JP2008207358A - 熱可塑性樹脂から成る層を有する部材の溶着方法及び蓋付熱可塑性樹脂容器 - Google Patents
熱可塑性樹脂から成る層を有する部材の溶着方法及び蓋付熱可塑性樹脂容器 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2008207358A JP2008207358A JP2007043738A JP2007043738A JP2008207358A JP 2008207358 A JP2008207358 A JP 2008207358A JP 2007043738 A JP2007043738 A JP 2007043738A JP 2007043738 A JP2007043738 A JP 2007043738A JP 2008207358 A JP2008207358 A JP 2008207358A
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Abstract
【解決手段】熱可塑性樹脂から成る層(a)を外側表面の少なくとも一部に露出する部材(A)と、熱可塑性樹脂から成る層(b)を内側表面に少なくとも露出する部材(B)とを溶着する方法において、
前記層(a)と層(b)とが溶着されるべき部分に、部材(A)及び部材(B)とを互いに押圧し且つ押圧状態を保持可能な自己押圧保持機構が形成され、該層(a)と該層(b)とが互いに圧着された状態で、該圧着部分にレーザビームを照射することにより溶着することを特徴とする溶着方法。
【選択図】図2
Description
ヒートシールによる密閉は、簡便な方法であるため、一般的に広く採用されているが、熱溶着工程、及びその後に行われる冷却工程に時間がかかるため、生産効率の向上が望まれている。
また一般的なヒートシールバーを用いるヒートシール方式においては、溶着部分にある程度の面積が必要であると共に溶着面が平面状であることが必要である。また溶着部分の外面からシール面に熱が伝導する必要があるために、厚肉の容器では伝導に時間がかかり生産性が低下するので、肉厚に制約があり、形状の自由度が低いという問題がある。またヒートシール部が冷却され、完全に密閉されるまでに時間がかかるため、特に自生圧力を有する内容物を充填する場合や熱間充填する場合等では、シールの熱で熱膨張したヘッドスペースの気体が溶融状態のシール部から逃げることで、シール剥がれが起きる恐れもある。
しかしながら、レーザビームを照射して溶着するためには溶着すべき部材が密接していることが必要であり、上記特許文献1においては、溶着効率を向上させることを目的として、レーザビームを照射する前に、機械的なプレス機構やエア加圧機構等の押圧機構を用いて溶着部分を仮留しており、このため別途押圧機構が必要であると共に仮留め工程を設けなければならず、大幅な時間短縮(高速化)やコスト低減を実現することは困難である。
本発明の他の目的は、嵌合状態において係合部分に自己押圧保持機能を有する蓋付熱可塑性樹脂容器を提供することである。
本発明の溶着方法においては、
1.自己押圧保持機構が、部材(A)及び/又は部材(B)の弾性により互いに押圧保持するものであること、
2.自己押圧保持機構が、部材(A)及び部材(B)の嵌合状態における部材(A)及び部材(B)の間に形成される締めしろによるものであること、
3.圧着部分における熱可塑性樹脂がレーザビームを透過可能な透明或いは半透明であるとともに、圧着部分の界面或いは界面近傍にレーザビームの吸収による発熱体が形成されていること、
が好適である。
1.容器のフランジ部及び/又は蓋の圧着部分における熱可塑性樹脂がレーザビームを透過可能な透明或いは半透明であると共に、該圧着部分の界面近傍にレーザビームの吸収による発熱体が形成されていること、請求項4記載の溶着方法。
2.容器がフランジ部を有するカップ型容器であって、前記容器及びキャップの嵌合状態において容器フランジ部の上面を下方に押圧する突起を有するかまたは、容器のフランジ部の外径と蓋の内径の間に締めしろが設けられていること、
が好適である。
また本発明の溶着方法によれば、比較的肉厚の部材でも高速且つ安定的に、しかも低コストで密閉することが可能である。
更に自己押圧保持機構により、レーザビームの照射に際して溶着すべき容器及び蓋を外部の押圧部材によって固定しておく必要がないため、上下方向からのみならず、側面等からでもレーザビームを照射することにより溶着することができ、容器又は蓋の形状を自由に設定することが可能となる。
従来の熱板を用いたヒートシールによる溶着のように冷却工程が必要でないため、冷却工程を省略することができ、生産性を向上することができる。
以下、本発明の溶着方法について、部材(A)として一端が開口し他端が閉塞した容器、部材(B)として該容器の開口を密封する蓋、としたときの該容器と該蓋とを溶着する方法により、添付図面に基づいて説明する。
全体を1で表す熱可塑性樹脂容器は、概略的に言って、底部2、胴部3及びフランジ部4から成っている。胴部3の上方には、スタック部5が形成され、またフランジ部4の外周縁には、後述する蓋と係合する係合用突起6が形成されている。
一方、蓋10は、概略的に言って、頂板部11及び頂板部11の外周端部から垂下するスカート部12から成るオーバーキャップ型の形状を有している。またスカート部12の下端から水平方向外方に延びる水平段差部13、水平段差部13の外周端部から垂下する嵌合部14から成っており、水平段差部13の内面側には半径方向内方に向く薄肉の環状突片15が形成されている。また嵌合部14の内面には上述した容器の係合用突起6と係合する環状突条16が形成されている。
従って熱可塑性樹脂容器1に蓋10が嵌合された状態において、蓋10の環状突片15は薄肉で弾性を有しているため、熱可塑性樹脂容器1のフランジ部4により環状突片15が押圧変形された状態になり、しかもこの押圧状態は、熱可塑性樹脂容器1のフランジ部4の係合用突起6と蓋10の環状突起16との係合により保持されているのである。
本発明の溶着方法においては、押圧保持状態にある熱可塑性樹脂容器1及び蓋10において、図3に示すように、嵌合状態にある蓋付熱可塑性樹脂容器をロータ20にセットして、これを回転させながら、蓋の環状突片15と熱可塑性樹脂容器1のフランジ部4の上面の圧着部分にレーザ発振器(図示せず)からガラスファイバーで導入されたレーザビームを集光レンズ21から照射することにより、環状の溶着すべき部分を溶着して熱可塑性樹脂容器1を蓋10で密閉することが可能となるのである。
図4に示す熱可塑性樹脂容器1は、底部2及び胴部3から成り、胴部3の上端に外方に突出する環状突起7が設けられている。一方、蓋10は、頂板部11及びスカート部12から成り、頂板部11が容器側に陥入した落とし蓋形状を有している。
この具体例においては、熱可塑性樹脂容器1の環状突起7における外径が、環状突起7に当接する位置における蓋10のスカート部12の内径よりも大きく、熱可塑性樹脂容器1及び蓋10が嵌合した状態において、蓋10のスカート部12が熱可塑性樹脂容器1の環状突起7により押圧保持されている。
この態様においては、例えば蓋10がレーザビームを透過可能な熱可塑性樹脂から成り、容器1が、少なくとも環状突起7の部分において、外層が蓋10と同種の樹脂から成り、外層の内側に発熱部が形成されていることにより、レーザビームを外側から、横方向或いは斜め上方又は斜め下方のいずれかの位置から環状突起7の位置を照射することにより、熱可塑性樹脂容器及び蓋を溶着することができる。
この態様においては、熱可塑性樹脂容器1の環状突起8の内径が、蓋10の頂板部11の陥入部分の側壁17の外径よりも小さく、熱可塑性樹脂容器1及び蓋10が嵌合した状態において、蓋10の陥入部分の側壁17が熱可塑性樹脂容器1の環状突起8により押圧保持されている。
この態様においては、例えば蓋10がレーザビームを透過可能な熱可塑性樹脂から成り、容器1が、少なくとも環状突起8の部分において、内層が蓋10と同種の樹脂から成り、内層の外側に発熱部が形成されていることにより、レーザビームを蓋の頂板部中心側から、横方向或いは斜め上方又は斜め下方のいずれかの位置から環状突起8の位置を照射することにより、熱可塑性樹脂容器及び蓋を溶着することができる。
この態様においては、例えば蓋10がレーザビームを透過可能な熱可塑性樹脂から成り、容器1が、少なくともフランジ部9の部分において、内層が蓋10と同種の樹脂から成り、内層の外側に発熱部が形成されていることにより、レーザビームを外側横方向或いは斜め上方又は斜め下方のいずれかの位置から熱可塑性樹脂容器1のフランジ部9と蓋10のスカート部12が圧着する位置に照射することにより、熱可塑性樹脂容器及び蓋を溶着により密封することができる。
例えば、図4に示す態様において、蓋は落とし蓋形状でなくともよく、図6に示すような頂板部及びスカート部から成るものであっても勿論よい。
また容器の断面形状も円形に限定されず、矩形、多角形、或いは凹凸を有するもの等種々の断面形状のものであってもよい。
また従来の熱可塑性樹脂容器のように水平方向のフランジを必ずしも形成する必要がないため、例えば飲料容器において、直接口をつけて飲む場合の口当たりを向上することも可能となる。
レーザビームを透過可能な透明或いは半透明の層を形成し得る樹脂としては、従来包装容器に用いられていた熱可塑性樹脂を用いることができ、特にオレフィン系樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂等を好適に用いることができる。
発熱部は、容器或いは蓋のいずれか一方に形成されていればよいが、容器及び蓋の界面付近に形成されていることが溶着効率の点から好ましい。発熱部を構成し得るものとしては、金属箔や金属板等の金属、黒色等の着色塗料から成る塗膜、或いは鉄粉等の酸素吸収剤やカーボンブラック等を含有した樹脂、或いは溶着部自体をレーザ照射により自己発熱可能なポリアミド樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂等を用いることもできる。
勿論、溶着部分に黒色の塗膜を形成する等、溶着部分のみに別途発熱部を形成することもできる。
また容器を樹脂被覆金属板から成形し、レーザビームを透過可能な樹脂から成る蓋との組み合わせとすることもできる。
更に、容器及び蓋の両方を樹脂被覆金属板から成形することも可能であり、この場合には、例えば図4に示すような形状に成形し、容器及び蓋の押圧保持部分にレーザビームを下方から直接照射することによっても溶着することが可能である。
また蓋も、圧空成形、射出成形、圧縮成形等従来公知の製法により成形されたものに適用することができる。
更に前述したように、本発明の溶着方法においては、樹脂被覆金属板から成る容器及び蓋にも適用することができ、金属製容器としては溶接缶や2ピース缶等を例示することができる。
レーザ発振器の出力は20乃至150W、特に30乃至100Wの範囲にあることが好ましく、またレーザビームの波長は200nm乃至20μm、特に400nm乃至15μmの範囲にあることが好ましい。これは商業的には樹脂の透過性とレーザビームを吸収して発熱する物質の性質、およびレーザ発振器の出力、値段、安全性により決まる。
本発明においては、レーザビームのスポット径が0.2乃至3mm、特に0.5乃至2mmの範囲にあることが容器の密閉性の点から好ましい。
またレーザビームの焦点距離は10乃至200mm、特に50乃至15mmの範囲にあることが好ましく、レーザビームを透過可能な層の厚み+30乃至70mmの範囲にあることが溶着による密閉性を確保しつつ、樹脂の劣化を防止する上で好ましい。
またレーザビームの掃引速度は、50乃至300mm/秒、特に100乃至200mm/秒の範囲にあることが、溶着による密閉性を確保しつつ、樹脂の劣化を防止する上で好ましい。
また溶着についての条件は、溶着部分が融点以上になる発熱量を得られるならば、様々な条件で溶着が可能であり、例えば、溶着時間を短くしようとするならば、レーザ出力を上げて回転スピードを上げれば良く、高出力のレーザが使用できない状況ならば、溶着部分への照射時間を長くすればよく、容器の場合には、容器の回転スピードを落とせば良い。更に、充分に溶融できるレーザ出力が得られているならば、レーザ光径を大きくして、溶着幅を大きくすることもできる。
蓋付カップ型容器としては、図7に示す形状の、一端が開口し他端が閉塞した開口端の内径が65mmのポリプロピレン厚1mmの容器30を準備した。
この容器30には、開口端全周に外方に向かって突出する突起部31が形成されていると共に、突起部31には、レーザ光を吸収して発熱する塗料(ゼブラ製マッキー黒色又は赤色若しくはオリエント化学工業(株)製 e-BIND)を塗布して、レーザ吸収体とした。
蓋体32は、フランジを折り曲げてフック状とした係止部33を有する、ポリプロピレン製厚み1mmの蓋を用いた。
なお、上記フック状係止部33の内径は、容器30の突起部31の最大外径よりも約0.3mm小さくなるように構成し、この差を締めしろとした。
この嵌合圧着状態で、レーザ照射部である圧着部が下記表1のスピードで移動するように容器全体を円筒面の中心軸で回転させ、波長808nm、表1〜3に示す出力及びレーザ光径の半導体レーザを容器の中心軸に対し垂直になるように、約100mm離れた固定位置から圧着部へ照射した。レーザ照射により溶着した結果を表1〜3に示す。
図8(A)に示すように、レーザ光吸収樹脂から成る管A及びレーザ光透過樹脂から成る管Bを溶着した。
内径φD2及び外径φD1の両端に外径φd1の突起を持った管Aと、φd1より小さな内径φd2持った管Bを左右から押圧して、図8(B)のように嵌合させた。
嵌合時、φd1の先端部がφd2内径より径が小さくなるように押圧され、体積変化はほとんど起こさないので、突起部の厚みt1が図8(B)のようにt2と幅広になることにより両径の間に相互に押圧力が発生した。
嵌合状態にある管A及びBを回転させながら、この押圧部Cに外面からレーザ光を照射すると、レーザ光透過樹脂から成る管Bを透過した光はレーザ光吸収樹脂から成る管Aにおいて吸収発熱し、管Aの当該部分が溶融し、溶融温度が外側の管Bの樹脂に伝達されて、管A及び管Bの界面において両樹脂が溶融し、押圧力により自然に融着された状態となった。
Claims (7)
- 熱可塑性樹脂から成る層(a)を外側表面の少なくとも一部に露出する部材(A)と、熱可塑性樹脂から成る層(b)を内側表面に少なくとも露出する部材(B)とを溶着する方法において、
前記層(a)と層(b)とが溶着されるべき部分に、部材(A)及び部材(B)とを互いに押圧し且つ押圧状態を保持可能な自己押圧保持機構が形成され、該層(a)と該層(b)とが互いに圧着された状態で、該圧着部分にレーザビームを照射することにより溶着することを特徴とする溶着方法。 - 前記自己押圧保持機構が、部材(A)及び/又は部材(B)の弾性により互いに押圧保持するものである請求項1記載の溶着方法。
- 前記自己押圧保持機構が、部材(A)及び部材(B)の嵌合状態における部材(A)及び部材(B)の間に形成される締めしろによるものである請求項1又は2記載の溶着方法。
- 前記部材(A)及び/又は前記(B)の圧着部分における熱可塑性樹脂がレーザビームを透過可能な透明或いは半透明であると共に、該圧着部分の界面近傍にレーザビームの吸収による発熱体が形成されている請求項1乃至3の何れかに記載の溶着方法。
- 前記部材(A)が、一端が開口し他端が閉塞した容器であり、前記部材(B)が、該容器の開口を密封する蓋であり、該容器の開口部を該蓋で密閉する際の容器及び蓋の溶着方法において、
前記容器及び蓋の溶着されるべき部分に、容器及び蓋を互いに押圧し且つ押圧状態を保持可能な自己押圧保持機構が形成され、容器及び蓋それぞれの熱可塑性樹脂からなる層同士が互いに圧着された状態で、該圧着部分にレーザビームを照射することにより溶着する請求項1乃至4の何れかに記載の溶着方法。 - 前記容器がフランジ部を有するカップ型容器であって、前記容器及びキャップの嵌合状態において容器フランジ部の上面を下方に押圧する突起を有するかまたは、容器のフランジ部の外径と蓋の内径の間に締めしろが設けられている請求項5記載の溶着方法。
- 熱可塑性樹脂から成る層を有する容器及び該容器の端部で溶着により密閉される蓋から成る蓋付カップ型容器において、
前記容器及び蓋の溶着されるべき部分に、容器及び蓋が嵌合された状態で容器及び蓋が互いに押圧し且つ押圧状態を保持可能な自己押圧保持機構が形成されており、該圧着部分において、容器及び蓋がレーザ溶着されて一体化されて成ることを特徴とする熱可塑性樹脂容器。
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JP2011051627A (ja) * | 2009-09-02 | 2011-03-17 | Toyo Seikan Kaisha Ltd | 密封容器及びその製造方法 |
JP2011148553A (ja) * | 2009-12-25 | 2011-08-04 | Toyo Seikan Kaisha Ltd | 密封容器及びその製造方法 |
JP2013001432A (ja) * | 2011-06-17 | 2013-01-07 | Toyo Seikan Kaisha Ltd | レーザ溶着密封容器及びその製造方法 |
WO2013146190A1 (ja) | 2012-03-29 | 2013-10-03 | 東洋製罐グループホールディングス株式会社 | 容器及び蓋のレーザ溶着による密封方法 |
JP2013203052A (ja) * | 2012-03-29 | 2013-10-07 | Toyo Seikan Co Ltd | 容器及び蓋のレーザ溶着による密封方法 |
US9550596B2 (en) | 2012-03-29 | 2017-01-24 | Toyo Seikan Group Holdings, Ltd. | Method of sealing containers and lids by melt adhesion by laser |
KR101775768B1 (ko) * | 2012-03-29 | 2017-09-06 | 도요세이칸 그룹 홀딩스 가부시키가이샤 | 용기 및 덮개의 레이저 용착에 의한 밀봉 방법 |
CN104677401A (zh) * | 2013-12-02 | 2015-06-03 | 株式会社电装 | 配装外壳 |
JP2015104899A (ja) * | 2013-12-02 | 2015-06-08 | 株式会社デンソー | 嵌合筺体 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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WO2008102725A1 (ja) | 2008-08-28 |
US20100096388A1 (en) | 2010-04-22 |
JP4899923B2 (ja) | 2012-03-21 |
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