JP2009544667A - 四級アンモニウム化合物を含む組成物 - Google Patents
四級アンモニウム化合物を含む組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2009544667A JP2009544667A JP2009521280A JP2009521280A JP2009544667A JP 2009544667 A JP2009544667 A JP 2009544667A JP 2009521280 A JP2009521280 A JP 2009521280A JP 2009521280 A JP2009521280 A JP 2009521280A JP 2009544667 A JP2009544667 A JP 2009544667A
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- oil
- water emulsion
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Abstract
Description
「カチオン性エマルジョン」とは、プラスのゼータ電位、好ましくは10mVより高いゼータ電位を有するエマルジョンである。
「アルキル」とは、飽和または不飽和炭化水素鎖を意味する。
「長いアルキル鎖」とは、少なくとも12個の炭素原子を有するアルキル部分である。
「四級アンモニウム化合物」とは、その窒素原子が、少なくとも12個の炭素原子を有する、1つのみまたは少なくとも1つのアルキル基で置換されているアンモニウムハライドを指す。四級アンモニウム化合物にはまた、限定するものではないが、塩化ベンザルコニウムとも呼ばれる、n-アルキルジメチルベンジルアンモニウムクロライド(以下、BAKまたはADBACとも称される);n-アルキルジメチルベンジルアンモニウムブロマイド;n-アルキルトリメチルアンモニウムブロマイド(TABとも称される)が含まれ、n-アルキルは、少なくとも12個の炭素原子のアルキル基を意味する。
「C14-アルキルアンモニウムハライド」とは、アンモニウム基の窒素原子が、少なくとも14個の炭素原子を有する少なくとも1つのアルキル基で置換されているアンモニウムハライドを意味する。
「BAK C12」とは、塩化ベンゾドデシニウム(CAS 139-07-1)を指す。
「BAK C14」とは、塩化ミリスタルコニウム(CAS 139-08-2)を指す。
「BAK C16」とは、セタルコニウムクロリドまたはCKC(CAS 122-18-9)を指す。
「ATAB C12」とは、ラウリルトリメチルアンモニウムブロマイド(CAS 1119-94-4)を指す。
「ATAB C14」とは、ミリスチルトリメチルアンモニウムブロマイド(CAS 1119-97-7)を指す。
「ATAB C16」または「CTAB」とは、セチルトリメチルアンモニウムブロマイド(CAS 57-09-0)を指す。
「MCT」とは、中鎖トリグリセリドを意味する。実験で使用したMCTは、Mygliol 812(Sasol、Germany)であった。
「ND」とは、「判定せず」を意味する。
a)油相、
b)エマルジョンの重量の0.0005重量%〜0.1重量%、好ましくは0.001〜0.02重量%の、上記の本発明によるアンモニウムハライドの組成物、
c)界面活性剤、
d)場合により、酸化防止剤、等張化剤、増粘剤、pH調整剤、緩衝剤、防腐剤、可溶化剤、キレート剤または増粘剤、
e)水
を含む。
- その窒素原子が、少なくとも14個の炭素原子、好ましくは14または16個の炭素原子を有する、1種のみまたは少なくとも1種のアルキル基で置換されている、総組成物の重量の少なくとも20重量%のアンモニウムハライド、および
- その窒素原子が、少なくとも16個の炭素原子を有する1種のみまたは少なくとも1種のアルキル基で置換されている、総組成物の重量の5重量%超、好ましくは7重量%超のアンモニウムハライド
を含む。
エマルジョン処方におけるすべての濃度は、異なる指示がなければ、重量/製剤全体の重量で表される。
エマルジョン中に取り込まれ場合の四級アミンの毒性の低減
材料:
方法
アルビノウサギに5分ごとに1滴(50μl)を15回投与した。
15回の点眼後の結膜における発赤の開始時間を評価した(図1)。PBSは、すべての点眼期間中なんら発赤を誘発しなかった(データ図示せず)。BAK Solは、非常に速く、最初の点眼後約10〜15分(2〜3滴後)で結膜の発赤を誘発した。BAK Em、CKC Solを点眼した群は、点眼剤の最初の点眼後約25〜35分(5〜7滴後)で発赤を示した。CKC Emは、この実験のほとんど最後、最初の点眼後60〜65分(12〜13滴後)で眼に見える発赤を示した。
本発明のエマルジョンの安定性
1.エマルジョン組成物
いくつかのエマルジョンを以下に説明する:
このエマルジョンの油相および水相(これらは、活性成分を含んでも含まなくてもよい)を別々に適当な温度まで加熱してもよい。この温度は、両方の場合同じであってもよい。界面活性剤を油相、水相または両方に溶解してもよい。先ず粗いエマルジョンをマグネティック撹拌によって生成し、この液滴サイズを高せん断混合、高圧ホモジナイズ化、または両方によって減少させる。
a)エマルジョン液滴サイズ
この油滴の平均直径をHigh Performance Particle Sizer HPPS 5001型(Malvern Instruments、Worcestershire、UK)を用いて、動的光散乱法によって測定した。このエマルジョンを再蒸留水で希釈後、測定を25℃で実施する。
表1および表2のエマルジョンは、MCT 2%、チロキサポール0.3%およびポロクサマー188 0.1%およびグリセロール2.25%およびBAKの組成物を含む;BAKの濃度は、このエマルジョンの重量に対して0.001〜0.1重量%の範囲である。
ゼータ電位は、Zetasizer 2000、Malvern Instruments Ltd、UKなどのゼータメーターによって測定することができる。エマルジョン液滴表面のゼータ電位は、電気泳動易動度によって測定される。このエマルジョンを再蒸留水中に1:250に希釈後、測定を25℃で実施する。この電気泳動易動度は、スモルコウスキーの式を介してゼータ電位値に変換される。以下の表およびグラフは、QAの濃度増加におけるゼータ電位(表面電荷を示す)の発現を示す。より親油性の(より長い)鎖長に対して、プラスの電荷に、より迅速に、かつより低濃度で達することを観察することができ、油滴表面内での優先的な分配を示唆している。
このエマルジョンの安定性は、その様相の発現(視覚的スコアが13(最良のアスペクト)から1から全相の分離にわたる)によって評価することができる。
Claims (24)
- エマルジョンの重量の0.0005〜0.1重量%のC16-アルキル四級アンモニウムハライドを含む水中油型エマルジョン。
- チロキサポールをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の水中油型エマルジョン。
- 鉱油、ヒマシ油またはMCTを含む油相をさらに含む、請求項1または2に記載の水中油型エマルジョン。
- 前記C16-アルキル四級アンモニウムハライドが、C16-アルキルベンジルアンモニウムハライド、好ましくは、C16-アルキルベンジルジメチルアンモニウムハライド、好ましくはBAK C16である、請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の水中油型エマルジョン。
- 鉱油相が重質鉱油と軽質鉱油の混合物である、請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の水中油型エマルジョン。
- ポロクサマーをさらに含む、請求項1から5のいずれかに記載の水中油型エマルジョン。
- 緩衝剤および/または少なくとも1種の等張化剤を含む、請求項1から6のいずれかに記載の水中油型エマルジョン。
- 等張化剤がマンニトールである、請求項7に記載の水中油型エマルジョン。
- 等張化剤がグリセロールである、請求項7に記載の水中油型エマルジョン。
- プラスのゼータ電位を有する、請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の水中油型エマルジョン。
- 100〜500nmの液滴サイズを有する、請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の水中油型エマルジョン。
- 防腐処理される、請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載の水中油型エマルジョン。
- 防腐処理されない、請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載の水中油型エマルジョン。
- 軽質鉱油および重質鉱油、チロキサポール、ポロクサマー188、マンニトールならびにセタルコニウムクロリドを含む、請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載の水中油型エマルジョン。
- 軽質鉱油および重質鉱油、チロキサポール、ポロクサマー188、グリセロールならびにセタルコニウムクロリドを含む、請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載の水中油型エマルジョン。
- 低張性である、請求項1から15のいずれか一項に記載の水中油型エマルジョン。
- 溶液の重量に対して同じ重量の、同じC16-アルキル四級アンモニウムハライドを含む溶液より毒性が少ない、請求項1から16のいずれか一項に記載の水中油型エマルジョン。
- エマルジョンの重量の0.01〜0.1重量%のBAKを含むエマルジョンより毒性が少なく、前記BAKは、USまたは欧州薬局方の規格を遵守しているC12、C14およびC16-アルキル四級アンモニウムハライドの混合物である、請求項1から16のいずれか一項に記載の水中油型エマルジョン。
- アルビノウサギの結膜に、5分ごとに液滴を投与して、50μlを9滴投与するまで、好ましくは11滴を投与するまで、より好ましくは13滴を投与するまで発赤を誘発しない、請求項1から16のいずれか一項に記載の水中油型エマルジョン。
- 活性成分、好ましくはシクロスポリンをさらに含む、請求項1から19のいずれか一項に記載の水中油型エマルジョン。
- 眼部使用に適したゲルの形態で患者に供給される、請求項1から20のいずれか一項に記載の水中油型エマルジョン。
- 請求項1から21のいずれか一項に記載の水中油型エマルジョンを含む薬物。
- ドライアイ治療用の眼部組成物を調製するための、請求項1から21のいずれか一項に記載のエマルジョンの使用。
- 請求項1から19のいずれか一項に記載の第1のエマルジョンおよびシクロスポリンを含む第2のエマルジョンを含む、ドライアイ治療用のキット。
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EP06291236.5A EP1891939B1 (en) | 2006-07-28 | 2006-07-28 | Compositions containing quaternary ammonium compounds |
US11/494,493 US20080026013A1 (en) | 2006-07-28 | 2006-07-28 | Compositions containing quaternary ammonium compounds |
EP07112097 | 2007-07-09 | ||
EP07112097.6 | 2007-07-09 | ||
PCT/IB2007/053441 WO2008035246A2 (en) | 2006-07-28 | 2007-07-10 | Compositions containing quaternary ammonium compounds |
IBPCT/IB2007/053441 | 2007-07-10 | ||
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JP2015521182A (ja) * | 2012-05-15 | 2015-07-27 | エフ.ホルツァー ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | 薬物のための眼科用ビヒクルシステム、眼科用キットおよび眼科用組成物の使用 |
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