JP2010505790A - フェノキシジアミノピリミジン誘導体の合成方法 - Google Patents
フェノキシジアミノピリミジン誘導体の合成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2010505790A JP2010505790A JP2009530844A JP2009530844A JP2010505790A JP 2010505790 A JP2010505790 A JP 2010505790A JP 2009530844 A JP2009530844 A JP 2009530844A JP 2009530844 A JP2009530844 A JP 2009530844A JP 2010505790 A JP2010505790 A JP 2010505790A
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- sulfolane
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title description 5
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D239/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings
- C07D239/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D239/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D239/28—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D239/46—Two or more oxygen, sulphur or nitrogen atoms
- C07D239/48—Two nitrogen atoms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P1/04—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for ulcers, gastritis or reflux esophagitis, e.g. antacids, inhibitors of acid secretion, mucosal protectants
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- A61P13/02—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of urine or of the urinary tract, e.g. urine acidifiers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
- A61P13/08—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of the prostate
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Abstract
Description
式j
アンモニアで処理して、式k
〔式中、R1は、水素;ハロ;C2−3アルキニル;ハロ−C1−4アルキル;C1−4アルコキシ;ヒドロキシ;ハロ−C1-4アルコキシ;ヒドロキシ−C1−4アルコキシ;またはC2−3アルキニル−C1−4アルキルオキシである〕
の化合物を形成することを含む方法
を提供する。
「低級アルキル」は、1〜6個の炭素原子のアルキル基、即ちC1−C6アルキルを指す。アルキル基の例は、メチル、エチル、プロピル、イソプロピル、イソブチル、sec−ブチル、tert−ブチル、ペンチル、n−ヘキシル、オクチル、ドデシル等を含むがこれらに限定されない。
「アルキルアミノアルキル」は、メチルアミノメチル、メチルアミノエチル、メチルアミノプロピル、エチルアミノエチル等を含む。「ジアルキルアミノアルキル」は、ジメチルアミノメチル、ジメチルアミノエチル、ジメチルアミノプロピル、N−メチル−N−エチルアミノエチル等を含む。
例えば、塩酸、臭化水素酸、硫酸、硝酸、リン酸等の無機酸を用いて形成される酸付加塩;または、例えば、酢酸、ベンゼンスルホン酸、安息香酸、カンファースルホン酸、クエン酸、エタンスルホン酸、フマル酸、グルコヘプトン酸、グルコン酸、グルタミン酸、グリコール酸、ヒドロキシナフトエ酸、2−ヒドロキシエタンスルホン酸、乳酸、マレイン酸、リンゴ酸、マロン酸、マンデル酸、メタンスルホン酸、ムコン酸、2−ナフタレンスルホン酸、プロピオン酸、サリチル酸、コハク酸、酒石酸、p−トルエンスルホン酸、トリメチル酢酸等の有機酸を用いて形成される酸付加塩;または、
親化合物に存在する酸性プロトンが、金属イオン、例えば、アルカリ金属イオン、アルカリ土類イオン、またはアルミニウムイオンに置き換わっている時に形成される塩;または、有機もしくは無機塩基に配位する時に形成される塩を含む。許容される有機塩基は、ジエタノールアミン、エタノールアミン、N−メチルグルカミン、トリエタノールアミン、トロメタミン等を含む。許容される無機塩基は、水酸化アルミニウム、水酸化カルシウム、水酸化カリウム、炭酸ナトリウムおよび水酸化ナトリウムを含む。
したがって、特定の試薬または反応物の「溶液」は、そのような試薬または反応物のスラリーおよび分散体、ならびに溶液を包含することを意味する。「溶液」および「スラリー」は、本明細書中で互換的に使用されてもよい。
(i)病態を予防する、即ち、病態に暴露され得るまたは罹患し易いが、病態の症状を未だ経験していないまたは表出していない対象において、病態の臨床症状を発現しないようにさせること、
(ii)病態を阻害する、即ち、病態またはその臨床症状の発現を阻むこと、または、
(iii)病態を軽減する、即ち、病態またはその臨床症状の一時的または永続的な後退を発現させること、
を含む。
− 反応性スルホニルクロリド化合物jの暴露を最小化する容易に制御された溶液相添加工程;
− 発熱性アミノ分解反応の簡易温度制御;
− 既知組成の容易に単離可能な結晶質溶媒和物の生成;
− 均質相から脱溶媒和されたスルホンアミド遊離塩基kの熱力学的に安定した結晶質多形体の再現性のある真の結晶化;および
− 均質相から薬学的に関連のある塩の容易な調製。
を有利に提供する。
オキシ塩化リンで処理して、式jの化合物を形成する
ことをさらに含む。
クロロスルホン酸で処理して、式iの化合物を形成する
ことをさらに含む。
を、グアニジン試薬で処理して、式hの化合物を形成する
ことをさらに含む。
式ArNH2のアニリン試薬で処理して、式gの化合物を形成する
ことをさらに含む。
である。
ブレデリック試薬で処理して、式e1、e2の化合物、またはそれらの混合物を形成する
ことをさらに含む。
シアノメチルアルキル化剤で処理して、式cの化合物を形成する
ことをさらに含む。
メチルグリニャール試薬で処理し、続けて酸性条件下、パラジウム触媒の存在下で水素化を行って、式bの化合物を形成する
ことをさらに含む。
式j
スルホラン溶媒中で、メタノールの存在下、アンモニアで処理して、式k(式中、R1は本明細書中で定義した通りである)の化合物を形成することを含む方法
を提供する。好ましくはR1がメトキシである。
を提供する。好ましくはR1がメトキシである。
式h
スルホラン溶媒中で、クロロスルホン酸で処理して、続けてオキシ塩化リン、続けてメタノールの存在下のアンモニアで処理して、式kの化合物を形成することを含む方法
を提供する。
提供する(ここで、R1は本明細書中で定義した通りである)。
提供する(ここで、R1は本明細書中で定義した通りである)。
以下の実施例は、当業者が本発明をより明確に理解し、実施することができるために示されている。それらは、本発明の範囲を制限すると考えられるべきではなく、本発明の例示および代表例としてのみ考えられるべきである。
この実施例で使用される合成手順を、スキームBに概説する。
THF 79.0kg中の1−(2−ヒドロキシ−5−メトキシ−フェニル)−エタノン(10.0kg)の冷却した溶液に、反応混合物温度が25℃を超えないような割合で、THF中のMeMgClの3M溶液46.4kgを徐々に加えた。続けてMeMgCl溶液の添加を行って、反応混合物を、HPLC(高圧液体クロマトグラフィー)分析が、1−(2−ヒドロキシ−5−メトキシ−フェニル)−エタノンから2−(1−ヒドロキシ−1−メチル−エチル)−4−メトキシ−フェノールへの98%以上の変換(スキームDに図示していない)を示す点で、周囲温度で18時間撹拌した。次に、撹拌した溶液に、THF 3.5kg中に懸濁した10%パラジウム担持炭(1.02kg、50%水湿気)を加えた。反応混合物を冷却して、0.34気圧で水素雰囲気下に置いて、濃HCl(19.5kg)を、反応温度を25℃に維持しながら加えた。得られた混合物を周囲温度で18時間撹拌し、次に水44.4kgで処理して、セライトのベッドを介して濾過して、懸濁した触媒を除去した。フィルターケークをEtOAcですすいで、合わせた濾液を分離した。有機相を水で洗浄し、次に蒸留により濃縮して、油状物を提供した。この油状物を2−ブタノン(20.4kg)に溶解して、粗溶液を次の工程で直接用いた。溶液161.8gの一定分量を、減圧下で濃縮して、油状物として2−イソプロピル−4−メトキシフェノール49.5gを提供して、バルク2−ブタノン溶液中の粗含有生成物10.4kgを見込んだ。1H NMR(DMSO)δ:1.14(d、6H、J=6.9Hz)、3.18(septet、1H、J=6.9Hz)、3.65(s、3H)、6.56、(dd、1H、J=8.6Hz、3.1Hz)、6.67(d、1H、J=3.1Hz)、6.69(d、1H、8.6Hz)。
2−ブタノン79.7kg中のトルエン−4−スルホン酸シアノメチルエステル(13.0kg)、炭酸カリウム(13.0kg)および2−イソプロピル−4−メトキシフェノール(9.57kg)の撹拌したスラリーを、4日間、55−60℃に加熱して、次に加熱して18時間還流した。得られたスラリーを冷却して、濾過して固体を除去した。濾液を減圧下で濃縮して、残留物をトルエンに再溶解した。トルエン溶液を1N KOHで抽出して、有機相を蒸留により濃縮して、トルエン中の(2−イソプロピル−4−メトキシ−フェノキシ)−アセトニトリルの1:1(重量で)溶液20.6gを得て、それを次の工程で直接使用した。この溶液の一定分量(96.7g)を濃縮乾固して、粗(2−イソプロピル−4−メトキシ−フェノキシ)−アセトニトリル50.9gを得て、バルク溶液中に10.9kgが得られることを見込んだ:MS(M+H)=206;1H NMR(CDCl3)δ:1.25(d、J=6.9Hz)、3.31(septet、1H、J=6.9Hz)、3.82(s、3H)、4.76(s、2H)、6.73(dd.1H、J=8.8Hz、3.1Hz)、6.87(d、1H、J=3.1Hz)、6.91(d、1H、J=8.8Hz)。
トルエン中の(2−イソプロピル−4−メトキシ−フェノキシ)−アセトニトリルの約1:1(重量で)溶液10.6kgを減圧下で濃縮して、残留物をtert−ブトキシビス(ジメチルアミノ)メタン(ブレデリック試薬)10.8kgで処理した。得られた混合物をDMF 20.2kgに溶解して、溶液を2時間、110℃に加熱して、その時点で、HPLC分析が、3,3−ビス−ジメチルアミノ−2−(2−イソプロピル−4−メトキシ−フェノキシ)−プロピオニトリルに基本的に完全な変換を示した(単離しない、1H NMR(CDCl3)δ:1.21(d、3H、J=7.2Hz)、1.23(d、3H、J=7.1Hz)、2.46(s、6H)、2.48(s、6H)、3.43(d、1H、J=5.0Hz)、3.31(septet、1H、J=6.9Hz)、3.79(s、3H)、4.93(d、1H、J=5.0Hz)、6.70(dd、1H、J=8.8Hz、3.0Hz)、6.82(d、1H、J=3.0Hz)、6.98(d、1H、J=8.8Hz)。
DMF溶液を冷却して、塩酸アニリン14.7kg上に移した。得られた混合物を22時間、120℃に加熱して、その時点で、HPLC分析が、2−(2−イソプロピル−4−メトキシ−フェノキシ)−3−フェニルアミノ−アクリロニトリルに97%以上の変換を示した(単離しない、1H nmr(CDCl3)δ:1.31(d、6H、J=6.9Hz)、3.39(septet、1H、J=6.9Hz)、3.82(s、3H)、6.61(d(br)、1H、J=12.7Hz)、6.73(dd、1H、J=8.9Hz、3.1Hz)、6.88(d、1H、J=3.0Hz)、6.93(m、2H)、6.97(d、1H、J=8.9Hz)、7.05(m、1H)、7.17(d、1H、J=12.6Hz)、7.35(m.2H))。
混合物を冷却し、トルエン21.5kgで、次に水72.2Lで希釈した。有機層を分離し、水で洗浄して、蒸留により濃縮した。濃縮物をDMF 23.8kg中に移して、DMF溶液を炭酸グアニジン6.01kg上に移した。得られた混合物を3日間、120℃に加熱して、その時点で、HPLC分析は、2−(2−イソプロピル−4−メトキシ−フェノキシ)−3−フェニルアミノ−アクリロニトリルを5−(2−イソプロピル−4−メトキシ−フェノキシ)−ピリミジン−2,4−ジアミンに95%以上の変換を示した。
反応混合物を冷却し、EtOAc 7.8kgで希釈し、次に60℃に再加熱した。水(75.1L)を加えて、得られた混合物を放置して周囲温度に冷却した。沈殿した固体を濾過により回収し、イソプロパノールですすいで、50度、減圧下で乾燥させて、5−(2−イソプロピル−4−メトキシ−フェノキシ)−ピリミジン−2,4−ジアミン9.62kgを得た:融点170−171℃;MS(M+H)=275;1H nmr(クロロホルム)δ:1.25(d、6H、J=6.9Hz)、3.30(septet、1H、J=6.9Hz)、3.79(s、3H)、4.68(br、2H)、4.96(br、2H)、6.64(dd、1H、J=8.9Hz、3.0Hz)、6.73、d、J=8.9Hz)、6.85(d、1H、J=3Hz)、7.47(s、1H)。
クロロスルホン酸(13.82kg)を、スルホラン(50.0kg)中の5−(2−イソプロピル−4−メトキシ−フェノキシ)−ピリミジン−2,4−ジアミン(10.07kg)のスラリーに、内部ポット温度を65℃以下に保持する割合で加えた。反応混合物を60−65℃で12時間熟成させて、その時点で、HPCLは、全ての5−(2−イソプロピル−4−メトキシ−フェノキシ)−ピリミジン−2,4−ジアミン出発物質が5−(2,4−ジアミノ−ピリミジン−5−イルオキシ)−4−イソプロピル−2−メトキシ−ベンゼンスルホン酸に変換したことを示した。MS(M+H)=355。次に、オキシ塩化リン(3.41kg)を、反応混合に60℃で加えた。反応混合物を75℃に加熱して、12時間熟成させて、その時点で、HPLCは、5−(2,4−ジアミノ−ピリミジン−5−イルオキシ)−4−イソプロピル−2−メトキシ−ベンゼンスルホン酸の約99%が5−(2,4−ジアミノ−ピリミジン−5−イルオキシ)−4−イソプロピル−2−メトキシ−ベンゼンスルホニルクロリドに変換したことを示した。MS(M+H)=373。次に、5−(2,4−ジアミノ−ピリミジン−5−イルオキシ)−4−イソプロピル−2−メトキシ−ベンゼンスルホニルクロリドの溶液を2℃前後に冷却した。
MeOH(74.1kg)中のアンモニア(7N)の冷却した(およそ2℃)溶液に、内部温度が23℃を超えないような割合で、5−(2,4−ジアミノ−ピリミジン−5−イルオキシ)−4−イソプロピル−2−メトキシ−ベンゼンスルホニルクロリド(均質のシロップ)の冷却したスルホラン溶液を加えた。得られたスラリーを18時間、周囲温度で撹拌し、次に粗多孔性フリットフィルター上で濾過した。回収した固体をMeOH(15.9kg)ですすいで、次に70℃、減圧下で乾燥させて、一定重量23.90kgにした。HPLCは、5−(2,4−ジアミノ−ピリミジン−5−イルオキシ)−4−イソプロピル−2−メトキシ−ベンゼンスルホニルクロリドを5−(2,4−ジアミノ−ピリミジン−5−イルオキシ)−4−イソプロピル−2−メトキシ−ベンゼンスルホンアミドスルホラン溶媒和物に97.5%変換を示した。1H nmr(DMSO−d6)δ:1.26(d、6H、J=6.9Hz)、2.07(sym.m、8H)、2.99(sym.m、8H)、3.41(septet、1H、J=6.9Hz)、3.89(s、3H)、6.03(s(br)、2H)、6.58(s(br)、2H)、7.00(s、1H)、7.04(s(br)、2H)、7.08(s、1H)、7.35(s、1H)。
エタノール(74.3kg)および0.44N HCl(109.4kg)の混合物中の5−(2,4−ジアミノ−ピリミジン−5−イルオキシ)−4−イソプロピル−2−メトキシ−ベンゼンスルホンアミドスルホラン溶媒和物(23.86kg)のスラリーを、加熱し還流して、5−(2,4−ジアミノ−ピリミジン−5−イルオキシ)−4−イソプロピル−2−メトキシ−ベンゼンスルホンアミドの一塩酸塩の均質な溶液を提供した。この溶液を加熱する間に濾過して、次に濃水酸化アンモニウム(3.4L)で処理して、5−(2,4−ジアミノ−ピリミジン−5−イルオキシ)−4−イソプロピル−2−メトキシ−ベンゼンスルホンアミドの遊離塩基を遊離させた。得られた混合物をゆっくり20℃に冷却して、結晶質生成物を濾過により単離した。フィルターケークを水(20.1kg)で洗浄して、70℃、減圧下で乾燥させて、一定重量8.17kg(スルホランの二溶媒和物に基づいて57.7%収率)にした。融点=281−282℃。1H nmr(DMSO−d6)δ:1.27(d、6H、J=6.9Hz)、3.41(septet、1H、J=6.9Hz)、3.89(s、3H)、5.87(s(br)、2H)、6.40(s(br)、2H)、6.98(s、1H)、7.01(s(br)、2H)、7.07(s、1H)、7.36(s、1H)。
CHO−K1細胞に、クローン化したラットP2X3またはヒトP2X2/3レセプターサブユニットをトランスフェクトして、フラスコ中で代継した。FLIPR実験前の18−24時間、細胞をそれらのフラスコから放出し、遠心分離して、2.5×105細胞/mlで培養液中に再懸濁した。細胞を、50,000細胞/ウェルの密度で、黒壁96ウェルプレート中に等分して、一晩、5% CO2中に37℃で培養した。実験の当日、細胞をFLIPR緩衝液(カルシウム−およびマグネシウム−遊離ハンクス平衡化塩溶液、10mM HEPES、2mM CaCl2、2.5mM プロベネシド;FB)中で洗浄した。それぞれのウェルは、FB 100μlおよび蛍光色素Fluo−3 AM 100μl[2μM最終濃度]を受けた。37℃で色素装填培養1時間後、細胞をFBで4回洗浄して、最終75μl/ウェルFBがそれぞれのウェル中に残った。
試験化合物(10mMでDMSOに溶解して、FBで連続希釈した)または媒体をそれぞれのウェル(4X溶液25μl)に加えて、放置して20分間、室温で平衡化した。次に、プレートをFLIPRに入れて、基準蛍光性測定(488nmで励起および510−570nmで放出)を、100μl/ウェルアゴニストまたは媒体の添加前に10秒間で得た。アゴニストは、最終濃度1μM(P2X3)または5μM(P2X2/3)を生成するα,β−meATPの2X溶液であった。蛍光性を、アゴニスト添加後、1秒間隔でさらに2分間測定した。イオノマイシンの最終添加(5μM、最終濃度)を、FLIPR試験プレートのそれぞれのウェルに行って、細胞の生存および色素結合の細胞質カルシウムの最大蛍光性を確立した。α,β−meATPの添加(試験化合物の非存在下および存在下)に反応した蛍光性ピークを測定して、阻害曲線は非線形回帰を使用して起こした。PPADS、標準P2Xアンタゴニストを、陽性対照として使用した。
上記の手順を使用して、本発明の化合物は、P2X3レセプターに対して活性を示した。上記のアッセイを使用して、化合物5−(2,4−ジアミノ−ピリミジン−5−イルオキシ)−4−イソプロピル−2−メトキシ−ベンゼンスルホンアミドは、P2X3レセプターに対してpIC50 約7.93を示した。
Claims (8)
- 式jの化合物をアンモニアで処理することが、メタノールの存在下で行われる、請求項1の方法。
- 式jの化合物をアンモニアで処理することが、溶媒としてスルホランを使用して行われる、請求項1の方法。
- 式jの化合物をアンモニアで処理することが溶媒としてスルホランを使用して行われ、化合物kがスルホラン溶媒和物として単離される、請求項1の方法。
- 式k
の化合物またはその塩もしくは溶媒和物
(式中、R1は水素;ハロ;C2−3アルキニル;ハロ−C1−4アルキル;C1−4アルコシキ;ヒドロキシ;ハロ−C1−4アルコキシ;ヒドロキシ−C1−4アルコキシ;またはC2−3アルキニル−C1−4アルキルオキシである);
を製造する方法であって、
(a) 式a
の化合物またはその塩もしくは溶媒和物を、
メチルグリニャール試薬で処理して、続けてパラジウム触媒の存在下、酸性条件下で水素化を行って、式b
の化合物またはその塩もしくは溶媒和物を形成すること
(b) 式bの化合物を、
シアノメチルアルキル化剤で処理して、化合物c
またはその塩もしくは溶媒和物を形成すること
(c) 式cの化合物を、
ブレデリック試薬で処理して、
化合物e1、e2
もしくはその混合物またはその塩もしくは溶媒和物を形成すること
(d) 式e1、e2の化合物もしくはその混合物を、
式ArNH2のアニリン試薬で処理して、
式g
の化合物またはその塩もしくは溶媒和物
(式中、Arは場合により置換されたアリールまたは場合により置換されたヘテロアリールである)
を形成すること
(e) 式gの化合物を、
グアニジン試薬で処理して、
式h
の化合物またはその塩もしくは溶媒和物を形成すること
(f) 式hの化合物を、
クロロスルホン酸で処理して、
式i
の化合物またはその塩もしくは溶媒和物を形成すること
(g) 式iの化合物を、
オキシ塩化リンで処理して、
式j
の化合物またはその塩もしくは溶媒和物を形成すること、および
(h) 式jの化合物をアンモニアで処理すること
を含む方法。
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