JP2007531612A - エチレンオキシドを製造するための反応器系及び方法 - Google Patents
エチレンオキシドを製造するための反応器系及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 241000198620 Infundibulicybe gibba Species 0.000 description 1
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- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQODPTQLXVVEJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].C=C Chemical compound [O].C=C BQODPTQLXVVEJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003658 tungsten compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D301/00—Preparation of oxiranes
- C07D301/02—Synthesis of the oxirane ring
- C07D301/03—Synthesis of the oxirane ring by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds
- C07D301/04—Synthesis of the oxirane ring by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds with air or molecular oxygen
- C07D301/08—Synthesis of the oxirane ring by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds with air or molecular oxygen in the gaseous phase
- C07D301/10—Synthesis of the oxirane ring by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds with air or molecular oxygen in the gaseous phase with catalysts containing silver or gold
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- B01J23/66—Silver or gold
- B01J23/68—Silver or gold with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/688—Silver or gold with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium with manganese, technetium or rhenium
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Abstract
Description
外径が10.4〜11.6mmのときには少なくとも4.5であり、
外径が9.4〜10.6mmのときには3.4より大きく、特に少なくとも3.6であり、
外径が8.4〜9.6mmのときには少なくとも2.6、特に2.6〜7.3の範囲である。
本実施例Iは、標準反応器系と比べた本発明の反応器系の圧力低下及び管充填密度特性を評価するために使用される試験方法を示す。
4m/πd2h
(式中、mは反応管に充填した担体の質量、dは反応管の直径、hは反応管内に収容した担体層の高さである)。
本実施例IIは、39mmの反応管に充填した公称サイズ5mm、6mm、7mm、8mm及び9mm、公称長さ/直径(L/D)の比が0.5または1.0の中空円筒形担体について実施例Iに記載の試験方法を用いて得た結果の要約を示す。担体寸法の詳細は以下の通りである:
9mm:L/D=1.0,口径=3.85mm、
9mm:L/D=0.5,口径=3.90mm、
8mm:L/D=1.0,口径=3.20mm(“標準8mm”)、
8mm:L/D=0.5,口径=3.30mm、
7mm:L/D=1.0,口径=2.74mm、
7mm:L/D=0.5,口径=2.75mm、
6mm:L/D=1.0,口径=2.60mm(“標準6mm”)、
6mm:L/D=0.5,口径=2.60mm、
5mm:L/D=1.0,口径=2.40mm、
5mm:L/D=0.5,口径=2.70mm。
本実施例IIIは、39mmの反応管に充填した公称サイズ9mm、10mm及び11mm、公称L/D比が1.0の円筒形担体について実施例Iに記載の試験方法を用いて得た結果を示す。担体の一部は充実円筒形であり、他の担体は図5に特定する異なる口径を有する中空円筒形であった。標準8mm担体と比べた担体層を横切る圧力低下の変化率(%)及び管充填密度の変化率(%)の要約データを図5に示す。
本実施例IVは、21mmの反応管に充填した公称担体サイズ5mm、6mm、7mm、8mm及び9mm、公称L/Dの比が0.5または1.0の担体について実施例Iに記載の試験方法を用いて得た結果を示す。担体寸法の詳細は実施例IIに記載した。
実施例II〜IVに記載されている各担体に銀を含む溶液を含浸させて、担体を含む銀触媒を形成した。次いで、エチレン及び酸素を含む供給流を適当な条件下で触媒と接触させて、エチレンオキシドを形成した。
本実施例VIは、実施例VIIに記載する触媒の作成において使用される2タイプの担体(すなわち、担体C及び担体D)の特性及び幾何学的構造に関する情報を与える(表3)。
本実施例は、本発明で使用され得る触媒の作成について記載する。
触媒Cは、担体Cに援用により本明細書に含まれるとする米国特許第4,766,105号明細書から公知の方法を用いて含浸させることにより作成。触媒Cの最終組成は17.8%のAg、触媒1gあたり460ppmのCs、触媒1gあたり1.5マイクロモルのRe、触媒1gあたり0.75マイクロモルのW及び触媒1gあたり15マイクロモルのLiであった。
触媒Dは2含浸ステップで作成。第1含浸ステップでは、銀溶液にドーパントを添加しなかった以外は触媒Cに関する手順に従って担体に銀溶液を含浸させた。乾燥後、生じた乾燥触媒前駆体は約17重量%の銀を含んでいた。次いで、乾燥触媒前駆体に銀及びドーパントを含む溶液を含浸させた。触媒Dの最終組成は27.3%のAg、触媒1gあたり550ppmのCs、触媒1gあたり2.4マイクロモルのRe、触媒1gあたり0.60マイクロモルのW及び触媒1gあたり12マイクロモルのLiであった。
触媒Eは、タングステン化合物を第2含浸溶液ではなく第1含浸溶液中に存在させた以外は触媒Dに関する手順に従って2含浸ステップで作成。触媒Eの最終組成は27.3%のAg、触媒1gあたり560ppmのCs、触媒1gあたり2.4マイクロモルのRe、触媒1gあたり0.60マイクロモルのW及び触媒1gあたり12マイクロモルのLiであった。
Claims (20)
- 公称長さ/公称外径の比は0.5〜2の範囲である;更に管直径が28mm未満のときには公称外径/公称内径の比は2.3を越え、管直径/外径の比は1.5〜7の範囲であり、管直径が少なくとも28mmのときには公称外径/公称内径の比は2.7を越え、管直径/外径の比は2〜10の範囲である;ような公称長さ、公称外径及び公称内径により規定される中空円筒形幾何学的構造を有する成形支持体材料の充填層を収容している反応ゾーンを規定する管長さ及び管直径を有する細長い管を含む反応器系。
- 公称長さ/公称外径の比は0.5〜2の範囲である;公称外径/公称内径の比は正の試験結果を与える;更に管直径/公称外径の比が管直径が28mm未満のときには1.5〜7の範囲であり、管直径が少なくとも28mmのときには2〜10の範囲である;ような公称長さ、公称外径及び公称内径により規定される中空円筒形幾何学的構造を有する成形支持体材料の充填層を収容している反応ゾーンを規定する管長さ及び管直径を有する細長い管を含む反応器系であって、前記「正の試験結果」は、いずれの数値も充填層を1.136Mpa(150psig)の圧力で窒素ガスの乱流中で試験することにより得られる充填層の単位長さあたりの圧力低下の数値と充填密度の数値の商の、同一支持体材料の中空円筒形幾何学的構造が管直径が28mm未満のときには公称外径6mm及び公称内径2.6mm、管直径が少なくとも28mmのときには公称外径8mm及び公称内径3.2mm、および公称長さ/公称外径の比1により規定されることを除いて同一の方法で得られる数値の商と比べた低下により規定される前記反応器系。
- 中空同筒形幾何学的構造が、管直径が28mm未満のときには公称外径/公称内径の比は2.3を越え、管直径が少なくとも28mmのときには公称外径/公称内径の比は2.7を越えるように規定される請求項2に記載の反応器系。
- 管直径は28〜60mmの範囲であり、公称外径/公称内径の比は、外径が10.4〜11.6mmのときには少なくとも4.5であり、外径が9.4〜10.6mmのときには3.4を超え、外径が8.4〜9.6mmのときには少なくとも2.6である請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の反応器系。
- 公称外径/公称内径の比は、外径が10.4〜11.6mmのときには少なくとも4.5であり、外径が9.4〜10.6mmのときには少なくとも3.6であり、外径が8.4〜9.6mmのときには2.6〜7.3である請求項4に記載の反応器系。
- 管直径は約39mmである請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の反応器系。
- 中空円筒形幾何学的構造の内径は少なくとも0.5mmである請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の反応器系。
- 公称外径/公称内径の比は、管直径が28mm未満のときには2.6〜500の範囲であり、管直径が少なくとも28mmのときには3.0〜500の範囲である請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の反応器系。
- 公称外径/公称内径の比は、管直径が28mm未満のときには2.9〜200の範囲であり、管直径が少なくとも28mmのときには3.3〜250の範囲である請求項8に記載の反応器系。
- 管長さは3〜15mの範囲である請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載の反応器系。
- 充填層の50%が成形支持体材料からなる請求項1〜10のいずれかに記載の反応器系。
- 管直径/公称外径の比は、管直径が28mm未満のときには2〜6の範囲であり、管直径が少なくとも28mmのときには2.5〜7.5の範囲である請求項1〜11のいずれかに記載の反応器系。
- 管直径/公称外径の比は、管直径が28mm未満のときには2.5〜5の範囲であり、管直径が少なくとも28mmのときには3〜7の範囲である請求項12に記載の反応器系。
- 成形支持体材料は主にα−アルミナからなり、充填層は550kg/m3を超える管充填密度を有する請求項1〜13のいずれかに記載の反応器系。
- 成形支持体材料は触媒成分を担持している請求項1〜14のいずれかに記載の反応器系。
- 触媒成分は銀を含む請求項15に記載の反応器系。
- 入口管端部及び出口管端部を有する細長い管を含む請求項15または16に記載の反応器系を用意し、前記入口管端部にエチレン及び酸素を含む供給原料を導入し、前記出口管端部からエチレンオキシド及び存在するならば未変換エチレンを含む反応生成物を取り出すことを含むエチレンオキシドの製造方法。
- 反応ゾーンを150〜400℃の範囲の温度及び0.15〜3MPaの範囲の圧力を含めた適当なエチレン酸化反応条件下に維持する請求項17に記載の方法。
- 請求項17または18に記載のエチレンオキシドの製造方法により得たエチレンオキシドをエチレングリコール、エチレングリコールエーテルまたは1,2−アルカノールアミンに変換することを含むエチレングリコール、エチレングリコールエーテルまたは1,2−アルカノールアミンを製造するためのエチレンエキシドの使用方法。
- 公称長さ/公称外径の比は0.5〜2の範囲であり、公称外径/公称内径の比は2.7を越え、管直径/外径の比は2〜10であるような公称長さ、公称外径及び公称内径により規定される中空円筒形幾何学的構造を有する成形支持体材料により担持された銀を含む触媒。
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CA2723592C (en) | 2008-05-07 | 2016-08-16 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | A process for the production of an olefin oxide, a 1,2-diol, a 1,2-diol ether, a 1,2-carbonate, or an alkanolamine |
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