JP2006216274A - 燃料電池用の改質器および燃料電池システム - Google Patents
燃料電池用の改質器および燃料電池システム Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】 改質器100は、炭化水素系の原燃料202が導入される原燃料導入口114が設けられ、原燃料導入口114から導入された原燃料202を蒸発させる蒸発部102と、蒸発部102に設けられ、原燃料202を水素含有量の高い改質燃料に改質する改質触媒108を収容する触媒収容部104と、触媒収容部104上に、触媒収容部104に連通して設けられた水素送出口118と、を含む。
【選択図】 図1
Description
3H2 → 6H+ + 6e− (1)
3/2O2 + 6H+ + 6e− → 3H2O (2)
CH3OH + H2O → CO2 + 3H2 (3)
改質器100は、蒸発部102と、触媒収容部104と、水素分離部106と、蒸発部102および触媒収容部104を加熱する加熱部120とを有する。改質器100は、蒸発部102、触媒収容部104、および水素分離部106が下からこの順で鉛直方向に配置された縦型配置とされる。
CO + H2O ⇔ CO2 + H2 (4)
図2は、本実施の形態における改質器の構成を示す図である。
図2(a)は、改質器100の正面断面図である。図2(b)は、改質器100の側面断面図である。
図3は、本実施の形態における改質器100で改質された改質燃料が燃料電池302に供給される様子を示す模式図である。以下、図2および図3を参照して説明する。
図5は、本実施の形態における改質器の構成を示す図である。
図5(a)は、改質器100の外観図である。図5(b)は、改質器100の断面図である。
図10(a)は、改質器100の上面模式図、図10(b)は、改質器100の側面図である。ここでは、円筒型筐体170の内部を断面図で示す。
ここでも、改質器100は、図10に示した改質器100と同様の構成を有する。本例では、加熱部120の加熱源としてアルコールランプ180を用いる点で図10に示した例と異なる。
φ=1となるようにメタノール流量および水流量を設定した。このような条件で、原燃料を水蒸気改質法により改質した。触媒収容部104の上部から送出される改質燃料中に含まれる水素(H2)、一酸化炭素(CO)、二酸化炭素(CO2)および窒素(N2)の含有量を測定した。その結果を図9(a)に示す。
φ=0.91となるようにメタノール流量および水流量を設定した。このような条件で、原燃料を水蒸気改質法により改質した。触媒収容部104の上部から送出される改質燃料中に含まれる水素(H2)、一酸化炭素(CO)、二酸化炭素(CO2)および窒素(N2)の含有量を測定した。その結果を図9(b)に示す。
φ=0.83となるようにメタノール流量および水流量を設定した。このような条件で、原燃料を水蒸気改質法により改質した。触媒収容部104の上部から送出される改質燃料中に含まれる水素(H2)、一酸化炭素(CO)、二酸化炭素(CO2)および窒素(N2)の含有量を測定した。その結果を図9(c)に示す。
102 蒸発部
104 触媒収容部
106 水素分離部
108 改質触媒
110 酸化触媒
112 水素透過膜
114 原燃料導入口
116 二酸化炭素放出口
118 水素送出口
120 加熱部
130 第一筐体
132 支持板
134 第二筐体
136 保持板
138 第三筐体
140 多孔質シート
142 上部板
144 留め具
150 メッシュ
152 メッシュ
154 メッシュ
156 孔
158 原燃料導入管
170 円筒型筐体
172 支持台
174 バルブ
176 燃料循環管
180 アルコールランプ
182 ガス排出管
184 バルブ
186 水素燃焼触媒
200 原燃料収容タンク
202 原燃料
204 圧縮ガス
300 ノートパソコン
302 燃料電池
Claims (13)
- 炭化水素系の原燃料が導入される原燃料導入口が設けられ、前記原燃料導入口から導入された前記原燃料を蒸発させる蒸発部と、
前記蒸発部上に当該蒸発部に連通して設けられ、前記原燃料を水素含有量の高い改質燃料に改質する改質触媒を収容する触媒収容部と、
前記触媒収容部上に当該触媒収容部に連通して設けられた改質燃料送出口と、
を含むことを特徴とする燃料電池用の改質器。 - 請求項1に記載の改質器において、
前記蒸発部および前記触媒収容部が下からこの順で鉛直方向に配置された縦型配置であることを特徴とする改質器。 - 請求項1または2に記載の改質器において、
燃料の流路は、一定幅を有し、かつ直線状に形成されたことを特徴とする改質器。 - 請求項1乃至3いずれかに記載の改質器において、
前記蒸発部および前記触媒収容部の周囲に設けられた加熱部をさらに含むことを特徴とする改質器。 - 請求項1乃至4いずれかに記載の改質器において、
前記触媒収容部と前記改質燃料送出口との間に設けられ、前記触媒収容部で改質された前記改質燃料中の水素含有量を高める処理を行う水素分離部をさらに含むことを特徴とする改質器。 - 請求項5に記載の改質器において、
前記水素分離部は、水素を選択的に透過させる水素透過膜を含むことを特徴とする改質器。 - 請求項5または6に記載の改質器において、
前記水素分離部は、前記触媒収容部で改質された前記改質燃料中の一酸化炭素を選択的に酸化する優先酸化触媒を含むことを特徴とする改質器。 - 請求項1乃至7いずれかに記載の改質器において、
前記触媒収容部は、前記改質触媒を、当該触媒収容部の壁面に略平行な面に保持する保持板を含むことを特徴とする改質器。 - 請求項8に記載の改質器において、
前記保持板は、前記改質触媒を含む複数の塊を、互いに間隔を隔てて保持することを特徴とする改質器。 - 請求項1乃至9いずれかに記載の改質器において、
前記蒸発部および前記触媒収容部は、二枚の平行平板を有し、底面が長方形の筐体に収容され、前記蒸発部で蒸発された前記原燃料の流量は、前記長方形の長い方の辺の長さにより規定されることを特徴とする改質器。 - 請求項1乃至10いずれかに記載の改質器において、
前記蒸発部および前記触媒収容部は、円筒型の筐体に収容されたことを特徴とする改質器。 - 請求項1乃至11いずれかに記載の改質器において、
前記原燃料導入口に接続されるとともに、圧縮ガスおよび前記原燃料を含む原燃料収容容器をさらに含むことを特徴とする改質器。 - 請求項1乃至12いずれかに記載の改質器と、
前記改質器の前記改質燃料送出口から送出される改質燃料が供給される燃料極、および酸化剤が供給される酸化剤極、を含む燃料電池と、
を含むことを特徴とする燃料電池システム。
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JP2005025541A JP3872491B2 (ja) | 2005-02-01 | 2005-02-01 | 燃料電池用の改質器および燃料電池システム |
US11/343,482 US20060172161A1 (en) | 2005-02-01 | 2006-01-31 | Reformer for fuel cell and fuel cell system |
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JP2005025541A JP3872491B2 (ja) | 2005-02-01 | 2005-02-01 | 燃料電池用の改質器および燃料電池システム |
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Cited By (2)
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WO2013031502A1 (ja) * | 2011-08-31 | 2013-03-07 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 再生可能エネルギ貯蔵システム |
JP2014171944A (ja) * | 2013-03-07 | 2014-09-22 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal | 連続式固定床触媒反応装置及びこれを用いた触媒反応方法 |
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US7648566B2 (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2010-01-19 | General Electric Company | Methods and apparatus for carbon dioxide removal from a fluid stream |
CN101765559B (zh) * | 2007-07-27 | 2015-04-29 | 新日本石油株式会社 | 氢制造和二氧化碳回收方法以及装置 |
DE102012214435A1 (de) * | 2012-08-14 | 2014-02-20 | Elringklinger Ag | Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Brennstoffzellensystems |
US11052364B2 (en) * | 2016-02-08 | 2021-07-06 | Kt Kinetics Technology Spa | Enhanced efficiency endothermic reactor for syngas production with flexible heat recovery to meet low export steam generation |
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JPH0930801A (ja) * | 1995-07-19 | 1997-02-04 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 改質反応器 |
US6537352B2 (en) * | 1996-10-30 | 2003-03-25 | Idatech, Llc | Hydrogen purification membranes, components and fuel processing systems containing the same |
DE10196651B3 (de) * | 2000-09-20 | 2015-04-02 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Brennstoff-Reformierungsanlage für eine Polymerelektrolytmembran-Brennstoffzelle |
DE10061084A1 (de) * | 2000-12-08 | 2002-07-04 | Emitec Emissionstechnologie | Reformeranlage mit Wärmeschild |
EP1324414A3 (en) * | 2001-12-25 | 2003-11-26 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Hydrogen generation system and fuel cell system having the same |
JP3838192B2 (ja) * | 2002-11-26 | 2006-10-25 | カシオ計算機株式会社 | 電源システム及び電源システムの異常検出方法 |
JP2004342413A (ja) * | 2003-05-14 | 2004-12-02 | Toshiba Corp | 燃料電池システム |
US20060156627A1 (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2006-07-20 | Ultracell Corporation | Fuel processor for use with portable fuel cells |
US7456021B2 (en) * | 2004-01-16 | 2008-11-25 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Analysis method |
KR100542217B1 (ko) * | 2004-06-07 | 2006-01-12 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 연료 전지 시스템 및 이에 사용되는 개질기 |
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WO2013031502A1 (ja) * | 2011-08-31 | 2013-03-07 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 再生可能エネルギ貯蔵システム |
JP2013049600A (ja) * | 2011-08-31 | 2013-03-14 | Hitachi Ltd | 再生可能エネルギ貯蔵システム |
JP2014171944A (ja) * | 2013-03-07 | 2014-09-22 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal | 連続式固定床触媒反応装置及びこれを用いた触媒反応方法 |
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