JPS6274216A - Culture of mushroom (shiitake) - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Since the present invention is concerned with the cultivation method of shiitake mushrooms, it is particularly important to cultivate It-L mushrooms (this method is suitable for cultivation of shiitake mushrooms). It is related to.

Conventional technology - f (4 rivers - 4 lacks The conventional method of making shiitake mushrooms is i:, in the body, Kasagi 1),
5+] There is a possibility of cultivating with 1 degree for convenience, and please point out the following problems.

(1) The method of using the body + bone field is the method of using the pine injector λ/T.
Punishment by p insects 7g, suitable by L and other development''! 1 t4 place 1- (small, continuous 11. Wide place to avoid obstacles + 'Jj
Securing U.1: is a problem.

(2) Tachimoto 1's fake l: ↓rF is Kasagi Nazaitsu・1
(, (a little -) -・There is a problem, t'1:.

2)) Place 5 points under the eaves, 8. IX, t,, -] The cost and acquisition of materials such as pillars and materials such as pillars, and maintenance of the boneyard are expensive.

(・t) In addition, a technical problem common to the three methods mentioned above is that the cumulative temperature necessary for the growth of shiitake mycelia cannot be obtained sufficiently, so the phase ratio is delayed, especially in cold regions or highlands, and therefore the shiitake mushrooms The initial onset of this process is delayed (this results in a decrease in yield).

(5) Furthermore, conventional methods generally involve cultivation in natural environments;
There are large differences in the meteorological and geographical conditions.

However, appropriate cultivation methods for each region or forest in response to these environmental differences have not yet been established.

Because of this situation, in the case of abnormal weather such as cold summers, droughts, and severe winters, the product ratio of shiitake mushrooms is delayed and yields are reduced.

As a result of various studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the inventors of the present invention have devised a cultivation method in an enclosure as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. . That is, according to the method of the present invention, a certain enclosure is provided in a place with good sunlight, ventilation, and drainage, and where water is conveniently used for watering, and tank water is poured into the enclosure at a higher density than before. By covering the sides with eaves shade material and heat insulating material, it is possible to intensively carry out the phase ratio early, stably and efficiently without being affected by weather conditions.

The method of the present invention will be explained in detail below.

The enclosure of the present invention is installed in a location that satisfies the following location conditions.

(1) When cultivating shiitake mushrooms in an open area with long sunlight hours, it is important to secure the cumulative temperature necessary for the growth of shiitake mycelium. A location that can be secured for a long time is desirable. In cold regions or highlands,
This condition is especially required.

(2) Place with good ventilation To evaporate excess heat and moisture in the enclosure during the r season.

(Especially the cooling effect during the season) (3) Place with good drainage Can be used on flat or gently sloping land.

Excess moisture in the enclosure causes excess moisture in the mushrooms, which inhibits the growth of Shiitake fungi and causes the proliferation of harmful bacteria.

(4↓) There must be water available for watering.

The growth of shiitake mycelia is greatly influenced by the moisture content inside the tank water. The present invention controls and adjusts this moisture content by sprinkling water to make it easier for the Shiitake mushrooms to spread to the center.

Also, during high temperatures in the summer, water is sprinkled to lower the temperature inside the market. This uses not only the temperature reduction caused by the water temperature, but also the heat of evaporation during transpiration caused by heat insulation and the citrus tree getting wet.

Places that meet the location conditions (1) to (4) above are:
1. It can improve the efficiency of work that is required even close to home.

Next, the upper and side enclosures used in the present invention are V-shaped as shown below.

(1) The function of the eaves shade material that covers the enclosure is g.
j! II is required to have excellent light shielding, heat shielding, ventilation, and water permeability, and in winter, it must have good heat absorption, heat retention, and external electricity shielding properties.

A light-shielding net made of chemical fiber as an eaves shade material that has these functions [for example, Torene 7to (manufactured by Fujita Co., Ltd.)]
, Silver Net (manufactured by Fujita Co., Ltd.), Axter (manufactured by Toshiku Co., Ltd.)], Yoshizu, Como, Soda, Sugure, etc. In addition, the degree of eaves shade, water permeability during drainage, ventilation, and heat retention ability vary depending on the way the shading net is woven.

In other words, Lancel weave has excellent moisture permeability and breathability.
The second thing to note is that karami is excellent in its insulation and heat retention properties, and its water permeability is uneven.

Therefore, when using eaves and shade materials, it is necessary to select materials that suit the climatic conditions of the cultivation area.

(2) Next, the insulation material that supplements light under the eaves shade material is used to adjust the temperature and moisture inside the enclosure, and is made of rice straw, wheat straw, etc.
Examples include natural materials such as Kaya, soda, jute bags, and como, chemical fibers such as Axter and Tough Cloth (manufactured by Tsukiki Kagaku Co., Ltd.), and styrofoam.

The following describes how to manage these insulation materials.

The temperature inside the enclosure depends on the seasonal changes in the outside temperature, 17)
While monitoring the changes, increase the amount of heat insulating material, change the A-stripe, change the insulating material, etc., and control the temperature through the physiological functions of Shiri and bamboo hyphae.

(3) There are some types of enclosure materials that are used to prevent water from falling directly into the tank water, and to protect the tank water from unsuitable outside air environments. , jute bags, chemical fibers (some examples include Trenenoto and Acster), polystyrene, etc. are used.

The enclosure materials (1) to (3) above are used depending on the season, and in the summer! 1- Use enclosure materials such as training nets, straw, and jute bags to block heat and light, and in winter, use an impermeable material such as a vinyl sheet on the vertical side of the enclosure material to keep the inside of the enclosure warm. For the outer enclosure, use wood.

(,1) When using rice straw, wheat straw, etc. as the insulation material, the net that is required to be hung between the insulation material and the timber frame is
This is to prevent these from falling or shifting between the trees. An example of such a net is Rikimata Mi Moku No Tori Co., Ltd.) Fuji I1. 'l ''A) etcetera 7 弤.

(5) The raw fl' temperature of shiitake mushroom mycelia is generally 5
~:) It is in the range of 0°C, and the suitable temperature range is 20 to 2S'C. Outside the second range, i.e. 35°C or higher or 5°C
In the following, the hyphae either stop growing or become in a state of decreased vitality. Therefore, by tying together the three types of covering materials for the two parts and the sides described above, the shiitake mushroom mycelia can be kept in the growth temperature range, preferably at an appropriate temperature (this is a characteristic of the present invention. During the first season and the rainy season, it is possible to keep the temperature at an appropriate level by sprinkling water occasionally, and in the ninth season, the temperature can be maintained at an appropriate level by thickening straw and sprinkling water at appropriate times. Winter: Apply a heat insulating cover such as a vinyl sheet: It is possible to keep the temperature above 5°C longer than this.

Finally, the density of shiitake mushrooms in the enclosure above the bones is the same as the red-class fire of the tank water.
I112 or suitable, and if it is a standard tree, there will be 30 to 40 I11'.

By consolidating and lying down in this way, you can save on the battleground,
It also has the effect of improving work efficiency, etc.: 1 i.

To further illustrate the present invention, an actual example is shown below.

Example 1, Cultivation Method Josui logs (911,050 Crucian crucian carp) were used and the pulling process was carried out in February 1957.

The sample varieties are 3 high temperature varieties (+303.+303c, human-
Bar; ()ζ11: Warm system 1 +F? r species (903),
One variety was used.

((Direct bacteria) The number of inoculated pieces is (The number of pieces in Sea Town is treated as diameter Q, ri; 3 (: I
Approximately 20 pieces were cut into logs of l+, quality 90c+n.

The bundle of perforations should be 1 to 30 to 40111 nl, and t+? i
! -1-8 block of the piece that was 'f' was executed.

1 (to; (j2se) The method of i'zuζ is 4.j): (I piled it up to the height of Oc + n, sprinkled straw on the top of it, and attached the top with a trenet. We advised them to sprinkle water as appropriate while monitoring the condition of the area.

・Book (KSEJ early June, +41,'> mX IM] 4m, height S
o(+Il+'s enclosure: I faked this -1-recorded tank water. Book IJ:, The way to make it is to put two jute bags around the waist and the waist area.) 11. Sprinkle rice straw on top of it. Part 1 of it was covered with eaves shade material of trene. Add heat to the heat: Scatter the amount of straw insulation on the second part. At will.Water as needed while monitoring the condition of the tree and its internal temperature.The watering will be carried out as needed in January. One way is to equalize the degree of elongation of the hyphae.

2.Result 2-1 榾性STATE In the middle of 浾ibi, in October F phrase, in the body section of the conventional method (with the method of the present invention) I was determined to carry out an investigation and a comparative study on the occurrence of harmful bacteria in the area. As p '+', Trichotherma bacteria etc. are 5% l'J of the whole tree, μ(1γi,
・ru (bone 4, wo, big ears etc. 5 “j is + o O
,,Then again, the power is ■: Good 1 tithe, and beyond that, it is good to have good bones.

Jj: Truth rate jq/) Hashirauchi Ward 90 97 96 96 95
．． 3. The method of the present invention showed a better yield ratio than the Hashirauchi method.

(Regarding the extension of hyphae inside the graft) As shown in Figure 3 (cross-sectional view of the hand bone tree), the method of the present invention allows hyphae to spread well into the interior of the graft, but inside the graft in the Hashirauchi area, there is still fresh wood. There was a noticeable delay in elongation.

2-2 Temperature status inside the enclosure] 1) η period (Figure 4) The measurement location was the middle part of the enclosure (35+n above ground).As shown in the diagram, during the day the temperature was slightly higher than in the pillar area, but lower than the outside temperature. The temperature drop after sunset is slow and the minimum temperature at night is high.
The time it took to stay in the temperature range suitable for rot) was long.

Winter season (fifth flash) As a method of keeping the temperature inside the enclosure warm from the outside temperature of 1 degree F during the winter season, the entire surrounding area is covered with a vinyl sheet (nashiji) and the inside temperature is increased. We investigated the trends in

(1) The limit temperature for mushroom hyphae growth is said to be 5°C.

As shown in the figure (compared to the internal body temperature, the temperature decreases slowly from ' to the next morning, and the time period in which the temperature is kept below 5°C is 10 to 11 hours, compared to 5 to 7 hours in Hashirauchi Ward). I was able to secure it well.

2-3 Generation of Shiitake mushrooms The results of 5 to 6 occurrences of flooding of fresh water compared with fresh water in Hashiranai Ward using the method of the present invention are as shown in the following table (i).

The number of fresh shiitake mushrooms generated per i of fresh water is shown as the generation index according to the method of the present invention, with the generation index of Hashirauchi Ward set as 100.

Occurrence Index Index Index Index column area 100 100 100 10
As shown in the table below, the yield of the plants cultivated by the method of the present invention was higher than that of the Hashiranai area.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a general view of the enclosure of the invention, and FIG. 2 is a partial view thereof. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the method of the present invention in an example and the tank water in the body area l), and FIGS. 4 and 5 are the same
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing temperature changes in the enclosure, inside the pillar, and outside air in summer Jυ1 and in winter of the present invention in Examples. Patent application k Meiji Sona Co., Ltd. 2 companies Patent application partner Tang σ〈 Honest Figure 1 Figure 2

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Set up an enclosure in a place with good sunlight, ventilation, and drainage, and convenient access to water, adjust the ventilation, lay down Japanese oak trees in the enclosure, and cover the top and sides with eaves and heat insulation. A method for cultivating shiitake mushrooms, which is characterized by covering the enclosure with wood and artificially adjusting the temperature inside the enclosure to a suitable temperate zone for the growth of shiitake mycelium. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the eaves shade material and the heat insulating material are selected from a light-shielding net made of chemically synthesized fibers, natural materials, nonwoven fabrics, plastic sheets, foamed plastic sheets, and foamed plastic plates. 3. Natural materials are Yoshizu, Como, Soda, Sudare, Rice straw,
The method according to claim 2, wherein the method is selected from wheat straw, straw, and jute bags. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein a net is placed over the fallen shiitake mushrooms as necessary to prevent the insulation material on the shiitake mushrooms from falling or shifting. 5. The density of shiitake mushroom trees to lie down is approximately 10 to 50 trees/m
The method according to claim 1, which is ^2.