JP2010115653A - 水の脱塩 - Google Patents
水の脱塩 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2010115653A JP2010115653A JP2010002901A JP2010002901A JP2010115653A JP 2010115653 A JP2010115653 A JP 2010115653A JP 2010002901 A JP2010002901 A JP 2010002901A JP 2010002901 A JP2010002901 A JP 2010002901A JP 2010115653 A JP2010115653 A JP 2010115653A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 188
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 4
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 241000239290 Araneae Species 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000009285 membrane fouling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035622 drinking Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000021321 essential mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009967 tasteless effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002952 polymeric resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/06—Energy recovery
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/10—Accessories; Auxiliary operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D65/08—Prevention of membrane fouling or of concentration polarisation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
- B01D2321/12—Use of permeate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】塩の通路を画成する複数の逆浸透膜を有する全体として円筒形のフィルタエレメント30へ50ないし65バールの圧力で揚水するポンプを含む脱塩装置10。フィルタエレメント30のすぐ上流には、中に複数の穴を備えた円盤40がある。円盤40は障害部材を形成し、これは、その上流側と下流側との間で圧力降下を生じる。これはまた、水の流れを一連の別個の水流に分割し、これらの流れがフィルタエレメントの端部に当たり、塩の通路へ流入する。障害部材の下流の水は、障害部材の上流の水より低い圧力にあるばかりでなく、乱流としても流れる。円盤40およびフィルタエレメント30は円筒形のケーシング12内にある。
【選択図】図1A
Description
12 ケーシング
30 フィルタエレメント
40 円盤
44 穴
Claims (3)
- ケーシングと、
該ケーシング内にあって浸透管に取り付けられてこれをらせん状に巻回する複数の葉の形をなす逆浸透膜を含み、それぞれらせん形の複数の塩水通路および複数の浸透通路を画成するフィルタエレメントと、
被脱塩水を該フィルタエレメントへ送るポンプと、
前記ケーシング内にあって該ポンプおよび前記逆浸透膜の間の水の流路に位置する板とを含み、
該板は、水の流れの障害となり、その中に複数の穴を有し、該複数の穴は、断面が円形であり、これによって一連の水の流れが前記板の下流に生じ、該水の流れは、前記巻回した逆浸透膜の端部にはいって前記塩水通路に流れ込み、
前記板は、流れる水に乱流を導入し、圧力降下を発生させ、該板に生ずる圧力降下および該板によって前記水に導入された乱流によって、該水に溶け込んだ気体が気泡として現れ、該気泡は、前記水の流れにおいて前記塩水通路にはいり、前記板の下流の水は、その中にある該気泡とともに前記巻回された葉状の塩水通路にはいると該板の上流の水より低圧になり、その流れは乱流の形をなすことを特徴とする逆浸透脱塩装置。 - 請求項1に記載の装置において、前記板は円盤を含み、前記複数の穴は、該円盤の中心の周りに形成されたらせんの形に配列されていることを特徴とする脱塩装置。
- 請求項1に記載の装置において、前記板は円盤を含み、前記複数の穴は、各中心が該円盤の中心と整列する一連の円に配列されていることを特徴とする脱塩装置。
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ZA9510608 | 1995-12-13 | ||
ZA95/10608 | 1996-10-15 | ||
ZA968693 | 1996-10-15 | ||
ZA96/8693 | 1996-10-15 |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP52185197A Division JP4575527B2 (ja) | 1995-12-13 | 1996-12-13 | 水の脱塩 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2010115653A true JP2010115653A (ja) | 2010-05-27 |
JP5244134B2 JP5244134B2 (ja) | 2013-07-24 |
Family
ID=27143021
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP52185197A Expired - Fee Related JP4575527B2 (ja) | 1995-12-13 | 1996-12-13 | 水の脱塩 |
JP2010002901A Expired - Fee Related JP5244134B2 (ja) | 1995-12-13 | 2010-01-08 | 水の脱塩 |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP52185197A Expired - Fee Related JP4575527B2 (ja) | 1995-12-13 | 1996-12-13 | 水の脱塩 |
Country Status (35)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US6139750A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0869918B1 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP4575527B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR19990072093A (ja) |
AP (1) | AP944A (ja) |
AR (1) | AR004383A1 (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE235426T1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU708794B2 (ja) |
BG (1) | BG63750B1 (ja) |
BR (1) | BR9612002A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2240324C (ja) |
CY (1) | CY2202B1 (ja) |
CZ (1) | CZ295196B6 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69627018T2 (ja) |
DK (1) | DK0869918T3 (ja) |
EA (1) | EA000617B1 (ja) |
EE (1) | EE04184B1 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2193279T3 (ja) |
GB (1) | GB2323313B (ja) |
GE (1) | GEP20032892B (ja) |
HK (1) | HK1015344A1 (ja) |
IL (1) | IL124825A (ja) |
IS (1) | IS2151B (ja) |
MY (1) | MY124462A (ja) |
NO (1) | NO318111B1 (ja) |
NZ (1) | NZ323995A (ja) |
OA (1) | OA10798A (ja) |
PE (1) | PE39297A1 (ja) |
PL (1) | PL193614B1 (ja) |
PT (1) | PT869918E (ja) |
SK (1) | SK284090B6 (ja) |
TR (1) | TR199801054T2 (ja) |
TW (1) | TW353625B (ja) |
UA (1) | UA57595C2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1997021630A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2017073279A1 (ja) * | 2015-10-29 | 2017-05-04 | 日東電工株式会社 | スパイラル型分離膜モジュール |
Families Citing this family (58)
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ATE235426T1 (de) * | 1995-12-13 | 2003-04-15 | Garfield Int Invest Ltd | Wasserentsalzung |
MX245299B (en) * | 1998-02-27 | 2007-04-24 | Large tube assemblies for reverse osmosis | |
EP1029583B1 (en) * | 1998-06-18 | 2010-09-15 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Spiral reverse osmosis membrane element, reverse osmosis membrane module using it, device and method for reverse osmosis separation incorporating the module |
US6432310B1 (en) * | 1999-01-22 | 2002-08-13 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Methods of running and washing spiral wound membrane module |
US6533937B1 (en) * | 1999-01-22 | 2003-03-18 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Methods of running and washing spiral wound membrane modules |
JP2000271460A (ja) * | 1999-01-22 | 2000-10-03 | Nitto Denko Corp | スパイラル型膜モジュールを用いた処理システムおよび処理方法 |
CO5241319A1 (es) * | 1999-03-29 | 2003-01-31 | Garfield Int Invest Ltd | Cartuchos de osmosis invertida y membranas de osmosis invertida |
US6783682B1 (en) * | 1999-08-20 | 2004-08-31 | L.E.T., Leading Edge Technologies Limited | Salt water desalination process using ion selective membranes |
US6885114B2 (en) | 1999-10-05 | 2005-04-26 | Access Business Group International, Llc | Miniature hydro-power generation system |
FR2802508B1 (fr) * | 1999-12-20 | 2002-02-15 | Dessalator | Systeme de dessalinisation d'eau de mer pour bateau |
KR100399252B1 (ko) * | 2001-06-12 | 2003-09-26 | 차원량 | 까나리 액젓 제조 폐기물의 처리방법 |
US6860068B2 (en) * | 2001-06-26 | 2005-03-01 | John J. Halloran | Potential energy storage system |
US20030230531A1 (en) * | 2002-06-13 | 2003-12-18 | Hydranautics And Nitto Denko Corporation | Method for reducing boron concentration in high salinity liquid |
AU2003248687B2 (en) * | 2002-06-13 | 2008-08-21 | Hydranautics | Methods for reducing boron concentration in high salinity liquid |
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US7081205B2 (en) * | 2002-10-08 | 2006-07-25 | Water Standard Company, Llc | Mobile desalination plants and systems, and methods for producing desalinated water |
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