JP2004362124A - Toll collection system, double billing prevention method, and contactless IC card - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a toll collection system capable of preventing unnecessary communication with a charged non-contact IC card and achieving high-speed processing.
A non-contact IC card (20) acquires a current time from a card reader / writer (10) before a communication procedure for toll collection with the card reader / writer (10) is started. Then, the difference between the time when the previous charge collection is performed and the time stored in the memory of the non-contact IC card 20 is obtained. If this time difference is equal to or less than the predetermined time, the communication with the card reader / writer 10 is performed. Disable. If the time difference exceeds the predetermined time, the card reader / writer 10 notifies the card reader / writer 10 that the toll collection is possible, and the card reader / writer 10 responds to this notification to collect the toll from the contactless IC card 20. To start the communication procedure. By performing double charging detection on the non-contact IC card side, the burden on the card reader / writer side can be reduced.
[Selection diagram] FIG.

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a toll collection system used on a toll road such as a highway, for example, and more particularly to a toll collection system using a non-contact type IC card as a user medium for toll collection processing. The present invention relates to a method and a contactless IC card.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a toll collection system for a toll road such as an expressway, a wireless automatic toll collection system (ETC: Electronic Toll Collection) is employed. In the ETC system, a process for collecting tolls is performed by wireless communication between a mobile communication device called an in-vehicle device in which vehicle information and the like are recorded and a roadside antenna, which has a wireless communication function (for example, See Patent Document 1). The in-vehicle device is loaded with a contact-type IC card on which user information and the like are recorded, and is used for the above-mentioned fee collection processing.
[0003]
In the ETC system, at the entrance tollgate, information of the entrance tollgate and the like is recorded in a vehicle-mounted device (contact type IC card) by a roadside mobile communication facility. On the other hand, at the exit tollgate, the roadside mobile communication equipment reads information required for toll calculation, including information on the entrance tollgate, from the on-board unit, and calculates tolls based on these read information to collect tolls. Is performed.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent No. 3256642 (pages 6 to 8)
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Recently, a toll collection system using a non-contact type IC card as a medium for mobile communication has been studied. In a toll collection system using a non-contact type IC card, a passenger of a vehicle brings the non-contact type IC card close to an antenna section of a card reader / writer arranged on the roadside, thereby enabling the non-contact type IC card and the card reader to be read. / Non-contact communication is performed with the writer. Therefore, according to the toll collection system using the non-contact type IC card, there is an advantage that a wireless communication facility on the vehicle side such as an in-vehicle device becomes unnecessary.
[0006]
In the toll collection system using the non-contact IC card, the charge collection system may be caused by hand shake of the non-contact IC card held over the communicable area of the card reader / writer, or by accidentally holding the same card over and over. As a countermeasure against double billing, communication with a contactless IC card for which billing has been completed normally is prohibited for a certain period of time. A determination process such as disabling communication with an IC card has been performed by a card reader / writer.
[0007]
That is, the card reader / writer determines whether or not the communicating non-contact IC card has been charged, and records the history such as the previous charge collection completion time recorded on the non-contact IC card. The information is read, and it is determined whether or not the difference between the previous toll collection completion time and the current time exceeds a predetermined time. If the difference does not exceed the predetermined time, it is determined that the contactless IC card is a charged card. Thus, communication with the non-contact IC card is prohibited.
[0008]
However, acquiring the history information of the non-contact IC card requires a certain total time, such as the time required to read data from the memory of the non-contact IC card and the time required to transmit and receive data wirelessly. On the other hand, the card reader / writer performs not only the communication control with the non-contact IC card but also the control of other roadside devices and the communication control with the host server system. It can be said that the burden due to the communication processing with the contact IC card is a waste that cannot be ignored.
[0009]
In addition, in the current toll collection system, in principle, one card is held over a card reader / writer to collect tolls. However, in the future, it is expected that a plurality of cards will be held at the same time to perform divided collection. You. In the case of this system, after the toll collection from one contactless IC card is completed, until the toll collection from the other contactless IC card is completed, the re-contact with the charged non-contact IC card is completed. Communication may also be possible. Therefore, when the conventional double charging prevention method is used, communication processing for acquiring history information with the non-contact IC card that has been re-communicated occurs. Therefore, there is a problem that it takes a long time to complete toll collection from the latter non-charged non-contact IC card.
[0010]
The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and a charge collection system capable of preventing unnecessary communication with a charged non-contact IC card and achieving high-speed processing, a non-contact IC It is an object to provide a card and a double billing prevention method.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, a toll collection system according to the present invention has wireless communication means for performing non-contact communication with a non-contact IC card, and the non-contact IC card is provided using the wireless communication means. And a card reader / writer for executing a communication procedure for toll collection between the contactless IC card and the contactless IC card. The contactless IC card stores the time at which the last toll collection was performed as history information. Before the communication procedure for the toll collection between the storage means and the card reader / writer is started, a current time is obtained from the card reader / writer, and the obtained current time is stored in the storage means. And processing means for invalidating subsequent communication with the card reader / writer when the difference from the time of the history information is less than or equal to a predetermined time.
[0012]
Further, in the toll collection system of the present invention, the processing means of the non-contact IC card, when the difference between the acquired current time and the time of the history information stored in the storage means exceeds a predetermined time, a card reader / writer. The card reader / writer may notify the writer of the possibility of charge collection, and start the communication procedure for charge collection with the non-contact IC card in response to the notification.
[0013]
Further, in the toll collection system of the present invention, the card reader / writer transmits the current time to the non-contact IC card when the toll collection with the non-contact IC card is completed, and the processing means of the non-contact IC card includes The history information in the storage means may be updated with the current time received from the reader / writer.
[0014]
According to the present invention, the burden on the card reader / writer side can be reduced by performing the double charging detection on the non-contact IC card side. Further, a communication procedure for preventing double charging is performed before a communication procedure for collecting tolls, and the information exchanged in the communication procedure for preventing double charging is only clock data. Therefore, it is possible to eliminate unnecessary communication processing of unnecessary information such as user individual information and history information required for toll collection with the charged contactless IC card.
[0015]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0016]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of a contactless IC card fee collection system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0017]
As shown in FIG. 1, a contactless IC card toll collection system (hereinafter, referred to as a "toll collection system") 1 includes a card reader / card installed at a tollgate at an entrance or an exit of a toll road or both. Various roadside devices including the writer 10, a non-contact type IC card 20 carried by a vehicle occupant, and a host server system 40 such as a host computer connected to the card reader / writer 10 via the communication line 30; It is composed of
[0018]
The card reader / writer 10 communicates between the noncontact IC card 20 and an antenna unit 11 such as an antenna coil that performs noncontact communication with the noncontact IC card 20 to prevent double charging. CPU 12 for executing procedures, communication procedures and data processing for toll collection, and control of roadside devices (not shown), and recording memory 13 for recording information of the non-contact type IC card 20 for which toll collection has been completed. A read-only memory 14 in which various processing procedures executed by the CPU 12 are fixedly stored as a program, a timer 15 for clocking, and a power supply unit for processing power supply to the card reader / writer 10 16 is provided.
[0019]
The roadside device (not shown) may be, for example, a roadside display device that displays the status and result of a process related to toll collection to a passenger of the vehicle, a message for guidance, and the like, based on a result of the process related to toll collection. A start control device for permitting or preventing the passage of a tollgate by, for example, opening and closing a control rod, detecting the number of vehicles entering the tollgate, and the number of axles, height, length, and number of vehicles entering the tollgate. There is a vehicle discriminating device for acquiring vehicle information such as a plate and discriminating a vehicle type from the acquired vehicle information.
[0020]
On the other hand, the non-contact IC card 20 has recorded therein an antenna unit 21 such as an antenna coil for performing non-contact communication with the card reader / writer 10, user-specific information such as a card number, and the like. A communication procedure for preventing double billing, a communication procedure for toll collection, and a toll collection between the recording memory 22 in which the time and the like at which the recording is completed is recorded as history information and the card reader / writer 10 And a read-only memory 24 in which various processing procedures and the like executed by the CPU 23 are fixedly stored.
[0021]
Each of the antenna units 11 and 21 of the card reader / writer 10 and the non-contact IC card 20 employs a coiled antenna. Therefore, when they come close to each other, the power is transmitted from the card reader / writer 10 having the power supply section 16 to the non-contact IC card 20 and the two-way communication is performed by the induction of the coil by the AC magnetic field. It has become.
[0022]
Next, the operation of the toll collection system 1 will be described.
[0023]
FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the card reader / writer 10, and FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the non-contact IC card 20.
[0024]
The card reader / writer 10 constantly emits radio waves from the antenna unit 11, and the CPU 12 of the card reader / writer 10 receives a clock data request from the non-contact IC card 20 or receives a charge collection notification Until the idle state is reached (NO in step 201, NO in step 203).
[0025]
When the non-contact IC card 20 is held over a communicable area of the card reader / writer 10, the non-contact IC card 20 receives power by receiving radio waves from the antenna unit 11 of the card reader / writer 10, and the CPU 23 Start processing. When the CPU 23 of the non-contact IC card 20 starts processing, it first sends a clock data request to the card reader / writer 10 in accordance with a communication procedure for preventing double charging on the card side (step 301), and It waits until a data response is received from the card reader / writer 10 (NO in step 302).
[0026]
When receiving the clock data request from the non-contact IC card 20 (YES in step 201), the CPU 12 of the card reader / writer 10 acquires the clock data of the current time from the timer 15 according to the communication procedure for preventing double charging, A clock data response is transmitted to the non-contact IC card 20 (step 202), and the process returns to the idle state.
[0027]
When the CPU 23 of the non-contact IC card 20 receives the clock data response from the card reader / writer 10 (YES in step 302), the current time found in the received clock data and the previous time recorded in the recording memory 22 The difference from the time when the toll collection is completed is determined, and it is determined whether the difference exceeds a predetermined time (step 303).
[0028]
If the result of this determination is that the predetermined time has not been exceeded (NO in step 303), the CPU 23 of the non-contact IC card 20 terminates the process, assuming that the own non-contact IC card 20 is a charged card. The communication with the card reader / writer 10 is not performed, and the apparatus enters a standby state until power is supplied again.
[0029]
On the other hand, if the predetermined time has elapsed (YES in step 303), the CPU 23 of the non-contact IC card 20 regards the own non-contact IC card 20 as an uncharged card, and sends a charge collection enable notification to the card reader / writer 10. (Step 304).
[0030]
When the CPU 12 of the card reader / writer 10 receives the charge collection enable notification from the non-contact IC card 20 (YES in step 203), the CPU 12 of the card reader / writer 10 performs the charge collection with the non-contact IC card 20 according to the communication procedure for charge collection. (Step 204, step 305).
[0031]
When the charge collection is completed normally, the CPU 12 of the card reader / writer 10 notifies the noncontact IC card 20 of the completion time of the charge collection, and thereafter returns to the idle state. The CPU 23 of the non-contact IC card 20 records the completion time of the fee collection notified from the card reader / writer 10 as new history information in the recording memory 22 and ends the processing.
[0032]
According to the toll collection system 1 of the embodiment described above, the burden on the card reader / writer 10 can be reduced by performing the double charging detection on the non-contact IC card 20 side. Further, a communication procedure for preventing double charging is performed before a communication procedure for collecting tolls, and the information exchanged in the communication procedure for preventing double charging is only clock data. Therefore, it is possible to eliminate unnecessary communication processing of unnecessary information such as user individual information and history information required for toll collection with the charged contactless IC card.
[0033]
In addition, in the case of a system in which a plurality of non-contact IC cards can be simultaneously held and divided collection can be performed, a non-contact IC card that has been charged before completion of collection of a charge with the non-charged non-contact IC card is completed. Even if the communication process interrupts, only the clock data is communicated with the charged non-contact IC card, so that the time when the communication process with the non-charged non-contact IC card is delayed is very short. I'm done. Therefore, it is possible to contribute to speeding up of the toll collection system.
[0034]
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it goes without saying that various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
[0035]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the burden on the card reader / writer side can be reduced by performing the double charging detection on the non-contact IC card side. Further, it is possible to eliminate communication processing of useless information such as user individual information and history information required for toll collection with the charged contactless IC card.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a contactless IC card fee collection system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the card reader / writer 10.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the non-contact IC card 20.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 toll collection system 10, card reader / writer 11, 21, antenna unit 13, 22, recording memory 14, 24, read-only memory , 15 ... timer, 16 ... power supply unit, 30 ... communication line, 40 ... host server system.

Claims (5)

Card reader / writer having wireless communication means for performing non-contact communication with a non-contact IC card, and executing a communication procedure for toll collection with the non-contact IC card using the wireless communication means A toll collection system with
The non-contact IC card,
Storage means for storing the time at which the previous charge collection was performed as history information;
Before the communication procedure for collecting the fee with the card reader / writer is started, a current time is obtained from the card reader / writer, and the obtained current time and the history stored in the storage unit are obtained. When the difference from the time of the information is equal to or less than a predetermined time, a processing unit for invalidating the subsequent communication with the card reader / writer is provided. The processing means of the non-contact IC card, when the difference between the obtained current time and the time of the history information stored in the storage means exceeds a predetermined time, the processing means for the card reader / writer The card reader / writer notifies the possibility of charge collection, and the card reader / writer starts the communication procedure for the charge collection with the contactless IC card in response to the notification. Toll collection system. The card reader / writer transmits the current time to the non-contact IC card when the toll collection with the non-contact IC card is completed, and the processing means of the non-contact IC card transmits the current time to the non-contact IC card. The toll collection system according to claim 2, wherein the history information in the storage unit is updated with the received current time. Card reader / writer having wireless communication means for performing non-contact communication with a non-contact IC card, and executing a communication procedure for toll collection with the non-contact IC card using the wireless communication means A method for preventing double billing of a toll collection system comprising:
The non-contact IC card acquires the current time from the card reader / writer before the communication procedure for collecting the toll with the card reader / writer starts, and acquires the acquired current time and the non- Comparing the time with which the previous charge collection was performed stored in the contact IC card, and if the difference is equal to or less than a predetermined time, invalidating the subsequent communication with the card reader / writer. To prevent double billing in toll collection systems. Card reader / writer having wireless communication means for performing non-contact communication with a non-contact IC card, and executing a communication procedure for toll collection with the non-contact IC card using the wireless communication means A contactless IC card used for a toll collection system provided with
Storage means for storing the time at which the previous charge collection was performed as history information;
Before the communication procedure for collecting the fee with the card reader / writer is started, a current time is obtained from the card reader / writer, and the obtained current time and the history stored in the storage unit are obtained. A non-contact IC card, comprising: processing means for invalidating subsequent communication with the card reader / writer when a difference between the information and the time is equal to or less than a predetermined time.

Images