JP2005103386A - Drying and fermentation method for organic substance-containing waste and apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To utilize a waste containing an organic substance as an organic fertilizer by fermenting it and to facilitate post-treatment by making a volume small by drying. <P>SOLUTION: A fermentation apparatus has a fermentation tank 1 having a bottom part 2 downwardly projected and formed to a semi-circular cross sectional shape with a material throwing port 5 opened in the top. In the fermentation apparatus, a stirring impeller 15 is pivotally mounted inside. The fermentation apparatus is provided with a heating chamber 9 divided/formed along the lower surface of the bottom part of the fermentation tank 1, a ventilation hole 13 provided on the bottom part 2 of the fermentation tank to make the inside of the fermentation tank communicate with the inside of the heating chamber, a sheet-like bottom heater 14 stuck on the lower surface of the bottom part 2 at a position avoiding the ventilation hole, and a blower 11 connected to the heating chamber 9 and press-feeding air into the heating chamber. Water content of materials to be treated is adjusted by heating of the bottom part of the fermentation tank by the bottom heater 14, and on the other hand, the air press-fed from the blower is heated by the bottom heater and is blown into the fermentation tank through the ventilation hole. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention is a method and an apparatus for drying / fermenting organic matter-containing waste, which ferments waste containing organic matter such as shellfish sludge using fermentative bacteria, and is used as an agrochemical-free fertilizer and dried. About.

  Conventionally, shellfish sludge adhering to the intake of seawater taken as cooling water for power plants is removed and recovered, and the organic matter contained in it is fermented with fermenting fungi as raw material and used as organic chemical fertilizer, etc. Various techniques have been developed and put into practical use (see known documents 1 and 2).

  As shown in the schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 5, this type of fermenter is conventionally equipped with a stirring blade c in a fermenter b having a bottom part a formed with a lower end protruding in a semicircular cross section. A hot air supply chamber d is attached to the bottom surface of the bottom portion a of the fermenter b along the curved surface, and the interior of the fermenter b and the hot air supply chamber d are connected through a number of vent holes e formed in the bottom portion a. It is communicated.

  A pipe h for sending hot air heated from the blower f through the heating device g is connected to the hot air supply chamber d.

  Heaters j and j are attached to the outer side surfaces of the side wall portions i and i rising vertically on both sides of the bottom portion a of the fermenter b. Moreover, the upper part of the fermenter b is opened and used as the raw material inlet k, and is opened and closed by a lid m.

  In order to use the fermenter b, as shown in a block diagram of the operation mode in FIG. 6, a predetermined amount of raw material n is introduced from a raw material input port k of the fermenter b by a shovel car or the like, and the moisture content from above. When the adjustment material o (for example, sawdust) is added and the water content of the raw material n becomes about 85% to 65%, the fermenting bacteria p is added.

  Next, the lid m of the raw material charging port k is closed, the heaters j, j of the side wall portions i, i are energized to heat the temperature in the fermentation tank b to about 60 ° C., and the stirring blade c is rotationally driven to perform stirring. .

  On the other hand, the blower f is driven to send air, and hot air heated to about 60 ° C. by the intermediate heating device g is sent into the hot air supply chamber d.

  The hot air sent into the hot air supply chamber d is blown into the fermentation tank b from the vent hole e in the bottom part a to promote fermentation of the raw material.

Thereby, fermentation of the organic substance contained in the raw material proceeds, and it can be used as a pesticide-free organic fertilizer, and the fermented raw material is taken out from a discharge port (not shown) of the fermenter b.
JP-A-11-216449 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-216450

  However, in the above-mentioned conventional apparatus, in order to adjust the moisture contained in the raw material n to a moisture content suitable for fermentation in the previous stage of the fermentation treatment, a step of introducing a moisture content adjusting material o such as sawdust is essential. Since only fermentation is performed after the material o is added, it can be produced as an organic fertilizer, but it can be dried with a material other than the fertilizer and reduced in volume, and used for landfill etc. It could not be obtained as a possible dry product, and therefore both could not be obtained selectively.

  Moreover, even if it is going to dry the raw material n with the conventional fermentation apparatus, and to make small capacity | capacitance and to use for the other objective, the heater j and j attached to the outer surface of the side wall part of the fermenter b will change the raw material n in the fermenter b. Since it was not possible to heat directly, the raw material could not be obtained as a dry product.

  The present invention ferments organic substances contained in raw materials and reuses them as pesticide-free organic fertilizers, etc., and those that should be disposed of after drying are reduced in volume for convenient transportation by drying and used for landfills, etc. It is an issue to be able to selectively do both.

  As means for solving the above problems, the invention described in claim 1 is included in the raw material by charging the raw material containing organic matter such as shellfish sludge into the fermenter and heating it with a bottom heater attached to the bottom of the fermenter. Adjusting the amount of water, adjusting the amount of water, lowering the heating temperature to the fermentation temperature, adding a fermentation bacterium or fermenting enzyme to ferment the raw material, and continuing the heating to dry the raw material, dried matter The drying process for producing organic matter is a method for drying / fermenting organic matter-containing waste that is selectively performed by the common bottom heater.

  It is preferable that the heating temperature at the time of adjusting the water content and the drying step is 130 ° ± 10 ° C., and the heating temperature at the fermentation step is 60 ° ± 5 ° C.

  The invention described in claim 3 is a drying / fermenting apparatus suitable for carrying out the above method, comprising a fermenter having a bottom part protruding downward in a semicircular cross section and having a raw material inlet at the top, In a fermenting apparatus in which a stirring blade is rotatably mounted inside, a heating chamber defined along the bottom bottom surface of the fermenter, and a fermenter and a heating chamber drilled in the bottom of the fermenter A sheet-shaped bottom heater attached to the lower surface of the bottom portion at a position avoiding the ventilation hole, and a blower connected to the heating chamber and pumping air into the heating chamber, The water content of the raw material is adjusted by heating the bottom of the fermenter by the bottom heater, while the air fed from the blower is heated by the bottom heater and blown into the fermenter through the vents.

  The bottom heater is preferably a sheet-like sticking type heater based on aluminum foil.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the raw material charging port of the fermenter can be opened and closed with a lid having a folding structure that folds upward.

  Furthermore, the rotation speed of the stirring blade in the fermentation mode is 2 ± 0.5 rpm, the temperature in the fermenter is 60 ° ± 5 ° C., and the rotation speed of the stirring blade in the drying mode is 10 ± 2 rpm. The internal temperature is 130 ° C. ± 10 ° C.

  As described above, according to the present invention, when a waste (raw material) containing shellfish sludge or other organic matter is fermented with a fermenting bacterium or a fermenting enzyme and used as an organic fertilizer, the fermenting bacterium or Prior to fermentation with fermenting enzymes, moisture content is adjusted by controlling the temperature of the bottom heater attached to the bottom bottom of the fermenter without using moisture content adjusting materials such as sawdust. Therefore, the fermentation process can be performed with high efficiency without the need for trouble during the fermentation process and the need to procure a moisture content adjusting material.

  In addition, since the raw material can be dried only by extending the treatment at the time of adjusting the moisture content, it can be obtained as a dried product by performing only the drying without fermenting the raw material. Therefore, the range of use of the apparatus can be expanded.

  Further, the air fed into the fermenter during fermentation is fed by a bottom heater attached to the bottom when the air is fed from the bottom of the fermenter via the heating chamber and sent as a predetermined temperature. Therefore, it is not necessary to use a combination of a blower and a heating device as in the prior art, and this can greatly simplify the device.

  The present invention will be described below with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows an outline of an apparatus used for carrying out the method for drying and fermenting organic matter-containing waste according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a perspective view in which a portion of the fermenter 1 in FIG. 1 is broken.

  The fermenter 1 is composed of a bottom portion 2 projecting downward in a semicircular cross section by a steel plate or the like, side wall portions 3 and 3 rising vertically on both sides of the bottom portion 2, and end wall portions 4 and 4 closing both ends. It is formed in a horizontal shape, and the upper part of the fermenter 1 is opened to serve as a raw material inlet 5.

  The raw material charging port 5 can be opened and closed by a lid 7 composed of a plurality of lid pieces folded upward and downward by hinges 6, 6, and 6. Can be put in.

  On the lower surface of the bottom 2 of the fermenter 1, a heating chamber 9 is formed by a partition plate 8 along the curved shape of the bottom 2, and the heating chamber 9 includes a blower 11 mounted on a base 10. An air supply pipe 12 that pumps air is connected.

  A plurality of vent holes 13, 13,... Are formed in a range of the bottom 2 of the fermenter 1 facing the heating chamber 9, and air fed from the blower 11 into the heating chamber 9 is supplied to the fermenter 1. It comes to blow in.

  A large-capacity bottom heater 14, 14,... Is attached to the lower surface of the bottom 2 at a position avoiding the vent holes 13, 13,. The bottom heater 14 is in the form of a sheet based on aluminum foil, and is provided so that the base is attached to the bottom 2.

  A shaft 16 of a stirring blade 15 is inserted into the fermenter 1 in the longitudinal direction, and both end portions of the shaft 16 penetrate the end wall portions 4 and 4 of the fermenter 1 in an airtight manner on the base 10. It is rotatably supported by installed bearings 17 and 17.

  One end of the shaft 16 is connected to a motor 18 mounted on the base 10. The motor 18 is controlled to rotate clockwise, counterclockwise, and stopped by an inverter, and is operated according to a program corresponding to the stirring conditions.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the stirring blade 15 is configured such that the bent belt-shaped outer wing body 19 and the inner wing body 20 form a spiral in opposite directions, and the support member 21, 21, 21 is attached to the shaft 16. The blades 19 and 20 are used to feed the raw materials in opposite directions to each other. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 22 denotes an exhaust pipe.

  A discharge port 23 is opened in a part of the bottom 2 of the fermenter 1, and this discharge port 23 can be opened and closed by a damper 25 driven by a cylinder 24, and fermented or dried raw material can be taken out. .

  A conveyor 26 for conveying the fermented product or dried product discharged from the discharge port 23 to a predetermined place is disposed immediately below the discharge port 23.

  Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described.

  Raw materials containing shellfish sludge and other organic substances are introduced into the fermenter 1 from the raw material inlet 5 of the fermenter 1 by a shovel car or the like, and the lid 7 is closed after the introduction.

  As shown in a block diagram in FIG. 4, in the drying mode A and the fermentation mode B, the inside of the fermenter 1 is heated to around 130 ° C. by the bottom heater 14 attached to the bottom 2 of the fermenter 1 and the stirring blade 15 is rotated. The raw material is stirred to adjust the moisture content of the raw material without introducing the moisture content adjusting material.

  When shifting to the fermentation mode B, when the moisture in the raw material reaches a predetermined value, the heating temperature by the bottom heater 14 is lowered, the fermenting bacteria 27 is introduced, and the rotation speed of the stirring blade 15 is lowered to 2 rpm to perform stirring. On the other hand, the blower 11 is driven to blow air.

  The air blown from the blower 11 enters the heating chamber 9 where it is heated to 60 ° C. by the bottom heater 14 and blown into the raw material in the fermenter 1 through the vent hole 13 in the bottom 2 to promote fermentation. The Instead of the fermenting bacteria 27, it is possible to input the fermenting bacteria 27 according to the type of raw material, or both the fermenting bacteria and the fermenting enzyme may be input.

  The gas generated during the fermentation is discharged through the exhaust pipe 22, deodorized, and released into the atmosphere. Further, the fermented material that has been fermented is taken out by opening the damper 25 of the discharge port 23, and conveyed to a predetermined place by the conveyor 26.

  Fermented material is used as fertilizer or compost depending on the type of raw material, and depending on the material, it is sandwiched between feeds.

  In the drying mode A, as described above, the bottom heater 14 is heated to 130 ° C., the rotation speed of the stirring blade 15 is set to 10 rpm, air is blown from the blower 11, and the heated air is heated to 130 ° C. by the heater 14 that bottoms the air. And it blows in the raw material in the fermenter 1 through the vent hole 13.

  Thus, the operation is performed for a predetermined time, and when the moisture in the raw material becomes a predetermined value or less (when it is in a dry state), the operation is stopped, the damper 25 of the discharge port 23 is opened, and the dried product 28 is taken out.

  The dry matter 28 to be taken out has a small capacity, so that the transportation efficiency can be improved also for landfill.

  The cross-sectional shape of the fermenter 1 is not limited to the illustrated form, and may be a cylindrical shape, an oval shape, a polygonal shape, or the like.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The front view which shows the outline | summary of one Embodiment of the apparatus suitable for implementing the drying and fermentation method of the organic substance containing waste by this invention. The perspective view which fractures | ruptures and shows a part of fermenter in FIG. The expansion perspective view which shows an example of the stirring blade in FIG. The block diagram which shows the driving | running aspect of this invention. Sectional drawing of the conventional fermentation apparatus. The block diagram which shows a driving | operation aspect similarly.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fermenter 2 Bottom part 3 Side wall part 5 Raw material inlet 7 Lid 9 Heating chamber 10 Base 11 Blower 13 Vent hole 14 Bottom heater 15 Stirring blade 23 Outlet 25 Damper 26 Conveyor

Claims (6)

  Feeding raw materials containing organic matter such as shellfish sludge into the fermenter and heating it with a bottom heater attached to the bottom of the fermenter to adjust the amount of water contained in the raw material. The fermentation process in which fermented bacteria or fermentation enzymes are added to ferment the raw material and the drying process in which the heating is continued to dry the raw material to produce a dried product are selectively performed by the common bottom heater. A method for drying and fermenting organic matter-containing waste, characterized in that it is carried out.   The drying temperature of the organic matter-containing waste according to claim 1, wherein the heating temperature at the time of adjusting the water content and the drying step is 130 ° ± 10 ° C, and the heating temperature at the fermentation step is 60 ° ± 5 ° C. Fermentation method.   In a fermentation apparatus having a fermenter having a bottom part projecting downward in a semicircular cross section and having a raw material charging port opened in the upper part, and having a stirring blade pivotally mounted therein, A heating chamber partitioned along the bottom surface of the bottom; a vent hole formed in the bottom of the fermenter to connect the fermenter and the heating chamber; and a bottom surface of the bottom at a position avoiding the vent An attached sheet-like bottom heater, and a blower connected to the heating chamber and pumping air into the heating chamber, and adjusting the water content of the raw material by heating the bottom of the fermenter by the bottom heater, An organic matter-containing waste drying / fermenting apparatus, wherein air fed from a blower is heated by a bottom heater and blown into the fermenter through the vent hole.   4. The organic matter-containing waste drying / fermenting apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the bottom heater is a sheet-like sticking type heater based on aluminum foil.   The organic material-containing waste drying / fermenting apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the raw material charging port of the fermenter is openable and closable with a lid having a folding structure that folds upward.   In the fermentation mode, the rotating speed of the stirring blade is 2 ± 0.5 rpm and the temperature inside the fermenter is 60 ° ± 5 ° C., and in the drying mode, the rotating speed of the stirring blade is 10 ± 2 rpm. The drying / fermenting device for organic matter-containing waste according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the internal temperature is set to an operation specification of 130 ° ± 10 ° C.

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