JP2009509299A - 加熱準備型水素生成燃料電池システム - Google Patents
加熱準備型水素生成燃料電池システム Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は一般に水素生成燃料電池システムに係り、特に熱的に準備された(加熱準備型)水素生成領域を備える水素生成燃料処理システムの分野に関する。
12 燃料処理装置
14 生成物水素ストリーム
16 フィードストリーム
17 水
18 炭素含有原料
19 水素生成領域
20 アウトプットストリーム
22 原料配送システム
23 水蒸気改質触媒
24 精製領域
26 水素リッチストリーム
28 副産物ストリーム
30 水素選択膜
32 一酸化炭素化学的除去アセンブリ
38 圧力スイング吸着システム
40 燃料電池スタック
42 燃料電池システム
44 燃料電池
46 エネルギー消費装置
48 普通端版
50 水素貯蔵装置
52 エネルギー貯蔵装置
54 流量調整構造
56 電力管理モジュール
58 コントローラー
68 空気配送アセンブリ
70 加熱格納アセンブリ
72 内部区画
84 エンクロージャー
86 壁
88 内面
90 外面
92 フィードストリームポート
94 生成物水素ポート
96 空気注入管ポート
98 排気ポート
100 流体管
102 気化領域
104 ハウジング
110 加熱アセンブリ
112 電気ヒーター
114 熱源
116 加熱流体ストリーム
118 空気ストリーム
120 燃焼領域
122 燃焼燃料ストリーム
124 点火装置または他の適当な発火源
130 電源
140 加熱アセンブリ
142 燃料ストリーム
144 燃料ストリーム
200 主電源
Claims (32)
- 改質触媒を含む水素生成領域を備えた燃料処理アセンブリであって、前記水素生成領域は少なくとも炭素含有原料と水を含むフィードストリームをうけとりかつ該フィードストリームから主成分として水素ガスを含む改質ストリームを生成するように構成されている、燃料処理アセンブリと;
酸化剤と前記水素生成領域にて生成された水素ガスを含む燃料ストリームとを受け取るように構成され、さらに前記燃料ストリームと前記酸化剤から出力電力を生成するように構成された燃料電池スタックと;
前記燃料処理アセンブリの少なくとも水素生成領域を含む内部区画を画定するエンクロージャーを含む格納構造と;
燃料電池システムが出力電力を生成せずかつ前記燃料処理アセンブリが改質ストリームを生成しない間、前記格納構造の少なくとも内部区画を閾値温度でまたはそれ以上に加熱し、維持するように構成された加熱アセンブリと;
を備えた、加熱準備型水素生成燃料電池システム。 - 前記燃料電池スタックは、運用負荷を満たすように構成された主電源が運用負荷を満たす出力電力を提供しないときに、エネルギー消費装置からの運用負荷を満たすように出力電力を供給するように構成された、請求項1に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記加熱アセンブリは、主電源がエネルギー消費装置からの運用負荷を満たすように設定されたときに、主電源によって電力を供給されるように構成された、請求項2に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記主電源は配電網を備える、請求項2に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記加熱アセンブリは、燃料処理アセンブリが水素ガスを生成しているときに、内部区画の加熱を止めるように構成された、請求項2に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記燃料処理アセンブリは第二の加熱アセンブリをさらに備え、第二の加熱アセンブリはエンクロージャーの内部に配置され、燃料ストリームを受け取り、燃焼させるように構成された、請求項5に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記第二の加熱アセンブリは、燃料処理アセンブリが水素ガスを生成しているときに、少なくとも燃料処理アセンブリの水素生成領域に熱を提供するように構成された、請求項6に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記燃料ストリームはガス状の燃料ストリームである、請求項6に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記ガス状の燃料ストリームは燃料処理アセンブリによって生成された水素ガスを含む、請求項8に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記水素生成領域が閾値温度であるときに、該水素生成領域にフィードストリームが運ばれたならば、該水素生成領域はフィードストリームから水素ガスを生成するように構成された、請求項1に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記炭素含有原料はメタノールであり、前記閾値温度は少なくとも350℃である、請求項10に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記炭素含有原料は炭化水素であり、前記閾値温度は少なくとも700℃である、請求項10に記載の燃料電池システム。
- エンクロージャーは少なくとも内部区画の一部を画定する内面と外面を有する絶縁された筐体であって、さらに前記閾値温度が少なくとも350℃であるときに、エンクロージャーは外面を100℃よりも低い温度に維持するように構成された、請求項1に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記閾値温度が少なくとも350℃であるときに、エンクロージャーは外面を50℃よりも低い温度に維持するように構成された、請求項13に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記燃料処理アセンブリはさらに、改質ストリームの少なくとも一部を受け取ると共に、前記改質ストリームに存在する、少なくとも一つの高濃度の水素ガスと少なくとも一つの他の低濃度のガスとを有する生成物水素ストリームとを生成するように構成された少なくとも一つの精製領域を備える、請求項1に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記燃料処理アセンブリは内部区画内に少なくとも一つの精製領域を備える、請求項15に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記燃料処理アセンブリはエンクロージャーの外部に少なくとも一つの精製領域を備える、請求項15に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記燃料電池システムはさらに、燃料電池システム及びエネルギー消費装置の少なくとも一方からの運用負荷を満たすように構成されたエネルギー貯蔵装置を備える、請求項1に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記燃料電池システムは、燃料処理アセンブリが加熱アセンブリによって少なくとも閾値温度に加熱されたときに、燃料処理アセンブリを用いて水素ガスを生成し、かつ、燃料処理アセンブリによって生成された水素ガスから出力電力を生成するための熱準備型レスポンスタイムを有し、エネルギー貯蔵装置はある一定時間の間、運用負荷を満たすように構成された最大電荷を有し、さらにこの時間は前記熱的に準備されたレスポンスタイムよりも大きい、請求項18に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記燃料電池システムは、燃料処理アセンブリが加熱アセンブリによって閾値温度に加熱されていないときに、水素ガスから出力電力を生成し始めるためのスタートアップレスポンスタイムを有し、さらに前記時間はスタートアップレスポンスタイムよりも小さい、請求項19に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 改質触媒を含む水素生成領域を備えた燃料処理アセンブリであって、水素生成領域は少なくとも炭素含有原料と水を含むフィードストリームをうけとりかつフィードストリームから主成分として水素ガスを含む改質ストリームを生成するように構成されている燃料処理アセンブリと;
前記改質ストリームの少なくとも一部を受け取り、改質ストリームよりも高い水素純度からなる生成物水素ストリームと副産物ストリームとに分離するように構成された精製領域と;
酸化剤と水素生成領域にて生成された水素ガスを含む燃料ストリームを受け取り、さらに燃料ストリームと酸化剤から出力電力を生成するように構成された燃料電池スタックと;
前記燃料処理アセンブリの少なくとも水素生成領域と精製領域を含む内部区画を画定する絶縁されたエンクロージャーを備える格納構造と;
燃料電池システムが出力電力を生成せずかつ前記燃料処理アセンブリが改質ストリームを生成しない間、前記格納構造の少なくとも内部区画を少なくとも350℃の閾値温度でまたはそれ以上に加熱し、維持するように構成され、前記燃料電池システムが少なくとも出力電力を生成しない時は、燃料電池システムによって電力を供給されない加熱アセンブリと;
を備える、熱的に準備された水素生成燃料電池システム。 - 前記加熱アセンブリは、電気加熱アセンブリである、請求項21に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記燃料電池システムは、さらに少なくとも副産物ストリームを受け取り、燃焼させるように構成された第二の加熱アセンブリを備え、さらに第二の加熱アセンブリは区画内に含まれる、請求項21に記載の燃料電池システム。
- エネルギー消費装置からの運用負荷を満たすように構成される主電源を補うために、少なくとも水素生成燃料処理アセンブリと燃料電池スタックを備えた熱的に準備された水素生成燃料電池システムを利用する方法において、
燃料処理アセンブリの少なくとも水素生成領域を少なくとも、水素生成領域が水と炭素含有原料を含むフィードストリームから主成分として水素ガスを含む混合ガスストリームを生成する少閾値温度にまで加熱する段階と;
水素生成領域が水素ガスを生成しない間、水素生成領域を閾値温度又はそれ以上に維持する段階と;
運用負荷を満たすために燃料電池システムからの出力電力に対する要求が発生する移行期間において、少なくとも水と炭素含有原料を水素生成領域に運搬する段階と;
水素生成領域にて水素ガスを生成する段階とし;
前記燃料電池スタックによって酸化剤と水素生成領域にて生成される水素ガスから出力電力を生成する段階と;を備えた方法。 - 前記加熱段階と前記維持段階とを、前記燃料処理アセンブリの少なくとも水素生成領域を加熱するように構成された加熱アセンブリによって実施する、請求項24に記載の方法。
- 前記加熱アセンブリは、主電源によって電力を供給されるように構成された電気加熱アセンブリである、請求項25に記載の方法。
- さらに、前記出力電力生成段階の前において加熱アセンブリによる温度の維持を停止する方法を含めた、請求項25に記載の方法。
- 前記加熱段階と前記維持段階の少なくとも一方の段階には、水素生成領域を加熱するための熱を生成するために、主電源によって加熱アセンブリに電力が供給されることを含む、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 燃料処理アセンブリの少なくとも水素生成領域は、エンクロージャーの内部区画に含まれ、さらに加熱と温度の維持段階には内部区画を少なくとも閾値温度に加熱するための加熱アセンブリを利用することを含む、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 閾値温度は、水と少なくとも一つの炭素含有原料から、主成分として水素ガスを含むストリームを生成するように構成された水素生成領域の温度に対応する、請求項29に記載の方法。
- さらに主電源がエネルギー消費装置からの運用負荷を満たすことが出来ない時を検出し、少なくとも部分的にこの検出に対応して前記運搬段階を開始することを含む、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 前記検出段階が生じた際に、前記運搬段階と前記水素ガス生成段階が完了し、1分以内に前記水素ガス生成段階を開始するように構成された、請求項31に記載の方法。
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Also Published As
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WO2007037856A3 (en) | 2009-06-04 |
MY146411A (en) | 2012-08-15 |
US20070065689A1 (en) | 2007-03-22 |
CA2619675A1 (en) | 2007-04-05 |
US7977000B2 (en) | 2011-07-12 |
EP1938414A4 (en) | 2010-04-21 |
MY143776A (en) | 2011-07-15 |
KR101095133B1 (ko) | 2011-12-16 |
EP1938414B1 (en) | 2013-01-16 |
US8691463B2 (en) | 2014-04-08 |
CA2619675C (en) | 2011-10-18 |
TWI360911B (en) | 2012-03-21 |
KR20080041706A (ko) | 2008-05-13 |
US20100136453A1 (en) | 2010-06-03 |
EP1938414A2 (en) | 2008-07-02 |
JP5607302B2 (ja) | 2014-10-15 |
WO2007037856A2 (en) | 2007-04-05 |
US20110256459A1 (en) | 2011-10-20 |
MX2008003607A (es) | 2008-11-12 |
TW200737580A (en) | 2007-10-01 |
MX337542B (es) | 2016-03-10 |
US7659019B2 (en) | 2010-02-09 |
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