供する。
12 冷却ステージ
14 第1の圧縮器
16 第2の圧縮器
18 第3の圧縮器
20 第1の冷媒流
21 第1の冷却装置
22 第2の冷却装置
23 第3の冷却装置
24 膨張器
26 冷媒冷却ステージ
Claims (10)
- 天然ガス流などの炭化水素流を冷却する方法であって、
(a)前記炭化水素流を第1の冷媒流で熱交換して、冷却された炭化水素流と少なくとも部分的に蒸発した冷媒流とを得る工程;
(b)1以上の圧縮器を用いて前記少なくとも部分的に蒸発した冷媒流を圧縮して、圧縮された冷媒流を得る工程;
(c)1回以上の圧縮の後に前記圧縮された冷媒流を周囲環境で冷却して、冷却された圧縮冷媒流を得る工程;
(d)工程(c)の前記冷却された圧縮冷媒流を動的に膨張させて、膨張した冷媒流を得る工程;及び
(e)前記膨張した冷媒流を更に冷却し、少なくとも部分的に凝縮した冷媒流を得る工程、
を含む方法。 - 工程(e)により得られた前記少なくとも部分的に凝縮した冷媒流を、工程(a)の第1の冷媒流として再循環させる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記膨張した冷媒流を、工程(e)において熱交換器の第2の冷媒流による熱交換によって更に冷却する、請求項1又は請求項2に記載の方法。
- 第1の冷媒流の冷媒が、窒素、メタン、エタン、エチレン、プロパン、プロピレン、ブタン、及びペンタンの群から選択された2種以上の成分を含んだ混合冷媒である、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記膨張した冷媒流が、工程(d)における冷却された圧縮冷媒流の膨張後において少なくとも部分的に液体である、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 工程(b)において2以上の圧縮器、好ましくは2、3又は4つの圧縮器を用いる、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 工程(a)における前記炭化水素流の冷却が、天然ガスなどの炭化水素流の液化方法における冷却段階を含む、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記炭化水素流を工程(a)において好ましくは液化天然ガスとして液化する、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 天然ガス流などの炭化水素流を冷却する装置であって、
- 前記炭化水素流を第1の冷媒流により冷却して、冷却された炭化水素流と少なくとも部分的に蒸発した冷媒流とを得るための冷却ステージ;
- 前記少なくとも部分的に蒸発した冷媒流を圧縮するための1以上の圧縮器;
- 前記圧縮器による1回以上の圧縮の後に圧縮された冷媒を周囲環境で冷却するための1以上の周囲冷却装置;
- 冷却された圧縮ガス流を膨張させて、膨張した冷媒流を得るための1以上の動的膨張器;
- 膨張した冷媒流を更に冷却して、少なくとも部分的に凝縮した冷媒流を得るための冷媒冷却ステージ;
を少なくとも備え、
前記1以上の周囲冷却装置と前記1以上の動的膨張器との間には機能する更なる熱交換手段は設けられていない、炭化水素流を冷却する装置。 - 前記冷媒冷却ステージが第2の冷媒流を用いて前記膨張した冷媒流を冷却する、請求項9に記載の装置。
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PCT/EP2008/050732 WO2008090165A2 (en) | 2007-01-25 | 2008-01-23 | Method and apparatus for cooling a hydrocarbon stream |
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RU2009131924A (ru) | 2011-02-27 |
US20100024474A1 (en) | 2010-02-04 |
WO2008090165A3 (en) | 2009-05-07 |
RU2467268C2 (ru) | 2012-11-20 |
CA2676177A1 (en) | 2008-07-31 |
AU2008208879B2 (en) | 2010-11-11 |
US8549876B2 (en) | 2013-10-08 |
WO2008090165A2 (en) | 2008-07-31 |
AU2008208879A1 (en) | 2008-07-31 |
EP2122280A2 (en) | 2009-11-25 |
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