JP2010018234A - Four crawler type working vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a working vehicle with high running-through performance in an ill-drained paddy field. <P>SOLUTION: This 4 crawler type tractor 1 is supported by crawler type travel devices 10, 11, respectively arranged in the front and rear of a travel machine body 2 in right and left pairs. These crawler type travel devices 10, 11 are structured with crawlers 31, 32 wound onto driving sprockets 16, 17, front and rear idler wheels 23, 25, 26, 27, and rolling wheels 29, 30. The front crawler type travel device 10 arranged on the front side of the machine body is structured by bending the front side of a track frame 21. The front idler wheel 23 is arranged at height ≥1/2 of the full height of the front crawler type travel device 10 (H<SB>2</SB>≥H<SB>1</SB>/2), and moreover, the rear idler wheel 25 is arranged at height ≤1/2 of the full height of the front crawler type device 10 (H<SB>2</SB>≥H<SB>1</SB>/2). <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a four-crawler type working vehicle including a pair of left and right crawler traveling devices on the front and rear of the machine body, for example, a 4-crawler type tractor, and more particularly, to a configuration of a front crawler traveling device provided at the front of the machine body.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a four-crawler type working vehicle having a pair of left and right triangular crawler traveling devices on the front and rear of the airframe has a four-bar linkage mechanism in which the front and rear portions of the track frame are connected to the vehicle body by links, The distance between the frame side mounting part and the rear link truck frame side mounting part is set smaller than the distance between the front link body side mounting part and the rear link body side mounting part. (See Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent No. 3705513

  When the four-cylinder link as described in Patent Document 1 is provided in the triangular crawler traveling device, the crawler traveling device swings to the rear side of the machine body when climbing over the unevenness of the field, and the obstacle can be easily overcome. However, in the case of wet fields where the crawler traveling device travels while being buried to a certain depth, the front part of the crawler traveling device pushes mud, which acts as a resistance and poor linearity and travels with a large horsepower loss. was difficult. Further, since pressure is always applied from the field in the direction of rotating the crawler travel device forward, an excessive load is applied to a mechanism for preventing tripping such as the four-bar linkage mechanism.

  Accordingly, the present invention provides a front idler wheel of a front crawler device that is disposed at a height that is at least half of the total height of the front crawler travel device, and is formed by a front idler wheel and a lower roller. An object of the present invention is to provide a four-crawler type working vehicle that solves the above-described problems by increasing the elevation angle of the front part of the crawler.

The invention according to claim 1 includes a drive sprocket (16, 17) mounted on an axle (14, 18), and front and rear idler wheels disposed at end portions of track frames (21, 22) provided below the drive sprocket (16, 17). 23, 25, 26, 27) and a crawler traveling device (10, 11) having a crawler (31, 32) wound around the wheels (29, 30) provided on the track frame (21, 22). In the four-crawler type working vehicle (1) provided with a pair of left and right before and after the fuselage,
Of the crawler traveling devices (10, 11), the track frame (21) of the front crawler traveling device (10) provided at the front of the traveling machine body (2) can swing up and down around the axle (14). And the front idler wheel (23) to be mounted on the track frame (21) is at least half the height (H ₂ ) of the total height (H ₁ ) of the front crawler travel device (10). ), And the elevation angle (α) of the front part of the crawler formed by the front idler wheel (23) and the lower wheel (29) is increased.
The four-crawler type work vehicle (1) is characterized by the above.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the rear idler wheel (25) of the front crawler traveling device (10) has a height that is less than or equal to one half of the total height (H ₁ ) of the front crawler traveling device (10). (H ₃ ), and the entire shape of the crawler (31) is formed in a substantially rhombus in a side view.
It exists in the 4 crawler type work vehicle (1) of Claim 1.

  In addition, although the code | symbol etc. in a parenthesis is for contrast with drawing, it does not have any influence on a claim by this.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the front idler wheel of the front crawler traveling device is disposed at a height position that is one-half or more of the total height of the front crawler traveling device, so that the elevation angle of the front end portion is increased. Even when traveling on a wetland, the mud was not pushed at the front end of the front crawler traveling device, and the traveling resistance was greatly reduced. Therefore, the running performance in a wetland such as a wetland can be improved, and the front crawler running device can be prevented from swinging forward due to mud resistance and being unable to run.

  According to the invention according to claim 2, by making the rear idler wheel of the front crawler traveling device less than one half of the total height, the ground contact area of the front crawler traveling device can be increased, and the wet ground such as wet fields can be increased. Since the crawler traveling device sinks less in the area, the traveling performance is improved.

  Embodiments according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, a tractor 1 as a working vehicle according to the present invention has an engine (not shown) covered with a bonnet 3 in front of a traveling machine body 2 and behind the engine. A cabin 5 is provided, and a driving operation unit 7 and a driving seat 9 including a steering handle 6 and the like are disposed in the cabin 5.

  The traveling machine body 2 is supported by front crawler traveling apparatuses 10 and 10 and rear crawler traveling apparatuses 11 and 11, and the above-described tractor 1 is a crawler traveling apparatus that is disposed in a pair of left and right on the front and rear of the body. This is a 4-crawler tractor driven by 10, 10, 11, 11.

  These crawler traveling devices 10, 10, 11, and 11 are supported by final cases 15 and 15 that are connected to the left and right sides of a transmission case 13 as a front axle housing 12 and a rear axle housing, respectively. Drive sprockets 16 and 17 attached to the axles 14 and 18 at the front ends, and track frames 21 and 22 attached to lower ends of holders 19 and 20 that slidably swing from the final cases 15 and 15 in the longitudinal direction of the machine body. Front and rear idler wheels 23, 25, 26, 27 provided at the front and rear ends, and a plurality of rollers 29 attached below the track frames 21, 22 between the front and rear idler wheels 23, 25, 26, 27.・ Crawlers 31 and 32 are wound around 30 ... It is configured Te.

  Further, below the track frames 21 and 22, crawler guides 33 and 35 for preventing the crawlers 31 and 32 from being detached from the rolling wheels 29 and 30 are provided. The idler wheels 23, 25, 26, and 27 are oriented in the axial direction.

  Next, the front crawler traveling device 10 which is a main part of the present invention will be described in detail. As shown in FIG. 1, the track frame 21 of the front crawler traveling device 10 is formed to bend toward the upper side of the fuselage in the vicinity of the upper side of the rolling wheel (front grounding wheel) 29 a disposed at the front end of the fuselage. A front idler wheel 23 is rotatably attached to the front end of the bent track frame 21.

Since the front idler wheel 23 is attached to the tip of the track frame 21 bent upward, the front idler wheel 23 is positioned at a height H ₂ that is more than one half of the total height H ₁ of the front crawler traveling device 10. and _{(H 2 ≧ H 1/2} ), is configured as an elevation of the crawler front formed by the rolling wheel 29a disposed on the front idler wheel 23 and the vehicle body front α increases.

On the other hand, the rear idler wheel 25 is attached to the rear end portion of the track frame 21 extending in parallel in the longitudinal direction of the machine body, and its height H ₃ is less than half of the total height H ₁ of the front crawler traveling device 10. becomes _{(H 1/2 ≧ H 3} ) are arranged so as, in the elevation angle alpha, and the rear upper inclined surface 31b of the crawler 31 which is formed by the rear idler wheel 25, the angle between the field surface It is adjusted to be almost the same as β.

  Therefore, the inclined surface 31a below the front part of the crawler 31 and the inclined surface 31b above the rear part are in a substantially parallel relationship, and the front crawler traveling device 10 has a generally rhombus (substantially parallelogram) shape as a whole. It has become. Since these front and rear idler wheels 23 and 25 are in the positional relationship as described above, the angle (front part) of the crawler 31 from the front idler wheel 23 to the line parallel to the front-rear direction of the traveling machine body 2 is directed downward. The receding angle of the crawler 31 relative to the idler wheel 23 is larger than the angle γ toward the upper side of the crawler 31 (the entering angle of the crawler 31 relative to the front idler wheel 23) γ (θ ≧ γ), and the rear idler wheel 25 The angle Φ of the crawler 31 facing upward with respect to a line parallel to the longitudinal direction of the traveling machine body is larger than the angle ε facing downward of the crawler (Φ> ε).

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the crawler guide 33 of the front crawler traveling device 10 is arranged and guided between a concave portion provided at the center in the width direction of the wheels 29a and 29b and the core metal of the crawler. The guide portion 33a includes an attachment stay portion 33b that protrudes upward from the guide portion 33a and is attached to the lower portion of the track frame 21. The attachment stay portion 33b is attached to the middle of the guide portion 33a in the front-rear direction. Thus, the guide portion 33a is formed to be symmetrical (same length) (a = b) across the mounting stay portion 33b.

  The wheels 29a and 29b are offset from the axle center toward the front side of the fuselage, and the distance c between the wheel 29a on the front end side of the fuselage and the axle center is equal to the wheel (rear part) on the rear end side of the fuselage. The distance between the ground contact wheel 29b and the axle center is larger (c> d). Due to the arrangement of the wheels 29a and 29b offset to the front of the fuselage, the crawler guide 33 is also offset to the front of the fuselage, and the mounting stay 33b is attached to the track frame 21 on the front side of the fuselage from the axle center. It has been.

  Further, the front crawler traveling device 10 has a full length in the longitudinal direction of the machine body so that the front end does not protrude from the bumper 36, and between the front end of the crawler 31 and the front end of the bumper 36, A constant interval L is maintained. Further, a fender 37 for preventing mud splash is disposed above the fender 37.

  The front crawler traveling device 10 is supported by the above-described final case 15, and the final case 15 is connected to the front axle housing 12 via a kingpin case 39 as shown in FIG.

  The front axle housing 12 includes a differential device 40 that distributes power from the engine to the left and right and differential shafts 41 and 41 that extend from the differential device 40 to the left and right. Power is transmitted to the king pin 42 by meshing the gears 41a and 42a at the tip.

  The kingpin 42 is housed in a kingpin case 39, and the kingpin case 39 is fixed to the front axle housing 12. Further, an intermediate case 15a constituting the final case 15 is connected to the kingpin case 39 so as to be rotatable left and right about the kingpin 42. The intermediate case 15a includes the front axle 14 and bearings 14a and 14b. A support case 15 b that is rotatably mounted via the bolt 43 is integrally connected. The intermediate case 15a and the support case 15b constitute a final case 15. In the front axle transmission system, the power from the engine is transmitted through the differential shaft 41 and the king pin 42 by the engagement of the gears 41a, 42a, 42b, and 14c. The final case 15 is transmitted to the axle 14 and can be rotated left and right about the king pin 42 by a knuckle arm 45 attached to the intermediate case 15a.

  Further, a spline portion 14d is provided at the outer end portion of the front axle 14, and a front axle boss 46 formed separately from the front axle 14 is spline fitted and rotated by a plate 47 and a bolt 49. It is impossible and cannot be removed. The front sprocket 16 is divided into two parts and is attached to the flange portion 46a of the front axle boss 46 by bolts 16a.

  Further, on the inner side of the front sprocket 16 disposed at the outer end of the front axle 14, a holder 19 connected to the track frame 21 is fitted to the outer peripheral portion of the support case 15 b, and the holder 19 The crawler traveling device 10 is supported so as to be swingable.

  The holder 19 is secured by the plate 51 being attached to the support case 15b with bolts 52, and a thrust liner 53 and a bush 55 are interposed between the holder 51 and the support case 15b, with the front axle 14 being the center. The support case 15b is provided so as to be able to swing back and forth.

  The oil seal 56 that keeps the support case 15b in an oil-tight shape forms a labyrinth shape together with the retaining plate 51 of the holder 19 and the front axle 14, thereby improving the durability thereof.

  The support case 15b is provided with a grease nipple 57 for supplying lubricating grease between the bush 55 and the support case 15b, and the flange nip 46a of the front axle boss 46 is provided with the grease nipple 57. A grease supply hole 46b for inserting a grease gun for injecting grease is provided. Furthermore, both ends of the bush 55 are sealed with a dust seal 59 to prevent grease from flowing out and dust from flowing in.

  Next, the operation of the 4-crawler type tractor 1 according to this embodiment will be described. When the operator gets into the cabin 5, the engine is started and power is transmitted to the drive sprockets 16, 17 of the front and rear crawler traveling devices 10, 10, 11, 11, and the tractor is operated by these four crawler traveling devices 10, 11. Run 1

  When the tractor 1 enters the wet field for work such as tilling and plowing, it will smoothly run by the crawler travel devices 10, 10, 11 and 11 having a large contact area. However, if this wet field is a super wet field with particularly weak ground, It will sink to a certain depth.

  When the crawler traveling devices 10, 10, 11, and 11 are driven in a state where they are submerged to a certain depth, the front end portions of the front and rear crawler traveling devices are submerged in the mud in the case of a normal 4-crawler type tractor. Therefore, the mud is pushed by the inclined surface above the front part of the crawler and receives a large running resistance, and the crawler running devices 10, 10, 11, 11 are swung forward by the mud resistance, However, the front crawler traveling devices 10 and 10 of the tractor 1 have a front idler wheel 23 that is more than half of the total height of the front crawler traveling device 10. Since the inclined surface 31a of the crawler 31 is long upward and the elevation angle α is large, the crawler 31 is driven without swinging forward.

  Moreover, since the rear crawler traveling devices 11 and 11 travel on the field that has been stepped and solidified by the front crawler traveling device 10, they can travel as they are without sinking, and the operator can perform crawler traveling devices 10 and Drive 10, 11, and 11 and drive in a super wet field.

  When the tractor 1 is traveling straight, the driving force of the front crawler traveling devices 10 and 10 is made larger than that of the rear crawler traveling devices 11 and 11 so that the front crawler traveling devices 10 and 10 travel with tension. However, when turning, conversely, the driving force of the front crawler traveling devices 10 and 10 is insufficient with respect to the rear crawler traveling devices 11 and 11, and the front crawler traveling devices 10 and 10 are connected to the rear crawler traveling devices 11 and 11. , And the moment is exerted in the direction in which it is pushed by the rear crawler travel devices 11, 11 and pivots forward to the front crawler travel devices 10, 10.

  The front crawler traveling devices 10 and 10 are affected by the reaction force from the wheels 29a and 29b arranged offset to the front side of the machine body even if a moment in the direction of turning forward is applied during turning. Rotate smoothly in a grounded state without swinging forward.

As described above, by configuring the tractor 1, the front idler wheel 23 of the front crawler traveling device 10 is disposed at a height H ₂ that is one-half or more of the total height H ₁ of the front crawler traveling device 10. Since the elevation angle α of the front crawler traveling device 10 is increased, the front end portion of the front crawler traveling device 10 is not buried in mud even in the super wet field, and the slope 31c in the upper part of the front portion of the crawler 31 pushes the mud and travel resistance The front crawler traveling device 10 does not swing forward due to mud resistance.

Further, since the rear idler wheel 25 of the front crawler traveling units 10, by which is arranged to the total height H ₁ of the height H ₃ of the front crawler traveling units 10, increasing the contact area of the front crawler traveling units 10, The sinking in the wet field can be reduced, and the traveling performance of the tractor 1 in the wet field can be significantly improved in combination with the reduction of the running resistance by mud pushing.

  Further, by arranging the rollers 29a and 29b of the front crawler traveling device 10 so as to be offset to the front side, when turning, the peripheral speed does not catch up with the peripheral speed of the rear crawler traveling device and is pushed from the rear. However, since the moment received from the ground has increased, it is possible to turn with the grounded wheels uniformly grounded without swinging forward in the airframe. In addition, the size of the front crawler traveling device does not change as a whole, and since the contact length does not become longer than necessary, it is possible to maintain a good turning property and to have a compact configuration, and for the wetland traveling, the minimum necessary Can be ensured.

  Furthermore, the crawler guide 33 of the front crawler travel device 10 is provided symmetrically about the mounting stay 33b, so that the same crawler guide 33 is used for both the left and right crawler travel devices 10 and 10. In addition, it is possible to reduce the cost by making the parts common, and it is possible to eliminate the mistake of combining the left and right crawler guides.

A side view of a tractor concerning an embodiment of the invention. The front view of the tractor which concerns on embodiment of this invention. The top view of the tractor which concerns on embodiment of this invention. (A) Side view of crawler guide of front crawler traveling device according to the present invention, (b) Plan view of crawler guide of front crawler traveling device according to the present invention, (c) Front crawler traveling device according to the present invention. Front view of the crawler guide. The principal part sectional drawing of the front axle transmission system which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1 Tractor (4 crawler type work vehicle)
2 traveling machine body 10 front crawler traveling device 11 rear crawler traveling devices 14, 18 axles 16, 17 drive sprockets 21, 22 track frames 23, 25 front idler wheels 26, 27 rear idler wheels 29, 30 rollers 31, 32 crawlers H ₁ Overall height of front crawler traveling device H ₂ Height of front idler wheel of front crawler traveling device H ₃ Height of rear idler wheel of front crawler traveling device α Elevation angle of crawler front

Claims (2)

A crawler traveling device in which a crawler is wound around a drive sprocket mounted on an axle, front and rear idler wheels disposed at an end of a track frame provided below, and a wheel provided on the track frame. In the 4 crawler type work vehicle provided with a pair of left and right respectively before and after
Among the crawler traveling devices, the front crawler traveling device track frame provided at the front of the traveling machine body is supported so as to be swingable up and down around the axle, and a front idler wheel to be mounted on the track frame is provided. It is disposed at a height of one half or more of the total height of the front crawler traveling device, and the elevation angle of the front portion of the crawler formed by the front idler wheel and the lower wheel is taken large.
A four-crawler working vehicle characterized by the above. The rear idler wheel of the front crawler traveling device is disposed at a height that is less than or equal to one half of the total height of the front crawler traveling device, and the overall shape of the crawler is configured as a substantially rhombus in a side view.
The 4-crawler type working vehicle according to claim 1.

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