JP2005523196A - 密度勾配型パッド材及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
密度勾配型パッド材及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2005523196A JP2005523196A JP2003586434A JP2003586434A JP2005523196A JP 2005523196 A JP2005523196 A JP 2005523196A JP 2003586434 A JP2003586434 A JP 2003586434A JP 2003586434 A JP2003586434 A JP 2003586434A JP 2005523196 A JP2005523196 A JP 2005523196A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- layer structure
- density gradient
- nonwoven fabric
- pad material
- density
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Images
Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
- D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
- D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
- D04H1/732—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by fluid current, e.g. air-lay
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
- D04H1/74—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being orientated, e.g. in parallel (anisotropic fleeces)
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/162—Selection of materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/162—Selection of materials
- G10K11/168—Plural layers of different materials, e.g. sandwiches
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/69—Autogenously bonded nonwoven fabric
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/696—Including strand or fiber material which is stated to have specific attributes [e.g., heat or fire resistance, chemical or solvent resistance, high absorption for aqueous compositions, water solubility, heat shrinkability, etc.]
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US37414002P | 2002-04-22 | 2002-04-22 | |
| PCT/US2003/012173 WO2003089731A1 (en) | 2002-04-22 | 2003-04-22 | Gradient density padding material and method of making same |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2005523196A true JP2005523196A (ja) | 2005-08-04 |
| JP2005523196A5 JP2005523196A5 (enExample) | 2006-06-08 |
Family
ID=29251146
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003586434A Pending JP2005523196A (ja) | 2002-04-22 | 2003-04-22 | 密度勾配型パッド材及びその製造方法 |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8637414B2 (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP1501987B1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP2005523196A (enExample) |
| KR (1) | KR101002540B1 (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU2003231005B2 (enExample) |
| BR (1) | BR0309489B1 (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA2483709C (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE60317658T2 (enExample) |
| MX (1) | MXPA04010440A (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO2003089731A1 (enExample) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007186193A (ja) * | 2005-12-13 | 2007-07-26 | Takehiro:Kk | 超軽量な防音材 |
| JP2008094231A (ja) * | 2006-10-11 | 2008-04-24 | Kasai Kogyo Co Ltd | 車両の防音構造 |
| US8194879B2 (en) | 2005-12-13 | 2012-06-05 | Takehiro Co., Ltd. | Ultra-light sound insulator |
| JP2022182264A (ja) * | 2021-05-28 | 2022-12-08 | 林テレンプ株式会社 | 吸音パネル、及び、その製造方法 |
Families Citing this family (34)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6900145B2 (en) * | 2001-08-24 | 2005-05-31 | Owens Corning Fiberglas Technology, Inc. | Trim panel insulator for a vehicle |
| US20040131836A1 (en) * | 2003-01-02 | 2004-07-08 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Acoustic web |
| US7320739B2 (en) | 2003-01-02 | 2008-01-22 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Sound absorptive multilayer composite |
| US20040231914A1 (en) * | 2003-01-02 | 2004-11-25 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Low thickness sound absorptive multilayer composite |
| US7128561B2 (en) | 2003-06-30 | 2006-10-31 | Owens Corning Fiberglas Technology, Inc. | Surface treatment for blanket of thermoplastic fibers |
| EP1706863A1 (en) * | 2004-01-12 | 2006-10-04 | Dow Gloval Technologies Inc. | Automotive dash insulators containing viscoelastic foams |
| US7521386B2 (en) | 2004-02-07 | 2009-04-21 | Milliken & Company | Moldable heat shield |
| FR2870160A1 (fr) * | 2004-05-13 | 2005-11-18 | Cera | Systeme de protection acoustique a impedance variable |
| JP2006047628A (ja) * | 2004-08-04 | 2006-02-16 | Toyobo Co Ltd | 吸音断熱材 |
| US7500541B2 (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2009-03-10 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Acoustic material with liquid repellency |
| DE102004053751A1 (de) | 2004-11-06 | 2006-05-11 | Seeber Ag & Co. Kg | Akustik-Verkleidungsteil für ein Fahrzeug |
| US7696112B2 (en) | 2005-05-17 | 2010-04-13 | Milliken & Company | Non-woven material with barrier skin |
| US7428803B2 (en) | 2005-05-17 | 2008-09-30 | Milliken & Company | Ceiling panel system with non-woven panels having barrier skins |
| US7651964B2 (en) | 2005-08-17 | 2010-01-26 | Milliken & Company | Fiber-containing composite and method for making the same |
| US7605097B2 (en) | 2006-05-26 | 2009-10-20 | Milliken & Company | Fiber-containing composite and method for making the same |
| US7825050B2 (en) | 2006-12-22 | 2010-11-02 | Milliken & Company | VOC-absorbing nonwoven composites |
| US20100196686A1 (en) * | 2007-07-30 | 2010-08-05 | Van Dam Gerald L | Porous facing material, acoustically attenuating composite, and methods of making and using the same |
| US8461066B2 (en) * | 2007-08-02 | 2013-06-11 | Celanese Acetate Llc | Nonwoven from bulked filament tow |
| KR101207148B1 (ko) * | 2007-09-28 | 2012-11-30 | 리달, 아이엔씨. | 성형되고 쉐이핑된 음향의 방음이 가능한 차량용 패널 및 이를 제조하는 방법 |
| KR100946521B1 (ko) * | 2007-11-07 | 2010-03-11 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 차량용 카페트 및 그 제조방법 |
| DE102009007891A1 (de) * | 2009-02-07 | 2010-08-12 | Willsingh Wilson | Resonanz-Schallabsorber in mehrschichtiger Ausführung |
| ITMI20120148A1 (it) * | 2012-02-03 | 2013-08-04 | Eleda S R L | Pannello fonoassorbente e relativo metodo di realizzazione |
| DE202013012568U1 (de) | 2013-05-07 | 2017-07-17 | Johann Borgers GmbH | Hinterschäumbares Akustikelement eines Kraftfahrzeugkarosserieverkleidungsbauteils |
| WO2016115138A1 (en) * | 2015-01-12 | 2016-07-21 | Zephyros, Inc. | Acoustic floor underlay system |
| US11351751B2 (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2022-06-07 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Noise-absorbent and odor-adsorbent fabric cover systems for vehicle interiors |
| EP3425099A1 (de) * | 2017-07-03 | 2019-01-09 | Axel Nickel | Meltblown-vliesstoff mit verbesserter stapelbarkeit und lagerbarkeit |
| EP3682048A4 (en) | 2017-09-15 | 2021-09-01 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | FIBER FIBER WEB AND METHOD FOR IT |
| US10946412B2 (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2021-03-16 | Ronie Reuben | Thermally insulating sheet formed from a down core structure and method of fabrication |
| WO2019191347A1 (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2019-10-03 | Tintoria Piana Us, Inc. | Mattress top panel and mattress assemblies with improved airflow |
| DE102018111915A1 (de) * | 2018-05-17 | 2019-11-21 | J.H. Ziegler Gmbh | Akustikabsorptionstextilverbundmaterial |
| US20230363613A1 (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2023-11-16 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Sustainable scouring pads |
| CA3166222A1 (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2022-12-30 | Garland Industries, Inc. | Material and method for providing insulation to a foundation wall |
| IT202200016836A1 (it) | 2022-08-05 | 2024-02-05 | O R V Mfg S P A | Materiale fonoassorbente e metodo per realizzare tale materiale fonoassorbente |
| US20240046909A1 (en) | 2022-08-05 | 2024-02-08 | O.R.V. Manufacturing S.P.A. | Sound-absorbing material and method of making such a sound-absorbing material |
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| JPH10207469A (ja) * | 1997-01-21 | 1998-08-07 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 遮音構造体の製造方法 |
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| US6726980B2 (en) * | 2001-11-09 | 2004-04-27 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Technology, Inc. | Acoustic doorliner with integral water barrier |
| US6802389B2 (en) * | 2001-12-07 | 2004-10-12 | Collins & Aikman Products Co. | Multi-density sound attenuating laminates and methods of making same |
| US6602581B2 (en) * | 2001-12-12 | 2003-08-05 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Corrugated fiberfill structures for filling and insulation |
| US6631785B2 (en) * | 2001-12-20 | 2003-10-14 | Collins & Aikman Products Co. | Sound attenuating composite articles incorporating scrim material and methods of making same |
-
2003
- 2003-04-22 BR BRPI0309489-8B1A patent/BR0309489B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2003-04-22 JP JP2003586434A patent/JP2005523196A/ja active Pending
- 2003-04-22 AU AU2003231005A patent/AU2003231005B2/en not_active Expired
- 2003-04-22 MX MXPA04010440A patent/MXPA04010440A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2003-04-22 EP EP03724126A patent/EP1501987B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-04-22 WO PCT/US2003/012173 patent/WO2003089731A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-04-22 KR KR1020047017041A patent/KR101002540B1/ko not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-04-22 CA CA002483709A patent/CA2483709C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-04-22 US US10/419,765 patent/US8637414B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-04-22 DE DE60317658T patent/DE60317658T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| DE2249138A1 (de) * | 1972-10-06 | 1974-04-11 | Giulini Gmbh Geb | Neue versteifungsmaterialien |
| JPH10207469A (ja) * | 1997-01-21 | 1998-08-07 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 遮音構造体の製造方法 |
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| JP2002505209A (ja) * | 1998-03-03 | 2002-02-19 | リーター アウトモーティブ (インターナツィオナール) アクティエン ゲゼルシャフト | 吸音性を有する薄層ラミネート |
| WO2002009089A1 (en) * | 2000-07-19 | 2002-01-31 | I.N.C. Corporation Pty. Ltd. | A thermoformable acoustic sheet |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007186193A (ja) * | 2005-12-13 | 2007-07-26 | Takehiro:Kk | 超軽量な防音材 |
| US8194879B2 (en) | 2005-12-13 | 2012-06-05 | Takehiro Co., Ltd. | Ultra-light sound insulator |
| JP2008094231A (ja) * | 2006-10-11 | 2008-04-24 | Kasai Kogyo Co Ltd | 車両の防音構造 |
| JP2022182264A (ja) * | 2021-05-28 | 2022-12-08 | 林テレンプ株式会社 | 吸音パネル、及び、その製造方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1501987B1 (en) | 2007-11-21 |
| CA2483709C (en) | 2009-10-13 |
| AU2003231005B2 (en) | 2006-09-21 |
| US8637414B2 (en) | 2014-01-28 |
| AU2003231005A2 (en) | 2003-11-03 |
| MXPA04010440A (es) | 2005-05-27 |
| AU2003231005A1 (en) | 2003-11-03 |
| EP1501987A1 (en) | 2005-02-02 |
| DE60317658T2 (de) | 2008-10-30 |
| CA2483709A1 (en) | 2003-10-30 |
| BR0309489B1 (pt) | 2013-09-10 |
| DE60317658D1 (de) | 2008-01-03 |
| US20030199216A1 (en) | 2003-10-23 |
| KR101002540B1 (ko) | 2010-12-17 |
| WO2003089731A1 (en) | 2003-10-30 |
| KR20050018664A (ko) | 2005-02-23 |
| BR0309489A (pt) | 2005-02-09 |
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