JP2006230229A - Method for transporting bait insect and bait plant for natural enemy insect and apparatus therefor - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本発明は農作物を害虫の被害から保護するために用いる天敵昆虫の餌昆虫及びその餌植物の運搬方法、その方法に使用する運搬用装置、並びに天敵昆虫の餌昆虫の使用方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a natural enemy insect prey used for protecting crops from pest damage, a method for transporting the prey plant, a transporting device used for the method, and a method for using the natural enemy prey insect.
従来から、農作物の害虫防除を目的として、当該害虫の天敵昆虫を栽培圃場内に放すという方法は広く採用されてきた（特許文献１）。しかし、圃場内に天敵昆虫の餌となる害虫がいない場合は、放した天敵昆虫が死亡してしまうため、害虫と同じ種類で作物を加害しない餌となる昆虫を増加させて天敵昆虫を放すという方法が提案されている（特許文献２）。一方、天敵昆虫の餌昆虫は、餌となる植物がないと増加できないため、圃場内に餌植物を栽培する必要がある。また、餌となる植物ではなく、餌となる昆虫が集合する素材を圃場内に配置して、餌昆虫を呼び寄せ、天敵昆虫に捕食させて増加させる方法も提案されている（特許文献３）。 Conventionally, for the purpose of pest control of agricultural crops, a method of releasing the natural enemy insect of the pest into the cultivation field has been widely adopted (Patent Document 1). However, if there are no pests in the field that feed the natural enemy insects, the released natural enemy insects will die, so the number of insects that are the same type of pests that will not harm the crop will be increased and the natural enemy insects will be released. A method has been proposed (Patent Document 2). On the other hand, prey insects of natural enemy insects cannot be increased without a plant that serves as a food. Therefore, it is necessary to cultivate food plants in the field. In addition, a method has been proposed in which a material for gathering insects that serve as food, instead of plants that serve as food, is arranged in the field, the insects are attracted and preyed on by natural enemy insects (Patent Document 3).
一方、天敵昆虫を利用した害虫防除のために、天敵昆虫の餌昆虫とその餌植物とを、パックに詰めて販売することが従来から行われてきた。この方法は、パック容器に詰めた土壌に、餌植物の種子を播種し、発芽したその茎葉に餌昆虫を寄生させて運搬する方法であった。
しかしながら、この方法ではパックを運搬するときに、中身が反転して植物や昆虫と土壌が混ざり、機能を果たさなくなることが多かった。すなわち、運搬中に落としたり、傾けたりすると、土壌が植物と混ざり合い、パック中の餌昆虫が死滅したり、数が減少したりするという問題があった。さらには、水分が結露してしまい、パック中の昆虫が羽をとられて死亡する例も見られた。
However, in this method, when the pack is transported, the contents are reversed and the plant, insect, and soil are mixed, and the function is often lost. That is, when dropped or tilted during transportation, the soil is mixed with plants, and there is a problem that the prey insects in the pack are killed or the number is reduced. In addition, there were cases where moisture was condensed and insects in the pack were killed by wings.
最も一般的な方法として、害虫アブラムシ類の天敵昆虫であるコレマンアブラバチの餌昆虫であるアブラムシ類を運搬するために、プラスチック容器に入れた土に、餌植物となる小麦の種子を播種し、発芽した麦にムギクビレアブラムシを寄生させて運ぶ方法がとられている。しかし、この方法では１０件に１件程度は、運搬中の衝撃で土と小麦が混ざり合い使用できなくなっていた。また、葉からの結露により、死亡する餌昆虫の個体が数１０％の割合で発生していた。かかる問題に対しては有効な解決方法がなく、解決すべき課題となっていた。 As the most common method, to transport the aphids that are the predatory insects of the insect pest aphids, Koreman abachi, the seeds of wheat serving as the feeding plant are sown in the soil in plastic containers, A method is used in which the germinated wheat is parasitized and carried. However, in this method, about 1 out of 10 cases could not be used because soil and wheat were mixed by impact during transportation. In addition, due to condensation from the leaves, there were several tens of percent of prey insects that died. There is no effective solution for such a problem, which has been a problem to be solved.
また、容器で運搬され圃場に到着した、餌昆虫であるアブラムシ類及びその餌植物は、容器からポットや畦に移植され及び植え替えられ栽培されている。圃場に植え替えられ栽培された餌植物上で、餌昆虫であるムギクビレアブラムシは増加し、次いで放した天敵昆虫がそのムギクビレアブラムシを捕食して増加することになる。しかし、この方法では、餌植物の成長と餌昆虫の増加を待たねばならず、このため、餌昆虫を入れてから天敵を導入するまでに相当の時間を要することになる。害虫防除の観点から、餌昆虫を入れてから天敵を導入するまでの間隔はできるだけ短いほうが望ましく、この間隔を短くする必要もあった。 In addition, aphids that are prey insects and their prey plants that have been transported in containers and arrived at the field are transplanted and replanted from the containers to pots and reeds. On the prey plant that has been replanted and cultivated in the field, the prey insect, wheat beetle, increases, and then released natural enemy insects prey on the wheat beetle and increase. However, in this method, it is necessary to wait for the growth of the prey plant and the increase of the prey insects. For this reason, it takes a considerable time from introduction of the prey insects to introduction of natural enemies. From the viewpoint of pest control, it is desirable that the interval between the introduction of a prey insect and the introduction of natural enemies is as short as possible, and it was necessary to shorten this interval.
上述した種々の問題は、アブラムシ類の天敵昆虫であるコレマンアブラバチを利用する場合に限られるものではない。例えば、アザミウマ類の天敵昆虫であるタイリクヒメハナカメムシ、デジェネランスカブリダニ、及びアリガタシマアザミウマの利用に当たっても、同様に解決を要する課題となっている。すなわち、圃場施設内に害虫種のアザミウマ類が増加した後に、その天敵昆虫を放しても天敵昆虫による害虫の防除効果は十分ではない。このため、農作物に被害を及ぼさない種類のアザミウマ類を圃場内で増加させ、そこに速やかに天敵昆虫を放す方法の開発が求められていた。 The various problems described above are not limited to the case of using the aphid natural enemy insect, the Coleman abalone. For example, the use of the common enemy insects of the thrips, Teliikuhimekamemushi, Degeneranus calydani, and Arigatashima thrips is also a problem that needs to be solved. That is, even if the natural enemy insects are released after the increase of the pest species Thrips in the field facility, the insect pest control effect by the natural enemy insects is not sufficient. For this reason, there has been a demand for the development of a method for increasing the number of thrips that do not damage crops in the field and releasing natural enemy insects there quickly.
本発明は上記問題点を解決するためになされたものであって、天敵昆虫の餌昆虫を餌植物に寄生させ、その植物体の茎若しくは葉又は花房のみを切り取って容器に詰め運搬し、上述した運搬上のトラブルを防ぐことを目的とする。加えて、天敵昆虫を放す予定の圃場で、予め栽培していた餌植物の上に、運搬された当該餌昆虫が寄生した餌植物体を載せることで、餌昆虫を接種して増加させ、当該餌昆虫を捕食し寄生する天敵昆虫を増やし、かつ害虫防除における天敵昆虫の利用開始期間をも早めることを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and parasitize the prey insects of natural enemy insects in the prey plant, cuts off only the stems or leaves or inflorescences of the plant body, and packs and transports them in the container. The purpose is to prevent troubles in transportation. In addition, in the field where natural enemy insects are to be released, the prey cultivated parasites are placed on the pre-cultivated prey plants, so that the prey insects are inoculated and increased. The purpose is to increase the number of natural enemy insects that prey on and parasitize the prey insects, and to shorten the start period of use of the natural enemy insects in pest control.
本発明の天敵餌昆虫及び餌植物の運搬方法及びその方法に用いられる装置は、例えば、農作物施設栽培における害虫防除のために用いられる天敵昆虫であるアブラバチ類、例えば、コレマンアブラバチ、エルビーアブラバチなどの餌昆虫であるムギクビレアブラムシ、ムギヒゲナガアブラムシなどを利用するために使用できる。この場合に殺虫防除の対象となる害虫は、アブラムシ類が挙げられる。また、天敵昆虫であるタイリクヒメハナカメムシ、デジェネランスカブリダニ及びアリガタシマアザミウマの餌昆虫であるアザミウマ類を利用するためにも使用できる。しかしながら、本発明は上記の天敵昆虫や餌昆虫の利用及び対象害虫の防除に限定されるものではない。 The method of transporting natural enemy prey insects and prey plants of the present invention and the apparatus used in the method are, for example, a natural wasp insects used for pest control in crop facility cultivation, such as coleman abrab, erby abbat, etc. It can be used to make use of wheat insects such as wheat aphid and wheat aphid. In this case, examples of the insect pests to be controlled for insecticide include aphids. Moreover, it can also be used to utilize thrips that are prey insects of the common enemy insects, T. elegans, degeneration lanceid mites, and Arigata thrips. However, the present invention is not limited to the use of the above natural enemy insects and prey insects and the control of target pests.
上記目的を達成するための本発明の天敵昆虫の餌昆虫の運搬方法は、天敵昆虫の餌となる昆虫と餌昆虫の餌植物とを、緩衝材を備えた装置となる容器内に入れて輸送、運搬し、農作物栽培圃場において予め育てた餌昆虫の餌植物上に運搬した餌昆虫を放し、その後に天敵昆虫を放して餌昆虫に寄生させて増殖させることにより、害虫の増加を抑制し農作物の被害を未然に防ぐことを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、上記の天敵昆虫の餌昆虫の運搬方法に使用するための装置であって、天敵昆虫の餌となる昆虫と餌昆虫の餌植物とを保護するための緩衝材を容器内に備えた、天敵昆虫の餌昆虫の運搬用装置を提供する。
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for transporting insects that feed on natural enemy insects, and transports insects that serve as food for natural enemy insects and bait plants for prey insects in containers that are equipped with buffer materials. , Transport and release prey insects that have been transported on prey-growing prey plants in crop cultivation fields, and then release natural enemy insects to infest the prey insects, thereby preventing the increase of pests and crops It is characterized by preventing damages in advance.
Further, the present invention is an apparatus for use in the above-mentioned method for transporting prey insects of natural enemy insects, comprising a buffer material for protecting insects as prey of natural enemy insects and prey insect prey plants in the container. An apparatus for transporting prey insects of natural enemy insects is provided.
本発明の天敵昆虫の餌昆虫の運搬方法は、例えば、餌昆虫がアブラムシ類であり、天敵昆虫がアブラバチ類であり、餌植物がイネ科植物、好ましくは麦類の茎葉である場合に、餌昆虫であるアブラムシ類が寄生した茎葉のみを切り集めて本発明の天敵昆虫の餌昆虫の運搬用装置に入れ、輸送、運搬することができる。ここで、餌昆虫であるアブラムシ類としては、ムギクビレアブラムシ又はムギヒゲナガアブラムシを例示することができる。そして、餌昆虫がムギクビレアブラムシの場合は、天敵昆虫としてコレマンアブラバチを、餌昆虫がムギヒゲナガアブラムシの場合は、天敵昆虫としてエルビーアブラバチを利用することができる。 The method of transporting prey insects of the natural enemy insect of the present invention is, for example, when the prey insect is an aphid, the natural enemy insect is a wasp, and the prey plant is a grass family, preferably a barley foliage. Only the foliage parasitized by aphids, which are insects, can be collected and placed in the device for transporting prey insects of the natural enemy insect of the present invention for transport and transport. Here, examples of the aphids that are prey insects include wheat beetle aphids or wheat aphids. When the prey insect is a wheat beetle, the coleman abalone can be used as a natural enemy insect, and when the prey insect is a barnacle aphid, an elbya bee can be used as a natural enemy insect.
また、本発明の天敵昆虫の餌昆虫の運搬方法は、餌昆虫がアザミウマ類（例えばハナアザミウマ）であり、天敵昆虫がタイリクヒメハナカメムシ、デジェネランスカブリダニ及びアリガタシマアザミウマなどのカメムシ類、ダニ類及びアザミウマ類である場合には、餌植物としてスベリヒユ（ポーチュラカなどのスベリヒユ科植物）、バーベナ、ローマンカモミールのようなキク科植物、及びトウモロコシ雌蕊と花粉から選ばれる１種以上を使用することができ、餌昆虫が寄生したこれらの餌植物の茎葉花房又は雌蕊と花粉のみを切り集めて、本発明の天敵昆虫の餌昆虫の運搬用装置に入れ、輸送、運搬することができる。 In addition, according to the method for transporting prey insects of the natural enemy insects of the present invention, the prey insects are thrips (for example, Hana thrips), and the natural enemy insects are stink bugs such as the tiger spider mite, degenerant cabbage mite and ariga thrips, In the case of moss and thrips, it is possible to use at least one selected from the group consisting of purslane (Asteraceae such as Porturaca), asteraceae such as verbena and roman chamomile, and corn pistil and pollen. It is possible to cut and collect only the foliage florets or pistil and pollen of these feeding plants that are parasitized by the feeding insects, and put them into the feeding apparatus for feeding insects of the natural enemy insects of the present invention for transportation and transportation.
本発明の天敵昆虫の餌昆虫の運搬用装置は、餌昆虫及び餌植物を入れて輸送、運搬する装置であって、上述の通り、本発明の天敵昆虫の餌昆虫の運搬方法に使用することができる。当該装置は、プラスチック製の円筒形若しくは直方体の容器又は袋状の外形を呈し、外部からの圧迫により破壊し難く、かつ内壁に当該餌昆虫を保護する目的で緩衝材を配置することができる。当該緩衝材としては、凸凹のない紙、綿、ポリエステルなどの素材でできた不織布などを例示することができる。 The device for transporting prey insects of the natural enemy insect of the present invention is a device for transporting and transporting prey insects and prey plants, and as described above, used for the method of transporting prey insects of the natural enemy insects of the present invention. Can do. The device has a plastic cylindrical or rectangular parallelepiped container or bag-like outer shape, is difficult to be destroyed by external pressure, and can be provided with a cushioning material on the inner wall for the purpose of protecting the bait insect. Examples of the buffer material include nonwoven fabric made of a material such as paper without unevenness, cotton, and polyester.
本発明の天敵昆虫の餌昆虫の運搬用装置として、例えば、プラスチック製の袋状の外形を呈する容器を使用することができ、餌昆虫及び餌植物を入れる当該プラスチック製の袋状の容器は、例えば、プラスチックで成型された骨格を有することができる。かかる袋状の容器に、例えば、餌昆虫としてムギクビレアブラムシ（無翅虫）又はムギヒゲナガアブラムシ（無翅虫）を、餌植物として麦の茎葉を入れ、輸送、運搬することができる。また、餌昆虫としてハナアザミウマなどのアザミウマ類を、餌植物としてスベリヒユ（ポーチュラカなどのスベリヒユ科植物）、バーベナ、若しくはローマンカモミールなどのキク科植物の茎葉花房、又はトウモロコシ雌蕊と花粉などを入れて輸送、運搬することもできる。本発明の運搬用装置によれば、餌昆虫及び餌植物の輸送中に、装置を如何なる方向に向けても、容器中の餌昆虫及び餌植物に何ら悪影響を与えることなく運搬することが可能である。 As a device for transporting prey insects of the natural enemy insect of the present invention, for example, a plastic bag-like container can be used, and the plastic bag-like container for feeding prey insects and prey plants is For example, it can have a skeleton molded of plastic. In such a bag-like container, for example, wheat beetle aphids (wormless) or wheat beetle aphids (wormless) as bait insects and wheat foliage as bait plants can be transported and transported. In addition, Thrips such as Hana thrips are used as prey insects, and foliage plants (Prunchus such as Porchuraca), chrysanthemum plants such as Verbena or Roman Chamomile are used as prey plants, or corn pistil and pollen are transported. Can also be transported. According to the carrying device of the present invention, it is possible to carry the bait insect and the bait plant without adversely affecting the bait insect and the bait plant in the container in any direction during the transportation of the bait insect and the bait plant. is there.
さらに、本発明は、上記本発明の餌昆虫の運搬方法により運搬され、本発明の運搬用装置内の餌昆虫が寄生した餌植物を、農作物栽培圃場に予め育成した餌植物に載せることにより、当該圃場内で餌昆虫を増殖させることを特徴とする天敵昆虫の餌昆虫の使用方法を提供する。前述の通り、餌昆虫がムギクビレアブラムシ又はムギヒゲナガアブラムシなどのアブラムシ類である場合は、餌植物として麦類の茎葉を使用し、餌昆虫がアザミウマ類である場合は、餌植物としてスベリヒユ（ポーチュラカなどのスベリヒユ科植物）、バーベナ若しくはローマンカモミールなどのキク科植物の茎葉花房、又はトウモロコシ雌蕊と花粉を使用することができる。運搬用装置内に入れた餌昆虫は、装置内でこれらの餌植物に寄生するので、農作物栽培圃場に運搬後に、装置から餌昆虫が寄生した餌植物を取り出し、農作物栽培圃場に予め育成した餌植物である麦類の茎葉あるいは上記花類の花弁に載せることにより、当該圃場内で餌昆虫を増殖させることができる。すなわち、運搬用装置内の餌昆虫が寄生した餌植物を、農作物栽培圃場に予め育成した餌植物である麦類の茎葉あるいは上記花類の花弁に載せることにより、圃場で育成した餌植物によって餌昆虫が効果的に増殖する。このように当該餌昆虫を増殖させることにより、当該餌昆虫に寄生する天敵昆虫の生息量を効果的に増殖させることができ、その結果、圃場内の害虫の増加を抑制することができる。 Furthermore, the present invention is carried by the above-mentioned feeding insect transportation method of the present invention, and by placing the feeding plant infested with the feeding insect in the transportation device of the present invention on a feeding plant previously grown in a crop cultivation field, Provided is a method for using a prey insect of a natural enemy insect, characterized by growing a prey insect in the field. As described above, when the prey insect is an aphid such as wheat beetle or aphid aphid, barley stalks and leaves are used as the prey plant, and when the prey insect is a thrips, the purslane (portulaca) is used as the prey plant. , Etc.), foliar florets of asteraceae plants such as verbena or roman chamomile, or corn pistil and pollen can be used. Since the prey insects placed in the transport device parasitize these prey plants in the device, the prey plant infested with prey insects is taken out from the device after transporting to the crop cultivation field, and the prey grown in the crop cultivation field. Prey insects can be propagated in the field by placing them on the stems and leaves of wheat, which is a plant, or on the petals of the flowers. That is, by feeding a prey plant infested with insects in a transporting device on a barley stover or a petal of the above-mentioned flower that has been pre-grown on a crop cultivation field, it is fed by a prey plant grown on the field. Insects multiply effectively. By multiplying the prey insects in this way, it is possible to effectively increase the amount of natural enemy insects parasitic on the prey insects, and as a result, it is possible to suppress an increase in pests in the field.
上記の本発明による天敵昆虫の餌昆虫の使用方法は、本発明の餌昆虫の運搬方法により運搬された餌昆虫がアブラムシ類である場合、アブラムシ類の天敵昆虫であるアブラバチ類、好ましくはコレマンアブラバチ又はエルビーアブラバチを、さらに農作物栽培圃場に予め育成した餌植物である麦類の茎葉に放して、当該餌昆虫に寄生させて増殖させ、圃場内の天敵昆虫の生息量を増やし、圃場に侵入し増加する農作物にとっての害虫であるアブラムシ類の増加を抑制することができる。 The above-mentioned method for using the prey insect of the natural enemy insect according to the present invention is that, when the prey insect carried by the method for transporting prey insects of the present invention is an aphid, Release the abalone or elby abalone onto the barley stalks and leaves that are prey cultivated in the field where crops are cultivated. Therefore, an increase in aphids, which are pests for increasing crops, can be suppressed.
上記の本発明による天敵昆虫の餌昆虫の使用方法は、本発明の餌昆虫の運搬方法により運搬された餌昆虫がアザミウマ類である場合、アザミウマ類の天敵昆虫であるタイリクヒメハナカメムシ、デジェネランスカブリダニ、及びアリガタシマアザミウマを、さらに農作物栽培圃場に予め育成した餌植物であるスベリヒユ（ポーチュラカなどのスベリヒユ科植物）、バーベナ、ローマンカモミールなどのキク科植物の茎葉花上に放して、当該餌昆虫に寄生させて増殖させ、圃場内の天敵昆虫の生息量を増やし、圃場に侵入し増加する農作物にとっての害虫であるアザミウマ類の増加を抑制することができる。 The above-mentioned method of using the prey insect of the natural enemy insect according to the present invention is such that when the prey insect transported by the prey insect transport method of the present invention is a thrips, it is a natural enemy insect of the thrips, Lanca burdock mites and Thrips thrips are further released on the stem and foliage of asteraceae plants such as purslane (Purchura plant such as Portulaca), Verbena, and Roman chamomile, which have been preliminarily grown in the crop cultivation field. It can be caused to infest with insects, increase the amount of natural enemy insects in the field, and suppress the increase of thrips that are pests for agricultural products that invade the field and increase.
本発明の天敵昆虫の餌昆虫の運搬方法およびその装置によれば、天敵昆虫の餌昆虫と餌昆虫の餌植物とを緩衝材とともに運搬装置に入れることにより、多量の餌昆虫を輸送、運搬することができる。また、運搬した餌昆虫及び餌昆虫が寄生した餌植物を、農作物栽培圃場において予め育てた餌昆虫の餌植物上に放し及び載せ、餌昆虫を増加させておき、そこに天敵昆虫を放すことにより、天敵昆虫の増殖効率を向上させることが可能となる。従って、本発明の天敵昆虫の餌昆虫の運搬方法およびその装置により、効果的に天敵昆虫を増殖させることができ、農作物圃場の害虫の増加を抑制し農作物の被害を未然に防ぐことができる。 According to the method and apparatus for transporting prey insects of the natural enemy insect of the present invention, a large number of prey insects are transported and transported by putting the prey insects of the natural enemy insect and the prey insect prey plant together with a buffer material into the transport device. be able to. In addition, the transported prey insects and prey plants infested with prey insects are released and placed on the prey-growing prey plants in the crop cultivation field, the prey insects are increased, and natural enemy insects are released there. It becomes possible to improve the propagation efficiency of natural enemy insects. Therefore, according to the method and apparatus for transporting prey insects of the natural enemy insect of the present invention, natural enemy insects can be effectively propagated, and an increase in pests in the crop field can be suppressed and damage to the crops can be prevented.
また、本発明の天敵昆虫の餌昆虫の運搬方法およびその装置によれば、例えば、餌昆虫がムギクビレアブラムシ又はムギヒゲナガアブラムシなどのアブラムシ類であり、天敵昆虫がコレマンアブラバチ又はエルビーアブラバチなどのアブラバチ類であり、餌植物が麦類などのイネ科植物である場合には、当該餌昆虫であるアブラムシ類が寄生している茎及び／又は葉のみを切り集めて装置内の容器に入れることにより、著しく軽量かつコンパクトに多数の餌昆虫であるアブラムシ類を輸送し、運搬することができる。 Further, according to the method and apparatus for transporting prey insects of the natural enemy insects of the present invention, for example, the prey insects are aphids such as wheat beetle aphids or barley aphids, and the natural enemy insects such as coleman abrabat or erby If it is an oil bee and the feeding plant is a gramineous plant such as barley, only the stems and / or leaves infested with the aphids that are the feeding insects are cut out and placed in a container in the apparatus. By this, it is possible to transport and transport aphids, which are a large number of prey insects, extremely light and compact.
同様に、餌昆虫がハナアザミウマなどのアザミウマ類であり、天敵昆虫がタイリクヒメハナカメムシ、デジェネランスカブリダニ及びアリガタシマアザミウマなどのカメムシ類、ダニ類及びアザミウマ類であり、餌植物がスベリヒユ（ポーチュラカなどのスベリヒユ科植物）、バーベナ、ローマンカモミールなどのキク科植物、又はトウモロコシ雌蕊と花粉である場合には、当該餌昆虫であるアザミウマ類が寄生している茎、葉、花房などを切り集めて装置内の容器に入れることにより、軽量かつコンパクトに多数の餌昆虫であるアザミウマ類を輸送し、運搬することができる。 Similarly, the prey insects are thrips such as the thrips, the natural enemy insects are stink bugs, mites and thrips such as the white-eared beetle, degeneration lanceid mite, and the thrips of thrips, and the prey plant is a sedgefish (portulaca). In the case of Asteraceae plants such as Verbena, Roman chamomile, or corn pistil and pollen, the stems, leaves, and inflorescences that are parasitized by the thrips that are the prey insects are collected and collected. By placing it in a container in the apparatus, a thrips that is a large number of prey insects can be transported and transported in a lightweight and compact manner.
餌昆虫及び餌植物を入れて運搬する、本発明の天敵昆虫の餌昆虫の運搬用装置は、プラスチック製の円筒形若しくは直方体の容器又は袋状の外形を呈し、外部からの圧迫により破壊し難く、かつ内壁には餌昆虫を保護する目的で緩衝材が配置される。本発明の天敵昆虫の餌昆虫の運搬用装置によれば、輸送、運搬中に餌昆虫が容器内の陥没部などに引っ掛かったり、露により死亡したりすることがなく、餌昆虫を損傷することなく輸送し運搬することができる。例えば、かかる装置として用いられるプラスチック製の袋状の容器は、プラスチックなどにより成型された骨格を有することができるため、軽量且つコンパクトでありながら頑丈である。従って、餌昆虫及び餌植物を入れて輸送する際に、如何なる方向に向けても運搬が可能であり、著しく輸送、運搬がしやすいものである。 The device for transporting prey insects of the natural enemy insect of the present invention that transports prey insects and prey plants has a plastic cylindrical or rectangular parallelepiped container or bag-like outer shape, and is difficult to be destroyed by external pressure. In addition, a cushioning material is disposed on the inner wall for the purpose of protecting prey insects. According to the device for transporting prey insects of the natural enemy insect of the present invention, the prey insects are not caught in the depressions or the like in the container during transport and transport, or are not killed by dew, and damage the prey insects. It can be transported and transported without any problems. For example, a plastic bag-like container used as such a device can have a skeleton formed of plastic or the like, and is light and compact but strong. Therefore, when feeding and feeding prey insects and prey plants, they can be transported in any direction and are remarkably easy to transport and transport.
本発明の天敵昆虫の餌昆虫の使用方法によれば、運搬用装置内の餌昆虫が寄生した餌植物、例えば、餌昆虫であるムギクビレアブラムシ又はムギヒゲナガアブラムシが寄生した麦の茎葉、あるいは、餌昆虫であるアザミウマ類が寄生したスベリヒユ（ポーチュラカなどのスベリヒユ科植物）、バーベナ、ローマンカモミールなどのキク科植物の茎、葉若しくは花房、又はトウモロコシ雌蕊と花粉などを運搬し、これを作物栽培圃場に予め育成した麦類の茎葉または花類の花弁に載せるだけで、圃場内で餌昆虫を効果的に増加させることができる。 According to the method of using the prey insect of the natural enemy insect of the present invention, a bait plant parasitized by the bait insect in the transporting device, for example, a barley foliage parasitized by the bait insects wheat beetle aphid or barley aphid, or Carrying the stems, leaves or inflorescences of asteraceae plants such as Versaceae (Versulaceae, such as Portulaca), Verbena, and Roman Chamomile, or corn pistil and pollen, etc., which are parasitized by thrips that are prey insects. It is possible to effectively increase the number of prey insects in the field simply by placing them on the stalks and leaves of the cultivated wheat or the petals of the flowers.
従って、本発明の天敵昆虫の餌昆虫の使用方法によれば、餌昆虫であるムギクビレアブラムシ又はムギヒゲナガアブラムシなどのアブラムシ類の天敵昆虫であるコレマンアブラバチ又はエルビーアブラバチなどのアブラバチ類を、さらに上記の作物栽培圃場に予め育成した麦類の茎葉類に放して、増加させた餌植物に寄生させて増殖させ、圃場内の天敵昆虫の生息量を増加させることにより、増加した天敵昆虫により圃場に侵入した害虫であるアブラムシ類の増加を効率的に抑制することが可能となる。 Therefore, according to the method of using the prey insect of the natural enemy insect of the present invention, the aphid such as the aphid natural enemy of the aphid such as wheat beetle aphid or wheat aphid such as Coleman abrabat or erby abbat By releasing to barley foliage grown in advance in the above crop cultivation field, allowing it to infest with increased prey plants and increasing the amount of natural enemy insects in the field, the field by increased natural enemy insects It is possible to efficiently suppress an increase in aphids that are pests that have invaded the worm.
同様に、本発明の天敵昆虫の餌昆虫の使用方法によれば、餌昆虫であるハナアザミウマなどのアザミウマ類の天敵昆虫であるタイリクヒメハナカメムシ、デジェネランスカブリダニ及びアリガタシマアザミウマなどのカメムシ類、ダニ類及びアザミウマ類を、さらに上記の作物栽培圃場に予め育成したスベリヒユ（ポーチュラカなどのスベリヒユ科植物）、バーベナ、ローマンカモミールなどのキク科植物の茎、葉若しくは花弁に放して、増加させた餌植物に寄生させて増殖させ、圃場内での天敵昆虫の生息量を増加させることにより、増加した天敵昆虫により圃場に侵入した害虫であるアザミウマ類の増加を効率的に抑制することが可能となる。 Similarly, according to the method of using the prey insect of the natural enemy insect of the present invention, stink bugs such as the common enemies of thrips such as Hana thrips that are prey insects, , Ticks and thrips were further increased by releasing them to the stems, leaves or petals of Asteraceae plants (Versulaceae plants such as Portulaca), Verbena, and Roman Chamomile plants previously grown in the crop cultivation field. It is possible to efficiently suppress the increase of thrips that are harmful insects that have invaded the field by the increased natural enemy insects by infesting the prey plant and increasing the amount of natural enemy insects in the field. Become.
以下、本発明の実施形態につき、図面を併用して詳細に説明する。
図１の上部に示す餌昆虫と餌植物の運搬装置の例は、円筒形の容器１１内の上下左右に保護緩衝材１３を張り、容器１１の上を蓋１２で閉めたものである。容器１１の中には、餌植物の茎葉や花１４が入れられ、その中に餌昆虫１５が寄生している。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
In the example of the bait insect and bait plant carrying device shown in the upper part of FIG. 1, protective cushioning materials 13 are stretched on the upper, lower, left and right sides of a cylindrical container 11, and the container 11 is closed with a lid 12. In the container 11, foliage and flowers 14 of a feeding plant are placed, and a feeding insect 15 is infested therein.
まず、図１の下部に示すように、別途の容器に土を敷き水分を与えて栽培した餌植物に、例えばアブラムシ類などの餌昆虫を寄生させ、ここから、餌昆虫が寄生した餌植物の茎葉や花を切り集める。次に、切り集めた餌植物の茎葉や花１４を裁断して、保護緩衝材１３を張った容器１１の中に入れ、蓋１２をして、図１の上部に示すような餌昆虫と餌植物の運搬装置とすることができる。あるいは、餌植物の茎葉や花１４と餌昆虫１５とをそれぞれ別個に準備してから、容器１１に入れて、図１の上部に示すような餌昆虫と餌植物の運搬装置とすることもできる。
図１に示すように、保護緩衝材１３を設ければ、容器内の昆虫は足などをもぎ取られたり、溢出した水滴により羽などをとられて死亡したりすることが少なくなる。また、保護緩衝材は、日光により容器内部が過湿状態になったり、高温になったりすることも防ぐ機能を有する。保護緩衝材がない状態では、通常、昆虫は２日間以内でほぼ死滅してしまうが、本発明の運搬用装置を使用した餌昆虫の運搬方法によれば、少なくとも５日以上生存することができるため、餌昆虫の運搬に著しく便利である。
First, as shown in the lower part of FIG. 1, a prey plant such as aphids is parasitized on a prey plant cultivated by spreading soil in a separate container and giving water, and from here, the prey plant infested with prey insects Cut and collect the foliage and flowers. Next, the cut and collected stems and flowers 14 are cut and placed in a container 11 covered with a protective cushioning material 13, covered with a lid 12, and a bait insect and bait as shown in the upper part of FIG. It can be used as a plant transportation device. Alternatively, the bait plant foliage and flowers 14 and the bait insect 15 are separately prepared and then placed in the container 11 to provide a bait insect and bait plant transporting device as shown in the upper part of FIG. .
As shown in FIG. 1, when the protective cushioning material 13 is provided, the insects in the container are less likely to be stripped off their feet or to be killed by wings and the like due to overflowing water droplets. Further, the protective cushioning material has a function of preventing the inside of the container from becoming excessively humid due to sunlight or being heated to a high temperature. In the absence of protective cushioning material, insects usually die within 2 days, but according to the method for transporting prey insects using the transporting device of the present invention, they can survive for at least 5 days. Therefore, it is extremely convenient for transporting prey insects.
図２に示す餌昆虫と餌植物の運搬装置の例は、袋状の容器１１内に、プラスチックなどで成型された骨格１６を入れて、容器１１が外部からの力で破損することを防ぎ、また、図１と同様に保護緩衝材１３を入れて容器内に入れた餌植物の茎葉や花１４及び餌昆虫１５を保護するものである。このような袋状の容器の大きさは用途に合わせて自由に変更できるが、例えば封書サイズのものは、著しくコンパクトでありながら多数の餌昆虫が運べるという利点がある。
容器に入れる餌植物１４は容器内で紙ばさみでとめてもよいが、餌植物の大きさを、容器の長さと同じか、あるいはそれ以上に切り取ることにより、運搬するときに片寄りをなくすことができる。また、餌植物の大きさをこのように調節することにより、餌昆虫が圧殺されることを防止できる。
In the example of the bait insect and bait plant transporting device shown in FIG. 2, a skeleton 16 formed of plastic or the like is placed in a bag-like container 11 to prevent the container 11 from being damaged by an external force. Further, similarly to FIG. 1, the protective buffer material 13 is inserted to protect the foliage and flowers 14 and the bait insect 15 of the bait plant placed in the container. The size of such a bag-like container can be freely changed according to the application. For example, the envelope size has an advantage that a large number of feeding insects can be carried while being extremely compact.
The bait plant 14 to be put in the container may be stopped with a paper scissor in the container, but the bait plant may be cut off to the same length or longer than the length of the container to eliminate the deviation when transported. it can. In addition, by controlling the size of the feeding plant in this way, it is possible to prevent the feeding insects from being crushed.
以上の形態によって発揮される効果を明らかにするため、試験例を以下に記載する。 In order to clarify the effects exerted by the above-described embodiments, test examples are described below.
（試験例１）
図１(カップ麺容器大)及び図２(封筒大)に示す運搬装置の中に、餌植物として長さ１０ｃｍに切りそろえた小麦の葉茎１００本と、餌昆虫としてムギクビレアブラムシ２００頭を入れて、２３℃の部屋に１０日間静置し、５日後及び１０日後のムギクビレアブラムシの生存頭数を調べた。なお、対照として小麦を入れず、藁２０本を入れた区（無餌植物）及び容器内に土を入れて小麦を播種し１５０本を発芽させた区（土付き小麦茎葉）も設置した。結果を表１に示す。
In the transporting device shown in Fig. 1 (cup noodle container size) and Fig. 2 (envelope size), 100 wheat leaf stems cut to 10 cm in length as a feeding plant and 200 wheat beetle aphids as feeding insects. Then, it was left to stand in a room at 23 ° C. for 10 days, and the number of surviving barley beetles after 5 days and 10 days was examined. In addition, as a control, a group containing 20 straws (non-feeding plant) and a group (soiled wheat foliage) in which 150 seeds were germinated by placing soil in a container and soil were placed. The results are shown in Table 1.
５日後及び１０日後には図１の装置内（小麦茎葉のみ）では各々１８８頭及び１６０頭のムギクビレアブラムシの生存が認められた。図２の装置内（小麦茎葉のみ）では各々１８７頭及び１４４頭が生存していた。小麦を土に播種した区（土付き小麦茎葉）では５日後に１９０頭及び１０日後に１７５頭が生存していたが、その一方で、藁を入れた区（無餌植物）では５日後にすべてが死亡していた。
この結果は、５日〜１０日間程度であれば、土に播種した小麦で餌昆虫を飼育する場合と変わらない程度に、上記の装置を利用した本発明の方法により、餌昆虫の生存を維持できることを示すものである。また、これらの結果から、餌昆虫としてムギヒゲナガアブラムシを使用した場合でも、同様の結果が得られることは明らかである。
After 5 days and 10 days, survival of 188 and 160 barley beetles was observed in the apparatus of FIG. 1 (wheat foliage only), respectively. In the apparatus of FIG. 2 (wheat foliage only), 187 and 144 were alive, respectively. In the area where wheat was sown in the soil (soiled wheat foliage), 190 animals were alive after 5 days and 175 animals were alive after 10 days. All were dead.
As a result, the survival of the prey insects was maintained by the method of the present invention using the above-described device to the same extent as when the prey insects were raised with wheat seeded on the soil for about 5 days to 10 days. It shows what can be done. From these results, it is clear that similar results can be obtained even when wheat aphids are used as prey insects.
（試験例２）
図１(カップ麺容器大)及び図２(封筒大)に示す運搬装置の中に、餌植物として、バーベナ１０本、スベリヒユ１０本、ローマンカモミール、スカエボラ及びウエデリアの葉茎１０本及びそれらの花房を各々５個ずつ、及びトウモロコシ雌蘂２房と花粉をそれぞれ入れた。さらに、各餌植物につき、餌昆虫としてハナアザミウマ２０頭を入れて、２５℃の部屋に１０日間静置し、５日後及び１０日後のハナアザミウマの生存頭数を調べた。なお、対照として餌植物を入れなかった区（餌なし区）も設置した。図１の運搬装置における結果を表２に示す。
In the transporting device shown in FIG. 1 (cup noodle container size) and FIG. 2 (envelope size), as feeding plants, 10 verbena, 10 purslane, roman chamomile, scaebola and 10 ederia leaf stems and their inflorescence 5 each, and 2 corn pistil and pollen were added. Further, for each feeding plant, 20 Hana thrips were added as feeding insects and allowed to stand in a room at 25 ° C. for 10 days, and the surviving number of Hana thrips 5 days and 10 days later was examined. In addition, as a control, a section where no feed plant was added (no feed section) was also set up. Table 2 shows the results of the transporting device shown in FIG.
図１の装置内で生息が確認されたハナアザミウマ数は、バーベナ区では５日後が１５頭、１０日後は３０頭以上であった。スベリヒユ区では、各々１４頭と３０頭以上、ローマンカモミール区では各々１５頭と３０頭以上、トウモロコシ雌蕊と花粉では各々１７頭と０頭であった。また、餌植物を入れなかった区（餌なし区）では２日後にすべての死亡が認められた。図２の装置でもほぼ同様の結果が得られた。 The number of Hana thrips confirmed to inhabit in the apparatus of FIG. 1 was 15 in 5 days in Verbena and 30 or more in 10 days. In the subuhiyu area, 14 and 30 or more respectively, in the Roman chamomile area, 15 and 30 respectively, and in the corn pistil and pollen, 17 and 0 respectively. In addition, all deaths were observed after 2 days in the group where no feed plant was added (no feed group). Similar results were obtained with the apparatus of FIG.
（試験例３）
図１に示す装置１(カップ麺容器大)の中に、餌植物であるバーベナの葉茎及び花と、餌昆虫であるハナアザミウマとして、ヒラズハナアザミウマ、ミナミキイロアザミウマ、キイロハナアザミウマ、ネギアザミウマ及びハナアザミウマを各々２０頭入れて、２５℃の部屋に１０日間静置し、５日後及び１０日後の各ハナアザミウマの生存頭数を調べた。なお、対照として餌植物を入れなかった区（餌なし区）も設置した。結果を表３に示す。
In the apparatus 1 (large cup noodle container) shown in FIG. 1, the leaf stems and flowers of the feeding plant and the thrips of the feeding insects are: the thrips of thrips, thrips of thrips, thrips of thrips, thrips of thrips, thrips of thrips Twenty thrips were added and left in a room at 25 ° C. for 10 days, and the number of live thrips was examined after 5 and 10 days. In addition, as a control, a section where no feed plant was added (no feed section) was also set up. The results are shown in Table 3.
いずれのハナアザミウマも１０日後に、８割以上の数の生息が認められた。この結果から、バーべナを餌植物として利用して、餌昆虫である各種のアザミウマ類を飼育できることが示された。 All the thrips were found to have more than 80% inhabitants after 10 days. From this result, it was shown that various kinds of thrips that are prey insects can be raised using verbena as a prey plant.
（試験例４）
図１(カップ麺容器大)及び図２(封筒大)に示す運搬装置において、保護緩衝材として、ウレタンマット、綿製不織布、再生紙、ポリプロピレン不織布、及びティシュペーパーを容器の内壁に貼り付けたものを各々準備した。各装置内に、餌植物として小麦の茎葉を、餌昆虫としてムギクビレアブラムシ２０頭を入れ、２５℃の部屋内に１０日間静置し、５日後及び１０日後のムギクビレアブラムシの生存頭数を調べた。結果を表４に示す。
なお、対照として保護緩衝材を入れなかった区（無処理区）も設置した。
In the transport device shown in FIG. 1 (cup noodle container size) and FIG. 2 (envelope size), urethane mat, cotton nonwoven fabric, recycled paper, polypropylene nonwoven fabric, and tissue paper were affixed to the inner wall of the container as protective cushioning materials. Each one was prepared. In each apparatus, wheat stems and leaves as bait plants and 20 barley beetles as bait insects are placed in a room at 25 ° C. for 10 days, and the number of surviving bark beetles after 5 and 10 days is examined. It was. The results are shown in Table 4.
As a control, a section where no protective buffer material was added (untreated section) was also installed.
表４の結果から、ポリプロピレン不織布のみで生息数がほとんど減少しなかったことがわかる。他の保護緩衝材は、いずれもムギクビレアブラムシの死亡率が高かった。この要因としては、ポリプロピレン不織布は、虫の足が引っ掛かりにくいこと、及び容器内の湿度を保持する機能が高いことが挙げられる。 From the results in Table 4, it can be seen that the number of inhabitants was hardly decreased only with the polypropylene nonwoven fabric. All other protective cushions had a high mortality rate for wheat beetle. As this factor, it is mentioned that the polypropylene non-woven fabric is difficult to catch insect feet and has a high function of maintaining humidity in the container.
（試験例５）
図１(カップ麺容器大)の装置を用いて、餌昆虫であるムギクビレアブラムシと餌植物である麦の茎葉を、３日間運搬、輸送した後、装置内から取り出し、予めイチゴ栽培圃場内の５カ所に栽培しておいた餌植物である小麦上に静かに置いた。さらに１７日後に、天敵昆虫であるコレマンアブラバチ５００頭を当該小麦上に放し、３０日後に、害虫によるイチゴの寄生株率を調べ、害虫であるアブラムシ類（ワタアブラムシ）に対する防除効果を調べた。
同様にして、餌昆虫であるハナアザミウマと餌植物であるローマンカモミールの花房を３日間運搬、輸送した後、予めイチゴ栽培圃場内に１０カ所に栽培しておいた餌植物であるバーベナ株の花の上に静かに置いた。さらに１２日後に、天敵昆虫であるタイリクヒメハナカメムシ、デジェネランスカブリダニ、及びアリガタシマアザミウマを各々２０００頭、１００００頭及び２０００頭放し、３０日後に、害虫によるイチゴの花の寄生花率を調べ、害虫であるアザミウマ類（ヒラズハナアザミウマ）に対する防除効果を調べた。
結果を表５に示す。表５中、「タイリク」はタイリクヒメハナカメムシを、「カブリダニ」はデジェネランスカブリダニを、「アリガタ」はアリガタシマアザミウマを表す。
なお、対照として化学農薬で防除した区（化学農薬散布区）及び無処理区を設けた。
Using the device shown in Fig. 1 (cup noodle container size), the bait insects, barley beetles and barley foliage, which are feeding insects, are transported and transported for 3 days, taken out from the device, and previously stored in the strawberry cultivation field. It was gently placed on wheat, a prey plant that had been cultivated in five locations. Furthermore, after 17 days, 500 of the natural enemy insect Koleman abachi was released on the wheat, and after 30 days, the parasitic strain rate of the strawberry by the pest was examined, and the control effect on the aphid (cotton aphid) which was the pest was examined. .
Similarly, the flower of Verbena strain, which is a prey cultivated in 10 places in a strawberry cultivation field, after carrying and transporting the flower chamomile inflorescences for 3 days after feeding and transporting the prey insect Hana thrips and the prey plant Roman chamomile inflorescences. Gently placed on top. After 12 days, 2000 10000 and 2000 Thrips spider mites, degeneration lancelet mites, and Arigatashima thrips, which are natural enemy insects, were released, and after 30 days, the parasitic flower rate of strawberry flowers by pests was examined. Then, the control effect on thrips (Hirazana thrips), which are pests, was examined.
The results are shown in Table 5. In Table 5, “Tairiku” represents a tiger beetle, “Kaburidani” represents a degeneration lance mite, and “Arigata” represents a Thrips thrips.
In addition, as a control, a zone (chemical agrochemical spraying zone) controlled with a chemical pesticide and an untreated zone were provided.
３０日後の、イチゴ栽培圃場における害虫であるワタアブラムシの寄生株率は、天敵昆虫を放した区（餌昆虫と天敵区）では０％であった。化学農薬を散布した区でも寄生株の発生はなかったが、無処理区では３０％以上の株に発生が認められた。
害虫アザミウマ類の３０日後の寄生花率は、タイリクヒメハナカメムシ区で１０％、デジェネランスカブリダニ区で１５％、及びアリガタシマアザミウマ区で４％であった。一方、化学農薬散布区では２７％、無防除区では８５％の害虫寄生花率を示した。
すなわち、本発明の運搬方法及び運搬装置により、予め餌植物を栽培し餌昆虫を増やした区では、害虫の高い防除効果が認められたものである。この結果は、本発明の方法及び装置の有効性を示すものである。
After 30 days, the parasitic strain ratio of cotton aphids, which are pests in the strawberry cultivation field, was 0% in the areas where the natural enemy insects were released (prey insects and natural enemy areas). There were no parasitic strains in the area where chemical pesticides were sprayed, but in the untreated area 30% or more of the strains were observed.
The parasitic flower rate after 30 days of the pest thrips was 10% in the moss, 15% in the degeneration lancelet mite, and 4% in the Arigata thrips. On the other hand, the pest parasitic flower rate was 27% in the chemical pesticide spraying area and 85% in the uncontrollable area.
That is, a high pest control effect was recognized in the section where the feeding plant was cultivated in advance and the number of feeding insects was increased by the transporting method and transporting apparatus of the present invention. This result demonstrates the effectiveness of the method and apparatus of the present invention.
（試験例６）
図１(カップ麺容器大)の装置を用いて、餌昆虫であるムギヒゲナガアブラムシと餌植物である麦の茎葉を３日間運搬、輸送した後、装置内から取り出して、予めピーマン栽培圃場内の５カ所に栽培しておいた餌植物である小麦上に静かに置いた。さらに１７日後に天敵昆虫であるエルビーアブラバチ１００頭を当該小麦の上に放し、３０日後に、害虫によるピーマンの寄生株率を調べ、害虫であるチューリップヒゲナガアブラムシに対する防除効果を調べた。
同様にして、餌昆虫であるハナアザミウマと餌植物であるトウモロコシ雌蕊と花粉を入れた容器を３日間運搬し、輸送した後、予めピーマン栽培圃場内に１０カ所に栽培しておいた餌植物であるバーベナ株の花の上に静かに置いた。さらに１２日後にタイリクヒメハナカメムシ、デジェネランスカブリダニ、及びアリガタシマアザミウマを各々２０００頭、１００００頭及び２０００頭放し、３０日後の寄生花率を調べ、害虫であるアザミウマ類（ヒラズハナアザミウマ）に対する防除効果を調べた。
結果を表６に示す。表６中、「タイリク」はタイリクヒメハナカメムシを、「カブリダニ」はデジェネランスカブリダニを、「アリガタ」はアリガタシマアザミウマを表す。なお、対照として化学農薬で防除した区（化学農薬散布区）及び無処理区を設けた。
Using the apparatus shown in Fig. 1 (large cup noodle container), the wheat aphid, which is a feeding insect, and the foliage of wheat, which is a feeding plant, are transported and transported for 3 days, then taken out from the apparatus and previously stored in the pepper cultivation field. It was gently placed on wheat, a prey plant that had been cultivated in five locations. Furthermore, after 17 days, 100 natural enemy insects, Elbya wasabi were released on the wheat, and 30 days later, the parasitic strain ratio of green peppers by pests was examined, and the control effect against the pests, the tulip beetle aphid, was examined.
In the same way, a container containing Hana thrips as a prey insect, a corn pistil as a prey plant and pollen was transported for 3 days and transported, and then a prey cultivated at 10 places in a pepper cultivation field. It was placed quietly on a flower of a verbena strain. Furthermore, after 12 days, 2000 10000 and 2000 Aritamashima thrips were released, respectively, and the parasitic flower rate was examined after 30 days, and the control effect against the thrips (Popular thrips), which are pests, was examined. I investigated.
The results are shown in Table 6. In Table 6, “Tairiku” represents a tiger beetle, “Karidani” represents a degeneration burdock mite, and “Arigata” represents Arigata thrips. In addition, as a control, a zone (chemical agrochemical spraying zone) controlled with a chemical pesticide and an untreated zone were provided.
３０日後の、ピーマン栽培圃場における害虫であるチューリップヒゲナガアブラムシの寄生株率は、天敵を放した区（餌昆虫と天敵区）では０％であった。化学農薬を散布した区でも寄生株の発生はなかったが、無処理区では３０％以上の株に害虫の発生が認められた。
害虫アザミウマ類の３０日後の寄生花率は、天敵を放した区（餌昆虫と天敵区）では、タイリクヒメハナカメムシ区で２％、デジェネランスカブリダニ区で０％、アリガタシマアザミウマ区で８％であった。一方、化学農薬散布区では８０％、無処理区では９０％以上の寄生花率を示した。
すなわち、本発明の運搬方法及び運搬装置により、予め餌植物を栽培し餌昆虫を増やした区では、害虫の高い防除効果が認められたものである。この結果は、本発明の方法及び装置の有効性を示すものである。
After 30 days, the parasitic strain ratio of the tulip beetle aphid, which is a pest in the pepper cultivation field, was 0% in the area where the natural enemies were released (prey insects and natural enemy areas). Parasitic strains did not occur in the areas sprayed with chemical pesticides, but pests were observed in more than 30% of the untreated areas.
The parasite flower rate after 30 days for the pest thrips was 2% in the Tairikuhime-hanamemushi-ku in the area where the natural enemies were released (prey insects and natural enemies), 8% in the degenerant Kaburdani area, and 8 in the Arigatashima thrips %Met. On the other hand, the ratio of parasitic flowers was 80% in the chemical pesticide spraying group and 90% or more in the untreated group.
That is, a high pest control effect was recognized in the section where the feeding plant was cultivated in advance and the number of feeding insects was increased by the transporting method and transporting apparatus of the present invention. This result demonstrates the effectiveness of the method and apparatus of the present invention.
（試験例７）
図２(封筒大)に示す装置に、餌昆虫であるムギクビレアブラムシ２００頭と餌植物である麦の茎葉１００本を入れ、宅配便にて東京都内から大阪市内に搬送した（搬送区）。搬送には２日間を要した。２日後の装置内部の状況と虫の生存数を調べた。
対照として、振動を極力少なくして輸送し運搬した同様の装置（持参区）、及び無処理区についても、装置内部の状況と虫の生存数を調べた。各装置の大きさは封筒大であり、各々の区の装置内には保護緩衝材を貼り付けた。
また、同様の試験を、餌昆虫としてハナアザミウマ、餌植物としてローマンカモミールの花房を使用して行った。但し、この場合、花房は紐で固定した。
結果を表７に示す。
In the device shown in Fig. 2 (envelope size), 200 barley beetles, which are prey insects, and 100 barley foliage, which are prey plants, were placed and transported from Tokyo to Osaka city by courier (transport zone) . It took 2 days for transportation. Two days later, the situation inside the apparatus and the number of live insects were examined.
As a control, the situation inside the device and the number of live insects were also examined for the same device (bringing zone) that was transported and transported with minimal vibration. The size of each device is an envelope size, and a protective cushioning material is pasted in the device of each section.
A similar test was also performed using a flower thrips as a bait insect and a flower chamomile inflorescence as a bait plant. However, in this case, the flower bunches were fixed with strings.
The results are shown in Table 7.
宅配便で搬送した装置内の麦の茎葉には変化がなく、内部にいれたムギクビレアブラムシも１０頭程度が死亡したのみであった（搬送区）。丁寧に取り扱った装置でもほぼ同様であった（持参区）。また、無処理区におけるムギクビレアブラムシはすべてが死亡していた。
ハナアザミウマ類を使用した場合は、搬送区及び持参区において、餌昆虫は花房内に密集して生存しており、死亡したアザミウマ類はいなかった。一方、無処理区では、すべてのアザミウマ類が死亡していた。
これらの結果から、本発明の餌昆虫の運搬方法及び運搬装置は、郵送などによる運搬にも耐えられる実用性の高い方法及び装置であることが示された。
There was no change in the stems and leaves of the wheat in the device transported by courier, and only about 10 wheat beetles were killed (transport zone). The same was true for the equipment that was handled carefully (bringing ward). In addition, all the barley beetles in the untreated area were dead.
When Hana thrips were used, the prey insects lived in the inflorescence densely in the transport zone and the bringing zone, and none of the thrips died. On the other hand, all thrips died in the untreated area.
From these results, it was shown that the feeding insect transporting method and transporting device of the present invention are highly practical methods and devices that can withstand transporting by mail or the like.
１１ 容器
１２ 容器蓋
１３ 保護緩衝材
１４ 餌植物の茎葉や花
１５ 餌昆虫
１６ 成型された骨格
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Container 12 Container lid 13 Protective buffer material 14 Forage and flower of forage plant 15 Forage insect 16 Molded skeleton
Claims (11)
The prey insect transported by the method for transporting prey insects of the natural enemy insect according to claim 1 is a thrips, and the natural enemy insects of the tiger spider, the degenerant cabbage mite, and the Arigatashima thrips, Release to the petals of the flowers grown in the crop cultivation field, infest the increased prey insects, increase the amount of natural enemy insects in the field, and enter the field by the increased natural enemy insects The method for using a prey insect of a natural enemy insect according to claim 9, wherein an increase in thrips that are pests is suppressed.
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| JP2005046635A JP2006230229A (en) | 2005-02-23 | 2005-02-23 | Method for transporting bait insect and bait plant for natural enemy insect and apparatus therefor |
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| KR100720977B1 (en) | 2006-09-29 | 2007-05-23 | 주식회사 세실 | Packing structure for release of natural enemies and method of controlling agricultural insect pest |
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