JP2007523717A - 酸素濃度計の周辺光の相殺 - Google Patents
酸素濃度計の周辺光の相殺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、パルス酸素濃度測定の方法と装置とを提供し、上記方法および装置は、(1)復調周波数と送電線周波数(50,60,100,120)の公倍数との間の距離におけるノッチフィルタと、さらに、(2)ヒトの最高脈拍数よりも大きく、50,60,100または120Hzの任意の高調波よりも低い復調周波数とを提供する。このため、本発明は、ノッチフィルタまたは送電線の高調波からの干渉を防ぐのに最適な復調周波数を選択することを可能にする一方で、周辺光の干渉の元凶をフィルタすることを可能にする。
図1は、本発明を組み込んだ酸素測定システムの一実施形態を図示している。センサ10は、赤色LEDおよび赤外線LEDならびに光検出器を含んでいる。これらは、ケーブル12によって基板14に接続される。LED駆動電流は、LED駆動インターフェース16によって提供される。センサからの受信された光電流は、I−Vインターフェース18に提供される。その後、IRのおよび赤色の電圧は、本発明を組み込んだシグマ・デルタインターフェース20に提供される。シグマ・デルタインターフェース20の出力は、マイクロコントローラ22に提供される。マイクロコントローラ22は、プログラム用のフラッシュメモリと、データ用のEEPROMとを含む。酸素濃度計はまた、フラッシュメモリ26に接続されたマイクロプロセッサチップ24を含む。最後に、クロック28が用いられ、センサ10におけるデジタル較正へのインターフェース30が提供される。分離したホスト32は、処理された情報を受信し、同時に、アナログ表示を提供するために、ライン34上のアナログ信号を受信する。
図2は、図1のマイクロコントローラ22によって処理されるデジタル信号を提供するアナログ−デジタルコンバータ40を示している。マイクロプロセッサは、信号のデジタル処理を行ない酸素飽和度の計算を行なう本技術分野では周知なその他のブロックと同様に、復調器42と、4ステージのフィルタ/デシメータ44と、ノッチを有するローパスフィルタ46を含み得る。復調の後には赤色チャネルのみが示されているが、同様なチャネルがIR信号に用いられる。
図3は、サンプリング期間の前と後とで周囲の暗レベルを平均化し、送電線またはその他のソースからの低周波数の干渉を補償することにより、周辺光を低減するという本発明の別の局面を図示している。図3は、サンプリングレートが2400の信号を示している。図3における上向きの傾斜線は、60Hzの送電線干渉によるものである。この上向きの傾斜(この傾斜は、60Hz(または、50Hz等)の信号の他の部分では、下向きになり得る)の効果を相殺することが望ましい。
図4は、フィルタとソフトウェアとがプレロードされる本発明の別の実施形態を図示している。アナログ入力信号は、シグマ・デルタ変調器とマルチ・ビットのアナログ・デジタルコンバータとを介して処理される前に、典型的にはハードウェア増幅器84において増幅される。シグマ・デルタ変調器86によって処理し、デジタル領域に変換した後、サンプリングレートを低減させるためにデシメータ88によってデシメートされ、ベッセルフィルタ88によってフィルタされる。コントローラ92は、ベッセルフィルタのメモリとデシメータのメモリとをプレロードし、求める出力値の値がどのようなものかを評価する。このことは、フィルタの整定時間を、入力におけるステップ変化の後に、顕著に低減させ得る。そのような入力におけるステップ変化は、増幅器84のゲイン設定の変化から発生し得る。ステップ変化は、アクティブにされる特定のLEDにおける変化、LEDの電力の変化、またはフロントエンドのハードウェアのその他のゲイン設定の変化の結果として交互に生じ得る。コントローラ92がそれらの変化をアクティブにし得るため、適切な値を用いることによりフィルタとデシメータとをいつプレロードするのかについての知見を有し得る。これらは図4のブロックに示されているが、このことは、好ましい実施形態においては、コントローラ92、フィルタ88、およびデシメータ90として機能するソフトウェアプログラムによって行われる。このフィルタとデシメータとのプレローディングは、整定時間を短縮することにより、有効なデータを迅速に入手可能にし得る。
Claims (18)
- パルス酸素濃度計を操作する方法であって、
50,60,100および120の公倍数から所定の距離に存在する変調周波数を用いることにより、2つの波長の光を交互に生成することであって、該所定の距離は、ヒトの最高脈拍数よりも大きく、50,60,100または120の任意の高調波の距離よりも低い、ことと、
該光を組織部位に配向することと、
該組織部位から拡散する光信号を検出することと、
該公倍数の周波数において、該検出された光信号をノッチフィルタすることと
を包含する、方法。 - 前記検出された光信号をデジタル化してデジタル化信号を提供すること
をさらに包含し、前記ノッチフィルタすることは、該デジタル化信号の上で実行される、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記公倍数は1200である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記所定の距離は、5ヘルツから20ヘルツの間である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記所定の距離は、約11ヘルツである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ノッチフィルタすることは、前記距離のデジタルフィルタにゼロを提供することによって実行される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記変調周波数は、第1の波長の光が生成される第1の期間と、光が一切生成されない暗期と、第2の波長の光が生成される第2の期間との間を反復するように用いられ、
該第1の期間の前または後の暗期において検出された光信号の大きさを平均化することにより、該第1の期間の間に検出された光信号における周辺光のレベルを評価し、
該第2の期間の前または後の暗期において検出された光信号の大きさを平均化することにより、該第2の期間の間に検出された光信号における周辺光のレベルを評価する、
請求項1に記載の方法。 - パルス酸素濃度計において検出された光信号を測定する方法であって、
変調周波数を用いることにより、2つの波長の光を交互に生成することと、
該光を組織部位に配向することと、
該組織部位から拡散する検出光信号を検出することと、
第1の波長の光が生成される第1の期間と、光が一切生成されない暗期と、第2の波長の光が生成される第2の期間との間を反復するように該周波数を用いることと、
該第1の期間の前または後の暗期において検出された光信号の大きさを平均化することにより、該第1の期間の間に検出された光信号における周辺光のレベルを評価することと、
該第2の期間の前または後の暗期において検出された光信号の大きさを平均化することにより、該第2の期間の間に検出された光信号における周辺光のレベルを評価することと
を包含する、方法。 - 前記検出された光信号から、評価されたレベルの周辺光を差し引くこと
をさらに包含する、請求項8に記載の方法。 - 少なくとも1つの発光体と、
50,60,100および120の公倍数から所定の距離に存在する変調周波数を用いることにより、該少なくとも1つの発光体からの2つの波長の光を交互に生成する制御回路であって、該所定の距離は、ヒトの最高脈拍数よりも大きく、50,60,100または120の任意の高調波の距離よりも低い、制御回路と、
組織部位から拡散する検出光信号を検出する検出器と、
該検出された光信号を処理する処理回路であって、該処理回路は、該公倍数の周波数において該検出された光信号をフィルタするように構成されたノッチフィルタを含む、処理回路と
を備える、パルス酸素濃度計。 - 前記検出された光信号をデジタル化してデジタル化信号を提供するアナログ−デジタルコンバータ
をさらに備え、前記ノッチフィルタは、デジタルフィルタである、請求項10に記載のパルス酸素濃度計。 - 前記公倍数は1200である、請求項10に記載のパルス酸素濃度計。
- 前記所定の距離は、5ヘルツから20ヘルツの間である、請求項10に記載のパルス酸素濃度計。
- 前記所定の距離は、約11ヘルツである、請求項10に記載のパルス酸素濃度計。
- 前記ノッチフィルタは、前記距離のデジタルフィルタにゼロを提供する、請求項10に記載のパルス酸素濃度計。
- 第1の波長の光が生成される第1の期間と、光が一切生成されない暗期と、第2の波長の光が生成される第2の期間との間を反復するように構成される、前記制御回路と、
該第1の期間の前または後の暗期において検出された光信号の大きさを平均化することにより、該第1の期間の間に検出された光信号における周辺光のレベルを評価し、該第2の期間の前または後の暗期において検出された光信号の大きさを平均化することにより、該第2の期間の間に検出された光信号における周辺光のレベルを評価するように構成される、前記処理回路と
をさらに備える、請求項1に記載のパルス酸素濃度計。 - 少なくとも1つの発光体と、
変調周波数を用いることにより、該少なくとも1つの発光体からの2つの波長の光を交互に生成する、制御回路と、
組織部位から拡散する検出光信号を検出する検出器と
を備え、
該制御回路は、第1の波長の光が生成される第1の期間と、光が一切生成されない暗期と、第2の波長の光が生成される第2の期間との間を反復するように構成され、
該第1の期間の前または後の暗期において検出された光信号の大きさを平均化することにより、該第1の期間の間に検出された光信号における周辺光のレベルを評価し、該第2の期間の前または後の暗期において検出された光信号の大きさを平均化することにより、該第2の期間の間に検出された光信号における周辺光のレベルを評価するように構成される、処理回路
を備える、パルス酸素濃度計。 - アナログセンサ信号を受信するように結合された入力を有するシグマ・デルタ変調器と、
センサ信号を増幅し、該アナログセンサ信号として、増幅された信号を提供する、ハードウェア増幅器と、
該シグマ・デルタ変調器の出力に結合され、デジタル出力を提供する、複数ビットのアナログ・デジタルコンバータと、
該デジタル出力の上で動作するように構成されたデシメータと、
該デジタル出力の上で動作するように構成されたデジタルフィルタと、
該ハードウェア増幅器のゲインを改変させた後に、該デシメータおよびデジタルフィルタに、求められた出力値の評価をプレロードする制御プログラムと
を備える、酸素濃度計装置。
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US10/787,854 US7190985B2 (en) | 2004-02-25 | 2004-02-25 | Oximeter ambient light cancellation |
PCT/US2005/006336 WO2005082242A1 (en) | 2004-02-25 | 2005-02-24 | Oximeter ambient light cancellation |
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US (4) | US7190985B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1722675B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2007523717A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20070024488A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1933769A (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE403397T1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2005216985A1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2556748C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE602005008718D1 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2311980T3 (ja) |
MX (1) | MXPA06009755A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005082242A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
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US20060264721A1 (en) | 2006-11-23 |
EP1722675B1 (en) | 2008-08-06 |
CA2556748A1 (en) | 2005-09-09 |
MXPA06009755A (es) | 2007-03-15 |
ES2311980T3 (es) | 2009-02-16 |
CN1933769A (zh) | 2007-03-21 |
US20090005662A1 (en) | 2009-01-01 |
ATE403397T1 (de) | 2008-08-15 |
US20050187448A1 (en) | 2005-08-25 |
US7190985B2 (en) | 2007-03-13 |
US7400919B2 (en) | 2008-07-15 |
AU2005216985A1 (en) | 2005-09-09 |
US20130123593A1 (en) | 2013-05-16 |
WO2005082242A1 (en) | 2005-09-09 |
US8874181B2 (en) | 2014-10-28 |
EP1722675A1 (en) | 2006-11-22 |
US8315684B2 (en) | 2012-11-20 |
KR20070024488A (ko) | 2007-03-02 |
CA2556748C (en) | 2013-02-12 |
DE602005008718D1 (de) | 2008-09-18 |
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