JP2005536430A - 水素発生装置 - Google Patents
水素発生装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2005536430A JP2005536430A JP2004530811A JP2004530811A JP2005536430A JP 2005536430 A JP2005536430 A JP 2005536430A JP 2004530811 A JP2004530811 A JP 2004530811A JP 2004530811 A JP2004530811 A JP 2004530811A JP 2005536430 A JP2005536430 A JP 2005536430A
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- hydrogen
- metal hydride
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/06—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents
- C01B3/065—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents from a hydride
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J7/00—Apparatus for generating gases
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J7/00—Apparatus for generating gases
- B01J7/02—Apparatus for generating gases by wet methods
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/0278—Feeding reactive fluids
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/584—Recycling of catalysts
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
金属水素化物溶液及び金属水素化物と水との反応を活性化させて水素ガスを生産する触媒を含む水素発生装置における改善が提供される。装置は、水蒸気を水素生産物流から凝縮(復水化)する手段を含む。この装置は、本発明にしたがって、復水の部分を、触媒と接触させる前に、供給ラインへリサイクルし金属水素化物燃料溶液と混合し希釈することにより改善される。
BH4 -+2H2O→BO2 -−4H2
に従って、水素ガスとホウ酸塩を生産する。この反応は、触媒の不存在下で非常に穏やかに生じる。金属水素化物塩の溶液は、アルカリpHに維持したとき、かなりの水素を発生させることなしに、安定であることが見出された。この反応で形成された塩、金属水素化ホウ素の例においてホウ酸塩は、無毒で環境的に安全である。加えて、ホウ酸塩は、将来の使用のために水素化ホウ素として再生することができる。水素原子の総てが水素化ホウ素に存在し、水は水素ガスに変えられて、上述のように与えられた反応によって生産される水素ガスにおける水素原子の半分は、実際に水からもたらされることに着目することは重要である。
図2による水素発生試験装置は、本発明の改善された装置を、台上試験するために構築された。混合領域31は、ねじれた金属の片を含むチューブからなる固定インライン管ミキサーであった。燃料供給濃縮タンク1は、およそ850mL/minの流速で装置を通過する30%水素化ホウ素ナトリウム水溶液を含んだ。濃縮リサイクルは、混合領域31へおよそ300mL/minの流速で供給された。装置内で圧力バリエーションによって引き起される液体流速における変動にもかかわらず、濃縮される燃料濃度の割合は、ほぼ一定の希釈有効燃料濃度を維持するようにほぼ一定に保たれた。テスト走行用に触媒チャンバー7へ導入された燃料溶液の効果的な濃度は、およそ22%であった。その装置のための水素発生の有効な割合と水素化ホウ素ナトリウム燃料溶液の変化は、走行中に渡り一定であった。一定の生産流を維持するのに必要な変量を制御するための本発明に従う改善された装置の能力は、自動車の動力として当該用途用に重要であると賞賛されるであろう。
Claims (12)
- (a)少なくとも1つの金属水素化物水溶液を含む燃料供給タンクと、
(b)前記溶液を回収して、それを水素発生触媒と接触させてそれによって、水素、水及び前記金属の塩からなる液体産物流を発生させる燃料ポンプと、
(c)前記液体流を、水素及び水蒸気からなる気体産物と、水及び前記金属塩からなる液体とへ分離する気体-液体分離器と、
(d)前記気体産物と通じる液体流においてそこから水を復水化するコンデンサーと、
(e)前記復水を回収する復水回収領域と、
(f)前記復水と前記タンクから回収された金属水素化物水溶液と混合しそれによって、それと水素発生触媒との接触前に希釈する混合領域とからなる水素発生装置。 - 前記混合領域が、前記燃料ポンプの上流である請求項1記載の装置。
- さらに、前記金属水素化物溶液及び前期腹水領域からの復水の前記混合領域への別の流れを可能とする混合領域上流のバルブを有する請求項1記載の装置。
- 前記燃料供給タンクの前記金属水素化物の濃度は、前記水素化物の最大溶解度を越えて、その部分が懸濁液である請求項1記載の装置。
- 十分な復水が混合領域へ加えられて、それが水素発生触媒と接触する時、すべての金属水素化物が希釈溶液中に存在することを特徴とする請求項4記載の装置。
- 燃料供給タンクにおいて前記懸濁液の均一性を維持するために混合手段をさらに含む請求項4記載の装置。
- 金属水素化物溶液の前記水溶液が、さらに、少なくともpH7のpHを提供するために十分な量のアルカリ安定化剤を含む請求項1記載の装置。
- 前記アルカリ安定化剤のカチオン部分が前記金属水素化物のカチオン部分と同じであり、前記アルカリ安定化剤が水酸化物である請求項7記載の装置。
- 前記カチオンがナトリウムイオンである請求項8記載の装置。
- さらに、液体産物流における金属の前記塩から触媒を分離する格納容器からなる請求項1記載の装置。
- 前記水素発生触媒が、ルテニウム、鉄、コバルト、ニッケル、銅、マグネシウム、ロジウム、レニウム、白金、パラジウム、クロム、銀、オスミウム、イリジウム、そのホウ化物、その合金、及びその混合物から選択される遷移金属からなる請求項1記載の装置。
- 金属水素化物が、水素化ホウ素ナトリウム、水素化ホウ素リチウム、水素化ホウ素ポタシウム、水素化ホウ素アンモニウム、及びその混合物からなる群から選択される請求項1記載の装置。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/223,871 US7083657B2 (en) | 2002-08-20 | 2002-08-20 | System for hydrogen generation |
PCT/US2003/020822 WO2004018352A1 (en) | 2002-08-20 | 2003-07-02 | System for hydrogen generation |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2005536430A true JP2005536430A (ja) | 2005-12-02 |
JP2005536430A5 JP2005536430A5 (ja) | 2006-04-27 |
Family
ID=31886703
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004530811A Pending JP2005536430A (ja) | 2002-08-20 | 2003-07-02 | 水素発生装置 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US7083657B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1539640A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2005536430A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20050058408A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100393608C (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003290671A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004018352A1 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
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JP2006520737A (ja) * | 2003-02-05 | 2006-09-14 | ミレニアム セル インコーポレイテッド | 水素ガス発生システム |
JP2007182336A (ja) * | 2006-01-05 | 2007-07-19 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology | 水素発生方法 |
KR20140053730A (ko) * | 2012-10-26 | 2014-05-08 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 연료전지차량의 연료생성장치 |
DE102021125508A1 (de) | 2020-10-05 | 2022-04-07 | Denso Corporation | Wasserstoffgenerator |
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- 2003-07-02 EP EP03742390A patent/EP1539640A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-07-02 CN CNB038244349A patent/CN100393608C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-07-02 AU AU2003290671A patent/AU2003290671A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-07-02 JP JP2004530811A patent/JP2005536430A/ja active Pending
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JP2006520737A (ja) * | 2003-02-05 | 2006-09-14 | ミレニアム セル インコーポレイテッド | 水素ガス発生システム |
JP2007182336A (ja) * | 2006-01-05 | 2007-07-19 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology | 水素発生方法 |
KR20140053730A (ko) * | 2012-10-26 | 2014-05-08 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 연료전지차량의 연료생성장치 |
KR101887701B1 (ko) * | 2012-10-26 | 2018-08-10 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 연료전지차량의 연료생성장치 |
DE102021125508A1 (de) | 2020-10-05 | 2022-04-07 | Denso Corporation | Wasserstoffgenerator |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1539640A4 (en) | 2008-10-01 |
CN1688506A (zh) | 2005-10-26 |
CN100393608C (zh) | 2008-06-11 |
US7083657B2 (en) | 2006-08-01 |
US20060021279A1 (en) | 2006-02-02 |
AU2003290671A1 (en) | 2004-03-11 |
KR20050058408A (ko) | 2005-06-16 |
EP1539640A1 (en) | 2005-06-15 |
US20040035054A1 (en) | 2004-02-26 |
WO2004018352A1 (en) | 2004-03-04 |
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