JP2010220218A - 超音波プローブ向け多層インピーダンス整合構造 - Google Patents
超音波プローブ向け多層インピーダンス整合構造 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】超音波プローブ(106)向け音響スタック(270)は、上側と下側とがある圧電層(272)および整合層構造体(220)を形成する複数の整合層部分(222、224、226、228、230)を備える。整合層部分(222、230)のそれぞれが、第1の材料を含むばね層(234、236、238、240、242)および第1の材料と異なる第2の材料を含む質量層(244、246、248、250、252)を備える。圧電層(272)に最も接近して配置される整合層部分(222)内のばね層(234)は、その他の整合層部分(224〜230)内のばね層(236〜242)より薄い。
【選択図】図5
Description
したがって、集中定数回路200の例のインダクタンス(LS)および静電容量(CP)の値は、整合層部分222〜230の回線インピーダンス(ZL)(例えば音響インピーダンス)およびプローブ106の中心周波数の共振周波数ωrに基づくものである。4分の1波長効果は、(LS+CP)と(2×LS+CP)とのセルの連続した結合によって達成される。ZLは、選択されたインピーダンス値または所定のインピーダンス値でよく、あるいは以下でさらに論じるように、計算されたものでよい。
式3は、質量層の厚さ(Tmass)を、整合層インピーダンス(ZL)、重い材料すなわち質量(m)材料の特性およびばね(s)材料の特性、すなわち質量材料の波長(λm)、質量材料の音響インピーダンス(zm)、ならびにばね材料の音響インピーダンス(zs)の関数として示す。式4は、ばね層の厚さ(Tspring)を、整合層インピーダンス(ZL)およびばね(s)材料の特性、すなわちばね材料の波長(λs)、ならびにばね材料の音響インピーダンス(zs)の関数として示す。式3および式4は、整合層インピーダンスを変化させることにより整合層部分222〜230のそれぞれを説明するのに用いられてよい。
この式で、ZCは圧電層272の音響インピーダンスであり、ZRは放射媒体の音響インピーダンスであり、ωr(k)は圧電結合係数次第である共振周波数(パルセーション)であり、kは結合係数であり、Nは整合層部分の数であり、nは圧電層272からレンズ274に向けて数えてn番目の整合層部分に関するカウンタであり、ZmL_(N,n,k)はn番目の整合層部分の音響インピーダンスである。したがって、整合層部分222〜230の音響インピーダンスは、プローブ106の共振周波数(ωr)、圧電層272の音響インピーダンス(または、もし用いられるなら4分の1波長整合層の音響インピーダンス)およびレンズ274の音響インピーダンスの少なくとも1つに基づくものでよい。他の技術に関する様々な式を用いて、整合層部分222〜230の音響インピーダンスを求めてよいことを理解されたい。別の実施形態では、整合層部分222〜230の1つまたは複数向けに様々な材料が選択されてよい。例えば、比較的低いインピーダンスを有するばね材料がレンズ274に最も近い層に選択されてよく、その一方で、比較的高いインピーダンスを有する別のばね材料が圧電層272に最も近い整合層部分に選択されてよい。
102 送信器
104 要素
106 プローブ
108 受信器
110 ビームフォーマ
112 RFプロセッサ
114 メモリ
116 プロセッサモジュール
118 表示器
120 プローブポート
122 メモリ
124 ユーザインターフェース
130 小型化した超音波システム
132 プローブ
134 ユーザインターフェース
136 一体化された表示器
138 外部デバイス
140 ネットワーク
142 表示器
144 移動式超音波画像診断システム
146 可動ベース
148 ユーザインターフェース
150 プローブポート
152 制御ボタン
154 キーボード
156 トラックボール
170 ポケットサイズの超音波画像診断システム
172 表示器
174 ユーザインターフェース
176 医療用画像
178 プローブ
180 キーボード
182 押しボタン
184 多機能制御
186 ラベル表示領域
188 制御
200 集中定数回路
202 コイル
204 コイル
206 コイル
208 コンデンサ
210 コンデンサ
220 整合層構造体
222 第1の整合層部分
224 第2の整合層部分
226 第3の整合層部分
228 第4の整合層部分
230 第5の整合層部分
232 厚さ
234 ばね層
236 ばね層
238 ばね層
240 ばね層
242 ばね層
244 質量層
246 質量層
248 質量層
250 質量層
252 質量層
254 厚さ
256 厚さ
258 厚さ
260 厚さ
262 厚さ
264 厚さ
270 音響スタック
272 圧電層
274 レンズ
276 厚さ
278 下側
280 下側
282 上側
300 音響シミュレーション
302 音響シミュレーション
304 片方向伝送路
306 両方向伝送路
316 片方向伝送路
318 両方向伝送路
330 音響シミュレーション
332 音響シミュレーション
334 片方向伝送路
336 両方向伝送路
346 片方向伝送路
348 両方向伝送路
370 プローブの寸法形状および性能を定義する
372 ばね材料および質量材料を選択する
374 整合層部分の数を求める
376 各整合層部分の音響インピーダンスを求める
378 質量層およびばね層の厚さを求める
380 音響性能を計算する
382 性能は許容できるか?
400 音響スタック
402 整合層構造体
404 4分の1波長整合層
406 下側
408 上側
410 圧電層
412 上側
414 レンズ
Claims (10)
- 超音波プローブ(106)向け音響スタック(270)であって、
上側および下側を有する圧電層(272)と、
整合層構造体(220)を形成する複数の整合層部分(222、224、226、228、230)であって、前記整合層部分(222〜230)のそれぞれが、
第1の材料を含むばね層(234、236、238、240、242)、および
前記第1の材料と異なる第2の材料を含む質量層(244、246、248、250、252)を備え、
前記圧電層(272)に最も接近して配置される前記整合層部分(222)内の前記ばね層(234)が、他の前記整合層部分(224〜230)内の前記ばね層(236〜242)より薄い整合層部分(222〜230)とを備えることを特徴とする超音波プローブ(106)向け音響スタック(270)。 - 前記圧電層(272)に最も接近して配置される前記整合層部分(222)が、前記圧電層(272)から最も遠い前記整合層部分(230)の音響インピーダンスより大きい音響インピーダンスを備える請求項1記載の音響スタック(270)。
- 前記第1の材料が前記第2の材料より低密度である請求項1記載の音響スタック(270)。
- 前記圧電層(272)と前記整合層構造体(220)との間および前記整合層構造体(220)とレンズ(274)との間のうち1つに配置された4分の1波長整合層部分(404)をさらに備える請求項1記載の音響スタック(270)。
- 前記整合層部分(222〜230)内で前記ばね層(234〜242)の厚さ(256)が、前記圧電層(272)からの前記整合層部分(222〜230)の距離の増加につれて増加し、前記整合層部分(222〜230)内で前記質量層(244〜252)の厚さ(254)が、前記圧電層(272)からの前記整合層部分(222〜230)の距離の増加につれて減少する請求項1記載の音響スタック(270)。
- 超音波プローブ(106)向け音響スタック(270)の整合層構造体(220)を形成する方法であって、
下側(278)にばね層(234)を備え、かつ上側(282)に質量層(244)を備える第1の整合層部分(222)を形成するステップであって、前記第1の整合層部分(222)の前記下側(278)が、圧電層(272)および4分の1波長整合層(404)のうちの1つに付着するように構成され、前記ばね層(234)がばね材料を含み、前記質量層(244)が、前記ばね材料より高いインピーダンスを有する質量材料を含む、第1整合層形成ステップと、
下側(280)にばね層(236)を備え、かつ上側に質量層(246)を備える少なくとも1つの追加の整合層部分(224)を形成するステップであって、前記追加の整合層部分(224)の前記下側(280)が、前記第1の整合層部分(222)の前記上側(282)に付着するように構成され、前記ばね層(236)が前記ばね材料を含み、前記質量層(246)が前記質量材料を含むステップとを含む、ことを特徴とする音響スタック(270)の整合層構造体(220)の形成方法。 - 前記第1の整合層部分(222)および前記追加の整合層部分(224)の音響インピーダンスを求めるステップ(376)と、
前記音響インピーダンスおよび前記質量材料の少なくとも1つの材料特性および前記ばね材料の材料特性に基づいて、前記質量層(244、246)の厚さ(254、258)を求めるステップ(378)とをさらに含む請求項6記載の方法。 - 前記第1の整合層部分(222)および前記追加の整合層部分(224)の音響インピーダンスを求めるステップ(376)と、
前記音響インピーダンスおよび前記ばね材料の少なくとも1つの材料特性に基づいて、前記ばね層(234、236)の厚さ(256、260)を求めるステップ(378)とをさらに含む請求項6記載の方法。 - 前記ばね材料が関連する音響インピーダンスを有し、前記質量材料が関連する音響インピーダンスおよび材料波長を有し、前記質量材料の前記材料波長、前記質量材料の前記音響インピーダンスおよび前記ばね材料の前記音響インピーダンスに基づいて前記質量層(244、246)の厚さを求めるステップ(378)をさらに含む請求項6記載の方法。
- 前記ばね材料が、関連する音響インピーダンスおよび材料波長を有し、前記ばね材料の前記材料波長、前記ばね材料の前記音響インピーダンスに基づいて前記ばね層(234、236)の厚さ(256、260)を求めるステップ(378)をさらに含む請求項6記載の方法。
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