JP2010006695A - 改質粘土および粘土−高分子複合材料 - Google Patents
改質粘土および粘土−高分子複合材料 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 200
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical class [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical group O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- FSYKKLYZXJSNPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sarcosine Chemical group C[NH2+]CC([O-])=O FSYKKLYZXJSNPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 sericite Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005349 anion exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 108010077895 Sarcosine Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960000686 benzalkonium chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- CADWTSSKOVRVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl(dimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[NH+](C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 CADWTSSKOVRVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002088 nanocapsule Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004709 Chlorinated polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- HPTYUNKZVDYXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;trihydroxy(trihydroxysilyloxy)silane;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al].[Al].O[Si](O)(O)O[Si](O)(O)O HPTYUNKZVDYXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052621 halloysite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021647 smectite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- LEHFSLREWWMLPU-UHFFFAOYSA-B zirconium(4+);tetraphosphate Chemical class [Zr+4].[Zr+4].[Zr+4].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LEHFSLREWWMLPU-UHFFFAOYSA-B 0.000 claims description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical group O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims 1
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- ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxypropan-2-ol Chemical compound COCC(C)O ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910010199 LiAl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- ZEVWQFWTGHFIDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=1N=CNC=1C(O)=O ZEVWQFWTGHFIDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 8
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 101710134784 Agnoprotein Proteins 0.000 description 2
- XRLNADFPTAJXDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N C=O.CNCC(=O)O Chemical compound C=O.CNCC(=O)O XRLNADFPTAJXDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007974 melamines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- BPXVHIRIPLPOPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris(2-hydroxyethyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound OCCN1C(=O)N(CCO)C(=O)N(CCO)C1=O BPXVHIRIPLPOPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XYHKNCXZYYTLRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-imidazole-2-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=NC=CN1 XYHKNCXZYYTLRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BNCADMBVWNPPIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-n,2-n,4-n,4-n,6-n,6-n-hexakis(methoxymethyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound COCN(COC)C1=NC(N(COC)COC)=NC(N(COC)COC)=N1 BNCADMBVWNPPIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NXKOSHBFVWYVIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-n-(butoxymethyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound CCCCOCNC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 NXKOSHBFVWYVIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KFVIYKFKUYBKTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-n-(methoxymethyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound COCNC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 KFVIYKFKUYBKTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTRPRMNBTVRDFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-n-methyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound CNC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 CTRPRMNBTVRDFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYKCUAPYWQDIKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(1h-imidazol-1-yl)phenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1N1C=NC=C1 CYKCUAPYWQDIKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N C60 fullerene Chemical class C12=C3C(C4=C56)=C7C8=C5C5=C9C%10=C6C6=C4C1=C1C4=C6C6=C%10C%10=C9C9=C%11C5=C8C5=C8C7=C3C3=C7C2=C1C1=C2C4=C6C4=C%10C6=C9C9=C%11C5=C5C8=C3C3=C7C1=C1C2=C4C6=C2C9=C5C3=C12 XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004609 Impact Modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910013553 LiNO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WQJUXXKWIKZLQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [(4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-(methoxymethyl)amino]methanol Chemical compound COCN(CO)C1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 WQJUXXKWIKZLQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006352 cycloaddition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002013 dioxins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound O=C.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQKXQUJXLSSJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine cyanurate Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1.O=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)N1 ZQKXQUJXLSSJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002715 modification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012766 organic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=O VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007342 radical addition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K21/00—Fireproofing materials
- C09K21/14—Macromolecular materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/20—Silicates
- C01B33/36—Silicates having base-exchange properties but not having molecular sieve properties
- C01B33/38—Layered base-exchange silicates, e.g. clays, micas or alkali metal silicates of kenyaite or magadiite type
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/20—Silicates
- C01B33/36—Silicates having base-exchange properties but not having molecular sieve properties
- C01B33/38—Layered base-exchange silicates, e.g. clays, micas or alkali metal silicates of kenyaite or magadiite type
- C01B33/44—Products obtained from layered base-exchange silicates by ion-exchange with organic compounds such as ammonium, phosphonium or sulfonium compounds or by intercalation of organic compounds, e.g. organoclay material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B9/00—Cellulose xanthate; Viscose
- C08B9/02—Sulfidisers; Dissolvers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/346—Clay
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/04—Ingredients treated with organic substances
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
- C08K3/045—Fullerenes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L63/00—Compositions of epoxy resins; Compositions of derivatives of epoxy resins
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/92—Fire or heat protection feature
- Y10S428/921—Fire or flameproofing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
- Y10T428/252—Glass or ceramic [i.e., fired or glazed clay, cement, etc.] [porcelain, quartz, etc.]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】改質粘土は、加熱された場合にフリーラジカルを生成することができる共役二重結合を有する改質剤を層間挿入した層状粘土材料からなる。また、粘土−高分子複合材料は、高分子材料と改質粘土とからなり、改質粘土は、高分子材料中に分散しており、かつ、その少なくとも一部が剥離している。ここで、改質剤は、加熱された場合にフリーラジカルを生成し、高分子材料の熱分解や燃焼により生成されるフリーラジカルを捕捉して、高分子材料のさらなる熱分解や燃焼を防止する。
【選択図】図3C
Description
C60による粘土(モンモリロナイト)の改質
まず、C60粉末を改質した。10gのC60を0.414gのホルムアルデヒドと2.416gのN−メチルグリシンとを含む溶液に添加した。次いで、この溶液を110℃で2時間還流し、乾燥させて、改質C60粉末を得た。この改質C60粉末を、さらに、16.7mLの0.1N HClと5.934gの塩化ベンザルコニウムとを含む溶液に添加し、攪拌して、改質剤を形成した。
イミダゾールによる層状複水酸化物(LDH)の改質
まず、層状複水酸化物(本実施例では、[LiAl2]LDH)を形成した。7.28gのLiNO3・3H2Oと78.82gのAl(NO3)3・9H2Oとの混合物を400mLの脱イオン水に溶解した後、50.4gのNaOHを添加した。この混合物を1時間攪拌し、この混合物のpH値を13に維持した。次いで、この混合物を100℃のオートクレーブに24時間入れた。この混合物を繰り返して遠心分離し、底部の粘土を洗浄し、乾燥させ、粉砕して、[LiAl2]LDHの粉末を得た。得られた層状複水酸化物は、約420meq/100gの陰イオン交換能を有していた。
C60による粘土(モンモリロナイト)の改質
実施例3は、実施例1と同様である。実施例3と実施例1との主な差異は、実施例3において、層状粘土材料を改質するために、塩化ベンザルコニウムを用いなかったことである。
イミダゾールによる層状複水酸化物(LDH)の改質
実施例4は、実施例2と同様である。実施例4と実施例2との主な差異は、実施例4で用いた層状複水酸化物は、Mg−Al−LDHであって、[LiAl2]LDHではないことである。
LOI=[酸素の容積/(酸素の容積+窒素の容積)]×100
Claims (22)
- 改質剤を層間挿入した層状粘土材料からなる改質粘土であって、該改質剤が加熱された場合にフリーラジカルを生成することができる共役二重結合を有することを特徴とする改質粘土。
- 前記改質剤が炭素−炭素間の二重結合、炭素−窒素間の二重結合、窒素−窒素間の二重結合、炭素−酸素間の二重結合、または、それらの組合せを有する請求項1記載の改質粘土。
- 前記層状粘土材料が天然粘土または合成無機層状材料である請求項1または2記載の改質粘土。
- 前記改質剤が300℃以上に加熱された場合にフリーラジカルを生成する請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の改質粘土。
- 前記改質剤が340〜450℃に加熱された場合にフリーラジカルの大部分を生成する請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の改質粘土。
- 前記層状粘土材料が陽イオン交換型の無機層状材料または陰イオン交換型の無機層状材料である請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の改質粘土。
- 前記層状粘土材料がスメクタイト粘土、バーミキュライト、ハロイサイト、絹雲母、雲母、層状復水酸化物(LDH)、リン酸ジルコニウム誘導体、または、それらの組合せである請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の改質粘土。
- 前記改質剤の層間隔が13Å以上である請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の改質粘土。
- 前記改質剤が改質C60、改質カーボンナノカプセル、改質カーボンナノチューブ、改質グラファイト、または、それらの組合せである請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の改質粘土。
- 前記改質剤がホルムアルデヒドおよびN−メチルグリシンにより改質されている請求項9記載の改質粘土。
- 前記改質剤がホルムアルデヒド、N−メチルグリシンおよび塩化ベンザルコニウムにより改質されている請求項9記載の改質粘土。
- 前記改質剤がイミダゾール化合物、メラミン化合物、または、それらの組合せである請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の改質粘土。
- 前記層状粘土材料が50〜300meq/100gの陽イオン交換能を有する請求項1〜12のいずれか1項に記載の改質粘土。
- 前記層状粘土材料が50〜1,000meq/100gの陰イオン交換能を有する請求項1〜12のいずれか1項に記載の改質粘土。
- 高分子材料と請求項1記載の改質粘土とからなる粘土−高分子複合材料であって、該改質粘土が該高分子材料中に分散しており、かつ、その少なくとも一部が剥離しており、改質剤が加熱された場合にフリーラジカルを生成し、該高分子材料の熱分解や燃焼により生成されるフリーラジカルを捕捉して、該高分子材料のさらなる熱分解や燃焼を防止することを特徴とする粘土−高分子複合材料。
- 前記高分子材料の熱分解温度が250〜500℃である請求項15記載の粘土−高分子複合材料。
- 前記改質剤が300℃以上加熱された場合にフリーラジカルを生成する請求項15または16記載の粘土−高分子複合材料。
- 前記改質剤が340〜450℃で加熱された場合にフリーラジカルを生成する請求項15〜17のいずれか1項に記載の粘土−高分子複合材料。
- 前記高分子材料が熱硬化性高分子、熱可塑性高分子、または、それらの組合せである請求項15〜18のいずれか1項に記載の粘土−高分子複合材料。
- 前記高分子材料がエポキシ樹脂、ナイロン、ポリウレタン、ポリスチレン、ポリエチレン、塩素化ポリエチレン、または、それらの組合せである請求項15〜19のいずれか1項に記載の粘土−高分子複合材料。
- 前記粘土−高分子複合材料の平均放熱率が、改質粘土を含まない高分子材料と比較すると、50〜150kw/m2だけ低い請求項15〜20のいずれか1項に記載の粘土−高分子複合材料。
- 前記粘土−高分子複合材料の限界酸素指数が、改質粘土を含まない高分子材料と比較すると、3〜10だけ高い請求項15〜21のいずれか1項に記載の粘土−高分子複合材料。
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TW097123485A TWI379860B (en) | 2008-06-24 | 2008-06-24 | Modified clay and clay-polymer composite |
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KR20210042850A (ko) * | 2019-10-10 | 2021-04-20 | 주식회사 경동원 | 고난연성 유기 변성 나노 입자, 이를 포함하는 유무기 복합 합성수지 및 그 가공품 및 이의 제조방법 |
KR20210042763A (ko) * | 2019-10-10 | 2021-04-20 | 주식회사 경동원 | 고난연성 유기 변성 실리케이트를 이용한 유무기 복합 합성수지 및 이의 제조방법 |
KR102346106B1 (ko) | 2019-10-10 | 2022-01-03 | 주식회사 경동원 | 고난연성 유기 변성 실리케이트를 이용한 유무기 복합 합성수지 및 이의 제조방법 |
US11530314B2 (en) | 2019-10-10 | 2022-12-20 | Kyung Dong One Corporation | Method for manufacturing both organic-inorganic composite synthetic resin containing highly flame-retardant organically modified nanoparticle and processed product thereof |
US11530315B2 (en) | 2019-10-10 | 2022-12-20 | Kyung Dong One Corporation | Highly flame-retardant organically modified nanoparticle, organic-inorganic composite synthetic resin containing the same and processed product thereof |
KR102528597B1 (ko) * | 2019-10-10 | 2023-05-08 | 주식회사 경동원 | 고난연성 유기 변성 나노 입자, 이를 포함하는 유무기 복합 합성수지 및 그 가공품 및 이의 제조방법 |
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FR2932793A1 (fr) | 2009-12-25 |
US8871339B2 (en) | 2014-10-28 |
FR2932793B1 (fr) | 2013-08-09 |
GB2461172A (en) | 2009-12-30 |
GB0910847D0 (en) | 2009-08-05 |
DE102009030248B4 (de) | 2020-07-09 |
DE102009030248A1 (de) | 2009-12-31 |
TWI379860B (en) | 2012-12-21 |
JP5049318B2 (ja) | 2012-10-17 |
US20090317627A1 (en) | 2009-12-24 |
TW201000538A (en) | 2010-01-01 |
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