JP2005266809A - 画像形成部材 - Google Patents
画像形成部材 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2005266809A JP2005266809A JP2005070558A JP2005070558A JP2005266809A JP 2005266809 A JP2005266809 A JP 2005266809A JP 2005070558 A JP2005070558 A JP 2005070558A JP 2005070558 A JP2005070558 A JP 2005070558A JP 2005266809 A JP2005266809 A JP 2005266809A
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- Prior art keywords
- layer
- metal
- charge
- selenium
- imaging member
- Prior art date
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- Granted
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- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/14—Inert intermediate or cover layers for charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/142—Inert intermediate layers
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】画像形成部材は、導電層を含む導電性支持体と、バインダ中に分散させた金属アルキルオキシド、アミノシロキサン、および変色材料を含む第1層(下塗り層)と(ここで、前記変色材料は、ルイス塩基の存在で可逆的に変色し、その変色が露光によって可逆的である材料である)と、電荷発生層と、電荷輸送層を含む。
【選択図】なし
Description
Si(OR1')4 式1
R1Si(OR2')3 式2
R1R2Si(OR3')2 式3
ここで、式R1およびR2はそれぞれ、1〜10個の炭素原子を有するアルキル基、フェニル基、アリール基、ビニル基、アミノ基、γ−グリシドキシプロピル基、γ−メタクリルオキシプロピル基、またはCnF2n+1C2H4−基を表し、R1'、R2'およびR3'基はそれぞれアルキル基を表し、そしてR1'、R2'およびR3'で表される基は、互いに同一であっても異なっていてもよい。
4.0グラムのチタンイソプロポキシド(98+%、フィッシャー・サイエンティフィック(Fisher Scientific)製)を、4.0グラムの3−アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン(97%、フィッシャー・サイエンティフィック(Fisher Scientific)製)の入った褐色ビンに直接添加し、穏やかにかき混ぜた。直ちに発熱反応が起きて、透明な溶液が得られた。この反応は化学量論的に進行し、チタン酸アンモニウム錯体が生成した。その溶液を放置して、室温(すなわち、約24℃)にまで冷却させた。冷却した溶液を、1.5グラムのポリビニルブチラール(セキスイ・スペシャルティ・ケミカルズ・カンパニー(Sekisui Specialty Chemicals Company)製)と、0.1グラムのフェノールフタレイン(アルドリッチ・ケミカル(Aldrich Chemical)製)を20グラムの1−プロパノール溶媒中に溶解させたポリマー溶液に加えた。その混合物をロールミル(オハイオ州アクロン(Akron, Ohio)のU.S.ストーンウェア(U. S. Stoneware)製)上で15時間かけてゆっくりと撹拌すると、透明な溶液が得られたので、その溶液は下塗り層としてコーティングすることが可能になったと判断した。この溶液は外観上極めて安定で、その溶液を約1ヶ月室温で保存した後でも、目に見えるような顕著な粘度の変化は無かった。
実施例1で調製した下塗り層溶液を、直径30ミリメートルのアルミニウムドラム基材の上に、厚みが約8.8ミクロンとなるようにコーティングしたが、それにはツキアゲ−ディップコーティング法を用い、引き上げ速度を350ミリメートル/分とした。コーティングした下塗り層を、強制空気循環炉に入れ、約135℃、約45分間かけて乾燥させた。乾燥させた後、その下塗り層の上に電荷発生層と電荷輸送層とを、順にディップコーティングした。その電荷発生層溶液は、95質量パーセントの酢酸n−ブチルに溶解させた、2.5質量パーセントのヒドロキシ−ガリウムフタロシアニン(ゼロックス・コーポレーション(Xerox Corporation)製)と2.5質量パーセントのポリ塩化ビニルコポリマー(分子量、Mw=40,000、ダウ・ケミカルズ(Dow Chemicals)のVMCH)とが含まれていて、それを厚み約0.3ミクロンになるようにコーティングした。その電荷輸送層溶液は、80質量パーセントのテトラヒドロフランに溶解させた8.0質量パーセントのN,N’−ジフェニル−N,N’−ビス(3−メチルフェニル)−1,1’−ビフェニル−4,4’−ジアミンと、12.0質量パーセントのポリ(4,4’−ジフェニル−1,1’−シクロヘキサンカーボネート(三菱化学(Mitsubishi Chemicals)製)が含まれていて、それを厚み約25ミクロンになるようにコーティングした。
酸化チタン/フェノール樹脂分散体を含む比較例(対照)を、7.5グラムの1−ブタノールと7.5グラムのキシレンの中の15グラムの二酸化チタン(STR60N(商標)、堺化学(Sakai Company)製)および20グラムのフェノール樹脂バルカム(VARCUM、商標)29159(オキシケム・カンパニー(OxyChem Company)製、Mw約3,600、粘度約200cps)に、直径1ミリメートルのサイズのZrO2ビーズ120グラムを加えて、ボールミルで5日間磨砕して調製した。それとは別に、SiO2とフェノール樹脂とのスラリーを、10グラムのSiO2(P100、エスプリ(Esprit)製)と、3グラムの上述のフェノール樹脂を、19.5グラムの1−ブタノールと19.5グラムのキシレンの中に加えることにより調製した。得られた二酸化チタン分散体を、孔径20マイクロメートルのナイロンクロスを用いて濾過し、その濾液について、ホリバ・キャパ(Horiba Capa)700パーティクル・サイズ・アナライザー(Particle Size Analyzer)を使用して測定すると、上記TiO2/バルカム(VARCUM)分散体に関しては、TiO2の中央粒径が直径50ナノメートルで、TiO2粒子の表面積が30m2/グラムの値が得られた。5グラムの1−ブタノールと5グラムのキシレンを含む追加の溶液、2.6グラムのビスフェノールS(4,4’−スルホニルジフェノール)、および5.4グラムの上記のSiO2/バルカム(VARCUM)スラリーを、上で得られた二酸化チタン/バルカム(VARCUM)分散体50グラムに添加して、コーティング分散体と呼ぶこととした。洗剤を用いてアルミニウムドラムを洗浄し、脱イオン水で水洗いし、コーティング分散体を用いて、引き上げ速度160ミリメートル/分でディップコートし、それに続けて160℃、15分の乾燥をさせると、厚みが3.5ミクロンの下塗り層が得られた。電荷発生層と電荷輸送層は、先の実施例2に記載したのと同じ方法により調製した。
本発明の下塗り層を用いて調製した感光体素子(実施例1)と「対照」の電気的性質を、標準ドラム感光体試験方法に従って試験した。実施例2と比較例3により調製した感光体サンプルの電気的性質を、電子写真(xerographic)試験用スキャナーを用いて評価した。このドラムは、一定速度15.7cm/秒で回転させた。搭載した感光体サンプルの円周に沿って、直流ワイヤスコロトロン、狭帯域波長露光用光源、消去用光源、および4つの電位計プローブを設けた。試料の荷電時間は177ミリ秒であった。露光用光源の出力波長は680ナノメートル(nm)であり、消去用光源の出力波長は550nmであった。
Claims (7)
- 画像形成部材であって、
その上に導電層を含む導電性支持体と
その上の、バインダ中に分散させた金属アルキルオキシド、アミノシロキサン、および変色材料を含む第1層と(ここで、前記変色材料は、ルイス塩基の存在で可逆的に変色し、その変色が露光によって可逆的である材料である)と、
電荷発生層と、
電荷輸送層を含む画像形成部材。 - 前記金属アルキルオキシドが、金属メトキシド、金属エトキシド、金属プロポキシド、金属イソプロポキシド、金属ブトキシド、チタンプロポキシド、チタンイソプロポキシド、チタンメトキシド、チタンブトキシド、チタンエトキシド、ジルコニウムイソプロポキシド、ジルコニウムプロポキシド、ジルコニウムブトキシド、ジルコニウムエトキシド、ジルコニウムメトキシドまたはそれらの組合せからなる群より選択される請求項1に記載の画像形成部材。
- 前記シロキサンが、アミノアルキルアルコキシシラン、3−アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3−アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン、3−アミノプロピルジイソプロピルエトキシシラン、アミノフェニルトリメトキシシラン、3−アミノプロピルメチルジエトキシシラン、3−アミノプロピルペンタメチルジシロキサンまたはそれらの組合せからなる群より選択される請求項1に記載の画像形成部材。
- 前記変色材料が、フェノールフタレイン、フェノールスルホンフタレイン、チモールフタレイン、またはそれらの組合せからなる群より選択される請求項1に記載の画像形成部材。
- 前記第1層が、約0.1ミクロン〜約20ミクロンの厚みで配置されている請求項1に記載の画像形成部材。
- 前記電荷発生層が、無機光導電材料である、非晶質セレン、三方晶系セレン、セレン合金、セレン−テルル、セレン−テルル−ヒ素、ヒ化セレン、有機光導電材料である、フタロシアニン顔料、金属非含有フタロシアニンのX型、金属フタロシアニン、バナジルフタロシアニン、銅フタロシアニン、キナクリドン、ジブロモアンタントロン顔料、ベンズイミダゾールペリレン、置換2,4−ジアミノ−トリアジン、多核芳香族キノン、べンズイミダゾールペリレン、またはそれらの組合せからなる群より選択される材料を含む、請求項1に記載の画像形成部材。
- 前記電荷輸送層が、電荷輸送芳香族アミン化合物であるトリフェニルメタン、ビス(4−ジエチルアミン−2−メチルフェニル)フェニルメタン、4’−4”−ビス(ジエチルアミノ)−2’,2”−ジメチルトリフェニルメタン、N,N’−ビス(アルキルフェニル)−[1,1’−ビフェニル]−4,4’−ジアミン、N,N’−ジフェニル−N,N’−ビス(クロロフェニル)−[1,1’−ビフェニル]−4,4’−ジアミン、N,N’−ジフェニル−N,N’−ビス(3”−メチルフェニル)−(1,1’−ビフェニル)−4,4’−ジアミン、またはそれらの組合せからなる群より選択される材料を含む請求項1に記載の画像形成部材。
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2004
- 2004-03-15 US US10/800,943 patent/US7125634B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-03-11 DE DE602005000420T patent/DE602005000420T2/de active Active
- 2005-03-11 EP EP05101912A patent/EP1580608B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-03-14 JP JP2005070558A patent/JP4786916B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH01170950A (ja) * | 1987-12-25 | 1989-07-06 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 電子写真感光体 |
JPH0373962A (ja) * | 1989-08-16 | 1991-03-28 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | 電子写真感光体 |
JPH06102691A (ja) * | 1992-01-31 | 1994-04-15 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | 電子写真感光体 |
JPH05273777A (ja) * | 1992-03-26 | 1993-10-22 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | 電子写真感光体 |
JPH0619169A (ja) * | 1992-07-02 | 1994-01-28 | Mita Ind Co Ltd | 感光体およびそれを用いる画像形成方法 |
JPH0934152A (ja) * | 1995-07-20 | 1997-02-07 | Konica Corp | 電子写真感光体及び画像形成プロセス |
JPH1031321A (ja) * | 1996-07-15 | 1998-02-03 | Canon Inc | 画像形成装置 |
JP2005092216A (ja) * | 2003-09-17 | 2005-04-07 | Xerox Corp | 光導電性画像形成部材 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE602005000420D1 (de) | 2007-02-22 |
EP1580608B1 (en) | 2007-01-10 |
US7125634B2 (en) | 2006-10-24 |
DE602005000420T2 (de) | 2007-05-16 |
US20050202330A1 (en) | 2005-09-15 |
EP1580608A1 (en) | 2005-09-28 |
JP4786916B2 (ja) | 2011-10-05 |
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