JP2010514474A - ポリマー−及びポリマーブレンド−バイオセラミック複合体製埋込み型医用デバイス - Google Patents
ポリマー−及びポリマーブレンド−バイオセラミック複合体製埋込み型医用デバイス Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【選択図】 図3B
Description
[発明の分野]
本発明は、埋込み型医用デバイス及び埋込み型医用デバイスの作製方法に関する。
本発明は、体内管腔に埋め込むように適合された、半径方向に拡張可能な体内補綴物に関する。「体内補綴物」という用語は、体内に設置される人工デバイスに対応する。「管腔」という用語は、血管等の管状臓器の空洞を意味する。
本発明のある実施形態には、バイオセラミック/コポリマー複合体を含む構造要素を含む埋込み型医用デバイスが含まれ、該複合体はマトリックスポリマー中に分散した複数のバイオセラミック粒子を有し、マトリックスポリマーの大部分は第1官能基を含み、第1官能基はマトリックスポリマーの大部分であり、マトリックスポリマーは第1官能基のホモポリマーよりも大きな破壊靭性と大きな分解速度を有する。
バイオセラミックには人体と親和性のある任意のセラミック材料が含まれ得る。より一般的には、バイオセラミック材料には任意の種類の親和性無機材料又は無機/有機複合材料が含まれ得る。バイオセラミック材料には、これらに限らないが、アルミナ、ジルコニア、アパタイト、リン酸カルシウム、シリカ系ガラス又はガラスセラミック、及び熱分解炭素が含まれ得る。バイオセラミック材料は生体吸収性及び/又は活性であり得る。バイオセラミックは、生理的プロセスに能動的に関与するならば活性である。バイオセラミック材料はまた「不活性」でもあり得る。これはその材料が人体の生理的条件下で吸収又は分解されず、生理的プロセスに能動的に関与しないことを意味する。
45S5:SiO2 46.1モル%、CaO 26.9モル%、Na2O 24.4モル%、及びP2O5 2.5モル%
58S:SiO2 60モル%、CaO 36モル%、及びP2O5 4モル%、並びに
S70C30:SiO2 70モル%、CaO 30モル%
が含まれる。
商品として入手可能な別のガラスセラミックはA/Wである。
「ガラス転移温度」、Tgは、大気圧において、ポリマーの非晶質ドメインが脆いガラス状態から固体の可変形性又は延性のある状態に変化する温度である。換言すると、Tgはポリマーの鎖中においてセグメント運動の開始が起こる温度に対応する。非晶質又は半結晶質のポリマーが温度上昇にさらされると、ポリマーの膨張係数及び熱容量の両者は温度上昇とともに増大し、分子運動が増大していることを示す。温度の上昇とともに試料中の実際の分子体積は一定を保ち、したがってより高い膨張係数は、その系に関連する自由体積を増大させ、したがって分子が運動する自由度を増大させる傾向を示す。熱容量の増大は、運動による熱の消散の増大に対応する。所与のポリマーのTgは、加熱速度に依存し、ポリマーの熱履歴に影響され得る。さらに、ポリマーの化学構造は、移動度に影響することにより、ガラス転移に多大の影響を与える。
ステントはポリマーブレンド/バイオセラミック複合体から作製した。PLLAはマトリックスポリマーであり、P(GA−co−CL)−b−PLLA及び/又はPLLA−b−P(GA−co−CL)は改質剤ポリマーである。硫酸カルシウムのナノ粒子はバイオセラミックナノ粒子である。硫酸カルシウムのナノ粒子は、PEG−PPG−PEG表面改質剤で前処理した。PEGはポリエチレングリコールを意味し、PPGはポリプロピレングリコールを意味する。マトリックスポリマーと改質剤ポリマーとバイオセラミック粒子の重量比は、100:10:1であった。
リコイル%=(拡張直径−収縮直径)/拡張直径×100%
より計算した。
長さ変化%=(圧着した長さ−配置した長さ)/圧着した長さ×100%
から計算した。
LPLGをマトリックスポリマー、P(GA−co−CL)−b−LPLGを改質剤ポリマーとして、ポリマーブレンド/バイオセラミック複合体からステントを作製した。
LPLG(85:15)100部、自家製P(GA−co−CL)−b−LPLGコポリマー10部、及びナノバイオセラミック1部を共に混合し、次いで210℃で押し出してポリマーチューブを形成した。形成したチューブの壁厚は約0.050インチ、外径(OD)は約0.072インチであった。
半径方向の強度を高めるために、押し出したチューブを半径方向に拡張した。次いで半径方向に拡張したチューブからステントを切り取って電子線で滅菌した。最終ステントの壁厚は約0.005インチ、ODは約0.052インチであった。
3a)拡張試験
5個のステントをOD4.0mmまで拡張した。拡張後に破壊されたストラットは観察されなかった。4.0mmの拡張で亀裂は観察されなかった。比較として、同じ加工条件を用いて改質剤ポリマー又はバイオセラミック粒子なしにLPLGからステントを作製した。4.0mmへの拡張後に破壊されたストラットが観察された。図8及び図9に、それぞれLPLG/コポリマー/ナノ複合体及びLPLGから作製した拡張ステントの像を示す。
Instron試験機を用いて圧縮試験を実施した。ステント試料を、3.0mmに拡張した後に2枚の平板の間に置いた。平板間の距離が非圧縮状態のステントの直径になるよう、平板を調整した。次いで、非圧縮時の平板間距離の50%にまでステントを圧縮するよう、平板を調整した。抵抗力、即ちN/mmの単位の、ステントをそれぞれの圧縮距離に保つために必要な力の量を測定した。抵抗力は半径方向の強度(Rs)の尺度に対応する。弾性率も測定した。表5に、LPLG/コポリマー/ナノステントの圧縮試験結果を示す。半径方向の強度及び弾性率は、LPLGから作製したステントと同様である。
押出しして拡張したLPLG/コポリマー/ナノチューブを、切ってステントにする前に滅菌した。加速分解試験のため、チューブを47℃のリン酸緩衝生理食塩(PBS)溶液を満たしたバイアルに入れた。バイアルをインキュベーターチャンバー内に設置した往復振盪器(platform shaker)に保管した。インキュベーター内の温度を47℃に保ち、振盪器を毎分2〜4サイクルで振盪した。予備試験結果より、滅菌したLPLG/コポリマー/ナノチューブの分子量は、半月後に68%減少したことが示された。比較として、滅菌したLPLGチューブの分子量は同じ期間中に53%減少した。
Claims (41)
- バイオセラミック/コポリマー複合体を含む構造要素を含む埋込み型医用デバイスであって、前記複合体はマトリックスポリマー中に分散した複数のバイオセラミック粒子を有し、マトリックスポリマーの大部分は第1官能基を含み、第1官能基はマトリックスポリマーの大部分であり、マトリックスポリマーは第1官能基のホモポリマーよりも大きな破壊靭性及び大きな分解速度を有する、埋込み型医用デバイス。
- ステントを含む、請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- マトリックスポリマーがランダムコポリマーである、請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 第1官能基及び第2官能基が加水分解性である、請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 第2官能基のホモポリマーが、第1官能基のホモポリマーよりも大きな破壊靭性を有する、請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 第2官能基のホモポリマーがエラストマーである、請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 第2官能基が、第1官能基よりも加水分解活性が大きい、請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- コポリマーが、第1官能基又は第2官能基を含むホモポリマーよりも大きな分解速度を有する、請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 第1官能基がL−ラクチドである、請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 第2官能基が、カプロラクトン及びトリメチレンカーボネートからなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 第1官能基の重量百分率が約80%と95%の間である、請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 第2官能基の重量百分率が約5%と20%の間である、請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- バイオセラミック/コポリマー複合体を含む構造要素を含む埋込み型医用デバイスであって、前記複合体はマトリックスポリマー中に分散した複数のバイオセラミック粒子を有し、マトリックスポリマーは第1官能基、第2官能基、及び第3官能基を含むコポリマーを含み、マトリックスポリマーの大部分は第1官能基を含み、マトリックスポリマーは第1官能基のホモポリマーよりも大きな破壊靭性及び大きな分解速度を有する、埋込み型医用デバイス。
- ステントを含む、請求項13に記載のデバイス。
- マトリックスポリマーがランダムコポリマーである、請求項13に記載のデバイス。
- 第1官能基、第2官能基、及び第3官能基が加水分解活性である、請求項13に記載のデバイス。
- 第2官能基のホモポリマーが第1官能基のホモポリマーよりも大きな破壊靭性を有する、請求項13に記載のデバイス。
- 第2官能基のホモポリマーがエラストマーであって、第3官能基が第1官能基よりも加水分解活性が大きい、請求項13に記載のデバイス。
- 第1官能基がL−ラクチドである、請求項13に記載のデバイス。
- 第2官能基がカプロラクトン及びトリメチレンカーボネートからなる群から選択され、第3官能基がグリコリドである、請求項13に記載のデバイス。
- 第1官能基の重量百分率が約70%と90%の間である、請求項13に記載のデバイス。
- 第2官能基又は第3官能基の重量百分率が5%と15%の間である、請求項13に記載のデバイス。
- バイオセラミック/コポリマー複合体を含む構造要素を含む埋込み型医用デバイスであって、前記複合体はマトリックスポリマー中に分散した複数のバイオセラミック粒子を有し、マトリックスポリマーはL−ラクチド、エラストマーの官能基、及びL−ラクチドよりも加水分解活性が大きな官能基を含むランダムコポリマーを含み、マトリックスポリマーの大部分はL−ラクチドであり、マトリックスポリマーはポリ(L−ラクチド)よりも大きな破壊靭性及び大きな分解速度を有する、埋込み型医用デバイス。
- 構造要素を含む埋込み型医用デバイスであって、
構造要素は、第1官能基及び第2官能基を含むマトリックスコポリマーを含む連続ポリマー相並びに連続相中の不連続ポリマー相を含み、
コポリマーの大部分は第1官能基を含み、第2官能基は第1官能基よりも加水分解活性が高く、
不連続ポリマー相は不連続相セグメントを有する改質剤ポリマーを含み、不連続相セグメントはマトリックスコポリマーと非相溶性であり、改質剤ポリマーはマトリックスポリマーと相溶性のアンカーセグメントをさらに含み、アンカーセグメントは不連続相から連続相に少なくとも部分的に相分離し、
複数のバイオセラミック粒子が連続及び/又は不連続相中に分散している、埋込み型医用デバイス。 - 埋込み型医用デバイスがステントである、請求項24に記載のデバイス。
- 連続相のすべて又は大部分がマトリックスコポリマーを含む、請求項24に記載のデバイス。
- 不連続相セグメントが人体温より低いTgを有する、請求項24に記載のデバイス。
- 不連続相セグメントがエラストマー官能基を含む、請求項24に記載のデバイス。
- 不連続相セグメントが、第1官能基よりも加水分解活性が大きい官能基を有する、請求項24に記載のデバイス。
- 第1官能基がL−ラクチドであり、第2官能基がグリコリドである、請求項24に記載のデバイス。
- 不連続相セグメントがカプロラクトン、トリメチレンカーボネート、及びグリコリドからなる群から選択されるモノマーを含む、請求項24に記載のデバイス。
- 改質剤ポリマーが、ポリ(グリコリド−co−ε−カプロラクトン)−b−ポリ(L−ラクチド)、ポリ(L−ラクチド)−b−ポリ(グリコリド−co−ε−カプロラクトン)、ポリ(グリコリド−co−ε−カプロラクトン)−b−ポリ(L−ラクチド−co−グリコリド)、ポリ(L−ラクチド−co−グリコリド)−b−ポリ(グリコリド−co−ε−カプロラクトン)、及びそれらの組合せからなる群から選択される、請求項24に記載のデバイス。
- バイオセラミック粒子がナノ粒子である、請求項24に記載のデバイス。
- バイオセラミック粒子が生体分解性である、請求項24に記載のデバイス。
- バイオセラミック粒子の分解生成物が、デバイスの使用中にマトリックスポリマー及び/又は改質剤ポリマーの分解速度を改変することができる、請求項24に記載のデバイス。
- バイオセラミック粒子が、硫酸カルシウム及びヒドロキシアパタイトからなる群から選択される、請求項24に記載のデバイス。
- バイオセラミック粒子の表面が接着促進剤を含み、接着促進剤が、マトリックス及び/又は改質剤ポリマーとバイオセラミック粒子の間の結合を強化する、請求項24に記載のデバイス。
- 粒子が、生理的条件において、デバイスの構造要素の靭性及び弾性率を増大させる、請求項24に記載のデバイス。
- 不連続相が、アンカーセグメントを含まない不連続相セグメントを含むコポリマーをさらに含む、請求項24に記載のデバイス。
- 構造要素の1〜40wt%が改質剤ポリマーを含む、請求項24に記載のデバイス。
- 構造要素を含む埋込み型医用デバイスであって、
構造要素は、L−ラクチド及びグリコリドのマトリックスコポリマーを含む連続相並びに連続相中の不連続相を含み、
コポリマーの大部分はL−ラクチドを含み、
不連続相は不連続相セグメントを有する改質剤ポリマーを含み、不連続相セグメントはマトリックスコポリマーと非相溶性であり、改質剤ポリマーはマトリックスコポリマーと相溶性のアンカーセグメントをさらに含み、
複数のバイオセラミック粒子が連続及び/又は不連続相中に分散している、埋込み型医用デバイス。
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US11/644,852 US8343530B2 (en) | 2006-05-30 | 2006-12-22 | Polymer-and polymer blend-bioceramic composite implantable medical devices |
US11/644,852 | 2006-12-22 | ||
PCT/US2007/088184 WO2008079894A2 (en) | 2006-12-22 | 2007-12-19 | Polymer-and polymer blend-bioceramic composite implantable medical devices |
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JP2010514474A true JP2010514474A (ja) | 2010-05-06 |
JP2010514474A5 JP2010514474A5 (ja) | 2011-01-27 |
JP5294273B2 JP5294273B2 (ja) | 2013-09-18 |
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EP (1) | EP2125067B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5294273B2 (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE495768T1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE602007012152D1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2008079894A2 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
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WO2020013602A1 (ko) * | 2018-07-13 | 2020-01-16 | 차의과학대학교 산학협력단 | 세라믹 나노입자를 포함하는 생분해성 스텐트 튜브 및 이의 제조방법 |
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ATE495768T1 (de) | 2011-02-15 |
WO2008079894A3 (en) | 2009-04-23 |
EP2125067B1 (en) | 2011-01-19 |
JP5294273B2 (ja) | 2013-09-18 |
DE602007012152D1 (de) | 2011-03-03 |
WO2008079894A2 (en) | 2008-07-03 |
EP2125067A2 (en) | 2009-12-02 |
US8343530B2 (en) | 2013-01-01 |
US20070282426A1 (en) | 2007-12-06 |
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