JP2005514122A - 患者の応答性を自動的に評価およびモニタする装置および方法 - Google Patents
患者の応答性を自動的に評価およびモニタする装置および方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、包括的に、患者の苦痛および/または不安を緩和するための装置および方法に関する。特に、本発明は、苦痛な、もしくは不安を伴う医療または手術手法を受けている、または手法後のもしくは他の苦痛または不快に苦しんでいる意識のある患者に鎮静、鎮痛、および/または記憶消失を提供するためのシステムおよび方法に関する。本発明は、控えめな(conservative)ソフトウェア管理によって、1つまたはそれ以上の患者の生理学的症状を電子的にモニタしながら、1つまたはそれ以上の鎮静剤、鎮痛剤、または記憶消失剤を送達することを電子的に一体化する。1つの形態において、本発明は、患者およびシステムの状態を反映する1つまたはそれ以上のセットの格納されたデータ定義パラメータの使用を含む。このパラメータは、ソフトウェアによってアクセスされ、薬剤の送達を、意識のある患者の生命兆候および他の生理学的症状に関連する安全かつ経済的な最適値に控えめに管理および相関させる。
本願は、1999年6月3日に出願された米国特許出願第09/324,759号の一部継続出願であり、当該出願は、1998年6月3日に出願された米国仮特許出願第60/087,841号の優先権を主張し、かつ参照により本明細書に援用される。本願は、米国特許法第119条(e)項に基づき、参照により本明細書に援用される2001年12月28日に出願された米国仮特許出願第60/342,773号からの優先権も主張する。
本発明は、苦痛、不快、もしくは恐ろしい(不安を駆り立てる)医療または手術手法を受けている意識のある患者、または手法後のもしくは他の苦痛または不快に苦しんでいる意識のある患者を、このような苦痛および/または不安から安全、効果的、かつ経済的に解放することに関する。本発明の焦点は、限定はされないが、鎮静(鎮静状態の誘導)、鎮痛(苦痛に対する感覚をなくすこと)、および/または記憶消失(総称して「意識鎮静」と呼ぶこともある)を、意識のある患者に、安全で、効果的、かつ経済的な様式で、麻酔士でない実施者、即ち、麻酔医(M.D.A.)でない医師もしくは他の臨床医、または有資格の看護麻酔士(C.R.N.A.)によって提供すること、鎮静、鎮痛、および/または記憶消失を、病院検査室、外来手術センター、および医師のオフィス等の外来環境における患者に提供すること、患者の術後のまたは他の苦痛を遠隔医療看護地または家庭看護環境において緩和することを可能にすることを含む。これらの目的のために、本発明は、患者への1つまたはそれ以上の鎮静剤、鎮痛剤、または記憶消失剤の送達と、1つまたはそれ以上の患者の生理学的症状の電子的モニタリングとを、全体的な構造システムへの物理的近接および導入によって機械的に一体化し、控えめな決定を下すソフトウェアの管理によって電子的に一体化する。
本発明は、意識があり、喉頭等に挿管がされず、自発的に換気する患者に鎮静剤、鎮痛剤、記憶消失剤、または他の医薬物質(薬剤)を安全かつ効果的に送達するための装置および方法を提供する。本発明は、医療もしくは手術手法前および/または医療もしくは手術手法中の患者の苦痛および不安を緩和し、患者の術後もしくは他の手法後の苦痛または不快を緩和し、その一方で同時に医師がこのような苦痛および/または不安を安全に制御または管理することを可能にするための装置および方法に関する。従来の手術室環境に伴うことの多いコストおよび時間の損失が避けられ、またはその他、麻酔士の存在が必要とされるもしくは所望されることもなくなり得る。
以下に例示する実施の形態は、網羅的ではなく、本発明を開示される形態通りに制限するものではない。実施の形態は、本発明の原理ならびにその応用および使用を説明し、これによって、当業者が本発明を製造かつ使用することができるようにするために選択および記載される。
Claims (33)
- 患者の応答性をモニタする患者モニタリングシステムであって、
(a)患者からの応答をプロンプトする少なくとも1つの質問開始デバイスと、
(b)前記少なくとも1つの質問開始デバイスからのプロンプトに対する患者の応答を検知する少なくとも1つの質問応答デバイスと、
(c)前記少なくとも1つの質問開始デバイスおよび前記少なくとも1つの質問応答デバイスと通信する電子コントローラであって、前記少なくとも1つの質問開始デバイスからのプロンプトへの患者の応答または応答の欠如に基づいて患者の応答性の評価を生成する、電子コントローラと
を備える患者の応答性をモニタする患者モニタリングシステム。 - 前記電子コントローラは、前記少なくとも1つの質問開始デバイスによるプロンプトと前記プロンプトに対する患者の応答との間の潜在期に基づいて患者の応答性の評価を生成する請求項1に記載の患者の応答性をモニタする患者モニタリングシステム。
- 患者健康データを生成する少なくとも1つの患者生理学的モニタをさらに備え、前記患者健康データに基づいて患者の応答性を自動的に評価する請求項1に記載の患者の応答性をモニタする患者モニタリングシステム。
- 前記少なくとも1つの患者生理学的モニタは、カプノメータ、パルス酸素濃度計、心電図モニタ、血圧モニタ、呼吸モニタ、および脳波記録モニタからなる群から選択される請求項3に記載の患者の応答性をモニタする患者モニタリングシステム。
- 前記少なくとも1つの質問開始デバイスは、ハンドセットまたはヘッドセットの一部であることができる請求項1に記載の患者の応答性をモニタする患者モニタリングシステム。
- 前記少なくとも1つの質問開始デバイスは、刺激により患者にプロンプトし、前記刺激は、可変の強度、緊急度、および持続時間のものである請求項5に記載の患者の応答性をモニタする患者モニタリングシステム。
- 医療手法中に薬剤を送達またはモニタするシステムと統合される請求項1に記載の患者の応答性をモニタする患者モニタリングシステム。
- 前記薬剤を送達またはモニタするシステムは、臨床医により制御されるか、患者により制御されるか、または自動化される請求項7に記載の患者の応答性をモニタする患者モニタリングシステム。
- 前記薬剤は鎮静および鎮痛のためのものである請求項7に記載の患者の応答性をモニタリングする患者モニタリングシステム。
- 前記医療手法中に薬剤を送達またはモニタするシステムは、患者に薬剤を送達し、薬剤送達の速度は、前記電子コントローラにより生成される患者の応答性の評価に基づいて変更される請求項7に記載の患者の応答性をモニタする患者モニタリングシステム。
- 前記システムのユーザは、患者の応答性の自動化測定を手動で開始することができる請求項1に記載の患者の応答性をモニタする患者モニタリングシステム。
- ユーザが手動で患者の応答性を評価し、手動の評価の結果を手動でユーザインターフェースに入力することを可能にする手動応答性テスト機能をさらに含む請求項1に記載の患者の応答性をモニタする患者モニタリングシステム。
- 前記システムのユーザが前記システムの機能と対話して前記システムをモニタするインターフェースをさらに備える請求項1に記載の患者の応答性をモニタする患者モニタリングシステム。
- 患者の応答性をモニタする方法であって、
(a)少なくとも1つの刺激により患者に質問するステップと、
(b)前記少なくとも1つの刺激の開始後の所定の長さの時間内に、前記少なくとも1つの刺激に対する患者の応答を検知するか、または患者の応答の欠如を検知するステップと、
(c)前記患者の応答を検知するか、または患者の応答の欠如を検知するステップに基づいて、患者の応答性レベルを評価するステップと
を含む患者の応答性をモニタする方法。 - 前記少なくとも1つの刺激は、1つまたはそれ以上の触覚刺激、聴覚刺激、および視覚刺激を含む請求項14に記載の患者の応答性をモニタする方法。
- 評価した患者の応答性を、インターフェースデバイスを介して患者を担当する臨床医に対して表示するステップをさらに含む請求項14に記載の患者の応答性をモニタする方法。
- 第1の少なくとも1つの刺激から所定の長さの時間後に、次の少なくとも1つの刺激により患者に質問するステップをさらに含む請求項14に記載の患者の応答性をモニタする方法。
- 評価した患者の応答性に基づいて、前記所定の長さの時間を修正するステップをさらに含む請求項17に記載の患者の応答性をモニタする方法。
- 患者の生理学的パラメータを求めるステップと、前記生理学的パラメータに基づいて前記所定の長さの時間を修正するステップとをさらに含む請求項17に記載の患者の応答性をモニタする方法。
- 患者の前記生理学的パラメータは、パルス酸素測定、血圧、心拍数、および呼吸レートからなる群から選択される請求項19に記載の患者の応答性をモニタする方法。
- 医療手法と共に行われる請求項17に記載の患者の応答性をモニタする方法。
- 前記医療手法は患者への薬剤の送達を含む請求項21に記載の患者の応答性をモニタする方法。
- 前記薬剤の送達は、評価した患者の応答性に基づいて変更される請求項22に記載の患者の応答性をモニタする方法。
- 前記薬剤は鎮静剤および鎮痛剤である請求項22に記載の患者の応答性をモニタする方法。
- 前記少なくとも1つの刺激は一連の刺激の一部であり、前記一連は所定数の刺激を含む請求項14に記載の患者の応答性をモニタする方法。
- 前記一連の刺激の次の刺激は、前記一連の前の刺激よりも高めた強度を有する請求項25に記載の患者の応答性をモニタする方法。
- 前記一連の刺激の次の刺激は、前記一連の前の刺激から所定の間隔の無刺激で分離される請求項25に記載の患者の応答性をモニタする方法。
- 医療または手術手法に伴われる患者の苦痛、不安および不快を緩和するための看護システムであって、
(a)少なくとも1つの生理学的症状を反映する信号を受け取るようになっている、1つまたはそれ以上の患者健康モニタデバイスと、
(b)患者の応答性を反映する少なくとも1つの信号を受け取るようになっている、患者応答性モニタと、
(c)1つまたはそれ以上の薬剤を供給する薬剤送達コントローラと、
(d)少なくとも1つのモニタされた患者の生理学的症状および患者の応答性の、安全なおよび望ましくないパラメータを反映する安全データセットを格納するメモリデバイスと、
(e)前記1つまたはそれ以上の患者健康モニタデバイス、前記患者応答性モニタ、前記薬剤送達コントローラ、および前記安全データセットを格納する前記メモリデバイスの間で相互接続された電子コントローラとを備え、
前記電子コントローラは、前記少なくとも1つの生理学的症状を反映する信号および前記患者の応答性を反映する信号を受け取り、それに応答して、前記安全データセットに従って前記薬剤送達コントローラによる薬剤の投与を管理する医療または手術手法に伴われる患者の苦痛、不安および不快を緩和するための看護システム。 - (a)応答性のレベルを評価するステップと、
(b)記憶消失および応答性の消失を促すように薬剤の投与を管理するステップと
を含む請求項28に記載の看護システムを用いる方法。 - 医療手法を安全に施すために、
(a)送達される前記薬剤を所定の増加レートで増加させるように前記薬剤の投与を管理するステップと、
(b)前記薬剤の投与を管理するステップの間に、応答性のレベルを継続的に評価するステップと、
(c)応答性の消失があることを判定するステップと、
(d)前記応答性の消失があることを判定するステップの間に、作用部位濃度を求めるステップと、
(e)前記作用部位濃度を維持するように前記薬剤の投与を管理するステップと
を含む、請求項28に記載の看護システムを用いる方法。 - 前記作用部位濃度を維持するように前記薬剤の投与を管理するステップの間に、医療手法を施すステップをさらに含む請求項30に記載の看護システムを用いる方法。
- 医療手法を安全に施すために、
(a)送達される前記薬剤を所定の増加レートで増加させるように前記薬剤の投与を管理するステップと、
(b)前記薬剤の投与を管理するステップの間に、応答性のレベルを継続的に評価するステップと、
(c)前記送達される前記薬剤を増加させるように前記薬剤の投与を管理するステップの間に、少なくとも1つの作用部位濃度を求めるステップと、
(d)応答性が消失するであろう時点で存在すると予想される予想作用部位濃度を求めるステップと
を含む請求項28に記載の看護システムを用いる方法。 - 応答性が消失しない作用部位濃度を維持するように前記薬剤の投与を管理するステップをさらに含む請求項32に記載の看護システムを用いる方法。
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CA2472098A1 (en) | 2003-07-17 |
MXPA04006417A (es) | 2004-11-10 |
CA2472098C (en) | 2015-01-06 |
US20030145854A1 (en) | 2003-08-07 |
WO2003057296A1 (en) | 2003-07-17 |
EP1467791A1 (en) | 2004-10-20 |
AU2002364046B2 (en) | 2008-09-11 |
US7565905B2 (en) | 2009-07-28 |
AU2002364046A1 (en) | 2003-07-24 |
EP1467791A4 (en) | 2010-10-06 |
CN1622839A (zh) | 2005-06-01 |
CN105194756A (zh) | 2015-12-30 |
CN1622839B (zh) | 2015-08-26 |
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