JP2007195502A - Method for culturing mushroom bed of mushrooms while preventing hindrance of the same mushroom bed by high temperature - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for culturing and controlling a mushroom bed suppressing or alleviating physiologic hindrance of mushroom mycelium by high temperature, in a culturing step in high-temperature period of a mushroom culturing bed. <P>SOLUTION: The method for controlling mushroom bed comprises covering the surface of a container 1 containing a face which comes in contact with the mushroom bed with a sheet 5 formed of a water-absorbing material for keeping a water-absorbed layer in a thin state while ensuring a vent hole of the container 1, supplying water to the sheet 5 by scattering or spraying and cooling the mushroom bed in the container 1 by vaporization heat accompanied by transpiration of the water content. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a cultivation management method for a mushroom fungus bed characterized by suppressing or mitigating a physiological disorder of a mushroom mycelium due to a high temperature in a high-temperature culture process of a mushroom fungus bed.

In the cultivation management in the summer high temperature period in the natural cultivation of fungus bed cultivation of mushrooms, there are many cases that deviate greatly from the optimum temperature range of the cultivation to the high temperature side, and the load on the fungus bed due to the high temperature is applied, generally high temperature failure The bad influence which becomes one factor of the cultivation failure said.
For example, shiitake mushrooms themselves are weakened or damaged in the temperature range of 25 ° C. or higher, and as a result, the browned fungus bed surface is covered with regenerated mycelia, and the fungus bed becomes soft and has a great effect on cultivation. However, even if the appearance of an extreme obstacle is not conspicuous, the shiitake bacterium inside the microbial bed is damaged, leading to a decrease in yield due to adhesion of various bacteria and shortening of the microbial bed life.
In order to suppress or avoid this high-temperature obstacle, a) a skylight is installed in the cultivation house, b) a net or film with a high light shielding rate is covered (Patent Document 1), c) water is sprayed directly on the fungus bed, etc. The method is taken.
However, there is a problem that the installation of the skylight and the covering of the light shielding factor are expensive and the temperature does not decrease below the outside temperature. Moreover, in direct watering to the fungus bed, the temperature can be temporarily lowered by the water applied to the surface of the fungus bed, but the effect is not sustained because it evaporates in a short time, and watering is performed continuously. However, a large amount of water is required, the inside of the house is immersed in water, the filter part of the fungus bed container becomes wet for a long time, the ventilation is insufficient, and the fungus bed itself weakens due to lack of oxygen in the cultivation container, etc. There was a negative effect.
JP-A-6-327359

In the conventional cultivation method, the conventional cultivation method is costly due to the renovation of the management house, and the temperature does not decrease below the outside temperature. In direct watering to the bacteria bed, the temperature drop on the bacteria bed surface is temporary. In order to perform continuous or short-term intermittent watering during high temperature periods, a large amount of water is required, the inside of the house is submerged, or the filter part of the fungus bed container is in a wet state for a long time. Therefore, the present invention provides a method for solving problems such as lack of ventilation, lack of oxygen in the cultivation container, and deterioration of the fungus bed itself.

In order to achieve the above object, the method for cultivating a mushroom fungus bed of the present invention comprises a container surface including a surface in contact with the fungus bed at a high temperature of 25 ° C. or higher in a culture process of mushroom fungus bed cultivation. Covering with a sheet of water-absorbing material while ensuring the breathability of the container, supplying moisture to the sheet, and cooling the fungus bed in the container by vaporization heat absorption accompanying the evaporation of the moisture Features.

In the mushroom fungus bed culture process in the high temperature period, by securing a temperature of about 5 degrees lower than the outside air temperature or the temperature around the fungus bed for a certain period of time, the damage of the fungus bed due to high temperature failure can be alleviated, and the amount of mushrooms generated Increase and quality improvement. In addition, since it can be covered by a simple method of covering the sheet-like material made of water-absorbing paper or cloth material from the cultivation container and absorbing the moisture in the sheet-like material by watering or spraying, Expenses such as house remodeling can be reduced. Furthermore, the inside of the house resulting from water sprinkling in a large amount of water will be submerged, the filter part of the fungus bed container will be wet for a long time, the ventilation will be insufficient, the bacteria bed itself will be weakened due to lack of oxygen in the cultivation container, etc. This problem can be solved.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
The object of the present invention is a mushroom cultivation container 1 mainly composed of shiitake mushrooms, sea cucumbers, etc., for example, as shown in FIG. It is a container formed on an inclined wall 3 that secures a growth space for mushrooms in a square box shape 2.
However, the container is not limited to this, and may be cylindrical.

Next, the water-absorbing sheet 5 refers to a sheet-like material formed of a water-absorbing material, and for example, a paper material such as newspaper or a cloth body can be used.
At this time, the layer of water absorbed by the sheet 5 is preferably thin enough to be fine. Therefore, it is desirable to keep the layer of water absorbed by the paper material and the cloth body thin.
This is because, for example, when the water layer is thick and the water contained in the newspaper is warmed to the outside air and becomes close to warm water, a large amount of this warm water exists, and the effect of lowering the temperature becomes slow.

The container is covered with the water-absorbent sheet 5 in a state where the sheet is in contact with the surface of the container filled with the fungus bed. This is because when the sheet directly touches the surface filled with the fungus bed, the cooling effect of the sheet directly affects the fungus bed and the cooling efficiency is increased.
For example, as shown in FIG. 2, there are cases where three surfaces serving as the side surfaces 2 a are covered, and where the bottom surface 2 b is added to cover the four surfaces.
In some cases, the entire surface of the container may be ultimately covered, but in this case as well, it is necessary to ensure air permeability without covering the vent hole 4 portion. This is because the sheet infiltrated with water becomes hermetically sealed and loses air permeability, and the bacterial bed may be deficient in oxygen.

The means for supplying water to the sheet 5 is sprinkling water with a watering can or the like originally. However, a water pipe is arranged on a shelf or the like on which other containers are placed, and water is supplied to appropriate places. There are means for arranging the injection nozzles. At this time, it can be sprayed at regular intervals in conjunction with a timer.
Further, as shown in FIG. 4, a water storage tank is provided below, and a cloth connected to the sheet 5 is hung there, so that the water can be automatically sucked up by a water absorption action by capillary action.
In addition, a device for generating mist by ultrasonic waves or the like may be disposed in a part of the cultivation room, and the generated mist may absorb water in the sheet of the entire room.
In any case, it is preferable that the water supply to the sheet 5 is kept in a state where the sheet 5 is continuously wet. In addition to automatic water absorption by capillary action, an appropriate interval is provided in conjunction with a timer or the like. It is necessary to keep the water supply continuously.

Explaining the operation of the container of the present invention, when the container covered with the sheet is provided, until now, when performing natural cultivation that occurs in general autumn and winter, the culture period until summer cut management and autumn cut Inside, the temperature in the summer house may rise to around 35 ° C depending on the area and location conditions, and at this time, the culture bag is being cultured in a mode in which a vent with a filter is provided. In addition to not being able to secure sufficient air by ventilation from the filter, it becomes oxygen deficient and suffocated, and at a high temperature of 25 ° C or higher, mushroom hyphae such as shiitake mushrooms are weakened, so-called high temperature damage There is a fear.

However, in the container of the present invention, when the outside air temperature reaches a temperature range of 25 ° C. or higher, the water absorbed by the sheet 5 receives the high temperature of 25 ° C. or higher and absorbs heat, which is as thin a layer of water as possible. If it is formed, the temperature rises in a short time and vaporizes as vapor. At that time, the heat of vaporization is taken from the surroundings. At this time, since the sheet 5 is in contact with the surface filled with the fungus bed, the heat is taken directly from the fungus bed, and the cooling effect can be efficiently obtained. it can.
As a result, a temperature of about 5 degrees lower than the outside air temperature or the temperature around the fungus bed can be secured for a certain period of time, mitigating damage to the fungus bed due to high temperature failure, and increasing the amount of mushrooms generated and improving the quality. be able to.

In addition, the cooling effect can be applied directly only to the required container, so that a large amount of water is sprayed as in the conventional case to submerge the house, or the filter part of the fungus bed container is lengthened. Problems such as being wet for hours and deteriorating the bacterial bed itself due to lack of oxygen in the cultivation container due to insufficient ventilation can be solved.
Furthermore, since the sheet | seat 5 which coat | covered the cultivation container absorbs a water | moisture content by watering, spraying, etc., a large-scale apparatus etc. are unnecessary and it can respond easily and can reduce expenses, such as a house remodeling.

Using a cultivation bag in which a filter was attached to a polyethylene bag as a culture container, a square medium having a width of 20 cm, a length of 12 cm, a height of 17 cm and a weight of about 2700 g was molded, and a bacterial bed was produced by a conventional method. The culture was controlled by natural environment from early March to late September.
Since the outside air temperature exceeded 25 ° C from the beginning of July, newspapers cut in half-cut size were folded in half, covered on the fungus bed during cultivation from above the cultivation bag, and watered from above.
Watering was performed for the first time after the outside temperature rose to 25 ° C or higher, and the next watering was performed before the newspaper was dried. Specifically, once in the morning and once in the afternoon, the newspaper was wet enough, and on the days when the outside air temperature exceeded 30 ° C, water was sprayed twice in the afternoon.

The data is shown in the table of FIG. As a result, the fungus bed temperature changed in the range of 20 to 25 ° C. for a long time until the newspaper dried, and this state was maintained by repeating this.
That is, even in the summer when the outside air is at a high temperature, the fungus bed is unlikely to reach a temperature range of 25 ° C. or higher, which is likely to cause a high temperature failure, and culture management can be performed in a favorable temperature environment.

As is clear from the above results, the newspapers cut in half-cut size are folded in half, covered on the cultivation bed from the top of the cultivation bag, sprinkled from above, and before the newspaper is dried, the next watering Even if the temperature of the microbial bed having an outside air temperature of 30 ° C. or higher reached a high possibility of being damaged, the microbial bed temperature remained in the range of 20 to 25 ° C. for a long time until the newspaper dried.
That is, even in the summer when the outside air is at a high temperature, it was proved that the bacterial bed temperature can be suppressed to about 25 ° C. or less by a simple method, and that culture management can be performed in a favorable temperature environment.

Since the present invention is configured as described above, the temperature control for avoiding the fungal bed high temperature failure in summer in the natural cultivation of fungus bed mushrooms can be easily performed, and the amount of water sprayed is much higher than usual. Therefore, it can be expected to increase the yield of mushrooms and reduce the running cost. Therefore, it can be applied to the cultivation method of mushroom growers.

It is a perspective view of the whole container of this invention. It is sectional drawing in one form of this invention. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the effect | action of this invention. It is a plane sectional view in another form of the present invention. It is a graph which shows the result of this invention Example.

Explanation of symbols

1 container
2 Box shape 3 Inclined wall 4 Vent hole 5 Water absorbent sheet

Claims (3)

The container surface including the surface in contact with the fungus bed is covered with a sheet of a water-absorbing material while ensuring the breathability of the container at a high temperature of 25 ° C. or higher in the cultivation process of mushroom fungus bed cultivation. In addition, a method for cultivating a mushroom, comprising supplying water to the sheet-like material and cooling the fungus bed in the container by absorption of heat generated by evaporation of the water. The method for cultivating mushrooms according to claim 1, wherein the sheet-like material is a thin cloth. The water supply means for absorbing moisture in the sheet is provided with a water storage tank below, and a cloth connected to the sheet is hung on the sheet, and the sheet is automatically sucked up by water absorption action by capillary action. The mushroom cultivation method described.

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