JP2009147369A - 電気化学的エネルギー貯蔵手段 - Google Patents
電気化学的エネルギー貯蔵手段 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/14—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M6/18—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte with solid electrolyte
- H01M6/181—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte with solid electrolyte with polymeric electrolytes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Cell Separators (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract
【解決手段】少なくとも2つの電極、電解質、電極の間に配置された電解質としてのキャリヤー材料、及び多孔質材料を備えたキャリヤー材料を具備し、内側気孔構造の中に過フッ化表面活性物質が存在し、前記電解質の表面張力は19.8mN/m以下である、電気化学的エネルギー貯蔵手段。
【選択図】図1
Description
本発明は、とりわけ電気分解や電気透析のような電気化学システムにおける、貯蔵手段、セパレーター、又はダイヤフラムとして使用可能であるキャリヤー材料を提供することができる。
・ キャリヤー材料は、電極間の信頼できるスペーサーとして役立つ;
・ 電解液流は、キャリヤー物質の高気孔率および良好な湿潤性により最適化される;
・ ペルフルオロ化された界面活性剤は、電解質におけるイオンの流れおよびイオンの移動度に正に作用する;そして
・ キャリヤー物質は、著しい耐温度性および化学的安定性を有する。
本発明により使用される多孔質物質の気孔率(porosity)は、次式により計算される:
気孔率=(1−ρm/ρl)×100%
ここでρm は物質の測定密度であり、ρlはその理論密度である。
次式によって計算した。
気孔率=(1−ρm/ρt)×100 %
ここで、ρmは材料の測定密度であり、ρtは材料の理論密度である。
直径25mmの膜片をペルフルオロポリエーテル(Porofil)で濡らす。その濡れた膜をコールターポロメーターII(Coulter Electronics Ltd.)の中に入れ、平均気孔サイズを測定した。
表面張力は、Wilhelmyのプレート法を用いてKRUSS−GmbH Humburgから入手のプロセッサー張力計(processor tensiometer)K12によって測定した。正確に寸法が分かっているプレートを液体に接触させた。プレートの濡れ線にそって液体が動く力を測定した。この力は、液体の表面張力に直接に比例する。
導電率の測定は、Wissenschaftlich−Technische Werkstatten GmbHから入手のマイクロプロセッサー精密導電率計器LF539を用いて行った。標準的な導電率測定用セルTetraCon 96を使用した。
延伸膨張ポリテトラフルオロエチレンの厚さ65μmの膜(平均気孔直径0.40μm、気孔率78%、GORE−TEX(商標)膜、W.L.Gore & Associates GmbHより入手)をロールコーターを用いて、フルオロ界面活性剤溶液(7%のFT248溶液、イソプロピルアルコール:水=1:1)をコーティングした。フルオロ界面活性剤は、Bayer AGから入手可能であり、C8F17SO2ONH4である。膜を加熱炉に通し(200℃)、溶媒を逃散させた。コーティングの後、平均気孔サイズ0.41μmの膜を得た。コーティングの重さは約3g/m2であり、気孔率は変化していなかった。6規定(N)の硫酸は、その膜を直ちに濡らした。
フルオロ界面活性剤の表面張力を、水及び硫酸の中で測定した。
例1と同様にして、さらに膜をフルオロ界面活性剤によって処理した。結果を表1に示す。処理した膜は、電解質(例えば、33%硫酸)に対して湿潤性であった。
(2)Bayer AG
(3)Hoechst AG、スルホベタイン
(4)Ausimont、ペルフルオロポリエーテルのモノジホスフェート
例2で作成した膜をキャパシター(図1参照)に装着した。電解質は33%硫酸とした。膜に拘束された電解質のイオン導電率の温度依存性を測定した。また、使用前と、キャパシター中で5か月使用した後について、表面張力を測定した。結果が示すように、高温又は長期間使用後で、性能低下は全く生じなかった。
Claims (1)
- 電気化学的エネルギー貯蔵手段であって、少なくとも2つの電極、電解質および、前記電極間に配置された前記電解質のためのキャリヤー材料を有し、前記キャリヤー材料は内側表面で気孔を規定する内側多孔質構造を有する多孔質材料であり、前記の内側表面は、前記電解質とは異なる過フッ化界面活性剤の層によって少なくとも部分的にコーティングされており、コーティングされた内側表面を持つ前記の気孔中に前記電解質が収容されており、前記電解質の表面張力は19.8mN/m以下に低減されており、そして前記の内側多孔質構造は基本的にフィブルによって相互に連結されている一連の結節からなり、前記の結節はほぼ平行に配列されており、高度に伸長されまた25:1以上のアスペクトル比を有している、電気化学的エネルギー貯蔵手段。
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US (1) | US7670720B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1018176A1 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP2001517876A (ja) |
AU (1) | AU9441498A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1999016138A1 (ja) |
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JP2001517876A (ja) | 2001-10-09 |
WO1999016138A1 (en) | 1999-04-01 |
US7670720B1 (en) | 2010-03-02 |
EP1018176A1 (en) | 2000-07-12 |
AU9441498A (en) | 1999-04-12 |
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