JP2006522220A - 硫化アルミニウムの電解方法 - Google Patents
硫化アルミニウムの電解方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2006522220A JP2006522220A JP2006505009A JP2006505009A JP2006522220A JP 2006522220 A JP2006522220 A JP 2006522220A JP 2006505009 A JP2006505009 A JP 2006505009A JP 2006505009 A JP2006505009 A JP 2006505009A JP 2006522220 A JP2006522220 A JP 2006522220A
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- bath
- electrolysis
- cryolite
- molten
- anode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- COOGPNLGKIHLSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium sulfide Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[S-2].[S-2].[S-2] COOGPNLGKIHLSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910001610 cryolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 fluoride compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001514 alkali metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 22
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 16
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 15
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 14
- 238000009626 Hall-Héroult process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 230000009918 complex formation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005363 electrowinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BUKHSQBUKZIMLB-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium;sodium;dichloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-].[Cl-].[K+] BUKHSQBUKZIMLB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005486 sulfidation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical group F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002730 additional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- DXHPZXWIPWDXHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monosulfide Chemical compound [S+]#[C-] DXHPZXWIPWDXHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006471 dimerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005518 electrochemistry Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013213 extrapolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009790 rate-determining step (RDS) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011833 salt mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004174 sulfur cycle Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/18—Electrolytes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
カソード Al3++3e−→Al (1)
アノード 2S2−→S2(g)+4e− (2)
全体的 Al2S3→2Al+1.5S2(g) (3)
E0=分解電位
ΔG0=Gibbsの自由エネルギー
n=イオンの原子価(アルミニウムに関しては3)
F=Faraday定数
である。
MgCl2+Al2S3→2AlSCl+MgS(s) (5)
S2−→S+2e−(電気化学的2電子プロセス) (6)
S+S→S2(硫黄原子のS2への二量体化) (7)
AlCl3+Al2S3→3AlSCl
・電流密度対セル電位の関係の勾配は、氷晶石をMgCl2−NaCl−KCl共融物に加えることにより、ほとんどファクター3増加するが、これは、電導度増加から予想されるよりもはるかに大きい。
・NaFの比電導度ははるかに高いにも関わらず、氷晶石10重量%を加えることにより、NaFの添加より、見掛け電導度が大きく改良される。
・電解質中の、最適なフッ化物の量、またはフッ化物とアルミニウムの比があるようである。
実験 Al2S3 融剤 融剤の量
(重量%)
A 4 − −
B 4 − −
C 4 Na3AlF6 10
D 10 Na3AlF6 10
E 4 Na3AlF6 5
F 4 Na3AlF6 15
G 4 Na3AlF6 20
H 4 Na3AlF6 30
K 4 NaF 10
L 4 NaF 30
Claims (10)
- Al2S3が溶解している溶融塩の浴、好ましくは溶融塩化物塩の浴を使用するAl2S3の電解方法であって、前記浴中の電流密度を増加することができるように、前記浴の電導度を改良する手段を採る、方法。
- 前記手段が、前記浴に添加剤を加えることを含んでなる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記添加剤が、フッ化物化合物を含んでなる、好ましくは主としてフッ化物化合物からなる、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記フッ化物化合物が、氷晶石である、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記氷晶石の濃度が5〜30重量%、好ましくは7〜15重量%、より好ましくは約10重量%である、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記手段が、前記浴中に伸びるアノードの有効面積を、前記アノードを覆う気泡の量および/または大きさを下げることにより、高めることを含んでなる、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記溶融塩の浴が、主としてアルカリ金属塩化物、好ましくはKClおよびNaCl、を含んでなる、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記溶融金属の浴が、アルカリ土類塩化物を実質的に含まない、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記電解が、600℃〜850℃、好ましくは700℃〜800℃、の浴温度で行われる、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記電解が、多極電解セル中で行われる、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP03075948.4 | 2003-03-31 | ||
EP03075948 | 2003-03-31 | ||
PCT/EP2004/003625 WO2004088000A2 (en) | 2003-03-31 | 2004-03-31 | Process for the electrolysis of aluminiumsulfide |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2006522220A true JP2006522220A (ja) | 2006-09-28 |
JP2006522220A5 JP2006522220A5 (ja) | 2011-09-08 |
JP4975431B2 JP4975431B2 (ja) | 2012-07-11 |
Family
ID=33104133
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006505009A Expired - Fee Related JP4975431B2 (ja) | 2003-03-31 | 2004-03-31 | 硫化アルミニウムの電解方法 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20080202939A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1625245A2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4975431B2 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2004225794B8 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2520798C (ja) |
NO (1) | NO20055027L (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2341591C2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004088000A2 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2014237873A (ja) * | 2013-06-07 | 2014-12-18 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 溶融塩の製造方法、溶融塩及びアルミニウムの製造方法 |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA2603095C (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2013-05-21 | Aleris Aluminum Koblenz Gmbh | Method and apparatus for the production of aluminium |
US7867373B2 (en) | 2005-04-01 | 2011-01-11 | Aleris Aluminum Koblenz Gmbh | Method and apparatus for the production of aluminum |
KR101290586B1 (ko) * | 2012-04-25 | 2013-07-30 | 한국수력원자력 주식회사 | 사용후 핵연료의 폐 피복관 제염 방법 및 그 장치 |
US10975484B2 (en) | 2013-07-09 | 2021-04-13 | United Company RUSAL Engineering and Technology Centre LLC | Electrolyte for obtaining melts using an aluminum electrolyzer |
WO2019094921A1 (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2019-05-16 | Chromalox, Inc. | Medium voltage molten salt heater and molten salt thermal energy storage system including same |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS54114410A (en) * | 1978-02-27 | 1979-09-06 | Shirou Yoshizawa | Production of metal aluminium |
WO2000037691A1 (en) * | 1998-12-18 | 2000-06-29 | Corus Technology Bv | Method and apparatus for the production of aluminium from alumina ore by aluminiumsulfide process |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB484014A (en) * | 1936-12-04 | 1938-04-29 | Daniel Gardner | Improvements in or relating to electrolytic processes for the manufacture of aluminium |
US2939824A (en) * | 1957-07-26 | 1960-06-07 | Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp | Method and apparatus for the production of aluminum |
US4133727A (en) * | 1977-05-17 | 1979-01-09 | Aluminum Company Of America | Method for extracting heat from a chamber containing a molten salt |
US4265716A (en) * | 1979-06-14 | 1981-05-05 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Method of winning aluminum metal from aluminous ore |
US4464234A (en) * | 1982-04-01 | 1984-08-07 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Production of aluminum metal by electrolysis of aluminum sulfide |
DE3412114A1 (de) * | 1984-03-31 | 1985-10-10 | Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim | Verfahren zur herstellung von aluminium |
-
2004
- 2004-03-31 CA CA002520798A patent/CA2520798C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-03-31 EP EP04724605A patent/EP1625245A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-03-31 AU AU2004225794A patent/AU2004225794B8/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-03-31 WO PCT/EP2004/003625 patent/WO2004088000A2/en active Application Filing
- 2004-03-31 JP JP2006505009A patent/JP4975431B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-03-31 US US10/550,678 patent/US20080202939A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-03-31 RU RU2005133440/02A patent/RU2341591C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2005
- 2005-10-28 NO NO20055027A patent/NO20055027L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS54114410A (en) * | 1978-02-27 | 1979-09-06 | Shirou Yoshizawa | Production of metal aluminium |
WO2000037691A1 (en) * | 1998-12-18 | 2000-06-29 | Corus Technology Bv | Method and apparatus for the production of aluminium from alumina ore by aluminiumsulfide process |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2014237873A (ja) * | 2013-06-07 | 2014-12-18 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 溶融塩の製造方法、溶融塩及びアルミニウムの製造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP4975431B2 (ja) | 2012-07-11 |
CA2520798C (en) | 2009-06-16 |
AU2004225794B8 (en) | 2009-10-22 |
RU2341591C2 (ru) | 2008-12-20 |
RU2005133440A (ru) | 2006-06-10 |
CA2520798A1 (en) | 2004-10-14 |
NO20055027L (no) | 2005-10-28 |
WO2004088000A2 (en) | 2004-10-14 |
AU2004225794B2 (en) | 2009-08-20 |
EP1625245A2 (en) | 2006-02-15 |
WO2004088000A3 (en) | 2005-01-13 |
US20080202939A1 (en) | 2008-08-28 |
AU2004225794A8 (en) | 2009-10-22 |
AU2004225794A1 (en) | 2004-10-14 |
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