JP2010218770A - 色素増感型太陽電池及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
【解決手段】受光面の側から、透明基板11と、透明導電膜12と、色素を含有するn型半導体電極14と、p型半導体層15,16とを層状に備えると共に、さらにp型半導体層15,16に対し、p型半導体層15,16に向く側の表面に多数の突起部17aを形成した対極17を積層した。
【選択図】図1
Description
また、環境温度等の変化によりn型半導体電極またはp型半導体層が形状変化してクラックが発生する場合においては、n型半導体電極の孔部に挿入された突起部が、クラックを止めることができる。このため、n型半導体電極またはp型半導体層が剥離することを防止することができ、電池としての耐久性を向上させることができる。
また、本手段によって製造した色素増感型太陽電池は、対極に形成した多数の突起部により、対極の表面積を大きくすると共にn型半導体電極と対極との距離を短くすることができる。このため、色素から発生した正孔の対極への移動距離を短くして、対極に正孔をより早く取り出すことができるようになり、電池性能が高くなる。
また、本手段により製造した色素増感型太陽電池は、対極の突起部のうち少なくとも一部の突起部の先端がn型半導体の孔部に挿入されているため、n型半導体電極とp型半導体層との距離がより短くなり、電池性能が高まる。さらに、環境温度等の変化によりn型半導体電極が形状変化してクラックが発生する場合には、n型半導体電極の孔部に挿入された突起部がクラックを止めることができるため、n型半導体電極が剥離することを防止することができ、電池としての耐久性が高くなる。
まず、透明基板11の上に透明導電膜12を形成する。透明導電膜12は、例えば、CVD、スパッタリング等により作製することができる。透明導電膜12の上には、バリア層13を形成する。バリア層13は、例えば、Ti(OCH2CH3)4、Ti(OCH(CH3)2)4等のTiO2前駆体の溶液を透明導電膜12の上にスピンコート等で塗布した後、ゾル−ゲル合成、真空加熱、アニーリング等を行うことにより、作製することができる。
次に、Ti(OCH(CH3)2)4と水とを容積比4:1で混合した溶液5mlを、塩酸塩でpH1に調整されたエチルアルコール溶液40mlと混合し、TiO2前駆体の溶液を調製した。そして、この溶液を、TCOガラス基板上に1000rpmでスピンコートし、ゾル−ゲル合成を行った後、真空下で78℃、45分間加熱し、450℃、30分間のアニーリングを行い、酸化チタン薄膜からなるバリア層13を形成した。
次に、エタノールに、粘度調整剤としてのエチルセルロースを濃度が10重量%となるように溶解させた溶液と、アルコール系有機溶媒(ターピネオール)とを上記で調製した酸化チタンのスラリーに添加し、再度、ホモジナイザーで均質に分散させた。この後、ターピネオール以外のアルコールをエバポレータで除去し、ミキサーで混合して、ペースト状の酸化チタン粒子含有組成物を調製した。尚、調製した酸化チタン粒子含有組成物の組成は、酸化チタン粒子含有組成物を100重量%として、酸化チタン粒子が20重量%、粘度調整剤が5重量%であった。
上記の実施形態においては、対極17の突起部17aの先端部をn型半導体電極14の孔部に挿入させた例を説明したが、例えば、図2に示すように、突起部17aがn型半導体電極14の孔部に挿入されないように構成することもできる。この場合においても、上記の実施形態と同様に、n型半導体電極14と対極17との間の正孔の移動距離が短くなり、発生した正孔を対極17により早く取り出すことが可能になるため、電池としての出力を向上させることができる。
11 透明基板
12 透明導電膜
14 n型半導体電極
15 p型半導体層
16 p型半導体膜
17 対極
17a 突起部
Claims (7)
- 受光面の側から、透明基板と、透明導電膜と、色素を含有するn型半導体電極と、p型半導体層とを層状に備えると共に、
さらに当該p型半導体層に対し、当該p型半導体層に向く側の表面に多数の突起部を形成した対極を積層してある色素増感型太陽電池。 - 前記多数の突起部が、前記対極の表面から成長させた金属酸化物のナノワイヤである請求項1に記載の色素増感型太陽電池。
- 前記多数の突起部を前記p型半導体層でコーティングしてある請求項1または2に記載の色素増感型太陽電池。
- 前記n型半導体電極が多孔質に構成してあり、前記多数の突起部のうち少なくとも一部の突起部の先端が、前記n型半導体電極の孔部に挿入されている請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の色素増感型太陽電池。
- 透明基板の一方の側に、透明導電膜と、色素を含有するn型半導体電極と、p型半導体層とをこの順で積層させた後、当該p型半導体層に対し、当該p型半導体層に向く側の表面を酸化処理して当該表面から多数の突起部を成長させた対極を積層する色素増感型太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記対極は、前記多数の突起部を前記p型半導体層でコーティングした後、積層する請求項5に記載の色素増感型太陽電池の製造方法。
- 透明基板の一方の側に、透明導電膜と、色素を含有すると共に多孔質に構成したn型半導体電極とをこの順で積層させた後、当該n型半導体電極に対し、当該n型半導体層に向く側の表面を酸化処理して当該表面から多数の突起部を成長させると共に、当該多数の突起部をp型半導体層でコーティングした対極を積層し、前記多数の突起部のうち少なくとも一部の突起部の先端を、前記n型半導体電極の孔部に挿入させる色素増感型太陽電池の製造方法。
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