JP2007268277A - 減少された磨耗率を有する医用インプラントの支持材料および磨耗率を減少するための方法 - Google Patents
減少された磨耗率を有する医用インプラントの支持材料および磨耗率を減少するための方法 Download PDFInfo
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- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
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Abstract
【解決手段】UHMWPEなどのポリマー、および、このポリマーに共有結合しない界面活性剤を含む医用インプラントの支持材料が開示される。支持材料は、減少された磨耗率を有する。また、医用インプラントのポリマー支持材料が滑液の存在下で硬質対向面に連接する場合に、医用インプラントのポリマー支持材料の磨耗率を減少させる方法が開示され、この方法は、支持面、硬質対向面、またはその両方に近接した滑液中へ界面活性剤を提供することを含む。
【選択図】図2A
Description
医用インプラントは、インプラントの硬質対向面(hard counterface)、例えば金属対向面(metallic counterface)、に連接する支持材料(bearing material)として超高分子量ポリエチレン(UHMWPE)などのポリマー材料を用いる。しかし、このポリマー材料は、使用中、磨耗し、同時にこのポリマーの微細な粒子を含む磨耗残屑を生じる傾向がある。これらの粒子は、細胞組織の炎症および悪化、または、この組織の骨溶解などの有害な反応を引き起こす場合がある。
本発明は、UHMWPEなどのポリマー、および、このポリマーに共有結合しない界面活性剤を含む、医用インプラント支持材料を提供する。この支持材料は、減少された磨耗率を有する。この支持材料は、減少された磨耗残屑量を生じる。この支持材料は、骨溶解の軽減を提供できる。界面活性剤は、境界潤滑剤として作用し、硬質対向面に連接する場合、この支持材料のポリマーの硬質対向面との間の摩擦を軽減する。本発明の支持材料は、1つ以上の長所を有する。例えば、UHMWPE製であり、界面活性剤を含有する本発明の支持材料は、架橋UHMWPE製の支持材料よりも低い磨耗率を提供する。
本発明は、界面活性剤が、タンパク質含有血清などの液体媒質中で、硬質対向面に連接するポリマー表面の、硬質対向面との間(between a polymer surface articulating against a hard counterface)の摩擦を軽減する、および/または、潤滑効果を提供するという観察に基づく。したがって、ある実施形態では、本発明は、ポリマーおよびこのポリマーと共有結合しない界面活性剤を含む医用インプラント支持材料を提供し、この支持材料は、この医用インプラントの硬質対向面への連接に採用される。
本実施例は、前記界面活性剤の長所を説明するものである。すなわち、この界面活性剤は、UHMWPEの磨耗率を減少させる。
この実施例は、本発明の長所、すなわち、ポリマー表面と硬質対向面との間の摩擦係数が減少されることを説明するものである。
(1)医用インプラントの支持材料において、
ポリマー、および、前記ポリマーに共有結合しない界面活性剤、
を含み、
前記支持材料は、前記医用インプラントの硬質対向面に連接するように採用される、
支持材料。
(2)実施態様1に記載の支持材料において、
前記ポリマーは、ポリエチレンを含む、支持材料。
(3)実施態様2に記載の支持材料において、
前記ポリエチレンは、超高分子量ポリエチレン(UHMWPE)である、支持材料。
(4)実施態様1に記載の支持材料において、
前記界面活性剤は、陰イオン性界面活性剤、陽イオン性界面活性剤、非イオン性界面活性剤、または両性界面活性剤である、支持材料。
(5)実施態様4に記載の支持材料において、
前記界面活性剤は、非イオン性界面活性剤である、支持材料。
(6)実施態様5に記載の支持材料において、
前記非イオン性界面活性剤は、親水性ブロックと疎水性ブロックとのブロックコポリマー、を含む、支持材料。
(7)実施態様6に記載の支持材料において、
前記ブロックコポリマーは、A−Bブロックコポリマー、A−B−Aブロックコポリマー、またはB−A−Bブロックコポリマーであり、
Aが、親水性ブロックであり、Bが、疎水性ブロックである、
支持材料。
(8)実施態様7に記載の支持材料において、
Aは、ポリエチレンオキサイド(PEO)であり、Bは、ポリプロピレンオキサイド(PPO)である、支持材料。
(9)実施態様8に記載の支持材料において、
前記コポリマーの分子量は、約100g/モル〜約20,000g/モルである、支持材料。
(10)実施態様9に記載の支持材料において、
前記コポリマーの分子量は、約12,600g/モルである、支持材料。
前記支持面、前記硬質対向面、またはその両方に近接した滑液中へ界面活性剤を提供すること、
を含む、方法。
(12)実施態様11に記載の方法において、
前記支持材料は、前記滑液と前記支持面との間の界面に移動する界面活性剤を含む、
方法。
(13)実施態様11に記載の方法において、
前記硬質対向面は、界面活性剤を含み、かつ前記界面活性剤を前記硬質対向面に近接する滑液に放出する、方法。
(14)実施態様11に記載の方法において、
前記界面活性剤は、前記滑液中へ前記界面活性剤を注入することによって提供される、方法。
(15)実施態様11に記載の方法において、
前記界面活性剤は、この界面活性剤が前記医用インプラントの非連接部分から溶出するように、提供される、方法。
(16)実施態様11に記載の方法において、
前記ポリマーは、ポリエチレンである、方法。
(17)実施態様16に記載の方法において、
前記ポリエチレンは、超高分子量ポリエチレンである、方法。
(18)実施態様11に記載の方法において、
前記界面活性剤は、陰イオン性界面活性剤、陽イオン性界面活性剤、非イオン性界面活性剤、または両性界面活性剤である、方法。
(19)実施態様18に記載の方法において、
前記界面活性剤は、非イオン性界面活性剤である、方法。
(20)実施態様19に記載の方法において、
前記非イオン性界面活性剤は、親水性ブロックと疎水性ブロックとのブロックコポリマー、を含む、方法。
(21)実施態様20に記載の方法において、
前記ブロックコポリマーは、A−Bブロックコポリマー、A−B−Aブロックコポリマー、またはB−A−Bブロックコポリマーであり、
Aが、親水性ブロックであり、Bが、疎水性ブロックである、
方法。
(22)実施態様21に記載の方法において、
Aは、ポリエチレンオキサイド(PEO)であり、Bは、ポリプロピレンオキサイド(PPO)である、方法。
(23)実施態様11に記載の方法において、
前記支持面と前記対向面との間の摩擦係数を減少させること、
を含む、方法。
Claims (10)
- 医用インプラントの支持材料において、
ポリマー、および、前記ポリマーに共有結合しない界面活性剤、
を含み、
前記支持材料は、前記医用インプラントの硬質対向面に連接するように採用される、
支持材料。 - 請求項1に記載の支持材料において、
前記ポリマーは、ポリエチレンを含む、支持材料。 - 請求項2に記載の支持材料において、
前記ポリエチレンは、超高分子量ポリエチレン(UHMWPE)である、支持材料。 - 請求項1に記載の支持材料において、
前記界面活性剤は、陰イオン性界面活性剤、陽イオン性界面活性剤、非イオン性界面活性剤、または両性界面活性剤である、支持材料。 - 請求項4に記載の支持材料において、
前記界面活性剤は、非イオン性界面活性剤である、支持材料。 - 請求項5に記載の支持材料において、
前記非イオン性界面活性剤は、親水性ブロックと疎水性ブロックとのブロックコポリマー、を含む、支持材料。 - 請求項6に記載の支持材料において、
前記ブロックコポリマーは、A−Bブロックコポリマー、A−B−Aブロックコポリマー、またはB−A−Bブロックコポリマーであり、
Aが、親水性ブロックであり、Bが、疎水性ブロックである、
支持材料。 - 請求項7に記載の支持材料において、
Aは、ポリエチレンオキサイド(PEO)であり、Bは、ポリプロピレンオキサイド(PPO)である、支持材料。 - 請求項8に記載の支持材料において、
前記コポリマーの分子量は、約100g/モル〜約20,000g/モルである、支持材料。 - 請求項9に記載の支持材料において、
前記コポリマーの分子量は、約12,600g/モルである、支持材料。
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US11/394,423 US7812098B2 (en) | 2006-03-31 | 2006-03-31 | Bearing material of medical implant having reduced wear rate and method for reducing wear rate |
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