JP2008528269A - 流体の光触媒処理のための方法及び装置 - Google Patents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D65/08—Prevention of membrane fouling or of concentration polarisation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
- B01D61/18—Apparatus therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/725—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation by catalytic oxidation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/10—Photocatalysts
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
世界中の水源は、水循環と生物圏及び地圏との間の相互作用の結果としてNOMを含有する。NOMは、有機物質の複雑な混合物であり、フミン酸、親水性の酸、タンパク質、脂質、炭化水素及びアミノ酸のような多様の有機物からなることが示されている。NOMにおける有機化合物の範囲は、水毎に及び季節毎に異なる。この結果として、塩素のような化学的殺菌剤に対するNOMの反応性における変動が生ずる。飲料水の品質を規制する法律がますます厳しくなっているため、一般的な処理法、例えば、凝集法を使用する水処理場(WTW)は、トリハロメタン(THM)及びハロ酢酸(HAA)の基準を満たすことが要求される除去ターゲットの要件を満足することができない。THM前駆体及びHAA前駆体を除去するために、多くの処理法が調査されてきたが、いずれも、多量のスラッジの発生なしで、充分に低い残留溶在有機炭素(DOC)レベルを達成するとの問題を有している。NOM又はフミン酸を処理するための進化した酸化法(AOP)が、幾人かの研究者によって研究されたが、いずれも、フミン酸の処理では、TiO2光触媒法が有効であることを認めている。図1を参照して記載するシステムを、フミン酸含有水モデル及び英国シェフィールドのユーデン(Ewden)貯水池から採取した水サンプルからのTHM及びHAA前駆体の除去の程度について評価した。これらの実験におけるTHM及びHAA測定用の代用物としてUV254を使用し、結果は、5g/l懸濁液において、TiO2 5g/l+UVによってUV254の実質的に98%が除去されたため、THM及びHAA前駆体の除去に関して、当該方法が有効であることを示した。図2において、TiO2ゼロ及びTiO2 5g/l + UVに関して、フラックス(J)を、膜貫通圧力(TMP)に対して、ポイントテスト結果グラフ及び線状グラフの両方としてプロットした。図2は、膜の臨界フラックス(J)が50L.m-2.h-1(LMHとして知られている)以上であること、すなわち、実験プラントを、特別な限界以下のフラックス(J)で操作する場合には、迅速な汚れが生じないことを表している。さらに、上記の臨界値以下での操作は、膜の清浄化を必要とすることなく、長期間の操作について好適な条件を提供する。
家庭雑排水は、家庭内の洗浄操作から生ずる。その源には、洗面台、キッチンシンク及び洗浄装置からの排水が含まれる。家庭雑排水は、通常、セッケン又は身体洗浄用セッケン等の使用によって発生し、とりわけ、地理的位置、人口統計及び居住レベルに従って、その質が変動する。有機物の濃度は家庭排水と同様であるが、その化学性は全く異なる。生物分解性有機物質に関する比較的低い値及び栄養の不均衡が、家庭雑排水の生物学的処理の有効性を制限する。提案された多くの処理スキームは、主に、物理的及び生物学的プロセスを使用するものであり、有機物質及び/又は化学物質の衝撃荷重への対応に関する問題点を有する。
Claims (11)
- 流体を処理する方法であって、前記流体中において触媒粒子を使用して、流体を化学的に処理し;前記流体は通過するが、前記触媒粒子は通過しない濾過膜において、前記流体から前記触媒粒子を分離し;及び前記濾過膜のエントリー表面上でガス媒体を流動させることによって、前記触媒粒子による前記濾過膜の目詰まりを阻止することを包含することを特徴とする、流体の処理法。
- 流体が天然の有機物質を含有する水である、請求項1記載の方法。
- 流体が家庭雑排水である、請求項1又は2記載の方法。
- 流体が、厄介な有機及び/又は無機の化合物を含有する水溶液である、請求項1−3のいずれか1項記載の方法。
- さらに、触媒作用を開始させるために、触媒粒子を放射線に露出させる、請求項1−4のいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 触媒粒子が二酸化チタンであり、放射線が紫外線である、請求項5記載の方法。
- ガス媒体が、エントリー表面上をスラグ流パターンで上昇する、請求項1−6のいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 流体を処理する装置であって、前記流体中において触媒粒子を使用して、流体を化学的に処理する反応容器;前記反応容器と連通する1以上の濾過膜であって、各膜のエントリー表面上で前記触媒粒子を拘束することによって、前記流体から前記触媒粒子を分離する濾過膜;及び前記濾過膜のエントリー表面上でガス媒体を流動させて、前記触媒粒子による前記濾過膜の目詰まりを阻止する装置を包含することを特徴とする、流体の処理装置。
- 目詰まり阻止装置が、膜のエントリー表面上でのガス媒体のスラグ流パターンでの流動を発生するよう作動する粗い気泡通気デリバリー装置を包含するものである、請求項8記載の装置。
- 反応容器が1以上の紫外線源を有するものであり、触媒粒子が二酸化チタンである、請求項8又は9記載の装置。
- 各膜が管状膜である、請求項8−10のいずれか1項記載の装置。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB0501688.6A GB0501688D0 (en) | 2005-01-27 | 2005-01-27 | Method and apparatus |
PCT/GB2006/000301 WO2006079837A1 (en) | 2005-01-27 | 2006-01-27 | Method and apparatus for the photocatalytic treatment of fluids |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2008528269A true JP2008528269A (ja) | 2008-07-31 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP2007552721A Pending JP2008528269A (ja) | 2005-01-27 | 2006-01-27 | 流体の光触媒処理のための方法及び装置 |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20080237145A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1866254A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2008528269A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20070112456A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101180240A (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2006208884A1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2635444A1 (ja) |
GB (1) | GB0501688D0 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006079837A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
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JP2010194523A (ja) * | 2009-02-27 | 2010-09-09 | Kubota Corp | 分離膜の洗浄装置、膜分離装置及び洗浄方法 |
JP2015521535A (ja) * | 2012-06-11 | 2015-07-30 | バターズ、 ブレーン イー.BUTTERS, Brain, E. | 流体濾過のための装置、システムおよび方法 |
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US20080272050A1 (en) * | 2007-05-04 | 2008-11-06 | Purifics Environmental Technologies, Inc. | Multi-Barrier Water Purification System and Method |
TWI432306B (zh) * | 2008-07-08 | 2014-04-01 | Gala Inc | 利用熱及大氣壓控制之熱塑材料給料系統以達成配方及反應聚合作用之方法及裝置 |
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WO2010125251A1 (fr) * | 2009-04-30 | 2010-11-04 | Loïra | Installation et procédé d' éliminations des xenobiotiques dans l'eau par rayonnement uv-v |
CN102998781A (zh) * | 2011-09-08 | 2013-03-27 | 成都易生玄科技有限公司 | 缩聚、传输光线照射二氧化钛的方法 |
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CN102976534A (zh) * | 2012-11-16 | 2013-03-20 | 山东建筑大学 | 一种杀灭污水中金黄色葡萄球菌的方法及装置 |
GB201416495D0 (en) | 2014-09-18 | 2014-11-05 | Gavish Galilee Bio Appl Ltd | A system for treatment of polluted effluents by photocatalysis |
EP3368483A1 (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2018-09-05 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | An assembly for use at an area for allowing a fluid to pass therethrough |
CN116854184B (zh) * | 2023-09-04 | 2024-02-02 | 河南蓝天环境工程有限公司 | 一种光催化降解的废水处理装置 |
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- 2006-01-27 CA CA002635444A patent/CA2635444A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-01-27 EP EP06709590A patent/EP1866254A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-01-27 US US11/883,252 patent/US20080237145A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-01-27 WO PCT/GB2006/000301 patent/WO2006079837A1/en active Application Filing
- 2006-01-27 AU AU2006208884A patent/AU2006208884A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-01-27 KR KR1020077019527A patent/KR20070112456A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-01-27 CN CNA2006800098268A patent/CN101180240A/zh active Pending
- 2006-01-27 JP JP2007552721A patent/JP2008528269A/ja active Pending
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2010194523A (ja) * | 2009-02-27 | 2010-09-09 | Kubota Corp | 分離膜の洗浄装置、膜分離装置及び洗浄方法 |
JP2015521535A (ja) * | 2012-06-11 | 2015-07-30 | バターズ、 ブレーン イー.BUTTERS, Brain, E. | 流体濾過のための装置、システムおよび方法 |
US10071927B2 (en) | 2012-06-11 | 2018-09-11 | 1934612 Ontario Inc. | Apparatus, systems, and methods for fluid filtration |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20080237145A1 (en) | 2008-10-02 |
CN101180240A (zh) | 2008-05-14 |
AU2006208884A1 (en) | 2006-08-03 |
KR20070112456A (ko) | 2007-11-26 |
GB0501688D0 (en) | 2005-03-02 |
CA2635444A1 (en) | 2006-08-03 |
EP1866254A1 (en) | 2007-12-19 |
WO2006079837A1 (en) | 2006-08-03 |
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