JP2006348314A - ねじ及びねじ締結構造 - Google Patents
ねじ及びねじ締結構造 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2006348314A JP2006348314A JP2005172263A JP2005172263A JP2006348314A JP 2006348314 A JP2006348314 A JP 2006348314A JP 2005172263 A JP2005172263 A JP 2005172263A JP 2005172263 A JP2005172263 A JP 2005172263A JP 2006348314 A JP2006348314 A JP 2006348314A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- screw
- trivalent chromium
- chemical conversion
- conversion film
- bolt
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+) Chemical compound [Cr+6] JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 238000007739 conversion coating Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004532 chromating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001845 chromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
- C23C28/023—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material only coatings of metal elements only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
- C23C28/023—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material only coatings of metal elements only
- C23C28/025—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material only coatings of metal elements only with at least one zinc-based layer
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B33/00—Features common to bolt and nut
- F16B33/06—Surface treatment of parts furnished with screw-thread, e.g. for preventing seizure or fretting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2222/00—Aspects relating to chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive medium
- C23C2222/10—Use of solutions containing trivalent chromium but free of hexavalent chromium
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S411/00—Expanded, threaded, driven, headed, tool-deformed, or locked-threaded fastener
- Y10S411/914—Coated bolt
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】 ボルト1の表面には、亜鉛メッキ処理により、亜鉛メッキ層16が形成され、この亜鉛メッキ層116の上にさらに、3価クロムの化成皮膜処理により、3価クロムの化成皮膜17が形成される。この被膜17は、ボルト1の締め込みによりボルト1の被締付け部材に対する接触部の3価クロムの化成皮膜17が削れて亜鉛系メッキ層16が表面に露出可能に薄く、軟質に形成される。
【選択図】 図1
Description
11 頭部
12 フランジ部
13 座面
14 ねじ
15 軸部
16亜鉛メッキ層
17 3価クロムの化成皮膜
2 ねじ締結構造
20 クランクプーリー
Claims (4)
- 表面に亜鉛系メッキ層を形成され、該亜鉛メッキ層の上に6価クロムを含有しない3価クロムの化成皮膜が形成されるねじにおいて、
少なくともねじの被締付け部材に対する接触部の、前記3価クロムの化成皮膜の膜厚は、ねじの締め込みによりねじと被締付け部材が接触して、ねじ側の接触部の前記3価クロムの化成皮膜が削れて前記亜鉛系メッキ層が露出可能に薄く形成されることを特徴とするねじ。 - 3価クロムの化成皮膜の膜厚は50nm以上100nm未満の範囲から設定される請求項1に記載のねじ。
- 金属部材間をねじの締め込みにより締結するねじ締結構造において、
前記金属部材と前記ねじの接触部の少なくとも一方に、亜鉛系メッキ層を形成され、該亜鉛系メッキ層の上に6価クロムを含有しない3価クロムの化成皮膜が形成され、
前記3価クロムの化成皮膜の膜厚は、ねじの締め込みにより前記接触部の前記3価クロムの化成皮膜が削れて前記亜鉛系メッキ層が露出可能に薄く形成されることを特徴とするねじ締結構造。 - 3価クロムの化成皮膜の膜厚は50nm以上100nm未満の範囲から設定される請求項3に記載のねじ締結構造。
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005172263A JP4851121B2 (ja) | 2005-06-13 | 2005-06-13 | ねじ及びねじ締結構造 |
CN200680021183.9A CN100580259C (zh) | 2005-06-13 | 2006-06-12 | 螺纹及螺纹紧固连接结构 |
PCT/JP2006/311727 WO2006134857A1 (ja) | 2005-06-13 | 2006-06-12 | ねじ及びねじ締結構造 |
US11/917,412 US7976258B2 (en) | 2005-06-13 | 2006-06-12 | Screw and screw fastening structure |
EP06766589A EP1900945B1 (en) | 2005-06-13 | 2006-06-12 | Screw and screw fastening structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005172263A JP4851121B2 (ja) | 2005-06-13 | 2005-06-13 | ねじ及びねじ締結構造 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2006348314A true JP2006348314A (ja) | 2006-12-28 |
JP4851121B2 JP4851121B2 (ja) | 2012-01-11 |
Family
ID=37532219
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005172263A Active JP4851121B2 (ja) | 2005-06-13 | 2005-06-13 | ねじ及びねじ締結構造 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7976258B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1900945B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4851121B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100580259C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006134857A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008296355A (ja) * | 2007-06-04 | 2008-12-11 | Shimadzu Corp | 雄ネジ部品の締付方法及びトルクレンチ |
JP2018523065A (ja) * | 2015-06-11 | 2018-08-16 | ヒルティ アクチエンゲゼルシャフト | 二重コーティングを備えた拡張アンカー |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20110070429A1 (en) * | 2009-09-18 | 2011-03-24 | Thomas H. Rochester | Corrosion-resistant coating for active metals |
DE102010002579A1 (de) * | 2010-03-04 | 2011-09-08 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Befestigungsmittel und zugehöriges Herstellungsverfahren |
JP6283857B2 (ja) * | 2013-08-28 | 2018-02-28 | ディップソール株式会社 | 耐食性及び黒色外観に優れた車両用黒色締結部材 |
US10344894B2 (en) * | 2013-10-02 | 2019-07-09 | Parker-Hannifin Corporation | Retention and anti-rotation for bulkhead fittings |
US9908637B2 (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2018-03-06 | The Boeing Company | Modified shank fasteners for electromagnetic effect (EME) technology |
CN104482034B (zh) * | 2014-09-28 | 2017-04-19 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | 球头连杆以及连杆总成以及球头连杆的加工方法 |
US9738792B2 (en) * | 2015-02-03 | 2017-08-22 | Nylok Llc | Articles having thermoset coatings and coating methods |
DE102015211626A1 (de) * | 2015-06-23 | 2017-01-19 | Richard Bergner Verbindungstechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Verbindungselements sowie Verbindungselement |
ES2786191T3 (es) * | 2016-07-29 | 2020-10-09 | Kamax Holding Gmbh & Co Kg | Tornillo de alta resistencia con una capa de recocido |
EP3486504A1 (de) | 2017-11-15 | 2019-05-22 | HILTI Aktiengesellschaft | Befestigungselement mit partikelbeschichtung |
US11137014B2 (en) | 2019-01-08 | 2021-10-05 | The Boeing Company | Conductive fastening system and method for improved EME performance |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2000219975A (ja) * | 1999-01-28 | 2000-08-08 | Nippon Parkerizing Co Ltd | 表面処理されたMg合金およびその表面処理方法 |
JP2002188616A (ja) * | 2000-12-19 | 2002-07-05 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | マグネシウム合金部材のボルト締結構造 |
JP2004003019A (ja) * | 1996-04-19 | 2004-01-08 | Surtec Produkte & Systeme Fuer Die Oberflaechen Behandlung Gmbh | 六価クロムを含有しない化成皮膜の生成方法 |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5783710A (en) | 1980-11-10 | 1982-05-25 | Nippon Pillar Packing | Corrosion proof bolt and nut for strongly fastening |
CN1049873A (zh) * | 1989-08-30 | 1991-03-13 | 世丰螺丝厂股份有限公司 | 固定元件的表面处理法 |
US5415702A (en) * | 1993-09-02 | 1995-05-16 | Mcgean-Rohco, Inc. | Black chromium-containing conversion coatings on zinc-nickel and zinc-iron alloys |
SE9403773L (sv) | 1994-11-02 | 1996-05-03 | Faestsystem I Karlskoga Ab | Skruv samt sätt att tillverka och behandla en skruv |
JP3344960B2 (ja) | 1999-02-25 | 2002-11-18 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | スパークプラグ及びその製造方法 |
JP4418586B2 (ja) | 2000-12-14 | 2010-02-17 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | スパークプラグ及びその製造方法 |
JP2003213448A (ja) | 2001-11-13 | 2003-07-30 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | クロメート被膜付き金属部材及びその製造方法 |
JP3620510B2 (ja) * | 2002-04-05 | 2005-02-16 | ユケン工業株式会社 | 基材とその製造方法と自動車部品 |
JP2004263240A (ja) | 2003-02-28 | 2004-09-24 | Nitto Seiko Co Ltd | 黒色六価クロムフリー鍍金処理システム |
US20070243397A1 (en) * | 2006-04-17 | 2007-10-18 | Ludwig Robert J | Chromium(VI)-free, aqueous acidic chromium(III) conversion solutions |
-
2005
- 2005-06-13 JP JP2005172263A patent/JP4851121B2/ja active Active
-
2006
- 2006-06-12 EP EP06766589A patent/EP1900945B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-06-12 WO PCT/JP2006/311727 patent/WO2006134857A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2006-06-12 US US11/917,412 patent/US7976258B2/en active Active
- 2006-06-12 CN CN200680021183.9A patent/CN100580259C/zh active Active
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2004003019A (ja) * | 1996-04-19 | 2004-01-08 | Surtec Produkte & Systeme Fuer Die Oberflaechen Behandlung Gmbh | 六価クロムを含有しない化成皮膜の生成方法 |
JP2000219975A (ja) * | 1999-01-28 | 2000-08-08 | Nippon Parkerizing Co Ltd | 表面処理されたMg合金およびその表面処理方法 |
JP2002188616A (ja) * | 2000-12-19 | 2002-07-05 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | マグネシウム合金部材のボルト締結構造 |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008296355A (ja) * | 2007-06-04 | 2008-12-11 | Shimadzu Corp | 雄ネジ部品の締付方法及びトルクレンチ |
JP2018523065A (ja) * | 2015-06-11 | 2018-08-16 | ヒルティ アクチエンゲゼルシャフト | 二重コーティングを備えた拡張アンカー |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7976258B2 (en) | 2011-07-12 |
EP1900945A1 (en) | 2008-03-19 |
EP1900945A4 (en) | 2010-06-30 |
US20090290953A1 (en) | 2009-11-26 |
JP4851121B2 (ja) | 2012-01-11 |
CN101198799A (zh) | 2008-06-11 |
EP1900945B1 (en) | 2011-12-28 |
CN100580259C (zh) | 2010-01-13 |
WO2006134857A1 (ja) | 2006-12-21 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP4851121B2 (ja) | ねじ及びねじ締結構造 | |
US4802807A (en) | Threaded fastener | |
DK2847473T3 (en) | Self-drilling screw and the use thereof | |
JP6549133B2 (ja) | 摺動エレメント | |
JP2013521445A (ja) | 固定手段およびそれに関連する製造方法 | |
US20140169911A1 (en) | Sealer, fastener, bolt and method of fabricating bolt | |
JP2005256868A (ja) | 一対の摺動部材 | |
DE502007000465D1 (de) | Kombinierte befestigungsanordnung mit beschichtung | |
JP2005521847A (ja) | めっきファスナ挿入体及びこれを製造する方法 | |
JP2008032038A (ja) | 車両用締結構造体 | |
JP2003130024A (ja) | セルフタッピングネジ | |
JP2018044574A (ja) | タッピンねじ | |
JP3176068U (ja) | ステンレス鋼ボルト | |
JP2010025320A (ja) | 締結構造体 | |
WO2018131312A1 (ja) | ブレーキシム用素材 | |
JP4874017B2 (ja) | ガス栓及びガス栓の製造方法 | |
JP2007333186A (ja) | ねじ式ファスナー及びその製造方法 | |
JPS60139909A (ja) | 座金組込みボルトの製造方法 | |
KR101776824B1 (ko) | 내부식성이 향상된 인히비터 스위치 | |
JP6459865B2 (ja) | バルブ装置の製造方法 | |
TH64918B (th) | สกรูและโครงสร้างการขันยึดสกรู | |
JP2008281050A (ja) | 固定装置およびそれを備えた輸送機器 | |
JPH07216582A (ja) | 耐隙間腐食性に優れた締結部材 | |
DE69320615T2 (de) | Oberflächenbehandeltes Metallblech, welches sich durch Bearbeitbarkeit elektrischen Widerstand und Korrosionsbeständigkeit auszeichnet und Methode zur Herstellung desselben | |
KR101008315B1 (ko) | 에칭공정 및 전기도금 공정이 포함된 전착도장 방법 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20080421 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20101130 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20110127 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20110927 |
|
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20111020 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 4851121 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20141028 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |