JPH11296168A - Performance information evaluating device, its method and recording medium - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To accurately measure the performance timing deviation of a player performing with his/her free tempo without strictly following the tempo of an etude and to evaluate a performance technique based thereon. SOLUTION: A performance data supplying means supplies performance data about an etude. A performed data supplying means supplies performed data when a player performs the etude. An extracting means extracts to which pronounced timing data of the performed data the pronouncing timing data of a certain sound pitch corresponding to the performance data corresponds. An evaluation value calculating means makes the ratio of the extracted pronounced timing data to the pronouncing timing data evaluation value. Since the evaluation value is a relative value that shows how much performed data is deviated from the performance data and is performed, when the evaluation value is different from another value, an evaluating means decides that the player hesitates or makes a mistakes at that place and evaluates performance itself that is performed by the player.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a performance information evaluation apparatus and method for evaluating a performance technique of a musical instrument, and more particularly to a performance technique in which a player plays at a free tempo without being restricted by the tempo of practice music. The present invention relates to a performance information evaluation apparatus and method for evaluating a performance.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in order to evaluate a player's playing technique, the sounding timing generated by each key pressed by the player is sequentially compared with the sounding timing value in practice music data. There was something that quantified the difference. That is, since the practice music data is composed of a MIDI file, the sounding timing of each note, that is, the key pressing timing is clear. By comparing this with the timing at which the player actually presses the key, the two are compared. The deviation time can be measured, and the performance technique of the player is evaluated based on the deviation time.

[0003]

When the performance technique is evaluated in the conventional manner, the performance timing of each pitch is independently evaluated using a value relating to the sound generation timing corresponding to the key depression of each pitch. Therefore, the player must perform at the tempo set in the practice data, or perform at the tempo arbitrarily changed and set by the player. In other words, there was a need to perform according to a metronome that ticks a certain rhythm. Therefore, when the performance tempo of the performer is totally shifted, for example, when the performer performs at a slower tempo than the tempo set in the practice data, the overall performance technique is Evaluation is low. In addition, by setting the tempo lower than that of the user's own technique, the evaluation value of the performance technique can be improved. However, this is only an improvement in the evaluation value, not an evaluation value corresponding to the actual performance technique.

[0004] Furthermore, when a player practices a certain practice song, a part that is technically simple can be played smoothly at a predetermined tempo, and a part that is technically difficult is that the performance speed is high. It falls extremely. Therefore,
Depending on the value of the tempo used to evaluate the performance technique, the evaluation of the performance technique varies, which is not appropriate for the evaluation of the performance technique, and the performance technique cannot be accurately evaluated. there were. In other words, if the tempo value is made faster for simple performances, the evaluation of performance techniques in difficult locations will be extremely low. Conversely, if the tempo value is made slower for difficult performances, it will be easier. It is a contradiction that the reputation of the playing technique in a place is too high. Also, the performer can only play in a form that is tied to the preset tempo, so for beginners etc. where the performance tempo is not constant in simple or difficult places, the performance technique evaluation is evaluated. It is difficult to obtain the performance itself, and there is a problem that the performance practice effect is rather weakened.

According to the present invention, even when a player performs at a free tempo without being restricted by the tempo of a practice music, the deviation of the player's performance timing is accurately measured, and the performance technique is evaluated based on the deviation. It is an object of the present invention to provide a performance information evaluation device and method capable of performing the same. ＄

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a performance information evaluation apparatus according to the present invention, comprising: performance data supply means for supplying performance data serving as a reference; Performance data supply means for supplying data; extraction means for extracting, from the performance data, sound generation timing data corresponding to the sound generation timing data of each pitch in the performance data; An evaluation value calculating means for calculating a ratio between the timing data and the corresponding sound generation timing data and using the calculated data as an evaluation value; and an evaluation for performing the performance evaluation of the performance data with respect to the performance data based on the evaluation value. Means. The performance data is data relating to a practice song that the player wants to practice, and the performance data is data when the player plays the practice song. The performance information evaluation device evaluates the degree of faithful performance of the performer by comparing the performance data with the performance data. At this time, the player does not always press the key exactly as per the performance data, and there may be an erroneous key press or a key press delay. Therefore, the sounding timing data of a certain pitch corresponding to the performance data is extracted by the extracting means. The sound generation timing data corresponding to the sound generation timing data is extracted. The evaluation value calculation means sets a ratio between the extracted sound generation timing data and the sound generation timing data as an evaluation value. Since this evaluation value is a relative value indicating how far the performance data is performed with respect to the performance data, even if the performer performs overall slower than the reference tempo, the performance value is substantially constant. If the performance is performed at the tempo, the values will be the same, indicating that the player has performed a stable performance as a whole.
However, if this evaluation value is different from other values, it can be determined that the player has hesitated or made a mistake at that point, and a weak point in the player's playing technique can be detected. A performance information evaluation device according to the present invention described in claim 2 at the time of filing is an embodiment of the performance information evaluation device according to claim 1, wherein the evaluation means is configured to calculate an average value of the entire evaluation values. The evaluation value is evaluated based on the evaluation value. Since the average value of the entire evaluation values indicates the average tempo of the performer's performance, the evaluation value is evaluated based on the average value, so that the depressed sound deviates from the performer's average performance tempo. Keys and the like can be easily detected. The performance information evaluation device according to the present invention described in claim 3 at the time of filing is an embodiment of the performance information evaluation device according to claim 1, wherein the evaluation means is configured to use two pieces of data before and after the evaluation value. The evaluation value is evaluated by comparing the values. If the later evaluation value suddenly increases compared to the previous evaluation value, it means that the number of erroneous key presses at that location has increased or the key press has been significantly delayed. By performing the evaluation, it is possible to easily detect a key depression that deviates significantly from the current performance tempo. The performance information evaluation method according to the present invention described in claim 4 at the time of filing the application provides a method of producing each pitch in the performance data according to supply of reference performance data and performance data to be evaluated. Extracting sounded timing data corresponding to the timing data from the performance data; calculating a ratio between the sounding timing data of a certain pitch and the sounded timing data corresponding thereto; Performing the performance evaluation of the performance data with respect to the performance data based on the evaluation value. The present invention is an invention of a performance information evaluation method corresponding to the invention described in claim 1 at the time of filing. A recording medium according to the present invention described in claim 5 at the time of filing is a recording medium readable by a machine, and stores therein a group of instructions for a program for controlling performance information evaluation executed by a computer. The program for controlling the performance information evaluation includes a step of supplying reference performance data and performance data to be evaluated, and a sounding timing of each pitch in the performance data. Extracting sounding timing data corresponding to the data from the performance data; calculating a ratio between the sounding timing data of a certain pitch and the sounding timing data corresponding thereto; and using the ratio as an evaluation value And performing a performance evaluation of the performance data with respect to the performance data based on the evaluation value. That.
The present invention relates to a recording medium storing a program related to the invention of the performance information evaluation method according to claim 4 at the time of filing.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 2 is a hardware block diagram showing an embodiment of an electronic musical instrument incorporating a performance information evaluation device and an automatic performance device according to the present invention. In this embodiment, an electronic musical instrument in which a single CPU 21 performs a process related to performance information evaluation will be described as an example. CP
U21 controls the operation of the entire electronic musical instrument. For this CPU 21, a program memory 22, a working memory 23, a mouse detection circuit 25, a key press detection circuit 2D, a switch detection circuit 2F, a display circuit 2H, a sound source circuit 2J, an effect circuit 2K, The external storage device 24, the MIDI interface 2A, the communication interface 27, and the timer 2N are connected.

[0007] The CPU 21 includes various programs and various data in the program memory 22 and the working memory 23.
And the overall operation is controlled based on the musical tone control information (MIDI data) fetched from the external storage device 24.
In this embodiment, the external storage device 24 includes a floppy disk drive, a hard disk drive,
A D-ROM drive, a magneto-optical disk (MO) drive, a ZIP drive, a PD drive, a DVD, or the like may be used. Also, MIDI data or the like may be fetched from another MIDI device 2B or the like via the MIDI interface 2A. The CPU 21 supplies the MIDI data fetched from the external storage device 24 and the MIDI data generated based on the key pressing operation of the keyboard 2C to the tone generator circuit 2J. Note that the tone generation process may be performed using a sound source circuit connected to the outside.

The program memory 22 stores a system-related program of the CPU 21, a plurality of practice music data, various parameters and data, and is composed of a read only memory (ROM). The working memory 23 temporarily stores various data generated when the CPU 21 executes the program.
Predetermined address areas of a random access memory (RAM) are respectively allocated and used as registers and flags. An operation program is stored in the ROM 22.
Instead of storing various data, various data and an arbitrary operation program may be stored in the external storage device 24 such as a CD-ROM drive. External storage device 24
The operation programs and various data stored in the
The data can be transferred and stored in M23 or the like. This allows
New installation and version upgrade of the operation program can be easily performed.

It is to be noted that a connection can be made to various communication networks 28 such as a LAN (local area network), the Internet, and a telephone line via a communication interface 27 so that data can be exchanged with another server computer 29. It may be. Thus, the operation program and various data can be downloaded from the server computer 29. In this case, a command for requesting downloading of an operation program and various data is transmitted from the automatic performance device, which is a musical sound generation device serving as a client, to the server computer 29 via the communication interface 27 and the communication network 28. In response to this command, the server computer 29 transmits a predetermined operation program or data to another automatic performance device via the communication network 28. In automatic performance equipment,
These operation programs and data are received via the communication interface 27, and these programs and data are stored in the RAM 23 or the like. Thus, the download of the operation program and various data is completed.

[0010] The present invention may be implemented by a commercially available personal computer or the like in which an operation program and various data corresponding to the present invention are installed. In that case, the operation program and various data corresponding to the present invention may be provided to the user in a state where the program is stored in a storage medium such as a CD-ROM or a floppy disk which can be read by a personal computer. In addition, the personal computer is a LAN,
When connected to a communication network such as the Internet or a telephone line, an operation program and various data may be provided to a personal computer or the like via the communication network.

The mouse 26 is a pointing device used for a personal computer or the like, and converts an input signal from the mouse 26 into position information by a mouse detection circuit 25 and supplies the position information to the data and address bus 2P. The keyboard 2C has a plurality of keys for selecting a pitch of a musical tone to be produced, has key switches corresponding to each key, and, if necessary, a touch detecting means such as a pressing force detecting device. have. The keyboard 2C is a basic operator for music performance, and it goes without saying that other keyboard operators may be used. The key press detection circuit 2D includes a key switch circuit provided corresponding to each key of the keyboard 2C for designating the pitch of a musical tone to be generated. The key press detection circuit 2D detects a change of the keyboard 2C from the key release state to the key press state and outputs a key-on event, detects a change from the key press state to the key release state and outputs a key-off event, and A note number indicating the key pitch of each key-on event and key-off event is output. Key press detection circuit 2
D also outputs velocity data and after touch data by discriminating a key pressing operation speed and a pressing force at the time of key pressing.

The switch detection circuit 2F is a panel switch 2
E is provided corresponding to each switch group on E, and outputs a switch-on event according to the operation status of each switch group. The switch group on the panel switch 2E includes, for example, a song selection switch for selecting a practice song,
A start switch for supporting the start of the performance, a NEXT switch for proceeding to the next practice part, a BACK switch for returning to the previous practice part, and the like are provided. In addition, it has various controls for selecting, setting, and controlling the tone color, volume, pitch, effect, and the like of the musical tone to be generated. There are many other switches, but they are omitted here. Note that, in addition to these hardware switches, various switches may be displayed on the display so that they can be selected by the mouse 26 using software. The display circuit 2H controls the display contents of the display 2G, and displays a simulated keyboard and key depression.
The display 2G is composed of a liquid crystal display panel (LCD) or the like, and its display operation is controlled by the display circuit 2H.

The tone generator 2J is capable of simultaneously generating musical tone signals on a plurality of channels, receives performance information (data conforming to the MIDI standard) provided via an address bus 2P, and generates a musical tone based on this information. Generate a signal.
In the tone generator circuit 2J, a tone signal can be simultaneously generated on a plurality of channels by using one circuit in a time-division manner to form a plurality of tone channels, or one tone channel is constituted by one circuit. It may be of the type as described below. Also, any tone signal generation method in the tone generator circuit 2J may be used.

The effect circuit 2K gives various effects to the tone signal from the tone generator 2J, and outputs the tone signal with the effect to the sound system 2L. The tone signal to which the effect is given by the effect circuit 2K is generated through a sound system 2L including an amplifier and a speaker. The timer 2N generates a tempo clock pulse for counting a time interval and setting a tempo of automatic accompaniment. The frequency of the tempo clock pulse is adjusted by a tempo switch (not shown) in the switch group. The tempo clock pulse from the timer is CP
Given as an interrupt instruction to U21, CP
U21 executes various processes at the time of automatic performance by interrupt processing.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration example of practice music data and performance data. FIG. 3A shows a configuration example of practice music data, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration example of performance data that has been performed, that is, performance data to be evaluated. One piece of practice music data includes initial setting data and music data. The initial setting data is composed of various data relating to tone color, tempo, volume and effect setting data. Various other information is stored in the initial setting data, but is omitted here. The music data is composed of sounding data composed of a combination of timing data, key-on data, pitch data, and velocity data, and silencing data composed of a combination of timing data, key-off data, and pitch data. These sounding data and silencing data are sequentially stored according to the music to be played, and constitute music data. The performance data is the same as the music data except that there is no velocity data.

The timing data is data indicating a time between events. The key-on data is data indicating a key-on event. The key-off data is data indicating a key-off event. The pitch data is data relating to a pitch that has been keyed on or off. The velocity data is data relating to the volume of a sound to be generated. Note that, in the music data, other event data relating to pitch bend, volume control, and the like also exist, but are omitted here.

Next, a first embodiment, which is an example of the processing of the performance information evaluation device executed by the CPU 21, will be described with reference to a specific example of the performance evaluation value in FIG. 1, a conceptual diagram of practice music data and performance data in FIG. The description will be made based on the flowcharts of FIGS. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a main flow of the performance information evaluation device. In step 51, an initial setting process is performed. In this initial setting process, an operation of selecting a practice song, an operation of displaying the whole or a part of the musical score corresponding to the selected practice song, and the like are performed. In the next step 52, it is determined whether the practice start button has been operated and an instruction to start the practice has been given. Steps 53 to 56 are the initial setting processing accompanying the training start instruction of step 52,
The key press / release key generation timing buffer TIME is set to "0", and the run flag RUN is set to permit the interrupt processing.
Is set to “1”, and as a designated pitch (note) indicating a sound to be currently pressed on the score displayed on the display unit,
The color of the first note of the displayed practice music score is set to a color different from the colors of other notes, and processing such as securing a recording area for performance and evaluation data is performed. The key press / release key generation timing buffer TIME is a buffer for measuring a time interval of each operation when a player performs a key press operation or a key release operation. In the present embodiment, the color of the note to be pressed on the display unit is sequentially changed in accordance with the performance of the player. In addition, initialization processing of each flag and buffer is performed, but is omitted. Step 57 is a process repeated until the running flag RUN becomes “0”. Here, the running flag RUN is a flag indicating whether or not the execution of the interrupt processing is currently permitted. If "1", the performance practice based on the practice music data is permitted, and if "0", the performance practice is permitted. Indicates permission or rejection. Therefore, the performance information evaluation apparatus performs the processing shown in FIG. 6 described later until the running flag RUN becomes 0 in this step 57, that is, until the interruption is permitted.
Is executed at a predetermined interrupt timing, and the performance data of the player is sequentially stored in a predetermined storage area.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of an interruption process performed by the performance information evaluation apparatus of the present embodiment. This interrupt processing is to execute sound generation, mute, and determination processing corresponding to a player's key press operation and key release operation at each time corresponding to the clock timing. In this embodiment, since the length of a quarter note is eight clocks, one quarter note is one time.
A bar is equivalent to 32 clocks. In this automatic performance interruption processing, first, at step 61, it is determined whether or not the running flag RUN is "1", and when it is "1", all processing is performed, and other processing is not performed. I have. If it is determined in step 62 that there is a key operation, it is determined in step 63 whether the operation is a key-on (key-pressing) operation or a key-release (key-off) operation. In the case of a key-on operation, the processing of steps 64 to 69 is performed, and in the case of a key release operation, the processing of steps 6A to 6F is executed.

If it is determined in step 63 that the key-on operation has been performed, the key-on sound generation process is performed in step 64. If the pitch of the operation key matches the current instruction pitch in the determination in step 65, The color of the currently indicated pitch on the display unit is changed, and nothing is done if they do not match. Then, in steps 67 and 68, the value of the key press / release key generation timing buffer TIME, the key-on event data, and the pitch data are written into the predetermined positions of the performance data. Then, at step 69, the key press / release key generation timing buffer T is prepared for the next key on / off operation.
The IME is reset, and in step 6G, the value of the key press / release key generation timing buffer TIME is incremented by one, and the interrupt processing ends. In the case where the indicating sound to be pressed is a chord, it is considered that the pitch of the operation key matches the indicating sound when all the constituent sounds of the chord are pressed.
In this case, it is assumed that the key pressing order of each tone of the chord component is not specified.

On the other hand, if it is determined in step 63 that the operation is a key-off operation, if a sound corresponding to a key release is being generated in step 6A, the sound is silenced. Then, in step 6B, it is determined whether or not the pitch corresponding to the key for which the key-off operation has been performed is equivalent to the final tone of the practice music data.
If it corresponds to the final sound, the running flag RUN is set to "0" to stop the interrupt processing. If it is not the final sound, the processing of step 6C is skipped and steps 6D to 6D
By the processing in step 6G, the value of the key-release key generation timing buffer TIME, the key-off event data, and the pitch are written in predetermined positions of the performance data, and the performance data relating to the mute data are created. Is reset, the value of the key press / release key generation timing buffer TIME is incremented by 1, and the interrupt processing ends.

FIG. 4 conceptually shows a part of the practice music data selected by the player and a part of the performance data when the player plays the practice music data.
FIG. 4A shows practice music data, and FIG. 4B shows performance data. The black circles in FIG. 4A indicate the sound generation timing, the black circles in FIG. 4B indicate the key press timing of the correct sound, the black triangles indicate the erroneous key presses, and the alphabets indicate the pitch (key number). Hereinafter, a case will be described in which a player performs as shown in FIG. 4B using the practice music data as shown in FIG. 4A as a model. In FIG. 4, the key-off event is omitted.

According to the practice music data shown in FIG. 4A, the performance intervals of the key number A and the key number B, the key number B and the key number C, the key number C and the key number D are equivalent to 16 clocks, and the key number D and the key number are equivalent. The performance interval between E, key number E and key number F is equivalent to 8 clocks. It is assumed that a performance operation as shown in FIG. 4B is performed by the player under such practice music data. First, the player presses the key of key number A two clocks later than the start of practice. Then key number B
To F are sequentially pressed. An erroneous key press x occurs at a time equivalent to 22 clocks after the key number B is depressed, and an erroneous key press y occurs at an elapse of 4 clocks thereafter.
An erroneous key press z occurs at a position corresponding to two clocks before the key press of the key number F. During the performance operation as described above, FIG.
By the interruption processing, the performance data corresponding to FIG. 4B is sequentially stored.

Returning to the description of the main flow of FIG. 5, when storage of the performance data is completed, YES is determined in step 57 and the operation proceeds to step 58. Step 58
This is a process of evaluating the stored performance data in accordance with the contents of the practice music data, the details of which are shown in FIG. How the performance data of FIG. 4B is evaluated by the processing of step 58 will be described based on a specific example of the evaluation value of FIG. FIG. 1 shows what kind of evaluation value the performance data of FIG.
How it is determined is shown by specific numerical values. In this embodiment, the evaluation value is created for the key-on timing of each pitch of the practice music data, and the key-off is not evaluated. First, in step 71, the total value of the timing values (the number of clocks) of the performance data is evaluated as an evaluation value for the head pitch until the same pitch as the head pitch of the practice music data occurs in the performance data. Remember. In this step 71, the sounding timing of the leading sound is evaluated differently from other pitches that follow. For example, if the key pressed corresponding to the leading pitch is not performed within a predetermined number of clocks according to the value of the occurrence timing measured in this step,
It is considered that the performer does not know the start timing of the performance, and a special practice regarding the start timing of the performance may be performed. Therefore, for the key depression of the key number A in FIG. 4B, the value "2" of two clocks, which is the leading timing value, is stored as the evaluation value in FIG.

Steps 72 to 74 are the same as those in FIG.
The key-on / off timing value and pitch corresponding to the second note are stored in the corresponding buffers from the practice music data as shown in FIG. 3A and the performance data as shown in FIG. 3B. Practice song data timing buffer TIME
1 stores the number of clocks between key-ons corresponding to successive pitches in the practice music data. The practice music data pitch buffer TONE1 stores the pitches in the practice music data currently being evaluated. The performance data timing buffer TIME2 stores the number of clocks between correct answer key-ons existing before and after in the performance data. The performance data pitch buffer TONE2 sequentially reads out and stores the pitch data in the performance data.

In step 75, it is determined whether or not the practice music data pitch buffer TONE1 is equal to the performance data pitch buffer TONE2 in order to obtain an evaluation value only for the pitch corresponding to the pitch string of the practice music data. Only when they are equal, the processing of steps 76 to 79 is performed, and when they are not equal, the processing of step 7A is performed, and the subsequent key-on / key-off timing value in the performance data is added to the performance data timing buffer TIME2. As a result, the performance data timing buffer TIME2 contains
Since the time interval between the occurrences of the correct tone used until each correct pitch is pressed is stored, it is possible to determine which pitch the player is hesitant in pressing the key, It becomes possible to detect a weak point in the playing technique of the player.

Then, in step 75, TONE1 and TO
When NE2 is determined to be equal, the following step 76
The subsequent processing is performed. In step 76, a value obtained by dividing the value of the performance data timing buffer TIME2 by the practice music data timing buffer TIME1 is sequentially stored in a predetermined storage area together with the result flag "0" as an evaluation value at the sounding timing. Reset the contents of the buffers TIME1 and TIME2. Then, it is determined in step 78 whether or not the next key-on exists in the practice music data.
In the case of (S), the process proceeds to the next step 79, and otherwise (N
In the case of (O), the process proceeds to the result extraction process in step 7B. If the key-on continues to exist in the practice music data, in step 79 the next key-on / off timing value and pitch in the practice music data are stored in the practice music data timing buffer TI.
ME1 and the practice music data pitch buffer TIME1 respectively. Then, in step 7A, the subsequent key-on / off timing value in the performance data is added to the performance data timing buffer TIME2, and the process returns to step 74. As a result, the pitches in the performance data are sequentially examined for the pitches corresponding to the pitches of the practice music data, and their evaluation values are sequentially calculated. By the above processing, FIG.
An evaluation value as shown in FIG. 1 is obtained from the performance data (B), and is stored together with the result flag “0” in association with each key number. (The description of the result flag will be described later.)

In step 7B, a result extraction process as shown in FIG. 8 or 9 is performed. The result extraction processing of FIG.
The average value of the evaluation values as shown in FIG. 1 is calculated, and the pitch corresponding to the evaluation value having a value larger than the average value is determined as a miss sound (a place where hesitation occurs when a performance key is pressed). Is what you do. A value obtained by multiplying the average value by a predetermined coefficient may be used. First, in the first step 81, the second evaluation value position excluding the evaluation value of the head sound is set as the current read position. This is to evaluate the sounding timing for pitches other than the first pitch, and the second stored evaluation value corresponding to the second pitch is the target of this result extraction. As described above, the sounding timing of the leading pitch is evaluated by a method different from the result extracting method. In step 82, the average value of all evaluation values other than the evaluation value corresponding to the leading pitch is calculated. This average value is close to the value obtained by estimating the tempo relating to the performance of the player. For example, as shown in FIG. 1 (A), when the average of the evaluation values is 1.525, the performer generally plays the practice music with a slowness corresponding to about two-thirds of the standard tempo. This means that the performance operation was performed at the tempo.

When the average value of the evaluation values is obtained as described above, the values of the evaluation values are sequentially read out in step 83, and the read evaluation value and the average value are compared and determined in step 84. If the evaluation value is larger than the average value, the result flag is set to "1" in step 85, and in step 86, it is determined whether there is an evaluation value.
A series of processing in step 85 is performed for all evaluation values. In the case of FIG. 1A, the evaluation value of the key number C is 2.
0 and larger than the average value of 1.525, the key number C
Is "1". Thus, “0” or “1” is set in the result flag of each evaluation value. When the result flag is "1", it means that the evaluation value corresponding to each pitch is larger than the average value, and the pitch corresponding to the evaluation value is pressed at a tempo slower than the performer's average playing tempo. Means Therefore, the result flag is "1"
Means that the performer is confused, hesitant, or weak at the performance of his / her own tempo, and can perform appropriate evaluation .

The result extraction processing of FIG.
The two evaluation values adjacent to the front and rear of the evaluation value calculated as shown in FIG. 1 and stored in a predetermined area as shown in FIG. 1 are sequentially compared, and the rear evaluation value is compared with the front evaluation value. A pitch corresponding to a portion having a value equal to or more than a predetermined multiple is determined as a miss sound (a place where hesitation occurs when a performance key is pressed). First, in the first step 91, FIG.
Similarly to step 81, the second evaluation value position excluding the evaluation value of the head sound is set as the current read position.
In step 92, one evaluation value is read, that is, 2
Reads out the evaluation value and stores it in the previous evaluation value buffer O-
VAL is set, and the read position is advanced by one. Then, in the next step 93, similarly, one evaluation value is read out, set to the current evaluation value buffer N-VAL, and the read position is advanced by one. As a result, the previous and next evaluation values are stored in the previous evaluation value buffer O-VAL and the current evaluation value buffer N-VAL.
To determine whether the value of the current evaluation value buffer N-VAL is greater than 1.3 times the value of the previous evaluation value buffer O-VAL. That is, a case where the current evaluation value increases by more than 30% of the immediately preceding evaluation value is regarded as a hesitant sound (sound having a performance problem), and the result corresponding to the read evaluation value is used. Set the flag to “1”. FIG. 1 (B)
In the case of the evaluation value shown in FIG. 7, the allowable value of the key number C is 1.95, whereas the actual evaluation value of the key number C is 2.0, so that the result flag of the key number C is “1”.
Becomes Then, the current evaluation value buffer N is prepared for the next processing.
-Set the value of VAL in the pre-evaluation value buffer O-VAL. Then, while determining whether or not there is an evaluation value in step 97, a series of processing in steps 93 to 96 is performed on all the evaluation values. As a result, “0” or “1” is set in the result flag of each evaluation value. If the result flag is “1”, it means that the value of the evaluation value is suddenly increasing, which means that erroneous key pressing frequently occurs, or that the key pressing operation is simply delayed. Therefore, the location where the result flag is “1” means that the player is confused, hesitant, or weak in the performance of the performance, and appropriate evaluation can be performed. .

Then, returning to the main flow of FIG. 5 again,
When the processing of steps 52 to 58 is completed,
In step 59, processing for reproducing practice music data (model performance), processing for performing special practice based on the evaluation result, and processing for displaying the evaluation result on the display screen are performed. Here, in the special practice, a section that the player is not good at (missed) is extracted based on the evaluation result, and the practice is repeated. Also, the pitches included in the weak section are all 4
Practice by displaying note sequences that are sequentially arranged in note lengths. According to this, the key pressing timing can be simplified and the way of carrying the finger can be trained. In addition, the score of the weak section is displayed,
User's tap input (keyboard of predetermined area, predetermined pad,
The automatic performance of the weak section is reproduced in accordance with the operation timing of the predetermined switch. Thus, it is possible to perform training for obtaining the sounding timing without worrying about the key pressing position. Furthermore, by displaying the finger numbers corresponding to the finger movements in the weak zone sequentially and pressing the corresponding keys sequentially, it is possible to practice using the fingers like a game, so that you can get tired of the practice. Can also. In addition, by displaying the evaluation result on the display screen, it is possible to recognize the place where the user made a mistake and to encourage the user to practice the place where the mistake has been made. A key press error sound on the displayed musical score may be highlighted by changing the color or the like, or a musical score corresponding to the performer's performance may be associated with a practice musical score. Recorded performance data (and practice music data) corresponding to the performer's performance
May be played so that the player can hear his or her performance (compare with the practice music). (At that time, it is conceivable that the mistake is emphasized by increasing the velocity, etc.)

In the above-described embodiment, an electronic musical instrument incorporating a tone generator circuit, an automatic performance device, and a performance information evaluation device has been described. However, the electronic musical instrument is connected to a personal computer and pressed on a display of the personal computer. The musical score to be locked may be displayed, or the panel switch of FIG. 2 may be substituted by a keyboard of a personal computer. In the above-described embodiment, a case has been described in which performance information evaluation is performed on one piece of practice music data. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and it may be possible to evaluate accompaniment data. In addition, it may be possible to evaluate only a desired section of the practice music data, or to evaluate performance information of a desired part (for example, a chord performance part or the like) in the accompaniment data. At this time, for example, performance information evaluation of a plurality of parts such as a melody performance and a chord progression performance related to a piano performance may be performed at the same time. Not limited to keyboard instruments, string instruments, wind instruments, percussion instruments and the like may be used. Not only electronic musical instruments with built-in sound source device, automatic performance device, etc., each is a separate device,
Each device may be connected using communication means such as MIDI or various networks.

The format of the practice music data and performance data is "event + absolute time" in which the time of the performance event is represented by the absolute time in the music or bar, the pitch and note length of the note, or the rest and rest length. A so-called "pitch (rest) + note length" representing performance data or a so-called performance area in which a memory area is secured for each minimum resolution of performance and a memory area corresponding to the time when the performance event occurs is stored. It goes without saying that the present invention may be configured in any form such as "solid system". The automatic performance data may be in a format in which data of a plurality of channels are mixed, or in a format in which data of each channel is divided for each track.

In the above-described embodiment, only the determination relating to the delay of the player's key-pressing operation is performed. In addition to this, the determination when the player's key-pressing operation is performed earlier may be incorporated. Good. For example, in the result extraction processing, the pitch corresponding to the evaluation value smaller than the average value may be extracted as a missed sound that has been depressed and depressed.
Also, the practice music data in which only one sound occurs at one sounding timing has been described, but the present invention may be applied to practice data in which a plurality of sounds occur at one timing such as a chord. In this case, for example, the timing of the sounding of the chord component sound is determined by using the timing of the first depressed key in the chord component sound, and the time interval between the chord and the succeeding sound is used as the time interval of the chord component sound. A method is conceivable in which a value from the timing corresponding to the last key pressed to the timing at which the next key is pressed is used. If not all of the chord constituent sounds are depressed within a predetermined time, the chord is regarded as a miss sound, and the timing value of the next sound is determined from the last timing of the predetermined time to the key depressing time of the next sound. The following method is also conceivable. In addition to the practice music data (and performance data) for one track,
It goes without saying that the embodiment described above may be applied to practice music data (and performance data) composed of a plurality of tracks.

In the above-described embodiment, a case has been described in which information relating to velocity is not stored in performance data. However, information relating to velocity is also stored as performance data, and this information is used for evaluating a user's performance. Is also good. Further, the silencing data in the performance data described in the embodiment may not be recorded.

In the above embodiment, the information on the erroneous key press is not stored as the evaluation data, but the information on the erroneous key press (for example, the number of erroneous key presses made between two The pitch of an erroneously depressed key or the like may be stored, and this information may be used to evaluate the performance of the player. Further, the method of obtaining the evaluation value is not limited to the method in this embodiment, but may be any calculation method. That is, a value that can compare the tone generation timing values of the pitches corresponding to the practice music data and the performance data may be calculated. In addition, together with each evaluation value, data indicating the pitch corresponding to the evaluation value may be recorded. The determination of the mistake sound in the evaluation value may be performed by a method other than the method of setting a flag as in this embodiment. For example, information including how much delay has occurred may be recorded for each evaluation value.

In the above-described embodiment, the case where the performance of the player is recorded once and the evaluation process is performed has been described. However, the evaluation process may be sequentially performed in real time simultaneously with the performance of the player. In such a method, the result extraction may be performed by a method such as the result extraction processing in FIG. 9, and the number of sounds determined as mistaken sounds becomes equal to or more than a predetermined number, or the correct key is pressed within a predetermined time. An evaluation method that interrupts the performance when it is not performed may be introduced.

In the above-described embodiment, a case has been described in which sound generation processing is performed for all sounds depressed by the performer. However, sound generation processing is performed only when a key corresponding to the pitch of the practice music data is depressed. May be implemented.

In the above-described embodiment, the evaluation regarding the key-on timing is performed using the time interval between two key-ons. However, the evaluation regarding the key-off timing (evaluation such as the key-off timing is delayed or too early).
May be implemented.

In the result extraction processing of FIG. 8, the miss sound is estimated on the basis of the average value of all evaluation values. However, the present invention is not limited to this. However, it is also possible to use a value that is included most, or an average value that is calculated after excluding values with clearly large and small evaluation values.

In the result extraction process shown in FIG. 9, the predetermined value for determining a miss sound from two preceding and succeeding evaluation values is fixed, but the predetermined value for this determination may be freely set. . With this setting, it is possible to make the mistake sound judgment stricter or easier,
The player can set a judgment level suitable for his or her performance skill level.

[0041]

According to the present invention, even when the player performs at a free tempo without being bound by the tempo of the practice music, the deviation of the player's performance timing is accurately measured, and the performance is performed based on the deviation. There is an effect that technology can be evaluated.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a specific example of an evaluation value obtained by a performance information evaluation device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a hardware configuration block diagram showing an embodiment of an electronic musical instrument incorporating a performance information evaluation device and an automatic performance device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration example of practice music data and performance data.

FIG. 4 is a diagram conceptually showing a part of practice music data selected by a player and a part of performance data when the player plays the practice music data.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a main flow of the performance information evaluation device according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of an interrupt process performed by the performance information evaluation device of the embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing details of the evaluation processing of FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of a result extraction process of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating another example of the result extraction processing of FIG. 7;

[Explanation of symbols]

21 CPU, 22 ROM, 23 RAM, 24 external storage device, 25 mouse detection circuit, 26 mouse, 2
7 communication interface, 28 communication network,
29 server computer, 2A MIDI interface, 2B other MIDI equipment, 2C keyboard, 2D ...
Key press detection circuit, 2E panel switch, 2F switch detection circuit, 2G display, 2H display circuit, 2J
... sound source circuit, 2K ... effect circuit, 2L ... sound system, 2P ... address and data bus

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. Performance data supply means for supplying performance data as a reference, performance data supply means for supplying performance data to be evaluated, and sounding timing data for each pitch in the performance data Extracting means for extracting the sound-producing timing data corresponding to the sound-producing data from the performance data, calculating the ratio between the sound-producing timing data of a certain pitch and the corresponding sound-producing timing data, and using the ratio as an evaluation value. A performance information evaluation apparatus, comprising: an evaluation value calculation unit; and an evaluation unit that performs performance evaluation of the performance data with respect to the performance data based on the evaluation value. 2. The performance information evaluation device according to claim 1, wherein the evaluation unit evaluates the evaluation value based on an average value of the entire evaluation value. 3. The performance information evaluation device according to claim 1, wherein the evaluation unit evaluates the evaluation value by comparing two values before and after the evaluation value. 4. According to the supply of reference performance data and performance data to be evaluated, the sound generation timing data corresponding to the tone generation timing data of each pitch in the performance data is stored in the performance data. And calculating the ratio between the sounding timing data at a certain pitch and the corresponding sounding timing data, and using the ratio as an evaluation value. Performance evaluation of the performance data with respect to the performance data Performing based on the evaluation value. 5. A recording medium readable by a machine, having, as its storage content, a group of instructions for a program for controlling performance information evaluation executed by a computer, and controlling the performance information evaluation. Supplying the performance data as a reference and the performance data to be evaluated; and outputting the performance timing data corresponding to the performance timing data of each pitch in the performance data. Extracting from the inside; calculating the ratio of the sounding timing data of a certain pitch to the corresponding sounding timing data; and setting the ratio as an evaluation value; and performing the performance data with respect to the performance data. Performing an evaluation based on the evaluation value.