JP2005122267A - Non-contact authentication device for automatic toll collection system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To use an automatic toll collection system without using a non-contact type IC card. <P>SOLUTION: This non-contact authentication device has: an ID device 20 possessed by an occupant, having a communication function, and storing a user ID number as toll payer information about a toll road; and an on-vehicle device 10 mounted in a vehicle. The on-vehicle device 10 has: a communication part 4 performing wireless communication with the ID device 20; an engine start detection means detecting a start of an engine; a payer information acquisition means acquiring the user ID number from the ID device 20 through the communication part 4 when detecting the engine start by the engine start detection means; a storage means storing the user ID number acquired by the payer information acquisition means into a memory 5; and a payer information transmission means transmitting the user ID number stored by the storage means to a roadside ETC device 30 through a transmission/reception part 2. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention is a non-contact authentication of an automatic toll collection system for exchanging toll road usage fee information by performing wireless communication between a roadside device installed at a toll gate on a toll road and an in-vehicle device mounted on the vehicle. Relates to the device.

There is considered an automatic toll collection system (ETC system) that collects tolls without stopping the vehicle at a toll gate on a toll road by transmitting and receiving information using wireless communication.
Such a conventional automatic toll collection system has a vehicle-mounted device having transmission / reception means and an IC card mounted on a dashboard of a vehicle. When the vehicle enters the toll road, when the vehicle passes under the roadside tollgate antenna attached to the toll collection device at the roadside tollgate, the onboard device instantaneously communicates with the toll collection device wirelessly, and the IC mounted on the onboard device Record the toll road entrance information on the card. In addition, the same communication is performed at the exit of the toll road. On the roadside toll gate side, the toll payment processing is performed based on the information obtained by the toll collection device, and the onboard unit writes the billing information to the IC card.

The in-vehicle device is provided with a card slot that allows the IC card to be inserted and removed. When using the vehicle, the user inserts the IC card into the card slot and uses the IC card when the use is completed. By removing the card, unauthorized use by others is prevented. Note that the IC card functions as a credit card and is issued by a card company.
Also, in the combination of contact type IC card and non-contact type IC card, by enabling the IC card function only when both codes match, the owner or other than the non-owner whose owner knows the use It is known to prevent unauthorized use of (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
JP-A-11-306405 (2nd page, FIG. 1)

However, in the above conventional example, there is an unsolved problem that theft due to forgetting to remove the IC card inserted into the vehicle-mounted device occurs. Although some devices generate warnings (e.g. card not inserted notification) that the ETC function cannot be used due to forgetting to insert an IC card, or if the IC card is inserted with the key removed after the engine has stopped, The various warning functions regarding the insertion of the IC card have an unsolved problem that it is troublesome for general users.
Further, the contact type IC card has a metal terminal for reading and writing, and there is an unresolved problem that an error may occur when reading and writing data due to contact failure due to oxidation, water wetting and the like.
Therefore, the present invention has been made paying attention to the unsolved problems of the above conventional example, and provides a non-contact authentication device for an automatic fee collection system that can suppress the troublesomeness of inserting and removing a contact IC card. It is intended to provide.

  In order to achieve the above object, the first technical means includes an ID storage means for storing a toll payer information of the toll road possessed by a passenger and having a communication function, and a non-contact authentication mounted on the vehicle. The non-contact authentication unit detects a start of the engine with a communication unit that performs wireless communication with the ID storage unit, an engine start detection unit that detects start of the engine, and the engine start detection unit A payer information acquiring means for acquiring the charge payer information from the ID storage means via the communication means, and a storage means for storing the charge payer information acquired by the payer information acquiring means in a memory; And payer information transmitting means for transmitting the fee payer information stored in the storage means to the roadside device via the transmission / reception means.

As a result, the toll payer information on the toll road is acquired by wireless communication with the ID device having the RFID function, so that the ETC system can be used without inserting the IC card directly into the vehicle-mounted device, and the IC Theft caused by forgetting to remove a card can be suppressed.
Further, the second technical means is characterized in that the non-contact authentication unit, the communication means is provided with an antenna whose directivity is in the direction of the ID storage means.

As a result, since communication is performed only with an ID device attached to a specific location such as a car key, even when there are a plurality of ID devices in the vehicle, an ID other than the payer is erroneously recognized. This can be surely prevented.
Further, the third technical means is characterized in that the non-contact authentication unit includes an automatic deletion means for deleting the fee payer information stored in the storage means when the vehicle is turned off. Yes.
As a result, the toll road payer information is deleted when the engine is stopped and the power is turned off, so that the toll payer information does not remain in the vehicle-mounted device, and the vehicle can be rented safely. .
According to a fourth technical means, the non-contact authentication unit includes a reset switch that can be operated by an occupant and a forced deletion means that deletes the payer information stored in the storage means when the reset switch is operated. It is characterized by having.

Thereby, the payer information memorize | stored in the onboard equipment at the user's desired timing can be deleted.
According to a fifth technical means, the non-contact authentication unit is configured to determine whether or not the exit passage status of the toll road is exited by the exit passage determining means, the vehicle is turned off, and the exit passage determining means causes the vehicle to exit. It is characterized by comprising information holding means for holding the payer information stored in the storage means when it is determined that it is non-passing.

As a result, even when the engine is stopped just before the exit of the toll road such as an expressway, the fee payer information is not deleted. For example, when the engine is stopped in the service area and the engine is started again, the fee is paid. Therefore, it is not necessary to re-authenticate the payer information and the authentication process can be performed efficiently.
Further, a sixth technical means includes the charging information transmitting means for transmitting the charging information of the toll road to the ID storing means via the communication means, and the ID storing means. Is characterized by comprising electrophoretic display means for displaying the toll road usage fee based on the billing information transmitted by the billing information transmitting means.
Thereby, since the usage fee is displayed on the ID device by electrophoretic display at the toll gate exit on the toll road, the fee display is maintained for a certain period of time, and the fee payer can check the usage fee even after passing the exit gate. .

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, in which 10 is an on-board device for an ETC system, 20 is an ID device that performs wireless communication with the on-vehicle device 10, and 30 is wireless communication with the on-vehicle device 10. It is a roadside ETC device to perform.
In this ETC system, when the vehicle passes through the entrance gate of the toll gate on the toll road where the roadside ETC device 30 is installed, the transmission / reception antenna 31 of the roadside ETC device 30 installed above the gate and the ETC for the vehicle-mounted device 10 are used. Data communication is performed with the transmission / reception antenna 1.

In communication, first, vehicle ID data is sent from the vehicle-mounted device 10, and an authentication operation is performed as to whether or not the vehicle is a registered vehicle with the roadside ETC device 30. When the authentication is completed and the vehicle proceeds to the main gate at the entrance of the toll road, the vehicle-mounted device 10 receives the entrance information such as the entrance toll gate number and the time when the vehicle entered the entrance gate from the roadside ETC device 30 of the main gate.
After that, when passing through the exit gate of the toll road, the toll road passage section is identified in the roadside ETC device 30 on the exit side based on the information on the toll collection transmitted from the vehicle-mounted device 10, and the usage fee for that section, etc. Is sent to the vehicle-mounted device 10.

  Information on toll collection includes the ID number of the in-vehicle device 10, vehicle information, fee payer information, etc. The ID number of the in-vehicle device 10 and vehicle information as vehicle-specific information are set up after the purchase of the in-vehicle device. At this time, it is stored in the vehicle-mounted device 10 in advance. Further, fee payer information as user-specific information is stored in an ID device 20 as an ID storage unit capable of wireless communication with the vehicle-mounted device 10.

  This ID device 20 is composed of a RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) non-contact IC tag, has a communication function capable of communicating data by wireless communication, and can read the payer information in the built-in memory without contact. As shown in FIG. 2, it is attached to the key 25 of the driver's car. Then, data communication is performed with the RFID antenna 3 in the vicinity of the vehicle-mounted device 10 to transmit a user ID number as fee payer information, and toll billing information transmitted from the vehicle-mounted device 10 It is configured to memorize.

In this way, by applying an ID device composed of an RFID contactless IC tag, it is possible to authenticate a user ID number without contact.
Here, the user ID number is a number for associating information such as the account number of the payer's bank, special contract information indicating whether or not the disability discount can be applied, and the expiration date of the contract, etc. The user manages the user ID number list as a database and collates the user ID numbers so that the toll road usage fee is withdrawn from a predetermined account and collected.

The vehicle-mounted device 10 includes a transmission / reception unit 2 that performs wireless communication via the roadside ETC device 30 and the ETC transmission / reception antenna 1, and a communication unit 4 that performs wireless communication via the ID device 20 and the RFID antenna 3. Yes.
And in the transmission / reception part 2, when a vehicle passes the entrance gate of a toll road, according to the vehicle ID request | requirement command from the roadside ETC apparatus 30, vehicle ID acquisition instruction _| command _SCID is output to ID authentication controller 7 mentioned later, ID A vehicle ID is acquired from the authentication controller 7. Then, the vehicle ID is transmitted to the roadside ETC device 30, the entrance information is received from the roadside ETC device 30, and this is output to the ID authentication controller 7.

Further, the vehicle when passing through the exit gate of the toll road, and outputs the toll collection information acquisition command S _T to the ID authentication controller 7 described later in response to the toll collection information request command from the roadside ETC device 30, ID authentication controller 7 Get toll collection information from. Then, the toll collection information is transmitted to the roadside ETC device 30 and the billing information is received from the roadside ETC device 30, and is output to the ID authentication controller 7.
The communication unit 4 transmits a user ID acquisition command to the ID device 20 in response to a user ID request command F _UID from the ID authentication controller 7 described later, receives a user ID number from the ID device 20, and acquires the acquired user. The ID number is output to the ID authentication controller 7.
Further, when the vehicle passes the exit gate of the toll road, the charging information transmitted from the roadside ETC device 30 is acquired from the ID authentication controller 7 described later, and this is transmitted to the ID device 20.

Here, wireless communication between the communication unit 4 and the ID device 20 is performed via the proximity RFID antenna 3. The RFID antenna 3 is an antenna having directivity, and is configured to match directivity in the direction of a car key insertion slot.
The RFID antenna 3 and the communication unit 4 constitute a communication means.
Then, the ID authentication controller 7, the switch signal S _IG of the ignition switch 6, the vehicle ID acquisition command S _CID from the transceiver unit 2, toll collection information acquisition command S _T is input by the ID authentication controller 7, the switch signal The engine start is detected according to S _IG, and the user ID request command F _UID is output to the communication unit 4 when it is detected that the engine has been started. When a user ID number is input from the communication unit 4 in response to the user ID request command _FUID , the user ID number is stored in the memory 5.

When the vehicle ID acquisition command S _CID is input, the vehicle ID stored in advance is output to the transmission / reception unit 2. When the entrance information is input from the transmission / reception unit 2, the entrance information is stored in the memory 5. When the toll collection information acquisition command S _T is input, outputs the toll collection information such as the entrance information and the user ID stored in the memory 5 to the transmitting and receiving unit 2, the billing information is input from the transceiver unit 2, this Output to the communication unit 4.

Further, ID authentication controller 7, the user switching signal S _RE operable reset switch 8 is inputted, the ID authentication controller 7, the user reset switch SW _RE according to the on and off states of the switch signal S _RE When it is detected that is turned on, the entrance information and the user ID number stored in the memory 5 are deleted.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an ID authentication process executed by the ID authentication controller 7. This ID authentication process is executed as a timer interrupt process at predetermined time intervals. First, in step S1, the switch signal _SIG and The switch signal _SRE is read, and the process proceeds to step S2.

In step S2, it is determined whether or not the engine is stopped. If the engine is not stopped, the process proceeds to step S6 described later. If the engine is stopped, the process proceeds to step S3, and the charging information is stored in the ID device 20. It is determined whether or not it is stored.
When the determination result of step S3 is that charging information is not stored, it is determined that the vehicle has not passed the exit of the toll road, the process proceeds to step S4, and the entrance information and user ID number stored in the memory 5 are stored. If the timer interrupt process is terminated and the billing information is stored, it is determined that it is passing through the exit, the process proceeds to step S5, and the entrance information and user stored in the memory 5 are stored. After the ID number is deleted, the timer interrupt process is terminated.

In step S6, the state of the switch signal S _RE, determines whether the reset switch 8 is ON. When the switch signal S _RE is in the on state, the process proceeds to step S5.
On the other hand, when the result of determination in step S6 is that the switch signal _SRE is in the OFF state, the process proceeds to step S7, where the switch signal _SIG of the ignition switch 6 is determined.
If the result of determination in step S7 is that the switch signal _SIG is in the on state, it is determined that the engine has been started from the stopped state, the process proceeds to step S8, and whether the user ID number is stored in the memory 5 or not. Determine whether.

When the user ID number is stored, the timer interruption process is terminated as it is, and when the user ID number is not stored, the process proceeds to step S9 and the user ID request command _FUID is output to the communication unit 4. By doing so, data communication is performed with the ID device 20, and a user ID number is acquired. Next, the process proceeds to step S10, the user ID number acquired in step S9 is stored in the memory 5, and the timer interrupt process is terminated.

When the determination result of step S7 is that the switch signal _SIG is in the OFF state, the process proceeds to step S11 to determine whether or not the vehicle ID acquisition command _SCID is input from the transmission / reception unit 2, and the vehicle ID acquisition command When the S _CID is input, the process proceeds to step S12, where the vehicle ID number stored in advance at the time of setup of the vehicle-mounted device 10 is output to the transmission / reception unit 2, and the timer interrupt process is terminated.

On the other hand, if the determination result of step S11 is that the vehicle ID acquisition command _SCID has not been input, the process proceeds to step S13 to determine whether toll road entrance information has been input from the transmission / reception unit 2.
When the entrance information is input, the process proceeds to step S14, and this is stored in the memory 5, and then the timer interrupt process is terminated. When the entrance information is not input, the process proceeds to step S15 and the transmission / reception unit 2 from the toll collection information acquisition command S _T determines whether or not input.

The result of the determination in step S15 is, when the toll collection information acquisition command S _T is input, the process proceeds to step S16, determines whether the inlet to the memory 5 information and the user ID number is stored, these When the information is not stored, the process proceeds to step S17, and after performing error processing such as notifying the user by voice or text that the ETC system exit gate cannot be passed, the timer interrupt processing is terminated.

On the other hand, when the determination result in step S16 is that the entrance information and the user ID number are stored in the memory 5, the process proceeds to step S18, and the fee collection information such as the entrance information and the user ID stored in the memory 5 is transmitted / received. After the output to 2, the timer interrupt process is terminated.
The determination of the step S15 is, when the toll collection information acquisition command S _T is not input, the process proceeds to step S19, determines whether the accounting information from the transceiver unit 2 is input. Then, when charging information is input, the process proceeds to step S20, and this is output to the communication unit 4 and then the timer interrupt processing is terminated. When charging information is not input, the timer interrupt processing is performed as it is. Exit.

  In FIG. 3, the process of step S3 corresponds to the exit passage determination means, the process of step S4 corresponds to the information holding means, the processes of steps S6 and S5 correspond to the forced deletion means, and the process of step S7 is the engine. Corresponding to the start detection means, the process of step S9 corresponds to the payer information acquisition means, the process of step S10 corresponds to the storage means, the process of step S18 corresponds to the payer information transmission means, and the process of step S20 Corresponds to the charging information transmitting means.

Accordingly, the vehicle is not currently storing the user ID number in the memory 5 and is stopped with the power turned off. In this stopped state, the key switch is turned on, and then the ignition switch 6 is turned on. Suppose that In this case, in the ID authentication process of FIG. 3, it is determined that the switch signal _SIG is on in step S7 and the engine is started, and the process proceeds to step S8, and then the process proceeds to step S9. The user ID request command F _UID is output to the unit 4. Accordingly, the communication unit 4 performs data communication with the ID device 20 via the RFID antenna 3 and acquires a user ID number. Next, the process proceeds to step S10, and the user ID number acquired in step S9 is stored in the memory 5.

Thereafter, when the vehicle travels on a toll road such as an expressway and enters the entrance gate of the toll gate, a vehicle ID request command is transmitted from the roadside ETC device 30 installed at the entrance gate. A vehicle ID acquisition command _SCID is input. In this case, the process proceeds from step S11 to step S12, and the vehicle ID number stored in advance at the time of setup of the vehicle-mounted device 10 is output to the transmission / reception unit 2, so that the vehicle ID number is transmitted from the transmission / reception unit 2 to the roadside ETC device 30. Is transmitted to determine whether the vehicle is an ETC registered vehicle.

Then, when the vehicle passes through the entrance gate, entrance information such as the entrance toll gate number and the time when the vehicle enters the entrance gate is transmitted from the roadside ETC device 30 and is received by the transceiver 2. Then, the process proceeds from step S13 to step S14, and the entrance information input from the transmission / reception unit 2 is stored in the memory 5.
Thereafter, when the vehicle enters the exit gate of the toll road, toll collection information request command is transmitted from the roadside ETC device 30 installed at the exit gate, the toll collection information acquisition command S _T from the transceiver 2 receives this Entered. In this case, the process proceeds from step S15 to step S16 to step S18, and the toll collection information such as the entrance information and the user ID stored in the memory 5 is output to the transmission / reception unit 2, so that the roadside ETC is transmitted from the transmission / reception unit 2. Toll collection information is transmitted to the device 30, a toll road passage section is specified, and billing information for that section is transmitted.

When the charging information is received by the transmission / reception unit 2, the process proceeds from step S 19 to step S 20, and the charging information is output to the communication unit 4. Thus, the billing information is transmitted to the ID device 20 via the RFID antenna 3 and stored in the ID device 20.
In addition, the vehicle enters the toll road from the entrance gate where the roadside ETC device is installed, and at the exit gate, for example, the roadside ETC device is out of order, and the cashier's booth staff directly delivers cash and cards. And pass the exit gate by paying the usage fee. At this time, the entrance information and the user ID number are still stored in the memory 5.

In this state, it is assumed that the user operates a reset switch provided in the vehicle-mounted device 10 to turn it on. In this case, the process proceeds from step S6 to step S5, and the toll road entrance information and user ID number stored in the memory 5 are deleted.
As described above, the reset switch that can be operated by the user is provided, and the entrance information and the user ID number stored in the memory 5 are deleted when the reset switch is in the ON state. Therefore, the data can be deleted at a timing desired by the user. It is possible to suppress the charge payer information from remaining in the vehicle-mounted device.

Further, it is assumed that the vehicle enters the toll road from the entrance gate where the roadside ETC device is installed and stops the engine in the service area or the like. At this time, since the vehicle has not passed the exit gate, the charging information is not received from the roadside ETC device 30 and the charging information is not stored in the ID device 20.
In this case, the process proceeds from step S2 to step S3 to determine exit passage, and it is determined that the vehicle has not passed the exit gate. Therefore, the process proceeds to step S4 and the entrance information stored in the memory 5 and Holds the user ID number.

Thereafter, when the engine is started again, the process proceeds from step S7 to step S8. Since it is determined in step S8 that the user ID number is stored in the memory 5, the ID authentication process is terminated as it is.
In this way, when the engine is stopped without passing through the exit of a toll road such as a highway, the fee payer information is not deleted, so when the engine is stopped in the service area and the engine is started again, Since the payer information is retained, the ETC system can be used without re-authenticating the payer information, and the authentication process can be performed efficiently.

  Therefore, in the first embodiment, since the user ID number as toll payer information on the toll road is acquired by wireless communication with the ID device having the RFID function, it is not necessary to insert the IC card directly into the vehicle-mounted device. The ETC system can be used by authenticating the user ID, the troublesomeness of inserting and removing the IC card can be suppressed, and theft due to forgetting to remove the IC card can be surely prevented.

In addition, since the RFID antenna has directivity and communication is performed only with an ID device attached to a specific location such as a car key, even when a plurality of ID devices exist in the vehicle, It is possible to reliably prevent erroneous recognition of IDs other than the payer.
In addition, by attaching the ID device to the car key, the ID card cannot be recognized when the key is removed and the car gets off the car, so that the IC card can be removed. Use can be suppressed.

In addition, by applying an ID device having an RFID function, data can be read and written without the need for a connection terminal as compared with a conventional IC card, thereby improving durability of the vehicle-mounted device and the ID device. In addition, since there is no metal terminal in the ID device, there is no need to worry about oxidation or water wetting, and it is easy to handle.
Furthermore, since the user ID number is acquired when the engine is started and the user ID number as fee payer information is deleted when the power is turned off, the fee payer information is stored in the vehicle-mounted device. It can be only during driving, and the outflow of toll payer information due to vehicle rental or the like can be suppressed.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
In the second embodiment, billing information transmitted from the roadside ETC device is displayed on the electrophoretic display of the ID device when passing through the exit gate of the toll road.
An electrophoretic display (hereinafter referred to as EPD) is a display that utilizes a phenomenon called electrophoresis in which charged particles in a solvent move by an electric field.

This EPD has bistability, that is, particles that have moved to the electrode become stable on the electrode, and then remain in that state even when the electric field is zero. For this reason, it is possible to maintain a state of being displayed for about ten minutes to one hour without continuously applying a voltage.
FIG. 4 shows an ID device 20 according to the second embodiment, which includes an EPD 21 as an electrophoretic display means, and when a toll road charging information is transmitted from the communication unit 4, a predetermined voltage is applied to the EPD 21. Configured to display usage charges.

Therefore, when the vehicle passes the exit gate of the toll road, in the ID authentication process in FIG. 3, if the billing information is output to the communication unit 4 in step S <b> 17, the billing information is sent via the RFID antenna 3 to the ID device 20. This is stored in the ID device 20 and the usage fee is displayed on the EPD 21.
As described above, in the second embodiment, since the ID device is provided with an EPD function and the toll road usage fee is displayed, the fee payer can check the usage fee when passing through the exit gate, and the fee display. Is kept for a certain period of time, so that even if the usage fee displayed on the gate at the exit gate is overlooked, the usage fee can be confirmed.

It is a schematic structure figure showing an embodiment of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing of the ID apparatus in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the ID authentication process of the ID authentication controller 7 of FIG. 1 in embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the ID apparatus in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

  1 ETC transmission / reception antenna, 2 transmission / reception unit, 3 RFID antenna, 4 communication unit, 5 memory, 6 ignition switch, 7 ID authentication controller, 10 in-vehicle device, 20 ID device, 30 roadside ETC device, 31 transmission / reception antenna

Claims (6)

In a non-contact authentication device of an automatic toll collection system provided with a transmission / reception means for performing wireless communication with a roadside device installed in a vehicle and installed at a toll gate of a toll road to settle the toll road usage fee ,
An ID storage unit that has a communication function possessed by an occupant and stores toll payer information on the toll road, and a non-contact authentication unit mounted on a vehicle, wherein the non-contact authentication unit stores the ID A communication means for performing wireless communication with the means; an engine start detection means for detecting engine start; and when the engine start is detected by the engine start detection means, from the ID storage means via the communication means Payer information acquisition means for acquiring charge payer information, storage means for storing charge payer information acquired by the payer information acquisition means in a memory, and charges stored in the storage means via the transmission / reception means A non-contact authentication device for an automatic toll collection system, comprising payer information transmitting means for transmitting payer information to the roadside device.   The contactless authentication apparatus for an automatic fee collection system according to claim 1, wherein the communication means includes an antenna whose directivity is matched with the direction of the ID storage means.   The said non-contact authentication part is provided with the automatic deletion means which deletes the payer information memorize | stored in the said memory | storage means, when the power supply of a vehicle is made into an OFF state. Contactless authentication device for automatic toll collection system.   The non-contact authentication unit includes a reset switch that can be operated by an occupant, and a forced deletion unit that deletes fee payer information stored in the storage unit when the reset switch is operated. A contactless authentication device for an automatic fee collection system according to any one of claims 1 to 3.   When the non-contact authentication unit determines that the exit passage determination means for determining the exit passage status of the toll road, the vehicle is turned off, and the exit passage determination means determines that the vehicle is non-exit, 5. The contactless authentication apparatus for an automatic fee collection system according to claim 1, further comprising information holding means for holding fee payer information stored in the storage means.   The contactless authentication unit includes charging information transmission means for transmitting charging information of the toll road to the ID storage means via the communication means, and the ID storage means is transmitted by the charging information transmission means. 6. A contactless authentication apparatus for an automatic toll collection system according to claim 1, further comprising an electrophoretic display means for displaying a usage fee for the toll road based on the billing information. .

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