JP2008508941A - 椎間板補綴物を挿入するための方法および装置 - Google Patents
椎間板補綴物を挿入するための方法および装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は医療機器と方法に関する。具体的には、本発明は椎間板補綴物に関する。
上記に多数の椎間板補綴物の例が示されている。特許文献16および特許文献17は椎間板インプラントを記載している。椎間板インプラントは、その上をプレートがスライドできるコアを持つ対向するプレートを備える。コアは1個以上の中央ポストを受け入れ、中央ポストはプレートに担持され、コアの中央開放部の両端に位置している。このような配置はプレートとコアとの間の耐荷重領域を制限する。
本発明は概して、椎間板補綴物を挿入する方法とその方法を実施する装置およびシステムを提供する。これらの改良方法の利点の1つは椎間板の伸延をできるだけわずかにし、または減らして椎間板補綴物を挿入できることである。こうすることによって、挿入部または周囲の傷害を避けることができる。一般に、補綴物を椎間腔に挿入し、その際、挿入過程の少なくとも一部の間、補綴物の終板が屈曲することを可能にすることによって伸延を減らすことができる。この出願の目的において「屈曲する」とは他の構造に対して相対的に移動することを意味する。したがって、椎間板補綴物の終板が屈曲することを可能にするとは、終板が互いに対して、補綴物のコアに対して、補綴物の球関節および窩関節に対して、補綴物の回転の可動または固定中心などに対して、および/または同様のものに対して自由に動くことができることを意味する。下記の記載はしばしば2つの終板とコアを持つ椎間板補綴物に焦点を当てるが、挿入方法の様々な実施形態が他のすべての椎間板補綴物にも適用できる。挿入中に終板が屈曲することによって、補綴物を後方に押して、椎間を過剰に伸延したり、椎骨に過度の力を加えたりすることなく、椎間板腔中に入れることができる。したがって、補綴物の望ましい位置決めができ、周囲の筋肉、靱帯、神経などに損傷を与えることはない。
図1A〜1Eを参照して、1つの実施形態においては、椎間板補綴物104を2個の隣接する椎骨Vの間の椎間腔ISに挿入する方法には、まず、椎間板補綴物104を拘束しながらの椎間板補綴物104の椎間腔IS中への途中までの挿入が含まれる(図1A)。「拘束される」とは、補綴物104の終板106が補綴物104のコア112の周りで自由に屈曲(移動)しないことを意味する(図1B〜1E)。補綴物104を拘束したまま途中まで挿入するために、挿入装置102を用いることができる。このような挿入装置102は適宜、細長いシャフト108と連結した把持部材110を備えることができる。把持部材110(図示されていない)と反対側の端部において、挿入装置102はハンドル、把持部材110を制御するためのアクチュエータおよび/または任意のその他の特性を備えることができるが、それらのうちのいくつかは後で詳述する。
Claims (60)
- 椎間板補綴物を2つの隣接する椎骨の間の椎間腔中に挿入する方法であって、
補綴物の終板の屈曲を防ぐための、補綴物の拘束しながらの途中までの椎間腔中への挿入;
補綴物の拘束からの解放;および
拘束されていない補綴物の椎間腔中へのさらなる挿入;
を含む、方法。 - 拘束された補綴物の終板が補綴物のコアの周りで屈曲するのが防止され、および拘束されていない補綴物の終板がコアの周りで自由に屈曲し、該自由な屈曲が、補綴物が2つの椎骨の間の椎間腔に適合する助けとなる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 補綴物の途中まで拘束しての挿入が、
終板が互いに大して動かないようにするための終板の挿入ツールによる把持;および
挿入ツールを用いての補綴物の椎間腔中への途中までの押し込み;
を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 補綴物の拘束からの解放が挿入ツールの弛緩を含む、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 拘束されていない補綴物の椎間腔中へのさらなる挿入が弛緩された挿入ツールを用いて行われる、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 拘束されていない補綴物の椎間腔中へのさらなる挿入が別のプッシャツールを用いて行われる、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 補綴物の途中までの挿入が拘束を解放する前の補綴物の椎間腔の通路の半分未満への挿入を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 補綴物がほぼ前側から後側の方向に挿入される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 補綴物がほぼ横側から横側の方向に挿入される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 補綴物が前横側から後側の方向に挿入される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 拘束されていない補綴物の椎間腔中へのさらなる挿入が補綴物の椎間腔中への押し込みを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 拘束されていない補綴物の椎間腔中へのさらなる押し込みが補綴物の上下の終板の各々別々の押圧を含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 拘束されていない補綴物の椎間腔中へのさらなる押し込みが補綴物の上下の終板の同時の押圧を含む、請求項11または12に記載の方法。
- 拘束されていない補綴物の椎間腔中へのさらなる押し込みが補綴物の回転中心を2つの椎骨の前端よりも2つの椎骨の後端により近く位置付けることを含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 補綴物を拘束しながら途中まで挿入する前の、
椎間スペーシング装置の椎間腔中への少なくとも途中までの挿入;および
椎間腔の高さを増加させるためのスペーシング装置の操作;
をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 拘束された補綴物の椎間腔中への途中まで挿入がスペーシング装置の2つの対向するアゴの間での補綴物のスライドを含む、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 補綴物の椎間腔中への途中までの挿入は、終板(単数または複数)の少なくとも1つの外表面上の少なくとも1つのフィンの、対向するアゴ内の少なくとも1つの対応するスロットを通してのスライドを含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 拘束されていない補綴物の椎間腔中へのさらなる挿入が椎骨の1つに形成された対応する少なくとも1つのスロット中への少なくとも1つのフィンのスライドを含む、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 補綴物を拘束しながら途中まで挿入する前の、
椎骨中間点指示装置を用いる2つの椎骨のうちの少なくとも1つの中間点の位置決め;および
2つの椎骨のうちの1つへの中間点のマーキング;
をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 中間点の位置決めが、
椎骨中間点指示装置の椎間腔への挿入;および
放射線撮像装置を用いる中間点指示装置の画像化
を含む、請求項19に記載の方法。 - 椎間板補綴物を2つの隣接する椎骨の間の椎間腔中に挿入する方法であって、
スペーシング装置の2つの対向するアゴの間の補綴物の、椎間腔中への途中までのスライドであって、補綴物がアゴの間に配置されているとき補綴物の終板が屈曲することを妨げられる、補綴物のスライド;
補綴物を拘束から解放するためのスペーシング装置の椎間腔からの取り外し;および
補綴物の終板の屈曲を可能にしながらの、拘束されていない補綴物の椎間腔中へのさらなる押し込み;
を含む、方法。 - 拘束された補綴物の終板が補綴物のコアの周りで屈曲するのが防止され、および拘束されていない補綴物の終板がコアの周りで自由に屈曲し、該自由な屈曲が、補綴物が2つの椎骨の間の椎間腔に適合する助けとなる、請求項21に記載の方法。
- スペーシング装置の椎間腔中への少なくとも途中までの挿入;および
椎間腔の高さを増加させるためのスペーシング装置の操作;
をさらに含む、請求項21に記載の方法。 - 補綴物の椎間腔中への途中までのスライドが、補綴物のうちの少なくとも1つの外表面上の少なくとも1つのフィンの、対向するアゴ内の少なくとも1つの対応するスロットを通してのスライドを含む、請求項23に記載の方法。
- 補綴物の椎間腔中へのさらなる押し込みが2つの椎骨のうちの少なくとも1つに形成された少なくとも1つの対応するスロット中への少なくとも1つのフィンのスライドを含む、請求項24に記載の方法。
- 補綴物の椎間腔中への途中までのスライドがスペーシング装置取り外し前の補綴物の椎間腔中への1/2未満の挿入を含む、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 補綴物の椎間腔中への途中までのスライドが、
終板がコアに対して動かないようにするための挿入ツールによる終板の把持;および、
挿入ツールを用いるアゴ間の補綴物の押し込み;
を含む、請求項21に記載の方法。 - スペーシング装置取り外し前の挿入ツールからの補綴物の解放をさらに含む、請求項27に記載の方法。
- 補綴物の椎間腔中へのさらなる押し込みが挿入ツールを用いて行われる、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 補綴物の椎間腔中へのさらなる押し込みが別のプッシャツールを用いて行われる、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 補綴物がほぼ前側から後側方向に挿入される、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 補綴物がほぼ横側から横側方向に挿入される、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 補綴物が前横側から後側方向に挿入される、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 拘束されていない補綴物の椎間腔中へのさらなる押し込みが補綴物の回転中心の2つの椎骨の前端よりも椎骨後端に近くへの位置付けを含む、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 拘束されていない補綴物の椎間腔中へのさらなる押し込みが補綴物の上方および下方の終板の各々別々の押圧を含む、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 拘束されていない補綴物の椎間腔中へのさらなる押し込みが補綴物の上方および下方の終板の同時の押圧を含む、請求項21または35に記載の方法。
- 補綴物を椎間腔中に途中までスライドさせる前の、
椎骨中間点指示装置を用いる2つの椎骨のうち少なくとも1つの中間点の位置決め;および
2つの椎骨のうちの1つの中間点のマーキング;
をさらに含む、請求項21に記載の方法。 - 中間点の位置決めが、
椎骨中間点指示装置の椎骨の間の椎骨腔中への挿入;および
放射線画像装置を用いての中間点指示装置の画像化;
を含む、請求項37に記載の方法。 - 近位末端と遠位末端とを有する細長い硬質のシャフト;
終板が屈曲することを妨げられるように、および把持部材の外径が終板の最大外径以上には伸長しないように椎間板補綴物の終板を解放可能に把持する、遠位末端と連結された調節式把持部材;および
シャフトの近位末端の近くに配置され把持部材と連結された、補綴物を把持解放するように把持部材を調節するためのアクチュエータ;
を備える、椎間板補綴物を2つの隣接する椎骨の間の椎間腔中に挿入する装置であって、把持部材が補綴物を把持しながらまたは補綴物を解放した後、補綴物を2つの椎骨間の椎骨腔中に押し込むのに適している、装置。 - 把持部材が、終板が補綴物のコアの周りで屈曲するのを妨げられるように終板を把持するのに適している、請求項39に記載の装置。
- 把持部材が複数の終板の内側縁を同時に把持するのに適した可動対向アゴを備える、請求項39に記載の装置。
- 把持部材がシャフトを通して伸長する少なくとも1つのロッドを介してアクチュエータと連結される、請求項39に記載の装置。
- 把持部材が、
アクチュエータから伸長する第1可動ロッドと連結する第1半体;および
アクチュエータから伸長する第2可動ロッドと連結する第2半体;
を備える、請求項42に記載の装置。 - アクチュエータが、第1および第2ロッドを接近させ、および逆方向に回すことによってさらに離隔させるのに適した蝶ネジを備える、請求項43に記載の装置。
- アクチュエータが蝶ネジ、トリガー、トング、および可動ハンドルから成る群より選択される、請求項39に記載の装置。
- 装置の形状が2つの隣接する椎骨の間に配置される椎間スペーシング装置の2つの対向するアゴの間を通過できるような形状である、請求項39に記載の装置。
- 把持部材が、2つの終板を椎間腔中に同時にまたは別々に押し込むのに適している、請求項39に記載の装置。
- 近位末端と遠位末端とを有する細長い硬質のシャフト;
終板が屈曲することを妨げられるように、および把持部材の外径が終板の最大外径以上には伸長しないように椎間板補綴物の終板を解放可能に把持する、遠位末端と連結された調節式把持部材;および
シャフトの近位末端の近くに配置され把持部材と連結された、補綴物を把持解放するように把持部材を調節するためのアクチュエータ;
を備える、補綴物を把持して補綴物を椎間腔中の少なくとも途中まで押し込むための補綴物把持装置であって、把持部材が補綴物を把持しながらまたは補綴物を解放した後、補綴物を2つの椎骨間の椎骨腔中に押し込むのに適している把持装置;および
補綴物を椎間腔中にさらに押し込むための少なくとも1つの補綴物プッシャ装置;
を備える、椎間板補綴物を隣接する2つの椎骨の間の椎間腔中に挿入するシステム。 - プッシャ装置が、
近位末端および遠位末端を有する細長いシャフト;
遠位末端に配置され、終板を椎間腔中に同時にまたは別々に押し込むのに適した凹状プッシャ部;および
近位末端に配置されたハンドル;
を備える、請求項48に記載のシステム。 - 把持部材が、終板が補綴物のコアの周りで屈曲するのを妨げられるように終板を把持するのに適している、請求項48に記載のシステム。
- 把持部材が複数の終板の内側縁を同時に把持するのに適した可動対向アゴを備える、請求項48に記載のシステム。
- 把持部材がシャフトを通して伸長する少なくとも1つのロッドを介してアクチュエータと連結される、請求項48に記載のシステム。
- 把持部材が、
アクチュエータから伸長する第1可動ロッドと連結する第1半体;および
アクチュエータから伸長する第2可動ロッドと連結する第2半体;
を備える、請求項52に記載のシステム。 - アクチュエータが、第1および第2ロッドを接近させ、および逆方向に回すことによってさらに離隔させるのに適した蝶ネジを備える、請求項53に記載のシステム。
- アクチュエータが蝶ネジ、トリガー、トング、および可動ハンドルから成る群より選択される、請求項48に記載のシステム。
- 装置の形状が2つの隣接する椎骨の間に配置される椎間スペーシング装置の2つの対向するアゴの間を通過できるような形状である、請求項48に記載のシステム。
- 把持部材が、複数の終板を椎間腔中に同時にまたは別々に押し込むのに適している、請求項48に記載のシステム。
- 2つの椎骨の間の椎間腔の高さを増加させるための椎間スペーシング装置であって、把持部材が2つの隣接する椎骨の間に配置した椎骨スペーシング装置を通してスライドするのに適している椎間スペーシング装置をさらに備える、請求項48に記載のシステム。
- プッシャ装置がスペーシング装置を通してスライドするのに適している、請求項58に記載のシステム。
- 2つの椎骨のうちの少なくとも1つの椎骨の椎体に中線を位置決めするための椎体中線指示装置をさらに備える、請求項48に記載のシステム。
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