JP2005516154A - 組合せ排出物低減アセンブリ及びその作動方法 - Google Patents
組合せ排出物低減アセンブリ及びその作動方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2005516154A JP2005516154A JP2003564412A JP2003564412A JP2005516154A JP 2005516154 A JP2005516154 A JP 2005516154A JP 2003564412 A JP2003564412 A JP 2003564412A JP 2003564412 A JP2003564412 A JP 2003564412A JP 2005516154 A JP2005516154 A JP 2005516154A
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- reformed gas
- particulate filter
- soot particulate
- exhaust gas
- fuel reformer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J19/087—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy
- B01J19/088—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9431—Processes characterised by a specific device
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9495—Controlling the catalytic process
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- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/342—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents with the aid of electrical means, electromagnetic or mechanical vibrations, or particle radiations
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
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Abstract
Description
本願は、マイケル・ジェー・ダニエル、ルドルフ・エム・スマーリング、カート・エス・タイラー、及びショーン・ディー・バウワーにより2002年1月25日付で出願された「燃料改質装置を作動させて改質ガスを燃料電池と排出物低減装置との両方に提供する装置及び方法」と題する米国特許仮出願第60/351,580号に対して米国特許法第119(e)条に基づく優先権を主張し、同特許出願の開示を本明細書に援用する。
本明細書により詳細に説明されるとおり、本開示の概念によると、燃料改質装置は、改質ガスを生成して燃料電池と排出物低減装置との両方に供給するために利用できる。このように、燃料改質装置は燃料電池の作動を維持するために使用でき、その上排出物低減装置を再生処理するなどして調整する。燃料改質装置が車両システム(例えば、オンハイウェイトラック)または据え置き型発電機の部品である場合、燃料改質装置はエンジンが作動中に車両の内燃機関または発電機からの排出物の後処理を可能にして、その上エンジンが作動不可能な間(即ち、エンジンが作動していないとき)には燃料電池により電力を生成することを可能にする。
Claims (19)
- NOxトラップ及び煤微粒子フィルタを有する組合せ排出物低減アセンブリ(combination emission abatement assembly)を作動させる方法であって、
前記NOxトラップの再生処理を実行するかを決定して、それに応じてトラップ再生処理信号を生成して、
前記トラップ再生処理信号の生成に応じて改質ガスを生成して前記NOxトラップに送るように燃料改質装置を作動させて、
前記煤微粒子フィルタの再生処理を実行するかを決定して、それに応じてフィルタ再生処理信号を生成して、
前記フィルタ再生処理信号の生成に応じて改質ガスを生成して前記煤微粒子フィルタに送るように前記燃料改質装置を作動させる
工程を備える。 - 請求項1に記載の方法であって、
前記トラップ再生処理信号の生成に応じて前記改質ガスを前記NOxトラップに方向付けるように改質ガス分流弁を第一弁位置に設定して、
前記フィルタ再生処理信号の生成に応じて前記改質ガスを前記煤微粒子フィルタに方向付けるように前記改質ガス分流弁を第二弁位置に設定する
工程を更に備える。 - 請求項1に記載の方法であって、
前記トラップ再生処理制御信号の生成に応じて前記NOxトラップを通る排気ガスの流れを減少させるように前記排ガス分流弁を第一弁位置に設定して、
前記フィルタ再生処理制御信号の生成に応じて前記煤微粒子フィルタを通る排気ガスの流れを減少させるように前記排ガス分流弁を第二弁位置に設定する
工程を更に備える。 - 請求項1に記載の方法であって、前記方法は、
内燃機関からの排気ガスを前記NOxトラップと前記煤微粒子フィルタとを介して送る工程を更に備え、
前記決定する工程は、前記排気ガスを送る工程と同時に実行される。 - 請求項1に記載の方法であって、
前記NOxトラップの再生処理を実行するかを決定する工程は、排気ガスの流れの中のNOxの量を検出することを含む。 - 請求項1に記載の方法であって、
前記煤微粒子フィルタの再生処理を実行するかを決定する工程は、前記煤微粒子フィルタでの圧力低下を検出することを含む。 - 請求項1に記載の方法であって、
前記NOxトラップの再生処理を実行するかを決定する工程は、前記NOxトラップが最後に再生処理されてから所定の期間が経過しているかを決定することを含む。 - 請求項1に記載の方法であって、
前記煤微粒子フィルタの再生処理を実行するかを決定する工程は、前記煤微粒子フィルタが最後に再生処理されてから所定の期間が経過しているかを決定することを含む。 - 組合せ排出物低減アセンブリであって、前記アセンブリは、
改質ガス入口を有するNOxトラップと、
改質ガス入口を有する煤微粒子フィルタと、
前記NOxトラップの前記改質ガス入口及び前記煤微粒子フィルタの前記改質ガス入口との両方に連結している改質ガス出口を有する燃料改質装置と、
前記燃料改質装置に電気的に結合している電子制御ユニットと、
を備え、
前記電子制御ユニットは(i)プロセッサと(ii)前記プロセッサに電気的に結合している記憶装置とを備え、前記記憶装置は複数の命令を記録しており、その命令を前記プロセッサが実行すると、前記プロセッサは、
(a) 前記NOxトラップの再生処理を実行するかを決定して、それに応じてトラップ再生処理信号を生成して、
(b) 前記トラップ再生処理信号の生成に応じて改質ガスを生成して前記NOxトラップに送るように前記燃料改質装置を作動させて、
(c) 前記煤微粒子フィルタの再生処理を実行するかを決定して、それに応じてフィルタ再生処理信号を生成して、
(d) 前記フィルタ再生処理信号の生成に応じて改質ガスを生成して前記煤微粒子フィルタに送るように前記燃料改質装置を作動させる。 - 請求項9に記載の組合せ排出物低減アセンブリであって、
前記電子制御ユニットに電気的に結合している改質ガス分流弁を更に備え、
前記改質ガス分流弁は、(i)前記NOxトラップの前記改質ガス入口と、(ii)煤微粒子フィルタの前記改質ガス入口と、(iii)前記燃料改質装置の前記改質ガス出口と、に連結して、
前記複数の命令は、前記プロセッサに実行されると、前記プロセッサに、(i)前記トラップ再生処理信号の生成に応じて、前記改質ガスを前記NOxトラップに方向付けるように前記改質ガス分流弁を第一弁位置に設定させ、(ii)前記フィルタ再生処理信号の生成に応じて、前記改質ガスを前記煤微粒子フィルタに方向付けるように前記改質ガス分流弁を第二弁位置に設定させる。 - 請求項9に記載の組合せ排出物低減アセンブリであって、
前記電子制御ユニットに電気的に結合している排ガス分流弁を更に備え、
前記NOxトラップは排ガス入口を有し、
前記煤微粒子フィルタは排ガス入口を有し、
前記排ガス分流弁は、(i)内燃機関の排ガス出口と、(ii)前記NOxトラップの前記排ガス入口と、(iii)前記煤微粒子フィルタの前記排ガス入口と、に連結されて、
前記複数の命令は、前記プロセッサに実行されると、前記プロセッサに、(i)前記トラップ再生処理制御信号の生成に応じて、前記NOxトラップを通る排気ガスの流れを減らすように前記排ガス分流弁を第一弁位置に設定させて、(ii)前記フィルタ再生処理制御信号の生成に応じて、前記煤微粒子フィルタを通る排気ガスの流れを減らすように前記排ガス分流弁を第二弁位置に設定させる。 - 組合せ排出物低減アセンブリであって、
前記煤微粒子フィルタは前記NOxトラップより下流側に配置されている。 - 請求項9に記載の組合せ排出物低減アセンブリであって、
排気ガスの流れの中にあるNOxの量を検出するように構成されているNOxセンサを更に備え、
前記複数の命令は前記プロセッサによって実行されると、前記プロセッサに前記NOxセンサの出力に基づいて前記NOxトラップの再生処理を実行するかを決定させる。 - 請求項9に記載の組合せ排出物低減アセンブリであって、
前記煤微粒子フィルタでの圧力低下を検出するように構成されている圧力センサを更に備え、
前記複数の命令は前記プロセッサに実行されると、前記プロセッサに前記圧力センサからの出力に基づいて前記煤微粒子フィルタの再生処理を実行するかを決定させる。 - 請求項9に記載の組合せ排出物低減アセンブリであって、
前記複数の命令は前記プロセッサに実行されるとき、前記NOxトラップが最後に再生処理をされたときから所定の期間が経過している場合は前記プロセッサに前記トラップ再生処理信号を更に生成させる。 - 請求項9に記載の組合せ排出物低減アセンブリであって、
前記複数の命令は前記プロセッサによって実行されるとき、前記煤微粒子フィルタが最後に再生処理されたときから所定の期間が経過している場合は前記プロセッサに前記フィルタ再生処理信号を更に生成させる。 - 組合せ排出物低減アセンブリであって、
内燃機関の排気ガスからNOxを取り除くNOxトラップと、
前記内燃機関の前記排気ガスから煤を取り除き、前記NOxトラップから下流側に配置される煤微粒子フィルタと、
炭化水素燃料を改質ガスに改質させ、前記NOxトラップと前記煤微粒子フィルタとの両方に連結している前記プラズマ燃料改質装置と、
を備える。 - 請求項17に記載の組合せ排出物低減アセンブリであって、
前記NOxトラップに連結している分流弁と、前記煤微粒子フィルタと、前記プラズマ燃料改質装置と、を更に備え、
前記分流弁は、前記プラズマ燃料改質装置からの前記改質ガスを前記NOxトラップと前記煤微粒子フィルタとの間で分流するように作動可能である。 - 請求項18に記載の組合せ排出物低減アセンブリであって、
前記プラズマ燃料改質装置と前記分流弁とに電気的に結合している電子制御ユニットを更に備え、
前記電子制御ユニットは、(i)第一期間中に前記改質ガスを前記NOxトラップに送り、(ii)第二期間中に前記改質ガスを前記煤微粒子フィルタに送るように、前記プラズマ燃料改質装置と前記分流弁との両方の作動を制御するように構成されている。
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JP3899884B2 (ja) * | 2001-10-04 | 2007-03-28 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
US6742328B2 (en) * | 2001-10-11 | 2004-06-01 | Southwest Research Institute | Systems and methods for controlling diesel engine emissions |
US6895746B2 (en) * | 2002-05-31 | 2005-05-24 | Utc Fuel Cells, Llc | Reducing oxides of nitrogen using hydrogen generated from engine fuel and exhaust |
US6745560B2 (en) * | 2002-07-11 | 2004-06-08 | Fleetguard, Inc. | Adsorber aftertreatment system having dual soot filters |
US6679051B1 (en) * | 2002-07-31 | 2004-01-20 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Diesel engine system for use with emission control device |
US6832473B2 (en) * | 2002-11-21 | 2004-12-21 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Method and system for regenerating NOx adsorbers and/or particulate filters |
US6843054B2 (en) * | 2003-01-16 | 2005-01-18 | Arvin Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for removing NOx and soot from engine exhaust gas |
-
2002
- 2002-09-18 US US10/246,118 patent/US7021048B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-12-18 EP EP02795944A patent/EP1468176A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-12-18 WO PCT/US2002/040669 patent/WO2003064835A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-12-18 JP JP2003564412A patent/JP2005516154A/ja active Pending
-
2006
- 2006-03-31 US US11/395,773 patent/US20060168950A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008530417A (ja) * | 2005-02-07 | 2008-08-07 | イートン コーポレーション | 排出後処理装置及びアンチアイドル装置sofcapuのための燃料の改質と供給とを複合したシステムの機構及び方法 |
JP2019183756A (ja) * | 2018-04-11 | 2019-10-24 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7021048B2 (en) | 2006-04-04 |
US20030140622A1 (en) | 2003-07-31 |
EP1468176A1 (en) | 2004-10-20 |
US20060168950A1 (en) | 2006-08-03 |
WO2003064835A1 (en) | 2003-08-07 |
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