JP2005272353A - Biological pesticide containing micromus timidus hagen - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize a biological pesticide capable of controlling aphids by utilizing native Micromus timidus Hagen as a natural predator, and to realize a mass propagation method of Micromus timidus Hagen. <P>SOLUTION: The pests are safely and effectively controlled using the native predator without contaminating the surrounding environment, by spraying or placing a container containing eggs, larvae, pupae or imagines of Micromus timidus Hagen in a field or a greenhouse. For mass propagation of Micromus timidus Hagen, plants favored by aphids on which Micromus timidus Hagen prey, a corrugated fiberboard with holes for larvae and a styrofoam net or paper providing a foothold for larvae are placed inside a propagation container. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

The present invention relates to a biopesticide using Micromus timidus Hagen as a natural enemy.

Fruit vegetables and flowers are often damaged by aphids. Aphids can cause not only direct harm but also great damage as a vector for viral diseases.

The pest control is mainly performed by spraying a chemically synthesized insecticide. However, the emergence of insecticide-resistant strains makes it extremely difficult to control only chemically synthesized insecticides. Aphids are particularly damaging because they easily acquire drug resistance. In order to avoid the drug resistance of aphids, pesticide users are required to frequently spray chemicals with different mechanisms of action and different types. In addition, due to concerns about environmental pollution and impact on users, there is a long-awaited need for effective pest control agents that can replace chemical synthetic insecticides.

For the reasons described above, new chemically synthesized insecticides must always be developed. However, since the emergence of drug-resistant strains is too early, the development of insecticides that do not exhibit resistance is expected. Against this background, in recent years, biological pesticides using parasitic and predatory insects have been registered as pesticides as pest control materials. Unlike conventional chemical synthetic insecticides, the biological pesticides do not use compounds, thus avoiding the problems described above.

However, most of the parasitic and predatory insects currently used as biopesticides are foreign natural enemies, and there are concerns about their impact on the domestic ecosystem. On the other hand, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-325078 proposes a biological pesticide by indigenous natural enemies. In this case, the natural enemy pesticide, Ryukyutsuya Tento, is mainly targeted for controlling whiteflies, particularly silver leaf whiteflies. And is not very effective against aphids.
JP2003-325078

The technical problem of the present invention is to focus on such problems, and by using predatory natural enemies for the control of aphids, it is possible to avoid the emergence of resistance acquisition lines, aphids that have already acquired resistance to chemically synthesized insecticides Therefore, it is to solve the above-mentioned problems of conventional chemically synthesized pesticides. In addition, the present invention provides a biological pesticide using an indigenous natural enemy that can solve the above-mentioned problems of imported natural enemies produced in foreign countries and that can be proliferated in large quantities, and a method for producing the same.

The present inventors have found that the indigenous enemy, Uschabane Himekaerou, can be used as a biopesticide against aphids in the course of earnest research to solve the above problems, and using this, a biopesticide and a method for mass proliferation thereof The present invention has been completed.

One or more selected from the group consisting of eggs, larvae, pupae and adults can be used as a biopesticide for the above-mentioned Uschabane sage. The dosage form is suitably a bottle or other container containing eggs and / or larvae and / or pupae and / or adult worms. In use, it is only necessary to put eggs and / or larvae and / or pupae and / or adult worms in bottles or other containers or bags and spray or install them in fields or facilities (houses). .

For the production of the Ustella spruce, it grows in large quantities using a plant that is preferred by aphids that feed on the Ustella spruce. At this time, the growth environment temperature is preferably maintained at 20 to 30 ° C.

Uschabane Himegerou is a natural enemy that preys on aphids and is an indigenous natural enemy that has been confirmed to live in the south of the Amami Islands including Okinawa Island in Japan (Keiji Higashi, 2002). This species also prey on aphids that occur in various fruits and vegetables. Therefore, the biological pesticides using the Usu-chane Himegerou are excellent pest control materials in terms of environmental safety and effectiveness.

Next, means and actions for solving the technical problem of the present invention will be described. Claim 1 is a biological pesticide for controlling pests, characterized in that at least Usucha-Bane Himegerou is an organism managed as a biological pesticide for controlling pests. As described above, aphids can be effectively controlled by growing, managing, and using a large amount of Usubanane Himegerou as a biological pesticide for pest control. In addition, the Usu-chane Himegerou is an indigenous natural enemy that has been confirmed to live in the south of the Amami Islands, including Okinawa Island. Therefore, even if it is released to the field, it has little impact on the domestic ecosystem and is extremely safe. This is a biological control measure.

Claim 2 is the biopesticide according to claim 1, characterized in that the Uschabane Himegerou is one or more selected from the group consisting of eggs, larvae, pupae and adults. As described above, the Ustella spruce can be used as a biological pesticide against aphids, whether it is eggs, larvae or pupae, as well as adults.

Claim 3 is characterized in that the dosage form is a bottle or other container or bag containing eggs and / or larvae and / or pupae and / or adult worms. The biological pesticide described in 1. Thus, the dosage form is a bottle or other container or bag containing eggs and / or larvae and / or pupae and / or adult worms, which can be used, managed and handled as biopesticides. Simple and safe.

Claim 4 is the biological pesticide according to claim 1, claim 2, or claim 3, wherein the pest to be controlled is an aphid. As described above, Usuchabanhimekagerou is particularly effective when used as a natural enemy pesticide for aphids.

The fifth aspect of the present invention is a method for controlling pests, characterized in that eggs and / or larvae and / or pupae and / or adult worms are used as natural enemies for pest control. Thus, according to the pest control method using the eggs and / or larvae and / or pupae and / or adult worms of Usucha-Bane-himegerou as natural enemies, there is a remarkable control effect particularly against aphids.

Claim 6 attaches the eggs and / or larvae and / or pupae and / or adults of Usucha-Banegi to a styrene piece, a small piece of paper, or puts it in a bottle or other container or bag and sprays it on the field, or The pest control method according to claim 5, wherein the pest is controlled by installing. In this way, the eggs and / or larvae and / or pupae and / or adult worms are attached to a piece of styrene, a small piece of paper, or placed in a bottle or other container or bag, and then sprayed in a field or house. Alternatively, according to the pest control method to be installed, the operation is simple and the target pest can be controlled safely and effectively without polluting the surrounding environment.

A seventh aspect of the present invention is a method for producing a pest control biological pesticide characterized in that a large amount of austrachia medusa wax is propagated using a plant that is preferred by aphids that serve as a feed for the eucalypt. As described above, according to the method of mass-growing Usubanei himegoro using a plant body that is preferred by aphids that are used as feed for the eucalyptia, it is possible to effectively mass-produce the eucalyptia victoria.

Claim 8 is the method for producing a pest control biological pesticide according to claim 7, characterized in that the environmental temperature for mass-growing the Ustella spruce is 20-30 ° C. As described above, by maintaining the environmental temperature for mass-growing the Usucha-Banechi-kagerou at 20 to 30 ° C., it is possible to easily maintain the habitat environment of the Ucha-Banechi-kagegerou and to easily realize the mass-growth.

Claim 9 is a method for producing a pest control biological pesticide according to claim 7 or claim 8, wherein cardboard is used to collect the straw. Thus, for example, when a cardboard piece having a thickness of 4 to 5 mm is placed in the growth container, the larva enters the hole of the cardboard piece and becomes a cocoon, and this is collected and waits for the adult to emerge. Thus, according to the method of collecting pupae using cardboard, it becomes possible to efficiently collect adult worms in one container and collect eggs.

Claim 10 is a method for producing a pest control biopesticide according to claim 7, wherein the eggs are collected using a foamed resin piece such as a styrene piece. . Uschabane Himegerou has the property of laying eggs on inorganic and clean styrene pieces, etc., and if this property is used to recover eggs in a sanitary environment using foamed resin pieces such as styrene pieces, It is possible to recover eggs safely and easily because the Japanese black wings are less susceptible to diseases.

11. The insect pest control according to claim 7, claim 9, claim 9 or claim 10, wherein the adult insects are collected in a bottle or other container or bag using an apparatus having suction means. This is a production method for biological agricultural chemicals. Thus, according to the method of collecting adults in bottles or other containers or bags using an apparatus having suction means, even adults having blades can be easily collected in containers.

As described above, according to the biological pesticides using the Uschabane Himegerou of any one of Claims 1 to 4, the aphids can be effectively controlled by natural enemy action. Because it is an indigenous natural enemy living in the south of the Amami Islands, even if it is released in a field or house, it has little impact on the domestic ecosystem and can control pests without burdening the environment. Uschabane himegoro can be used as a biopesticide for aphids, whether it is eggs, larvae or pupae, and is in the form of a bottle or other container containing eggs, larvae, pupae or adults. Or since it is bags, management and handling as a biopesticide are simple and safe.

Moreover, according to the pest control method using the eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults of Uscha-Bane Himegerou as natural enemies as in claims 5 and 6, a remarkable control effect is exerted particularly against aphids. The usage method is just to spread or install the eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults of Steller's eggs on styrene pieces, small paper pieces, put them in bottles or other containers or bags, and spread them in the field or house. The work is simple and there is no risk of polluting the surrounding environment.

According to the method for mass growth according to claim 7 and claim 8, according to the growth method using a plant body preferred by aphids that are used as a feed for the grasshopper, and maintaining the ambient temperature at 20 to 30 ° C., Massive breeding can be carried out while maintaining good food and habitat environment.

According to the production method of recovering eggs using cardboard as in claim 9 or recovering eggs using styrene pieces as in claim 10, It is possible to effectively mass-produce Chabanhimekagerou. Further, according to the method of recovering adult bladed worms into bottles or other containers or bags using an apparatus having an inhalation means as in claim 11, even a winged adult can be easily and without damage. Can be recovered. As described above, it is possible to easily and efficiently proliferate the Usucha-Bane Himegerou, which is a natural enemy, and to enable mass stable production.

Next, an embodiment will be described in which a biological pesticide containing the Usucha-Bane Himegerou according to the present invention is actually embodied. The introduction of the biopesticide according to the present invention into the field can provide a long-term effect regardless of whether the Ustella spruce is in the growth stage of eggs, larvae, pupae or adults. In particular, when eggs or larvae are introduced, the control effect appears more quickly. As the dosage form, styrene pieces to which eggs and / or larvae are attached, small paper pieces to which pupae are attached, bottles and other containers containing adults are suitable for both distribution and use. In use, an excellent control effect against target pests can be obtained by a very simple method of spraying or installing the above-mentioned styrene pieces, small paper pieces or bottles in a field requiring control.

In dissemination of biological pesticides, it is essential to establish a system that stably supplies large quantities of target organisms. In the case of Uschabane Himegerou, mass growth can be easily carried out by propagating aphids, which are used as feed for Uschabane Himegerou, using Brassicaceae plants.

Aphids are used for the feed of the Ustella spruce. Aphids grow using cruciferous plants such as the radish. Seeds of cruciferous plants are sown in seedling pots and grown for 7-10 days at 20-30 ° C., then inoculated with aphids, placed at 20-30 ° C. for 7-10 days, and proliferated in the meantime The aphids that have been used are used as a food for the Usubanane Himegerou. Since seeds of silkworm radish can be obtained at a relatively low cost, this method can produce a feed for the Usucha-Bane Himegerou relatively inexpensively.

The growth of the Ustella spruce is performed using a semi-sealed container 1 having air permeability as shown in FIG. The illustrated example of a Ustella winged geese butterfly breeding container 1 is a bucket with a hermetically sealed lid, which has a length × width × height: 30 × 30 × 30 cm, and is provided with a ventilation window 2 stretched with a net or the like. The sealing lid 3 is made of, for example, translucent polyethylene. In this breeding container 1, a styrene net 4 or a piece of paper that serves as a scaffold for securing a living space for larvae is placed. Then, when the cruciferous plant 5 in which the aphids 6 are grown is cut in, the aphids are used as a bait and grows until the black-headed winged wings turn into eggs from the eggs. The plant body 5 with the aphids 6 and the styrol net 4 or paper pieces to be used as a scaffold are added to the container 1 so as to be appropriately stacked.

Use the cardboard pieces to collect the wings of the Usuchabanhimekagerou grown from the larvae. For example, when a corrugated cardboard piece cut so that the depth of the through hole is 4 to 5 mm is placed in the growth container 1, the larva enters the corrugated cardboard hole and becomes a cocoon. This is collected and transferred to another container, that is, the adult emergence container 15 of FIG. 3, and waits for the adults to emerge. By this collection method, adults can be efficiently collected in one container and collected. The cardboard piece 7 may be bonded to the inner surface of the sealing lid 3. At this time, since one end of the through hole is adhered, the upper end of the through hole is closed.

It is convenient to collect the eggs of the Ustyabane swordfish using a styrene piece 8 as shown in FIG. When the adults of Ustella spruce collected by the above method are put in a semi-sealed container and further the styrol piece 8 is put, the adult lays eggs on the surface of the styrol piece 8. Spawned styrene pieces are collected every 3-4 days. At this time, aphids are sufficiently fed as adult food.

Since the adults of the Ustella spruce have a characteristic of laying eggs in favor of the inorganic and clean styrol pieces 8, the eggs are collected in a hygienic environment using the styrol pieces by utilizing this property. As a result, it is less susceptible to diseases and can be recovered safely and easily to start propagation of the next generation or to be used for egg spraying. That is, the above-mentioned styrene pieces 8 are sprayed in the field or house. In addition, what is necessary is just a piece made from foamed resin, and is not limited to styrene.

With such a breeding method and apparatus, it is possible to produce a large amount and low cost of the Usubanane Himegerou. In the case of using the golden radish as the cruciferous plant 5 that feeds on the aphids, it is possible to produce up to 29.2 adult adults of the eucalypt per 1 pot seeded with 50 to 60 seeds. The time taken from egg collection to emergence is approximately 14 to 16 days at about 25 ° C.

When adults are sprayed as described above, bottling is a suitable dosage form. In order to bottle the adults of Usubanane Himegerou, it is easy to collect them from the growth container into a bottle using a suction machine such as an electric vacuum cleaner as shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the principle of an apparatus for filling adult bottles of Usubanane Himegewara. The bottle 9 is, for example, a cylinder with a height of 9 cm and a diameter of 7 cm.
The lid has a suction port 10 having a diameter of 7 mm and a vent 11 having a size of 50 mm, and the vent 11 has a net of 1 mm. The vent 11 is connected to a suction machine 12 such as a household electric vacuum cleaner by a hose 13.

On the other hand, by connecting the 7 mm hole 10 of the recovery bottle 9 via the vinyl hose 14 to the adult wing emergence container 15, an adult chick moth is sucked into the recovery bottle 9 via the hose 14. The From the 50 mm hole 11, only the air in the collection bottle 9 is sucked into the suction device 12 of the vacuum cleaner, so that only the black wings remain in the collection bottle 9. This bottling apparatus is devised so that the ratio of “the diameter of the bottle outlet (suction side) 11 / the diameter of the inlet 10” is large, so that there is no fear that the adults will be killed by the negative pressure of the suction machine. The bottle 9 from which the adults have been collected in this manner can be directly sold as a biopesticide product, or can be used as a biopesticide as it is when placed in a field or house and opened. The above embodiment is for explaining the contents of the present invention more clearly, and does not limit the scope of rights of the present invention. For example, the recovery bottle 9 can be replaced with other various types of containers made of synthetic resin. Moreover, the adults collected in the bottle 9 can be transferred to a plastic bag or a paper bag to form a dosage form. A net bag may be used as long as the Uschabane Himegerou does not escape.

The effect in the field with respect to cotton aphids of the Uchibanebane mekaguro, which is a biopesticide according to the present invention, will be demonstrated below with reference to examples.

Example 1
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the control effect in the field against cotton aphids when the eggs of the biopesticide according to the present invention are sprayed. This test was conducted in a cucumber field (26 strains) in a plastic greenhouse in the Okinawa Agricultural Experiment Station where cotton aphids occurred. A piece of styrol as shown in FIG. 2 to which the eggs of Usubanane Himegerou were attached was sprayed twice at a rate of about 100 eggs per strain. Then, the number of aphids within a 5 cm × 5 cm frame was counted and used as an index of the effect. As a result, as shown in the figure, the number of aphids began to decrease sharply 14 days after the natural enemy release, and the density was kept low until 35 days later. This is because the aphids became the food for the green aphids, and it was thus found that the application of the biopesticidal egg according to the present invention has a controlling effect on cotton aphids.

Example 2
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the control effect in the field against cotton aphids when the adult pesticides according to the present invention are sprayed. This test was conducted in a cucumber field (30 strains) in a plastic greenhouse in the Okinawa Agricultural Experiment Station where cotton aphids occurred. A bottle containing 60 adults of Uschabane Himegerou was opened and sprinkled uniformly. Then, the number of aphids within a 5 cm × 5 cm frame was counted and used as an index of the effect. As a result, as shown in the figure, the number of aphids rapidly decreased 13 days after the natural enemy release, and the density was kept low. This is because the aphids became the food for the green aphid, so it was found that the application of the biopesticidal insecticide according to the present invention has a controlling effect on cotton aphids.

As described above, according to the present invention, a biopesticide using an indigenous natural enemy, Uschabane Himekagerou, is used without a burden on the environment and without affecting the domestic ecosystem. Control is possible. In addition, according to the mass propagation method of Uschabane Himegerou of the present invention, it is possible to easily and efficiently proliferate Uschabane Himegerou, which has not been established in the past, and enables mass stable production of biological pesticides. Become. As a result, it is possible to effectively control aphids, which are important pests of fruit vegetables and flowers, and contribute to the improvement of agricultural production in Japan.

It is a perspective view which shows embodiment of the propagation container of a Uscha-Bane Himegerou. It is a perspective view of the styrene piece used in order to lay the egg of the Ustabane Himegerou. It is a principle figure of the apparatus which stuffs the adult of Uschabane Himegerou in a bottle. It is the graph which showed the effect in the field with respect to cotton aphid of the biopesticides by the present invention (when eggs are sprayed). It is the graph which showed the effect in the field with respect to cotton aphid of the biopesticides (when an adult is sprayed) by this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Breeding container 2 Ventilation hole 3 Sealing lid 4 Styrofoam net 5 as a scaffold for larva 6 Cruciferous plant 6 Aphids 7 Corrugated cardboard piece 8 Spawning styrol piece 9 Bottle for recovering and spreading adult green leafhopper 10 11 Air outlet 12 Suction machine 13 Hose 14 Vinyl hose 15 Adult wing container

Claims (11)

A biological pesticide for pest control, characterized in that at least Uschabane Himegerou is an organism managed as a biopesticide for pest control. The biopesticide according to claim 1, wherein the Uscha-Bane Himegerou is one or more selected from the group consisting of eggs, larvae, pupae and adults. 3. The biopesticide according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the dosage form is a bottle or other container or bag containing eggs and / or larvae and / or pupae and / or adults of Usucha-Banechigou. . The biological pesticide according to claim 1, 2, or 3, wherein the pest to be controlled is an aphid. A method for controlling pests, which comprises using eggs and / or larvae and / or pupae and / or adults of Uschabane swordfish as natural enemies for pest control. Pests can be removed by attaching eggs and / or larvae and / or pupae and / or adult worms to Styrofoam, small paper strips, or placing them in bottles or other containers or bags and spreading or placing them on the field. The pest control method according to claim 5, wherein the pest control method is performed. A method for producing a pesticide-use biological pesticide characterized by mass-growing auschabane swordfish using a plant body preferred by aphids that feed on the squirrel. The method for producing a pest control biological pesticide according to claim 7, wherein the environmental temperature for mass-growing the Usu-chane-bane is a 20-30 ° C. The method for producing a biological pesticide for controlling pests according to claim 7, wherein the straw is collected using cardboard. The method for producing a pest control biological pesticide according to claim 7, 8 or 9, wherein the eggs are collected using the foamed resin piece. The production of biological pesticides for controlling pests according to claim 7, wherein the adults are collected in bottles or other containers or bags using a device having suction means. Method.

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