JPS6287026A - Artificial culture shelf for mushroom - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an artificial mushroom cultivation shelf used for artificially mass-producing mushrooms.

[Conventional technology]

In recent years, in the cultivation of mushrooms such as shiitake mushrooms, an artificial mushroom cultivation method has been developed and is widely used, in which the culture medium is taken out from a culture container and made into mushrooms.

In the above-mentioned artificial oval cultivation, mushrooms are generally cultivated by arranging artificial mushrooms in multiple stages on the mushroom artificial oval cultivation shelves 1 as shown in FIG. 7, and arranging these shelves in a house shown by chain lines. In this case, if you use an open wood log house equipped with watering equipment, the upper part of the cultivation shelf and the area near the window will tend to dry out, and the lower part and inside the house will be humid because the house structure is an open type with windows. Therefore, when performing the above-mentioned watering, it is necessary to perform watering for a long time in order to ensure a constant humidity also in the upper part of the cultivation shelf and near the window. When watering for such a long period of time, the mushrooms in the lower part of the house and inside the house are exposed to excessive humidity, and the moisture content of the mushrooms themselves becomes too high, making it difficult to commercialize dried products. There is a problem that the amount of rainfall becomes ``precipitation''. Therefore, in artificial cultivation of mushrooms, cultivation houses equipped with air conditioning equipment are used, and humidification, heating, dehumidification, cooling, etc. are artificially controlled in order to mass-produce high-quality mushrooms.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

As mentioned above, using air conditioning equipment in artificial mushroom cultivation is necessary for stable cultivation of mushrooms, but running costs are high and the mushroom cultivation environment is a closed system. However, it has the disadvantage that it is easily contaminated by harmful bacteria that breed in places with poor ventilation. Therefore, in artificial cultivation of mushrooms, there has been a strong desire for a method that can stably cultivate mushrooms using an open greenhouse with only conventional watering equipment.

This invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and is a mushroom artificial plant that does not require air conditioning equipment, maintains uniform humidity around the artificial mushroom cultivation rack at low cost, and achieves homogeneous mushroom cultivation. Its purpose is to provide Namegawa cultivation racks.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to achieve the above object, the mushroom artificial Namegawa cultivation shelf of the present invention has a surface moisturizing material with a large number of water permeable openings on the top and side surfaces of the shelf, which is made by mounting shelf boards in multiple stages on a frame material. It has a structure in which it is stretched.

In other words, as a result of extensive research into improving the method for stable artificial cultivation of mushrooms using an open greenhouse with only conventional watering equipment, the present inventors have developed a multi-stage method commonly used for artificial cultivation of mushrooms. If you put moisturizing material on the top and sides of the shelf of a type of cultivation shelf, and install the cultivation shelf inside the greenhouse with the side covered with moisturizing material facing the window of the greenhouse, you can use only a watering system without using air conditioning equipment. This invention was achieved by discovering that sufficiently stable mushroom cultivation could be achieved using this technique.

Next, the present invention will be explained in detail based on examples.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of the invention. 1
is a multi-stage cultivation rack for artificial mushroom cultivation, and a fabric fishing net (moisturizing material) 2 is stretched so as to cover the top surface of this cultivation rack 1 and one of the four sides. . This fishing m2 consists of three layers of fishing nets with a net diameter of 3 cm and 21 cm of twine. The fishing net 2 is stretched by fixing both the top and side surfaces to the cultivation rack 1, or by fixing only the top surface and letting the side surface hang down along the side surface of the cultivation rack 1.

The cultivation rack 1 equipped with the fishing net 2 is installed in a conventionally known open log cultivation house 3 with the fishing net 2 stretched side facing the window 5 as shown in FIG. 2, and is used for artificial mushroom cultivation. It will be done. The house 3 has a known water spraying nozzle type watering means 4.
In addition, the above-mentioned window 5 is provided for ventilation.
In addition, skylights 6 are provided, which can be opened as needed as shown in the figure. 7 is an artificial sword. In this way, since the fishing net 2 which is a moisturizing material is provided on the upper surface of the cultivation shelf 1 with respect to the watering means 4 of the house 3, when watering mushrooms, the water spouted from the watering means 4 is sprayed onto the fishing M42.
The fishing net 2 is supplied to the artificial fishing net 7 through the mesh of the
It is absorbed by the strands that make up the strands. After watering is stopped, as the inside of the house 3 dries, the moisture absorbed by the fish m2 evaporates, keeping the humidity inside the house 3 constant.

In particular, in House 3, it is easy to dry out from the artificial bamboo placed on the top of the house due to sunlight, etc., but the water evaporation in the fishing net 2 stretched over the top surface of the cultivation rack 1 prevents this, so it is more uniform. This allows the moisturizing effect to be maintained. Also, similarly, window 5
It is easy to cultivate artificial shogi nearby, but the cultivation shelf 1, fishing 1
Since the cultivation rack 1 is installed with the side on which the fishing net 2 is stretched facing the window 5, the water that permeates and is absorbed by the fishing net 2 when watering evaporates, preventing the artificial slide near the window 5 from drying out. It is possible.

Note that depending on the arrangement of the cultivation rack 1 in the house 3, the first
It is also possible to cover sides different from those shown in the figure with fishing nets 2 (see Figure 3), and when the degree of openness of the house 3 is high, two opposite sides of the four sides of the cultivation rack 1 can be covered. can also be covered with a fishing net 2. Moreover, all four sides of the cultivation rack 1 can be covered, and the state of covering the sides with the fishing net 2 is appropriately set in consideration of the openness of the greenhouse and the installation position of the rack.

Furthermore, in the above embodiment, a fishing net made of twine processed into a net-like structure was used as a moisturizing material, but it is not limited to fishing nets, but can be made of twine, woven fabric, non-woven fabric, porous material, sheet, etc. alone or in combination of two or more types. It may also be strung up.

The above-mentioned strands may be of any kind as long as they have water-retentive properties, and can be used as a moisturizing material by appropriately stretching the strands over the top and side surfaces of the cultivation rack. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, substantially parallel threads 7 are stretched to form a moisturizing material. In this case, during watering, water passes through the gaps 8 between the threads, while the water is absorbed by the twisted portions of the threads 7. In addition, the tightness and spacing of the strands,
The moisture retention inside the house can be adjusted freely by adjusting the thickness of the twine itself, the way it is twisted, etc.

Any woven fabric may be used as long as it has water-retaining properties, and as shown in FIG. 5, it may be used as a moisturizing material by appropriately stretching a relatively narrow band-like fabric 9. In this case, when watering,
While the water passes through the gaps 8 between the cloths, it is absorbed by the weave and thread twists of the band-like cloth 9. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 6, a woven fabric 9a provided with appropriate openings 10 may be stretched.

The above-mentioned non-woven fabric and porous material may be any material as long as it has water-retentive properties, and can be used in the same manner as the above-mentioned woven fabric.

Furthermore, the above-mentioned sheets include those made of high-molecular polymers, and those that have water-retaining properties are left as is, while those that do not have water-retaining properties are provided with a water-retaining uneven shape on the surface that receives water spray. Like the above-mentioned woven fabric, it is used in the form of a belt or the like.

Further, the cultivation shelf 1 on which the moisturizing material is stretched may be a conventionally known artificial oval cultivation shelf, and the material, shape, and number of two stages are not limited.

A 7-tier steel shelf with a height of 160 cm and a width of 65 cm (shelf spacing of 24 cm and 11 cm) was prepared with a fishing net stretched over the top and one side. Using this, artificial oval cultivation of shiitake mushrooms was carried out in a conventionally known open-type greenhouse, and the state of mushroom development and the state of growth of cypress mushrooms were evaluated. As a control, a conventional open house system without a moisturizer was evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.

From the results in Table 1, it can be seen that when the practical product is used, uniform humidity is maintained both in the upper part of the cultivation rack 1 and near the window, and the growth of shiitake mushrooms is good. In addition, the comparative product required watering for a longer period of time than the tested product in order to provide a constant level of humidity, so after harvesting the shiitake mushrooms, 20% of the total amount was harvested.
It can be seen that watering only takes a short period of time and watering does not occur when using the practical product, whereas watering occurs in 8% of cases.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, since the cultivation shelf for ruled artificial twigs of the present invention is equipped with a planar moisturizing material with water permeable openings on its top and side surfaces, water does not pass through the water permeable openings of the moisturizing material during watering. After watering is stopped, the moisture absorbed by the moisturizing material during watering evaporates, keeping the humidity around the cultivation rack constant. In particular, since moisture evaporates from the moisturizing material at the top of the cultivation rack and near the window, the imbalance in humidity between the top and bottom of the cultivation rack, between the window and the inside, which was a problem with conventional artificial cultivation, is resolved. This is a major feature of the present invention, as the watering time can be shortened. By shortening the watering time in this way, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of inferior quality mushrooms, and it is possible to supply mushrooms of stable quality.

Furthermore, the artificial mushroom cultivation rack of this invention has a high moisturizing effect due to the moisturizing material, so it is not necessary to make the greenhouse a closed system and install air conditioning equipment as in the past, and it is possible to use an open greenhouse. It has the advantage that it can save a lot of money, and that the good ventilation in the greenhouse effectively prevents the contamination of the Japanese cypress tree with harmful bacteria. In addition, used fishing nets or the like can be used as the moisturizing material, further reducing costs.

Furthermore, in greenhouse equipment where the roof of the greenhouse is made of vinyl, glass, etc. that allows sunlight to pass through, cheesecloth or the like is traditionally placed on the roof of the greenhouse to block direct sunlight, which inhibits the emergence and growth of mushrooms. However, according to this invention, a moisturizing material is stretched over the top surface of the cultivation shelf, so depending on the density of the moisturizing material, the moisturizing material blocks sunlight appropriately, eliminating the need for the cheesecloth mentioned above. The practical effects of being able to reduce the number of sheets used can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing how the invention is used, FIGS. 3 to 6 are perspective views of other embodiments, and FIG. 7 is a conventional FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an example usage mode. ■・・・Cultivation rack for artificial mushrooms 2...Fishing Y47...Twine 8...Gap 9.9a...Woven fabric 10...Opening patent applicant Kanebo Foods Co., Ltd. Figure 1, Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) Cultivation for artificial mushroom cultivation, characterized in that a surface moisturizing material with a large number of water permeable openings is stretched on the top and side surfaces of a shelf made by mounting shelf boards in multiple stages on a frame material. shelf. (2) The mushroom cultivation rack according to claim 1, wherein the moisturizing material is made of twine, woven fabric, nonwoven fabric, porous material, sheet, or a combination of two or more of these. (3) The cultivation rack for mushroom cultivation according to claim 2, wherein the moisturizing material is made of twine processed into a net-like structure.