JP2004101576A - Musical performance self-teaching device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable even a player who can not read a musical score to practice step by step by keying indications using a musical score by optionally switching display styles of the keying indications. <P>SOLUTION: Keying indication display parts 6 to 8 display musical performance indications in mutually different modes. Those modes are a mode in which keying timing is displayed on a musical score, a mode in which marks indicating musical sound lengths are displayed while being made to correspond a keyboard figure, and a superimposition mode in which those modes are displayed one over the other. A switching part 5 can be operated either at the start of a musical performance or in the middle of the musical performance. Musical performance data are read out to the keying indication display parts 6 to 8 when the start of a lesson is indicated or when correct keying is done. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a performance self-learning apparatus, and more particularly, to a performance self-learning apparatus capable of designating a practice location in a musical piece according to performance proficiency and enabling efficient practice.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art There is known an apparatus which reproduces performance data stored in a storage medium by a personal computer (hereinafter, referred to as a "personal computer"), sequentially displays music scores on a screen, and instructs performance. For example, Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 9-305171 discloses a music box-type device for giving a performance instruction. In this device, the graphic of the keyboard is displayed on the screen, and the range from the depressed key to the released key corresponding to each key of the displayed keyboard is displayed by a scroll bar. To the keyboard figure according to the playback of.
[0003]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-195063 discloses a performance support device that displays a musical score generated based on performance data on a display in accordance with the progress of a performance.
[0004]
According to the former device, the key press time can be intuitively recognized by the scroll bar display, and the performance data following the currently pressed key performance data can be predicted. Therefore, unlike the latter one that displays the score, even those who cannot read the score can expect a smooth performance.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, there is a problem with the above-mentioned music box-type apparatus for displaying performance instructions. Even if a person who cannot read music can play a song with a music box-style display device, it does not mean that the music can be read, so it has no application when playing another song. . That is, it is difficult to perform without the same music box type performance instruction.
[0006]
Therefore, while practicing in accordance with the performance instructions displayed in the music box style, while practicing with music scores as appropriate, it is desired to have a device that not only can play a specific song but also can finally perform while reading music. .
[0007]
It is an object of the present invention to provide a performance self-learning apparatus which aims to gradually read a score while performing in accordance with a performance instruction in response to the above demand.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention for solving the above problems and achieving the object displays performance instruction information created based on performance data and gives a performance instruction to a player, and at the same pitch as the performance instruction. A musical score view mode display means for displaying musical instruction information in which musical timing information is added to musical note information arranged on a staff notation, wherein the musical instruction view mode display means corresponds to a musical note length Piano roll view mode display means for associating the length mark with the keyboard figure and displaying the performance timing by the distance between the mark and the keyboard figure; and one of the score view mode display means and the piano roll view mode display means. A first feature is that a switching means for arbitrarily selecting is provided.
[0009]
The present invention is also characterized in that the score view mode display means is configured to further display a keyboard graphic and to display information indicating a key to be currently played on the keyboard graphic. There is a feature.
[0010]
A third aspect of the present invention is that the present invention further comprises superimpose mode display means for simultaneously displaying information displayed on the score view mode display means and information displayed on the piano roll view mode display means. There are features.
[0011]
The present invention further comprises means for evaluating a performance based on the degree of coincidence of the performance musical tone with the performance instruction, wherein the score view mode display means, the piano roll view mode display means, and the superimpose mode display means comprise: There is a fourth feature in that it is configured to also display.
[0012]
Further, according to the present invention, the score view mode display means, the piano roll view mode display means, and the superimpose mode display means add a check to the note information or mark of the musical tone that could not be played according to the performance instruction, and The fifth feature lies in that it is configured to also display.
[0013]
According to the first and second features, since the performance instruction can be displayed in any one of the score view mode and the piano roll view mode, the performance instruction can be displayed in a display format desired by the player. In particular, according to the second feature, the comparison between the score and the keyboard becomes clear in the score view mode.
[0014]
According to the third feature, it is possible to simultaneously display the performance instructions in both view modes, and display a specific performance mode that the musical notes of the musical score mean.
[0015]
According to the fourth feature, the performance result can be evaluated, and the evaluation can be displayed together with the performance instruction. According to the fifth feature, it is possible to clarify the musical tone that could not be played according to the instruction, and more specifically to indicate at what point it was different from the instruction by the annotation.
[0016]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the performance self-learning device according to one embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, a personal computer 1 includes a personal computer main body 11, a keyboard 12 and a mouse 13 as input devices, and a display 14 as an output device. The personal computer main body 11 has a known configuration including a hard disk, a ROM, a RAM, and the like. It is preferable to provide an interface that can input and output MIDI signals.
[0017]
The keyboard instrument 2 includes a keyboard 21 and a sound system 22. The keyboard instrument 2 includes a detection circuit 23 for detecting a key depression and a key release of the keyboard 21 and a sound source device 24 for generating a musical tone in accordance with the detection information of the key depression and the key release. When the detection circuit 23 detects a key depression / release of the keyboard 21, a tone is generated by the tone generator 24 based on the key depression position (key number), key depression length, key depression speed (velocity), and the like. The sound is output (produced) through the sound system 22. The keyboard instrument 2 may also be provided with a MIDI interface. The overall operation of the keyboard instrument 2 is controlled by a microcomputer (not shown).
[0018]
The personal computer body 11 and the keyboard instrument 2 are connected via an interface (not shown) (for example, a MIDI interface) so that signals can be transmitted and received between each other.
[0019]
In the performance self-learning apparatus, the practice music can be supplied from the outside, or can be stored in a hard disk or the like in advance. For the practice music, note event data such as note numbers, key press / key release data (key-on time, key-off time), and velocity are prepared as performance data. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of a main configuration of performance data. The performance data can include data other than the tone information.
[0020]
A performance instruction, that is, key pressing instruction information is created based on the performance data and displayed on the display 14. The key press instruction is displayed in three types, that is, modes. A piano roll view mode, a score view mode, and a superimpose mode, which will be described later.
[0021]
Next, the processing of the performance self-learning apparatus will be described with reference to a flowchart. FIG. 3 is a main flowchart. In step S1, the personal computer 1 is initialized, including clearing a VRAM and a timer for displaying an image on the display 14. In step S2, a practice song is selected. For example, a list of practice songs is displayed on the display 14, and the player selects a song using the keyboard 12 or the mouse 13. The performance data of the selected music is read from an external storage device into the RAM of the personal computer 11. The performance data includes, in addition to the musical sound information, data for specifying the display mode of the key press instruction. The display mode is specified for each practice song.
[0022]
If a song has been selected, the process proceeds to step S3, where a lesson menu is displayed on the display 14. The lesson menu is a screen set so that a part (unit) of the practice song can be specified, and the player can practice the unit specified in the lesson menu intensively. Then, the designated unit is expanded stepwise according to the progress of the practice, so that the user can finally practice through the entire music. In the lesson menu, the results of each unit can also be displayed. An example of a lesson menu is described below with respect to FIG.
[0023]
A display mode switch is displayed together with the lesson menu. By operating this switch, the set display mode can be changed. In step S4, it is determined whether or not a switching operation has been performed by the display mode switch. If the switching operation has been performed, the process proceeds to step S5 to switch the display mode of the key pressing instruction. Each time the changeover switch is operated, the display mode is switched in the order of, for example, a piano roll view mode, a score view mode, and a superimpose mode.
[0024]
In step S6, it is determined whether or not there is a lesson start instruction. The instruction to start the lesson may be input from the screen of the display 14 or may be input from the keyboard 12. If there is a lesson start instruction, the process proceeds to step S7. Until there is an instruction to start the lesson, the process proceeds to step S3, so that the display mode can be switched. If the display mode is not switched, step S5 is skipped.
[0025]
In step S7, a lesson start process is performed. In step S8, the key press instruction generated according to the performance data is displayed on the display 14 in the display mode. In step S9, the musical sounds included in the performance data, that is, the accompaniment sounds and the metronome sounds are reproduced. The reproduced sound can be generated using the sound source device 24 or the sound system 22 of the keyboard instrument 2. In step S10, the performance result of the player is input to the personal computer 1. This is for updating the performance evaluation and the pointer for instructing the key press. Steps S8 to S10 are preferably performed by timer interrupt processing.
[0026]
In steps S11 and S12, as in steps S4 and S5, processing relating to switching of the display mode by the display mode switch is performed.
[0027]
In step S13, it is determined whether or not the scheduled lesson has been completed, that is, whether or not the reproduction of the performance data of the selected practice song has been completed. If all the performances have been performed according to the scheduled performance data, the result of step S13 is affirmative, and the process proceeds to step S14.
[0028]
In step S14, the performance result is determined. The result is determined based on the degree of coincidence of the performance result with the musical sound information of the performance data. The judgment target is a pitch, a sound length, a velocity, a key pressing timing, and the like.
[0029]
In step S15, the results are displayed on the display 14. Display examples of the results will be described later with reference to FIGS. The display mode can be switched during the result display. That is, in Steps S16 and S17, as in Steps S4 and S5, processing relating to switching of the display mode by the display mode switch is performed.
[0030]
In step S18, it is determined whether to display the lesson menu. The lesson menu display switch is displayed on the display 14 together with the result display. Operate the lesson menu display switch to specify the units to be practiced or to check the performance of each unit. If the lesson menu display switch has been operated, step S18 becomes affirmative and the process proceeds to step S3. If the lesson menu display switch has not been operated, the process proceeds to step S19 to determine whether to end the lesson. The instruction to end the lesson can be displayed on the display 14 together with the result display. If there is an instruction to end the lesson, the processing of this flowchart ends.
[0031]
As described above, the display mode designation of the key press instruction included in the performance data can be switched at any time at the start of the lesson, during the lesson, or at the time of displaying the score.
[0032]
When the key press instruction display mode is switched, the key press instruction display mode set in the performance data is updated with the switched key press instruction display mode. Therefore, the key press instruction when the practice song selected this time is selected next is displayed according to the key press instruction display mode updated here.
[0033]
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example in which the lesson menu is displayed in the score view mode. The current clef, key signature, and time signature are arranged on the left side of the screen, and the score displayed on the right side thereof is scrolled from right to left. The screen may be scrolled to display other parts of the song, but instead of scrolling the screen, the song part or the whole may be displayed arbitrarily by enlarging or reducing the display width. For example, the screen can be enlarged or reduced by operating the “+” and “−” buttons at the lower left of the screen. With respect to the musical score for 12 bars displayed on the display 14, units of different sizes are set for each grade (1) to (5).
[0034]
Grades (1), (2), (3), (4), and (5) are set in order from the one with the highest performance proficiency, and units of different sizes are set according to each grade. For example, the lowest grade (5) constitutes one unit with two measures, and the next higher grade (4) constitutes one unit with four measures. Thus, as the grade increases, the number of measures constituting one unit increases.
[0035]
The lesson menu is not only a display of units to be practiced next, but also a grade table that allows the performance based on the performance results to be seen at a glance. That is, when the performance of the designated unit ends, the performance result is compared with the performance data to determine the score. Then, the grade is displayed on the lesson menu with characters indicating the rank, and the units that do not meet the passing criteria are designated again.
[0036]
In the example of FIG. 4, the practice of the unit U1 composed of the first measure and the second measure of the grade (5) is completed, and the unit U2 composed of the third measure and the fourth measure is displayed as the unit to be practiced next. . The result is displayed for the unit that has finished playing. The results are displayed in the order of rank in the letters S, A, B, C, D. For the units U1 and U3 that have passed the pass criteria, a rank “S” and a band indicating pass are displayed. However, this ranking is an example, and the classification of the rank can be set arbitrarily, and the passing criterion can be increased as the grade increases. If the passing criteria are not reached, the unit designation is not updated and the same unit is designated again.
[0037]
In the mode in which the units are automatically specified, the units that have not reached the passing score and that are to be played early in the same grade are specified.
[0038]
Since units having the same musical tone information are collectively managed, for example, when the unit U1 reaches a passing score in the figure, from the ninth and tenth measures having the same musical tone information as the unit U1. The unit U3 is also practiced, that is, the result is changed to the display of the grade. Therefore, repeated practice of a trained unit is avoided.
[0039]
The performance data of the designated unit is reproduced, and a key pressing instruction as described later is displayed on the display 14 based on the performance data. According to the display of the key pressing instruction, the player can repeatedly practice until the proficiency of the performance is increased for each unit, that is, until a predetermined pass judgment is made.
[0040]
If all the units are judged to be acceptable for the currently practiced grade, a unit having a larger size in the grade above is designated, and the performance data is reproduced. For example, if the grade (5) passes, the program proceeds to the grade (4) and the unit U4 is designated to reproduce the performance data. In Grade (4), you will practice twice as many measures as Grade (5). The higher the grade, the higher the difficulty level, ie, the tempo, and the pass criteria, so that more advanced practice can be performed according to the proficiency level.
[0041]
On the other hand, when practicing in the manual mode, the performance data can be reproduced by specifying an arbitrary unit, so that the user can repeatedly practice until the user is satisfied. However, even in the manual mode, if it is possible to specify a unit arbitrarily arbitrarily, the result of the practice is unlikely to be improved. Therefore, for example, it is preferable that the grade cannot be increased until the grade reaches the passing score. That is, until all the units in the grade reach the passing score, only the unit in the current grade can be designated, and the unit of the higher grade cannot be designated.
[0042]
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example in which the lesson menu is displayed in another display format (piano roll view mode). FIG. 5 shows an example of a lesson menu in which a musical score is represented by a keyboard graphic and a mark corresponding to the keyboard graphic. A keyboard figure is arranged at the bottom of the screen, and a mark M having a length corresponding to the length of a musical tone is displayed on the keyboard by taking a time axis up and down. The unit for each grade is displayed on the right side of the mark M.
[0043]
In FIG. 5, the unit including the first to fourth measures of grade (5) passes, and the unit including the fifth to eighth measures is rejected (rank D) and is composed of the fifth and sixth measures again. Unit is specified.
[0044]
Which of the above two types of lesson menu display modes to use is set in the performance data in advance, similarly to the key press instruction display mode. However, the superimpose mode is not used in the lesson menu.
[0045]
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example in which a key press instruction is displayed in the musical score view mode. The keyboard graphic K is displayed at the bottom of the screen. A keyboard graphic K may be displayed at the top and bottom of the screen to make it easy to see which key on the keyboard corresponds to the key press instruction. A musical score is shown above the keyboard figure K, and a key pressing timing is shown by a line L1. The musical score is scrolled from right to left, and the musical tone overlapping with the line L1 is the musical tone that should be currently depressed. The position of the key corresponding to this tone is indicated by a mark P1.
[0046]
The musical score may be scrolled by one musical tone when the key is played as indicated, or the line L1 may be moved right until the performance of one measure is completed, and the performance of one measure is changed to the sound as instructed. The screen may be scrolled by one bar where performed at high. The line L1 is also moved in accordance with this scroll.
[0047]
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example in which a key press instruction is displayed in the piano roll view mode. Above the keyboard graphic K displayed at the bottom of the screen, a key press instruction mark M having a length corresponding to a musical tone is displayed in association with a key to be played according to the key press instruction mark. In this example, two measures are simultaneously displayed on one screen, but the size of the screen to be displayed simultaneously can be set in advance. The mark M has a length corresponding to the length of the musical sound and a key width of the keyboard figure K. One key press instruction mark M corresponds to one musical sound, that is, musical score information. The upper and lower screens are the time axis, and the key press instruction mark indicates that the closer to the lower keyboard figure K, the earlier the musical tone to be played. The mark M is scrolled downward. The key to be pressed at present is indicated by mark P2. Line BL is a bar line.
[0048]
The scrolling of the key press instruction mark M is performed when the player plays a key as instructed. The scrolling may be performed at the key release timing. As for the display of the key press instruction, the one described in the specification of Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-352206 filed by the present applicant can be applied. The display of the key pressing instruction is not limited to scrolling, but may be an instruction for the entire song at the same time, or the display may be changed by switching the screen. When scrolling the key press instruction, the speed is arbitrary and may be in accordance with the tempo of the music.
[0049]
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of displaying scores in the score view mode, and the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 6 denote the same or equivalent parts. A check CH is written in a musical tone whose evaluation is not good. On the keyboard graphic K, an annotation for a depressed key whose evaluation is not good is described. This annotation makes it possible to understand that a mistouch has occurred.
[0050]
Further, in order to make the performance result of the player easy to understand, the evaluation of a plurality of elements is shown by a graph G. Evaluation factors include mistouch, rhythm, tempo speed, key press (on) timing, key release (off) timing, and dynamic expression.
[0051]
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example in which the results are displayed in the piano roll view mode, and the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 7 denote the same or equivalent parts. In addition, the evaluation of the same grade as FIG. 8 is described.
[0052]
FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a display example of the superimpose mode in which the display of the piano roll view mode is overwritten on the display of the score view mode. The length of the musical tone displayed in the score view mode can be intuitively understood in the piano roll view mode. By comparing both displays, even a beginner who cannot read the score can understand how to play the symbols on the score.
[0053]
FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating another example of the superimpose mode. In this display format, the keyboard graphic K is arranged above, and the staff ST is described in association with the keyboard graphic K. Then, a musical tone and a key press instruction mark M are described on the staff ST. In this way, by displaying the staff notation vertically and corresponding to the keyboard, the relationship between the key position and the staff can be understood, so that the relationship between the musical sound to be played and the key can be well understood.
[0054]
Although the keyboard figures are displayed horizontally long in accordance with the actual playing posture, a well-known staff notation may be prioritized and may be arranged vertically. Also, in the superimpose mode, the performance evaluation may be displayed together.
[0055]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing main functions for switching the key press instruction display mode. The performance data readout instruction unit 3 outputs a readout instruction to the performance data storage unit 4 when a lesson start instruction or a key is pressed at a correct pitch. One event data and one timing data are output from the performance data storage unit 4 in response to the read command. The performance data is sequentially read from the top. The performance data is switched in accordance with the state of the switching unit 5 which switches according to the instruction input by the player. The first key press instruction display unit (score view mode display unit) 6 and the second key press instruction display unit (piano roll mode display unit) 7 and a third key press instruction display section (superimpose mode display section) 8. Further, note data of the event data, that is, data indicating the pitch, is also input to the key press detection unit 9.
[0056]
The key press detection section 9 compares the key press information detected by the detection circuit 23 with the note data, and outputs a detection signal when detecting that a correct key has been played. The first gate (OR) 10a inputs a detection signal to the second gate (AND) 10b when a lesson start instruction is input or when the detection signal is input, and in response to this, a read command is sent to the performance data. The data is input to the storage unit 4.
[0057]
The next performance data is read from the first to third key press instruction display sections 6 to 8 each time a correct key is played by the key press detection section 9, and a predetermined performance data is determined based on the input performance data. A key press instruction is displayed in each mode.
[0058]
In the above embodiment, the three display modes are switched and used. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and it is sufficient that at least one of the score view mode and the piano roll view mode can be selected and used.
[0059]
【The invention's effect】
As is apparent from the above description, according to the first to seventh aspects of the present invention, performance instructions and performance evaluations can be displayed in a plurality of display formats. In particular, in the score view mode, a display suitable for a player who can read music can be performed, and in the piano roll view mode, a display in which even a player who cannot read music can easily understand performance instructions can be performed. By switching these display modes, a player who cannot understand the music score can also learn the correspondence between the mark and the score according to his / her interest. In the superimpose mode, by displaying a plurality of display modes simultaneously, it is possible to directly learn the correspondence between the mark and the score.
[0060]
At the same time, according to the inventions of claims 4 and 5, the evaluation of the performance is displayed in a favorite display form that is easy to understand.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a main part function of a performance learning device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a system configuration diagram of a performance learning device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of the performance learning device.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a lesson menu.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another example of a lesson menu.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a key press instruction in a music score view mode.
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a key press instruction in a piano roll view mode.
FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of a key press instruction in a score view mode including a score display.
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of a key press instruction in a piano roll view mode including a grade display.
FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a key pressing instruction in a superimpose mode.
FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of another key pressing instruction in the superimpose mode.
FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of a main configuration of performance data.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Personal computer, 2 ... Keyboard musical instrument, 3 ... Performance data read-out instruction | indication part, 9 ... Key depression detection part, 4 ... Performance data storage part, 5 ... Switching part, 6 ... 1st key depression instruction display part, 7 ... Second Key pressing instruction display section, 8: Third key pressing instruction display section, 12: Keyboard, 14: Display.

Claims (7)

In a performance self-learning device that displays performance instruction information created based on performance data and gives a performance instruction to a player,
Score view mode display means for displaying performance instruction information in which performance timing information is added to note information arranged on a staff,
Piano roll view mode display means for associating a mark having a length corresponding to the length of a musical tone with a keyboard figure and displaying a performance timing by a distance between the mark and the keyboard figure;
Switching means for arbitrarily selecting one of the score view mode display means and the piano roll view mode display means. 2. The musical score view mode display means according to claim 1, wherein said musical score view mode display means further displays a keyboard graphic, and displays information indicating a key to be currently played on said keyboard graphic. Performance self-study device. 3. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising superimpose mode display means for simultaneously displaying information displayed on said score view mode display means and information displayed on said piano roll view mode display means. Playing self-study equipment. Means for evaluating the performance based on the degree of coincidence of the performance musical tone with the performance instruction,
3. The performance learning apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the score view mode display means and the piano roll view mode display means are configured to display the evaluation together. Means for evaluating the performance based on the degree of coincidence of the performance musical tone with the performance instruction,
The performance self-learning device according to claim 3, wherein the score view mode display means, the piano roll view mode display means, and the superimpose mode display means are configured to display the evaluation together. The score view mode display means and the piano roll view mode display means are configured to add a check to note information or a mark of a tone that could not be played according to a performance instruction, and to display the annotation together. The performance self-learning device according to claim 4. The score view mode display means, the piano roll view mode display means, and the superimpose mode display means add a check to note information or a mark of a musical tone that could not be played according to the performance instruction, and also display the annotation thereof. The self-learning apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that:

Images