JP2004142054A - Machine tool having dust collector - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To rapidly collect powder-like cutting chips without deposition thereof on a table or a bed. <P>SOLUTION: A chip conveyor 41 of a sealed structure is provided below a table 15, and four sides and a top side of a working area are covered by splash guards 51 to form an airtight machining chamber 53. An air intake port 57 is formed on an upper portion of a right side of the splash guard 51, and a first suction port 59 opened in the machining chamber 53, a second suction port 65 opened in the downstream side of the chip conveyor 41, and a dust collector 61 are connected to each other via ducts 61 and 67. The chips are collected by generating a diagonally downward air flow from the air intake port 57 toward the suction ports 59 and 65. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention includes a dust collector configured to collect chips with a dust collector while cutting and grinding, since the chips become powder, so that the chips do not scatter around the processing area and are collected by a dust collector. Related to machine tools.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Dry cutting of graphite or plastic with a machining center or the like generates powder-like chips.Therefore, cut all sides, upper and lower sides of the processing area so that they do not scatter outside, invade the guide surface, or adversely affect the human body. Surrounded by a splash guard, chips in the processing area are collected by a dust collector.
[0003]
Patent Literature 1 discloses a machine tool with a chip processing device. According to the present invention, there is provided a dust collecting device which surrounds the processing area with a cover (splash guard) and suctions chips in the processing area from suction ports opened above the table and below the slope of the bed. An outside air inlet having an open / close valve that opens and closes with a pressure difference between the inside and the outside is provided at the front of the enclosure cover. Then, an airflow from the outside air inlet to the suction outlet is generated to collect chips, and a backflow is prevented by an on-off valve.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-4-2899051
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the above-described prior art, the chips falling below the table must travel to the vicinity of the suction port by their own weight along the slope formed on the bed, and the chips remaining on the way cannot be sucked. The chips accumulated on the table cannot be sucked. Large chips cannot be sucked by the dust collector. Further, an outside air introduction port is provided below the front of the enclosure cover, and one suction port is provided above the table, so that the air flow in the processing area flows from bottom to top. This forced the operator to open the door of the enclosure cover with the chips accumulated on the table forever rising and the floating chips in the enclosure cover not disappearing.
[0006]
An object of the present invention is to solve such problems of the related art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool provided with a dust collector capable of collecting generated chips without staying on a table or a bed. . Another object is to provide a machine tool provided with a dust collector in which floating chips in the processing area are sucked by the dust collector immediately after finishing the processing.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In view of the above, the present invention provides a machine tool including a dust collector that suctions and collects chips generated when processing the work by relatively moving a tool mounted on a spindle and a work fixed to a table, A chip conveyor having a hermetically-sealed structure provided below the table and configured to receive falling chips and carry it out of the machine; a splash guard surrounding the work area of the work so as to be airtight; and A first suction opening that opens at least one place in the processing chamber above and suctions powdery chips that are floating, and a second suction opening that opens on the downstream side of the chip conveyor and suctions the conveyed chips. The gist of the present invention is a machine tool provided with a dust collector including a second suction port, and a dust collector which communicates with the first suction port and the second suction port and suctions and collects chips.
Chips provided below the table are taken out of the chips without stagnation by the chip conveyor, and the chips are sucked into the dust collector from the second suction port opened on the downstream side of the chip conveyor.
[0008]
The present invention also provides the splash guard at a position facing the processing chamber with respect to the first suction port and the second suction port, and at a position higher than the first suction port and the second suction port. When the dust collector is actuated, the obliquely downward air flow from the air intake port across the processing chamber to the first suction port and the second suction port is provided. Preferably, it is configured to generate.
This results in an obliquely downward airflow from above to below, so that the chips do not soar, and if the dust collector is operated for a short time after processing, the floating chips in the processing area quickly disappear.
[0009]
Further, the spindle of the present invention has a through spindle air device that penetrates through the inside of the spindle and supplies pressurized air to a tool, and / or near the spindle, pressurized air is directed toward a processing unit. It is preferable to have an air nozzle device for jetting.
Further, the splash guard of the present invention is such that an operator of a machine tool can insert an air gun nozzle toward the processing chamber, and an opening that is closed when the air gun nozzle is pulled out is provided on the front of the opening / closing door or the splash guard. It is preferred to have.
Since pressurized air is ejected from the through-spindle air device or the air nozzle device during processing, chips do not accumulate on a work or a table, and fall on a chip conveyor. In addition, if the operator inserts an air gun through the opening and manually drops chips remaining on the work or table while operating the dust collector, the chips and floating chips in the processing area will be short. It almost disappears in time, and opening the opening and closing door of the splash guard does not deteriorate the working environment.
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway front view showing the entire configuration of a machine tool provided with a dust collector of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a machine tool main body of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a bed in which a column, a table, and the like are removed to show an arrangement of a feed screw. FIG. 4 is a bed in which a feed screw, a guide rail, a chute, and the like are removed from FIG. It is a perspective view of.
[0011]
First, an embodiment of a machine tool main body according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
The machine tool main body 11 includes a bed 13 serving as a base, a work (not shown) fixed detachably, a table 15 supported on the upper surface of the bed 13, and a spindle head 17 disposed above the table 15. A column 19 provided at the rear of the bed 13 to support the bed 13; and a plurality of shooters 47 arranged around the table 15 so as to cover the upper surface and side portions of the bed 13. . The bed 13 of the machine tool main body 11 of this embodiment has a T-shape as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, but may have another shape such as a rectangular parallelepiped.
[0012]
Specifically, the spindle head 17 is supported by a column 19 via a saddle (not shown) movably supported in the X-axis direction (bed left-right direction when viewed from the operator side). The spindle head 17 is supported movably in the vertical direction on the front surface of the saddle, and feed in the Z-axis direction is performed by a Z-axis feed motor 23 provided on the upper portion of the saddle. Similarly, the saddle is fed in the X-axis direction by an X-axis feed motor (not shown).
[0013]
The machine tool main body 11 shown in FIG. 2 is provided with a cover 25 that covers the spindle head 17 and is provided on both sides of the saddle in order to prevent chips from adhering to a guide rail (not shown) for guiding the saddle. Is provided with a so-called telescopic cover (expandable cover) 27 that can expand and contract in the X-axis direction (left-right direction) as the saddle moves in the X-axis direction, and covers the guide rails from above.
A spindle 21 is rotatably supported on the spindle head 17, and a tool (not shown) is held at an end of the spindle 21 via a tool holder. Therefore, the spindle 21 rotatably supported by the spindle head 17 is movable with respect to the table 15 in the X-axis and Z-axis directions.
[0014]
On the other hand, the table 15 is guided along a guide means such as a guide rail 29 (FIG. 3) provided on the upper surface of the front portion of the bed 13 via a linear motion bearing (not shown) provided on the bottom surface thereof. The bed 13 can be moved linearly in the Y-axis direction (the front-back direction as viewed from the worker side). Here, the guide means may be a slide guide surface. Referring to FIG. 3, a pair of guide rails 29 are provided along left and right side edges of the bed 13, and the guide rails 29 are provided outside the guide rails 29 to move the table 15 along guide means such as the guide rails 29. A feed screw 31 and a Y-axis feed motor 33 for rotating the feed screw 31 are attached to the left and right side surfaces of the bed 13, respectively. In order to prevent chips from adhering to the guide rail 29, the feed screw 31, and the Y-axis feed motor 33, the front and rear sides of the table 15 are moved in the Y-axis direction (the front-rear direction) as the table 15 moves in the Y-axis direction. The telescopic cover 35 which can be extended and contracted is provided in ()), and covers the guide rail 29, the feed screw 31, and the Y-axis feed motor 33 from above. Further, the telescopic cover 35 has a V-shape (a mountain shape) having an outward downward inclination so that chips falling from the table 15 do not accumulate thereon.
[0015]
As shown in FIG. 4, the front portion of the bed 13 is provided with a rib 13a for reinforcement, and the center portion has a box shape having a concave portion. On the left and right sides (as viewed from the operator side), three pairs of through holes 37 are formed in pairs on the left and right, respectively. Then, three concave troughs 39 made of sheet metal having a concave shape opened upward pass through the pair of through holes 37 and mainly come into contact with the bed 13 without directly contacting the bed 13 for heat insulation. On the other hand, it is fixed to the bed 13 via a mounting washer, a spacer, or the like so as to have a predetermined gap. As the through hole 37, a cast hole of the bed 13 can be used. Of course, it may be formed separately from the cast hole. Therefore, the trough 39 extends in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the table 15 moves. A well-known chip conveyor 41 such as a scraper conveyor, a hinge conveyor, and a screw conveyor suitable for discharging the chips collected in the trough 39 is disposed inside the trough 39.
[0016]
A plurality of shooters 47 are juxtaposed along the guide rails 29 in a recess at the center of the bed 13, that is, in the space between the pair of guide rails 29 and in the space outside the guide rails 29. Further, the lower ends of both the mountain-shaped inclined surfaces of the telescopic cover 35 that covers the guide rail 29 and the feed screw 31 and the like above cover the shooter 47. With the telescopic cover 35 and the shooter 47 arranged as described above, the chips falling from the table 15 are received and collected in the trough 39 by covering the flat surface extending below and surrounding the table 15. ing.
[0017]
As shown in FIG. 4, a trough cover 43 is further provided on the upper surface of the trough 39 for mounting the chute 47, and the trough cover 43 is inserted into the trough 39 from the chute 47 at an appropriate place on the trough cover 43. An opening 45 is formed for passing chips therethrough.
Referring again to FIG. 2, a bucket 49 is provided on a side portion of the bed 13 for collecting chips collected by the trough 39 and discharged to the outside of the bed 13 and the trough 39 by the chip conveyor 41.
[0018]
The four sides and the upper side of the work area of the work of the machine tool main body 11 are surrounded by the splash guard 51 to form a processing chamber 53 (see FIG. 1). Below the processing area, the chip conveyor 41 having a closed structure opened only to the processing chamber 53 is provided, and the processing chamber 53 is an airtight closed space after all. A window and an opening / closing door are appropriately arranged on the splash guard 51 so that an operator can observe the inside of the processing chamber or change the work.
In the machine tool main body 11 configured as described above, the shooter 47 is provided without a gap in the surrounding space below the table 15 except for a portion where the guide means such as the guide rail 29 provided on the upper surface of the bed 13 is arranged. The inclination of the cover for protecting the guide rail 29 and the like from chips can be made steep.
[0019]
When a work fixed detachably on the table 15 is machined with a tool attached to the main shaft 21, chips are generated with the machining. At this time, the chips do not fall directly onto the bed 13 and are always received by the telescopic cover 35 and the shooter 47. Even if the table 15 is driven in the Y-axis direction by the feed screw 31 and moves in the front-rear direction along the guide rail 29, since the upper part of the guide rail 29 and the feed screw 31 are covered by the telescopic cover 35, they are directly The chips do not adhere, and the chips adhered to the telescopic cover 35 are received in the chute 47 along the mountain-shaped inclined surface. Chips attached to the splash guard 51 and the like are also received in the shooter 47. At this time, if the contact between the chute 47 and the bed 13 is further reduced by attaching the chute 47 to the trough cover 43 or the like, the amount of heat transferred from the chips to the bed 13 via the chute 47 is reduced, 13 can be suppressed from being thermally deformed.
[0020]
Next, the chips received in the shooter 47 are collected and introduced into the trough 39 through the opening 45 of the trough cover 43. At this time, since the trough 39 is not in direct contact with the bed 13 and is disposed apart from the bed 13, the amount of heat of the high-temperature chips transferred to the bed 13 is minimized, The bed 13 is not thermally deformed and does not affect the processing accuracy. Further, the chips introduced into the trough 39 are discharged from the trough 39 to the outside of the bed 13 and the trough 39 by the chip conveyor 41, so that the time of staying in the trough 39 is shortened, and the chips are transferred from the high-temperature chip to the bed 13. The amount of heat generated is less.
[0021]
In the above embodiment, three troughs 39 were described, but one, two, or four or more troughs can be used, and various arrangements can be considered. The shooters 47 are not limited to the three shooters at the center and left and right, and may be nine shooters each divided into three. Various arrangements are also conceivable. For example, when only one trough is arranged, a wide trough is used, and a wide chip discharge means is similarly arranged in the wide trough. At this time, it is preferable to use a wide shooter so as to cover the entire upper part of the bed. It is better to steeper the shooter.
[0022]
Next, an embodiment of a machine tool provided with the dust collector of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
The above-mentioned machine tool main body 11 has a well-known automatic tool changing device 55 on the left side, and can exchange tools with the main shaft 21 through an openable shutter 52 provided between the machine tool main body 11 and the processing chamber 53.
The part of the splash guard 51 where the spindle head 17 moves in the X-axis and Z-axis directions has a movable structure while maintaining a sealed state using a sealing means. An air inlet 57 is provided above the right side surface of the splash guard 51. Then, a first duct 61 having a suction port 59 opened in the middle of the vertical surface of the shutter 52 between the processing chamber 53 and the automatic tool changer 55 is connected to the dust collector 63. On the other hand, a second duct having a second suction port 65 opened at the downstream end of the three chip conveyors 41 is connected to the dust collector 63. The spindle 21 has a through-spindle air device (not shown) for allowing pressurized air to flow through the axis and ejecting air from the tip of the spindle or the tip of the tool, and a plurality of spindles at the tip of the spindle head 17 around the spindle 21. The air nozzle device 69 is provided so that pressurized air can be ejected toward the processing section.
[0023]
With this configuration, when a workpiece that generates powdery chips such as graphite or plastic is cut or ground, the chips float in the processing chamber 53, and the chips collected on the processing portion and the table 15 are blown off by pressurized air. And falls into the trough 39, is carried out by the chip conveyor 41, and is collected in the bucket 49. The bucket 49 is provided so as to be jacked up with a bolt or the like so as to be in close contact with the lower surface of the left end of the chip conveyor 41. The floating chips in the processing chamber 53 are mainly sucked from the first suction port and collected in the dust collector 63, and the chips carried out by the chip conveyor 41 are mainly suctioned from the second suction port 65 and collected in the dust collector 63. Is done. The second duct 67 has been described as a type in which the second suction port is connected to the left end of the chip conveyor 41, but may be a type in which the second duct 67 is connected to the bucket 49 as shown by a dashed line in FIG. When the dust collector 63 is operated, outside air is introduced from the air intake port 57, and generates an obliquely downward air flow toward the first suction port 59 or the second suction port 65, thereby acting to guide the chips downward without fluttering as much as possible. . The air intake 57 is provided with an on-off valve that opens and closes by a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the splash guard 51, a filter and a labyrinth, and prevents the backflow of the powdery chips when the dust collector 63 stops. .
[0024]
An opening 71 for inserting a nozzle of an air gun into the processing chamber 53 is provided on the opening / closing door or the front surface of the splash guard 51. During or after the processing, the dust collector 63 is operated and the dust is accumulated on the table 15, the telescopic cover 35, and the like. The blown chips can be blown off and fall into the trough 39. The opening 71 has a lid elastically urged by a spring from the inside. The opening 71 is closed when the nozzle of the air gun is pulled out. When the floating chips in the processing chamber 53 are exhausted, the dust collector 63 is stopped, and the operator can open the door of the splash guard 51.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the powdery chips generated in the processing chamber are collected from the first suction port to the dust collector, further carried out on the chip conveyor, and the second suction port on the downstream side of the chip conveyor. Collected from the dust collector. At that time, an obliquely downward air flow is generated from the air intake port provided at a high position of the splash guard to the first suction port and the second suction port, so that dust can be collected quickly without flying chips as much as possible.
By using a through spindle air device, an air nozzle device, and an air gun, chips accumulated on a work, a table, or the like are blown off and dropped on a chip conveyor, and almost all chips in the processing chamber can be collected. Since the opening and closing door of the splash guard is opened in a state where there is almost no chip in the processing chamber, a clean working environment in which the powder chip does not leak outside can be created.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway front view showing the entire configuration of a machine tool provided with a dust collector of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a machine tool main body of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the bed with a column, a table, and the like removed to show the arrangement of the shooter and the feed screw of FIG. 2;
4 is a perspective view of the bed in a state where a feed screw, a guide rail, a chute, and the like are removed from FIG. 3 to show a structure of the trough.
[Explanation of symbols]
11 ... machine tool body 13 ... bed 15 ... table 17 ... spindle head 21 ... spindle 29 ... guide rail 31 ... feed screw 33 ... feed motor 35 ... telescopic cover 39 ... trough 41 ... chip conveyor 47 ... shooter 49 ... bucket 51 ... splash Guard 53 Processing chamber 57 Air inlet 59 First suction port 61 First duct 63 Dust collector 65 Second suction port 67 Second duct 69 Air nozzle device 71 Opening

Claims (4)

In a machine tool provided with a dust collector that sucks and collects chips generated when processing the work by relatively moving a tool mounted on a spindle and a work fixed to a table,
A chip conveyor having a hermetically-sealed structure provided below the table and receiving falling chips and carrying the chips out of the machine.
A splash guard that surrounds the processing area of the workpiece so as to be airtight and forms a processing chamber,
A first suction port that opens at least one place in the processing chamber above the table and suctions floating powdery chips,
A second suction port that opens to the downstream side of the chip conveyor and suctions the conveyed chips,
A dust collector that communicates with the first suction port and the second suction port and that sucks and collects chips;
A machine tool provided with a dust collector, comprising: An air intake provided in the splash guard at a position facing the processing chamber with respect to the first suction port and the second suction port and higher than the first suction port and the second suction port. 2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of: generating an obliquely downward air flow from the air intake port across the processing chamber to the first suction port and the second suction port when the dust collector is operated. A machine tool provided with the dust collector described in the above. The spindle has a through spindle air device that penetrates through the spindle and supplies pressurized air to a tool, and / or has an air nozzle device that ejects pressurized air toward a processing unit near the spindle. A machine tool provided with the dust collector according to claim 1. 2. The splash guard according to claim 1, wherein an operator of a machine tool can insert a nozzle of an air gun toward the processing chamber, and has an opening on a front surface of the opening / closing door or the splash guard which is closed when the nozzle of the air gun is pulled out. A machine tool provided with the dust collector according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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