JP2005328679A - Permanent magnet reluctance type rotating electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rotating electric machine that increases torque, increases an output in weak magnetic flux control, improves efficiency by reducing a harmonic loss, reduces vibration, and so on. <P>SOLUTION: A permanent magnet reluctance type rotating electric machine is constituted of a rotor 1 comprising a rotor iron core 2 formed with first cavities 5 and second cavities 6, first permanent magnets 3 arranged in the first cavities of the rotor, and second permanent magnets 4 arranged in the second cavities. The first permanent magnets are arranged in a V shape, and the second magnets are arranged at the external circumferential side of the first permanent magnets. Two of the first permanent magnets and two of the second magnets form one pole as a magnetic pole of the permanent magnet, and the magnetic pole 11 that generates reluctance torque is formed of a part of the rotor iron core between the adjacent first permanent magnets of different magnetic poles and the second permanent magnets. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine.

  Generally, as permanent magnet motors, there are known a surface magnet type permanent magnet motor in which a permanent magnet is attached to the outer periphery of a rotor core and an embedded type permanent magnet motor in which a permanent magnet is embedded in a rotor. An embedded permanent magnet motor is suitable for driving.

  The configuration of the rotor of the embedded permanent magnet motor will be described with reference to FIG. In the outer peripheral portion of the rotor 101, rectangular cavities 102 are provided in equal numbers and in the number of poles. This rotor has four poles, four cavities 102 are provided, and a permanent magnet 103 is inserted. The permanent magnet 103 is magnetized perpendicularly to the radial direction of the rotor 101 or to the long side of the rectangular cross section. The iron core 104 is formed by laminating electromagnetic steel sheets punched out of cavities (see Non-Patent Document 1 as a known example).

  In addition, a permanent magnet reluctance type rotating electrical machine is known as a high output motor excellent in variable speed characteristics. FIG. 13 shows a rotor of a permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine, which will be described with reference to FIG. In this rotor 201, a permanent magnet 204 is disposed in a cavity 203 provided in a V-shape on the rotor core 202, and is composed of a magnetic pole by this permanent magnet 204 and a magnetic pole 205 of the iron core for generating reluctance torque. Has been. This permanent magnet type reluctance rotating electrical machine utilizes both reluctance torque and torque (magnet torque) due to the interaction between the permanent magnet and current.

In particular, the reluctance torque is characterized by being able to obtain a magnitude equal to or greater than the magnet torque. During variable speed drive, it can be driven by reluctance torque and magnet torque during medium and low speed rotations, and can be driven mainly by reluctance torque at high speeds, which enables high output and wide variable speed operation. (See Patent Documents 1 and 2).
JP 11-27913 A (page 4) JP-A-11-136912 Design and control of embedded magnet synchronous motor (Ohm)

  In the above-described embedded permanent magnet motor, the reluctance torque is smaller than the magnet torque, and particularly when the flux-weakening control is applied in the middle / high rotation speed range, the magnet torque also becomes smaller, resulting in insufficient output at the middle / high speed. .

  Even in the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine, in order to improve the driving performance of a hybrid vehicle drive motor, further miniaturization, high torque and high output are required.

  In addition, when the magnetic flux of the reverse magnetic field is generated by the current during the flux weakening control, the magnetic flux density of the permanent magnet is abruptly decreased on the gap surface near the end of the permanent magnet, so that a large amount of magnetic flux due to the current remains in this region. Distributed. This is distributed as harmonic magnetic flux in the rotating machine, increasing the voltage and decreasing the output at medium and high speeds.

  Furthermore, the iron loss increases due to the harmonic magnetic flux, and vibration is generated by electromagnetic force due to the harmonic magnetic flux. This similarly occurs in the above-described embedded permanent magnet motor and causes a problem.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and is a permanent magnet type reluctance capable of achieving high torque, high output at the time of flux-weakening control, high efficiency by reducing loss, low vibration, and the like. An object of the present invention is to provide a rotary electric machine.

  In order to achieve the above-described object, a permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine of the present invention includes a rotor having magnetic anisotropy, a plurality of first permanent magnets and a plurality of second magnets provided on the rotor. The magnetization direction of the first permanent magnet is different from the magnetization direction of the second permanent magnet, and the second permanent magnet is in a direction substantially perpendicular to the outer peripheral surface of the rotor. It is magnetized, and the first permanent magnet is configured to increase the magnetic resistance in the direction of the magnetic flux formed in the gap between the outer peripheral surface of the rotor and the stator.

  The permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine of the present invention has a large current even in a phase where the magnetic flux density of the first permanent magnet is small by allowing the maximum current to flow in a phase where the magnetic flux density of the second permanent magnet is maximized. Torque can be obtained. In addition, since the harmonic magnetic flux generated by the current during the flux weakening control is canceled out by the gap magnetic flux generated by the second permanent magnet, it is possible to prevent a decrease in output due to the harmonic magnetic flux, and at the same time, iron by the harmonic magnetic flux. Loss, vibration and noise due to electromagnetic force can be reduced.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of a permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, although the rotating electrical machine of the present embodiment has been described with eight poles, other numbers of poles may be used.

  FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a rotating electrical machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The rotor 1 of the present embodiment includes a rotor core 2 and two first permanent magnets 3 and 3 and two second cores arranged in a V shape at eight locations on the outer periphery of the rotor core 2. Permanent magnets 4 and 4. A stator (not shown) is disposed around the rotor 1, and a gap is formed between the rotor 1 and the outer peripheral surface.

  The first permanent magnets 3, 3 are two first cavities provided so as to form V-shapes that are open toward the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core 2 at eight locations on the outer peripheral portion of the rotor core 2. 5 and 5. Further, the second permanent magnets 4, 4 are disposed in second cavities 6, 6 formed in the vicinity of the outer peripheral side end portions of the first cavities 5, 5. The second permanent magnets 4, 4 are arranged on the outer peripheral side of the rotor 1 with respect to the first permanent magnets 3, 3 and are close to the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 1.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the magnetization direction of the first permanent magnet 3 is set to a direction perpendicular to the V-shaped side surface (perpendicular to the long side of the rectangular cross section), and two first magnets arranged in a V-shape. One permanent magnet 3, 3 forms the same pole between them. The second permanent magnet 4 connected to the first permanent magnet 3 has the same polarity.

  Since the first permanent magnets 3 and 3 are arranged in a V shape, the magnetic flux density of the first permanent magnets 3 and 3 can be concentrated toward the central axis of the V shape to increase the magnetic flux density. Further, since the magnetic flux leaking through the end portion of the first permanent magnet 3 and the rotor core 2 is a narrow region of only the V-shaped outer peripheral end portion and inner peripheral end portion, the leakage magnetic flux may be reduced. it can. Moreover, by arranging in V shape, the magnet cross-sectional area with respect to the rotor core cross-sectional area can be increased as compared with the case where one pole is formed by a single linear magnet. Furthermore, since the portion sandwiched between the V-shaped permanent magnets 3 and 3 in the rotor core 2 can be widened, the magnetic saturation of the rotor core 2 is relaxed along the V-shape, and many armature windings The magnetic flux by can be sent.

  By making the magnetization direction of the first permanent magnet perpendicular to the V-shaped side surface, the magnetic flux of the first permanent magnets 3 and 3 increases the magnetomotive force around the V-shaped central axis, and the rotor core The magnetic flux can be distributed in the air gap in the portion sandwiched by the V-shapes in FIG. As a result, reluctance torque can be generated, and at the same time, torque due to the linkage flux between the current and the permanent magnet can be generated.

  The second permanent magnet 4 is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the rotor 1 with respect to the first permanent magnet 3 in the magnetic circuit formed by the first permanent magnet 3. This is to prevent magnetic resistance. That is, in order not to arrange the second permanent magnet in the portion of the rotor core 2 in the magnetization direction of the first permanent magnet 3, it is arranged in a direction substantially perpendicular to the magnetization direction of the first permanent magnet 3. Therefore, it is arranged on the end side of the first permanent magnet 3. The end portions of the first permanent magnet 3 are on the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side of the rotor 1, but by arranging the second permanent magnet 4 on the outer peripheral side close to the gap, the chain of the second permanent magnet 4 Get the flux.

  Further, by arranging the second permanent magnet 4 close to the outer peripheral portion of the rotor 1, the magnetization surface of the second permanent magnet 4 is almost opposed to the air gap, so that the second permanent magnet 4 in the rotor core 2 is second. The leakage magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 4 can be reduced.

  The magnetic pole formed by the pair of the two first permanent magnets 3 and 3 arranged in a V shape and the two second permanent magnets 4 and 4 connected to the first permanent magnets 3 and 4 forms a different polarity from the adjacent pair. Deploy. For example, when the first permanent magnets 3 and 3 arranged in a V shape form an N pole, the set of the first permanent magnets 3 and 3 arranged in an adjacent V shape forms an S pole. To do.

  FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. As shown in the figure, there is a gap between the outer peripheral side end portion of the first cavity 5 into which the first permanent magnet 3 is inserted and the second cavity 6 into which the second permanent magnet 4 is inserted. 3 cavities 7 are formed.

  The first cavity 5, the second cavity 6, and the third cavity 7 are formed to be continuous. A magnetic protrusion 12 is provided in the third cavity 7 sandwiched between the first cavity 5 and the second cavity 6. Here, the magnetic protrusion 12 is in contact with the corner of the outer peripheral side end portion of the first permanent magnet 3 and the end corner of the second permanent magnet 4 on the third cavity 7 side.

  The protrusion 12 is in contact with one side of the end portion of the first permanent magnet 3 and one side of the end portion of the second permanent magnet 4, and the range of the contact surface (side) is the first and second permanent magnets 3. 4 is the minimum length that can be positioned. The tip portion of the magnetic protrusion 12 has a shape that draws a semicircle from the end point of the surface in contact with the first and second permanent magnets 3 and 4.

  Since the tip of the protrusion 12 is semicircular, the iron core surface of the d-axis bypass magnetic path facing the tip of the protrusion 12 is the shortest distance, and the demagnetizing field is concentrated in this portion. Therefore, a locally large demagnetizing field generated at the end of the first permanent magnet 3 and the end of the second permanent magnet 4 can be mitigated.

  Note that the tip shape of the protrusion 12 is not limited to a semicircular shape, and a similar effect can be obtained as long as it has a mountain shape. In addition, the protrusion 12 serves to position the first permanent magnet 3 and to receive a part of the centrifugal force of the first permanent magnet 3.

  The iron core portion 16 facing the third cavity 7 and in the vicinity of the outer peripheral end portion of the second permanent magnet 4 is an outer peripheral portion of the rotor iron core 2 facing the outer surface of the second permanent magnet 4. It is thicker than the radial thickness.

  The iron core portion 16 can contact the end portion of the second permanent magnet 4 on the first permanent magnet 3 side to position the second permanent magnet 4. At the same time, since the iron core portion 16 becomes a d-axis bypass magnetic path, the magnetic flux flowing in the d-axis direction increases. Further, since the magnetic resistance in the d-axis bypass magnetic path direction in the iron core portion 16 is reduced, torque ripple is reduced.

  The 4th cavity 8 is provided in the inner peripheral side edge part of the 1st permanent magnet 3, and the 1st cavity 5 and the 4th cavity 8 are formed continuously. Then, a protrusion 13 integrated with the rotor core 2 is provided at a part between the end portion of the first permanent magnet 3 and the fourth cavity 8 to position the first permanent magnet 3.

  The fourth cavity 8 has a shape in which an inner peripheral side cross section is surrounded by a curve having a large curvature, and an iron core bridge 15 is formed between the fourth cavities 8 and 8. The bridge 15 of the iron core formed by the curved line having a large curvature can withstand the centrifugal force of the first permanent magnet 3 and the rotor core 2 because the stress concentration is reduced at the curved portion.

  The fourth cavity 8 increases the q-axis magnetic resistance. The magnetization direction of the second permanent magnet 4 is the direction of the center axis (passing through the central portion of the second permanent magnet 4 in the radial direction of the rotor 1) of the radial section of the second permanent magnet 4 as the magnetization direction. FIG. 2 shows the magnetization direction.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the mechanical angle α = −11 ° and 11 ° from the V-shaped central axis formed by the first permanent magnets 3 and 3 (the electrical angle is −45 ° and 45 °, so the mechanical angle Then, the two second permanent magnets 4 are arranged with the position of ± 45 ° ÷ (8/2) = ± 11 °) as the central axis.

  A fifth cavity 9 is provided at the end of the second permanent magnet 4 opposite to the third cavity 7. And in this 5th cavity 9, the magnetic protrusion 14 protrudes from the magnetic pole 11 of the iron core which generates reluctance torque.

  The bridge-shaped iron core curve portion of the air gap surface formed by the fifth cavity 9 receives a part of the centrifugal force caused by the iron core sandwiched between the second permanent magnet 4 and the V-shaped first permanent magnet 3. The stress due to the curve is relaxed. At the same time, the magnetic path cross section is narrowed, and the leakage magnetic flux can be suppressed.

  The protrusion 14 serves as the positioning of the second permanent magnet 4, and the circular cavity formed on the inner peripheral side of the protrusion 14 can be disposed at the corner of the second permanent magnet 4. The decrease in magnetic force of the permanent magnet 4 can be reduced, and the demagnetizing field applied to the second permanent magnet 4 can also be reduced.

  Moreover, the 6th cavity 10 is provided between the iron cores which the 1st permanent magnets 3 and 3 arrange | positioned at V shape pinch | interpose. The sixth cavity 10 is positioned on the outer peripheral side of the rotor 2 as far as the strength and processing of the iron core allow. Providing such a sixth cavity 10 increases the reluctance torque because the q-axis magnetic resistance increases. In addition, since the sixth cavity 10 forms a magnetic barrier on the q-axis portion of the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 2, magnetic flux leaking to the surface of the rotor 2 can be reduced, and at the same time, d-axis magnetic flux is collected in the d-axis bypass magnetic path be able to.

  As described above, the magnetic pole as a permanent magnet forms one pole by the two first permanent magnets 3 and 3 and the two second permanent magnets 4 and 4. The first permanent magnets 3 and 3 and the second permanent magnets 4 and 4 are set as one set, and adjacent sets of magnetic poles are configured to have different polarities. Between the poles of adjacent permanent magnets, a magnetic pole 11 that generates a reluctance torque by magnetic attraction is formed by a part of the iron core. There are eight iron core magnetic poles 11 that generate this reluctance torque, and they are radially magnetically coupled.

  The stator may be distributed winding or concentrated winding armature winding.

  The operation of the present embodiment configured as described above will be described.

  First, the effect on the reluctance torque will be described. Since the magnetic pole 11 adjacent to one magnetic pole 11 of the rotor 1 is magnetically coupled by the iron core 2, the magnetic resistance is reduced. As shown in FIG. 2, this direction is taken as the d-axis. Further, a d-axis bypass magnetic path is formed in parallel with the d-axis along the outer peripheral side of the first permanent magnet 3.

  On the other hand, the central axes of the two first permanent magnets 3 and 3 arranged in a V shape are in the q-axis direction. In this q-axis direction, since the first cavity 5, the second cavity 6, the third cavity 7, the fourth cavity 8, the fifth cavity 9, and the sixth cavity 10 are provided, the magnetic flux is blocked. And the magnetic resistance becomes high. Due to this difference in magnetic resistance, a difference in magnetic attractive force is generated, and a large reluctance torque is generated.

  Next, torque generated by the magnetic interaction between the magnetic flux and current of the permanent magnet will be described. FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the magnetic flux density distribution of the permanent magnet and the current in a conventional general permanent magnet motor. The magnetic flux density distribution is distributed almost sinusoidally, and energization is performed at 90 ° which is the phase at which the current reaches the maximum value at the position where the magnetic flux density is the maximum value in order to obtain the maximum torque. An embedded permanent magnet motor having a permanent magnet, a torque due to current (magnet torque), and an auxiliary reluctance torque is generally driven at a current phase of about 110 ° to 135 °.

  FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the gap magnetic flux density and the current when a current is applied at a current phase of 135 ° in the conventional permanent magnet motor and the embedded permanent magnet motor. At 135 ° where the current value is maximum, the magnetic flux density decreases, and the torque due to the magnetic flux and current of the permanent magnet decreases.

  Further, in the conventional permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine shown in FIG. 13, only the first permanent magnet 204 is arranged in a V shape on the rotor 201, and is located near the center axis (q axis) of the V shape. Many magnetic fluxes are distributed. Between the end of the first permanent magnet 204 and the magnetic poles of the iron core, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet decreases rapidly. In this case as well, at 135 ° where the current value is maximum, the magnetic flux density decreases and the magnet torque due to the magnetic flux and current of the permanent magnet decreases.

  In the present embodiment, since the central axis in the radial direction of the second permanent magnet 4 is located at α = −11 ° and 11 ° in mechanical angle from the V-shaped central axis of the first permanent magnet 3, electricity The corners are arranged at 45 ° and 135 ° positions.

  FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the gap magnetic flux density and the current in this embodiment. The magnetic flux density distribution of the second permanent magnet 4 is schematically represented by a sinusoidal distribution. The magnetic flux of the second permanent magnet 4 is distributed with 45 ° and 135 ° as maximum values. If the current is controlled at a phase at which the current reaches a maximum value at 135 °, a large torque is generated because the current flows at the maximum value in a region where the magnetic flux of the second permanent magnet 4 is maximum.

  Therefore, the magnet torque can be used effectively even if the drive is performed such that the maximum current flows at a phase of 135 ° where the amount of magnetic flux of the first permanent magnet 3 is reduced. The reluctance torque is also substantially maximum at this time, and the total torque is larger than the conventional torque.

  In order to obtain such an effect, the central axis of the second permanent magnets 4, 4 is −20 ° to −80 in electrical angle from the V-shaped central axis of the first permanent magnets 3, 3. The second permanent magnets 4 and 4 are arranged so as to be located within a range of 20 ° and within a range of 20 ° to 80 °, in particular within a range of −45 ° ± 10 ° and within a range of 45 ° ± 10 °. It is good.

  In the weakening magnetic flux control, as shown in FIG. 2, a magnetic flux ψiq in a direction opposite to the magnetic flux ψpm of the permanent magnet 3 is generated by current to cancel the magnetic flux ψpm of the permanent magnet. As the sum, the amount of magnetic flux is reduced. On the air gap surface in the region sandwiched between the first permanent magnets 3 and 3 arranged in a V shape, the magnetic flux of the first permanent magnet 3 and the magnetic flux of the current are offset, and the magnetic flux can be greatly reduced. Can also be set to zero.

  However, when the flux weakening control is performed by the current due to the flux weakening described above, even if the total of the combined magnetic flux is 0, the first permanent magnets 3 and 3 arranged in a V shape as shown in FIG. The magnetic flux ψiqh due to the current remains in the area other than the region where the current is generated. In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 8, the remaining magnetic flux ψiqh generated by the current of the flux-weakening control is offset by the magnetic flux generated in the gap by the second permanent magnet 4 and the combined magnetic flux density ψΣ is reduced.

  As described above, in the rotating electrical machine of the present invention, the total torque increases, and the resultant magnetic flux density distribution at the time of the weak magnetic flux can be reduced in the entire region.

  Further, the radial central axis of the second permanent magnet 4 is α = −13.75 ° and 13.75 ° in terms of mechanical angle from the V-shaped central axis of the first permanent magnet 3 (electrical angle 55 ° ÷ ( 8/2) = 13.75 °), when the second permanent magnet 4 is arranged, the portion of the second permanent magnet 4 having a high magnetic flux density has an electrical angle as shown in FIG. At 35 ° (90 ° -55 ° = 35 °) and 145 ° (90 ° + 55 ° = 145 °), and the resultant magnetic flux density is greatly reduced to almost zero in all regions.

  Thus, the fundamental magnetic flux ψpm generated mainly by the first permanent magnet 3 can be reduced by the weak magnetic flux current, and the harmonic magnetic flux ψiqh remaining at the time of the weak magnetic flux can be reduced by the second permanent magnet 4.

  Therefore, the harmonic magnetic flux due to the current can be reduced during the flux-weakening control, and the total magnetic flux including the harmonics can be effectively reduced. At the same time, iron loss due to harmonics, vibration and noise due to electromagnetic force can be reduced.

  In order to obtain such an effect, the central axis of the second permanent magnets 4, 4 is in the range of −55 ° ± 10 ° in electrical angle from the V-shaped central axis of the first permanent magnets 3, 3. It is preferable to arrange the second permanent magnets 4 and 4 so as to be located within the range of 55 ° ± 10 °.

  A non-magnetic member can be inserted into the empty space of each cavity. For example, harmonic magnetic flux can be reduced by inserting conductive copper as a nonmagnetic material. Further, when balancing the rotation of the rotor 2, a non-magnetic material weight may be inserted into the hollow space to balance the rotation.

  Next, a second embodiment of the permanent magnet type reluctance rotating electric machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the structure same as 1st Embodiment, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In this embodiment, in each pole of the rotor 1, the first permanent magnets 3, 3 are arranged in a V shape in the first cavities 5, 5 of the rotor core 2, and the second permanent magnets 4, 4 is disposed so as to be in contact with the end surfaces of the first permanent magnets 3 and 3 so as to face a wide gap surface in the rotor core 2.

  The magnetization directions of the first permanent magnets 3 and 3 are perpendicular to both side surfaces of the V shape (perpendicular to the long sides of the rectangular cross section), and the two first permanent magnets 3 and 3 arranged in a V shape are used. Form the same pole between them. And it arrange | positions so that a different pole may be formed with the group of the 1st permanent magnets 3 and 3 arrange | positioned in adjacent V shape. For example, when the first permanent magnets 3 and 3 arranged in a V shape form an N pole between the V shapes, the set of first permanent magnets 3 arranged in an adjacent V shape forms an S pole.

  The magnetization directions of the second permanent magnets 4 and 4 are directed to a wide surface, and the same poles are formed with the second permanent magnets 4 and 4 connected to the V-shaped first permanent magnets 3 and 3 as a set. Form. The second permanent magnets 4 and 4 connected to the adjacent V-shaped first permanent magnets 3 and 3 are poles different from each other.

  The basic operation of this embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment. In the case of the present embodiment, since there is no cavity between the first permanent magnet 3 and the second permanent magnet 4, in the case of the same cross-sectional area as the rotor of the first embodiment, the amount of magnetic flux of the permanent magnet Can be made larger than in the first embodiment. Therefore, the magnet torque due to the permanent magnet and current can be increased.

  Next, a third embodiment of the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the structure same as 1st Embodiment, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In the present embodiment, a magnetic protrusion 17 is provided on a part of the third cavity 7 so as to protrude to the end of the second permanent magnet 4. A space is formed between the protrusion 17 and the end of the second permanent magnet 4. Since the protrusion 17 is brought into contact with the end side surface of the second permanent magnet 4, the magnetic field is concentrated between the protrusion 17 and the iron core, and the demagnetization of the second permanent magnet 4 due to the magnetic field of the current can be mitigated.

  The configuration of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the gist of the present invention.

Sectional drawing of the rotor of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. The figure which shows the flow of the magnetic flux by the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet of embodiment, and an electric current. The enlarged view of the principal part of FIG. A diagram showing the relationship between the air gap magnetic flux density distribution and the current in a conventional permanent magnet rotating electrical machine (the maximum current is applied with a phase difference angle of 90 °). The figure which shows the relationship (air current is supplied with the maximum current with the phase of a phase difference angle of 135 degrees) between the air gap magnetic flux density distribution and the current in the conventional permanent magnet rotating electric machine. The figure which shows the relationship (air current is supplied with the largest electric current with the phase of a phase difference angle of 135 degrees) between air gap magnetic flux density distribution and electric current in embodiment. The figure which shows the space | gap magnetic flux density distribution at the time of the weak magnetic flux in embodiment (the magnetic flux of the 1st permanent magnet, and the weak magnetic flux by an electric current). Void magnetic flux density distribution in the embodiment (magnetic flux density when the second permanent magnet is disposed at 45 ° and 135 ° (−45 ° and 45 ° from the central axis of the void magnetic flux density distribution of the first permanent magnet) FIG. Void magnetic flux density distribution in the embodiment (magnetic flux density when the second permanent magnet is disposed at positions of 35 ° and 145 ° (−55 ° and 55 ° from the central axis of the void magnetic flux density distribution of the first permanent magnet) FIG. Sectional drawing of the rotor of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. The principal part enlarged view of the rotor of the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. Sectional drawing of the rotor of the conventional embedded permanent magnet rotary electric machine. Sectional drawing of the rotor of the conventional permanent magnet type reluctance type rotary electric machine.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rotor 2 Rotor core 3 1st permanent magnet 4 2nd permanent magnet 5 1st cavity 6 2nd cavity 7 3rd cavity 8 4th cavity 9 5th cavity 10 6th cavity 11 Iron core magnetic pole (magnetic pole generating reluctance torque)
12 Protrusion in the third cavity 13 Protrusion in the fourth cavity 14 Protrusion in the fifth cavity 15 Inner peripheral iron core bridge 16 Iron core A portion 17 Protrusion in the third cavity

Claims (24)

  A rotor having magnetic anisotropy; a plurality of first permanent magnets and a plurality of second permanent magnets provided on the rotor; and a magnetization direction of the first permanent magnet and the second The direction of magnetization of the permanent magnets is different, the second permanent magnet is magnetized in a direction substantially perpendicular to the outer peripheral surface of the rotor, and the first permanent magnet is located between the outer peripheral surface of the rotor and the stator. A permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine characterized in that the magnetic resistance in the direction of the magnetic flux formed in the gap is increased.   The permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the second permanent magnet is arranged on an outer peripheral side of the rotor with respect to the first permanent magnet.   3. The rotor according to claim 1, wherein the rotor has an iron core provided with a first cavity into which the first permanent magnet is inserted and a second cavity into which the second permanent magnet is inserted. Permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine.   The first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet constitute one magnetic pole, and a plurality of the magnetic poles are provided on the outer peripheral portion of the rotor at intervals in the circumferential direction. The permanent magnet type reluctance rotating electric machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the permanent magnet type reluctance rotating electric machine is configured to have different polarities.   5. The permanent magnet type reluctance rotating electric machine according to claim 4, wherein a magnetic pole for generating reluctance torque is formed between a part of the adjacent magnetic poles by a part of the iron core of the rotor.   6. The permanent magnet type reluctance according to claim 4, wherein in each of the magnetic poles, the first permanent magnet is arranged so as to form a V shape that opens toward an outer peripheral side of the rotor. Type rotating electric machine.   The permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to claim 2, wherein the second permanent magnet is arranged close to an outer peripheral surface of the rotor.   The permanent magnet reluctance rotating electric machine according to claim 3, wherein a third cavity is provided between the first cavity and the second cavity.   The permanent magnet type reluctance rotating electric machine according to claim 8, wherein a magnetic protrusion protruding in the third cavity is provided.   The permanent magnet type reluctance rotating electric machine according to claim 8 or 9, wherein a fourth cavity is provided at an end of the first cavity opposite to the third cavity.   The permanent magnet type reluctance rotating electric machine according to claim 10, wherein a fifth cavity is provided at an end of the second cavity opposite to the third cavity.   The permanent magnet type reluctance type according to claim 6, wherein the magnetization direction of the first permanent magnet is a direction substantially perpendicular to a V-shaped side surface formed by the first permanent magnet. Rotating electric machine.   The permanent magnet type reluctance type according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the second permanent magnet is arranged so that a magnetization direction thereof is substantially perpendicular to an outer peripheral surface of the rotor. Rotating electric machine.   The central axis passing through the central portion of the second permanent magnet in the radial direction of the rotor ranges from −20 ° to −80 ° in electrical angle from the center of the magnetic flux density distribution formed by the first permanent magnet. The permanent magnet type reluctance rotating electric machine according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the second permanent magnet is arranged so as to be located within a range of 20 ° to 80 °.   The central axis passing through the central portion of the second permanent magnet in the radial direction of the rotor is within a range of −45 ° ± 10 ° in electrical angle from the center of the magnetic flux density distribution formed by the first permanent magnet. The permanent magnet type reluctance rotating electric machine according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the second permanent magnet is disposed so as to be within a range of 45 ° ± 10 °.   The central axis passing through the central portion of the second permanent magnet in the radial direction of the rotor is within the range of −55 ° ± 10 ° in electrical angle from the center of the magnetic flux density distribution formed by the first permanent magnet. The permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electric machine according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the second permanent magnet is arranged so as to be located within a range of 55 ° ± 10 °.   The permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to claim 9, wherein a tip end portion of the magnetic protrusion has a mountain shape.   The magnetic protrusions are arranged so as to contact the end portions of the first permanent magnet and the end portions of the second permanent magnet, or to form gaps between the end portions, and the protrusions. 18. The permanent magnet type reluctance rotating electric machine according to claim 9, wherein the tip of each has a semicircular convex shape that curves from a corner of each end and connects between the corners. .   The permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to claim 11, wherein a magnetic protrusion protruding in the fifth cavity is provided.   The permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to claim 19, wherein the protrusion is protruded from a magnetic pole generating reluctance torque in the iron core of the rotor.   The outer peripheral portion of the rotor core that contacts the end of the first permanent magnet in the second permanent magnet is on the outer peripheral side of the rotor core facing the side surface of the second permanent magnet. The permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein the permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electrical machine is thicker than the portion.   The permanent magnet type reluctance rotating electric machine according to claim 6, wherein a cavity is provided in the iron core of the rotor so as to be sandwiched between the first permanent magnets arranged in a V shape.   The magnetic cavity which protruded to the edge part of the said 2nd permanent magnet was provided in the said 2nd cavity, The 3, 8, 9, 10, 11, 17, 18, The permanent magnet type reluctance rotary electric machine according to any one of 19 and 20. The permanent magnet type according to any one of claims 3, 8, 9, 10, 11, 17, 18, 19, 20, and 22, wherein a member made of a nonmagnetic material is inserted into each of the cavities. Reluctance type rotating electric machine.

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