JP4743615B2 - Electronic musical instrument with practice function - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument with a practice function, and more particularly, to an electronic musical instrument with a practice function suitable for efficiently practicing a place where the performance is wrong.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an electronic musical instrument with a practice function that can determine whether a sample song and a performance song match or not is known. For example, in the electronic musical instrument described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-219535, when performance data comparing means compares automatic performance data with manual performance data, and a mismatch between the two is detected, the portion corresponding to the detected portion Partial practice pattern control means is provided for instructing performance operations based on the practice pattern data.

In addition, the karaoke apparatus described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-34278 stores the reproduction address data when the degree of coincidence between the model vocal signal and the signal when singing exceeds a predetermined range. Means for reproducing the signal portion of the accompaniment sound corresponding to the reproduction address.
JP 7-219535 A JP 2001-34278 A

  In the electronic musical instrument and the karaoke apparatus described in Patent Literatures 1 and 2, if the performance is wrong, the portion can be practiced repeatedly. However, with these devices, all the parts that are recognized as having been played wrong are repeated, and there are cases where the number of repeated parts increases and practice cannot be performed efficiently. For example, if a mistaken part of many mistakes is automatically selected and repeated, or if the player can set the number of repetitions, etc., the practice effect will be further improved, and improvement is required. ing.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an electronic musical instrument with a performance practice function that can more effectively repeatedly practice a wrong part when a performance is mistaken in view of the above requirements.

In order to solve the above problems and achieve the object, the present invention collates the key press information of a performance performed in accordance with a practice instruction based on the sample performance information (for example, automatic performance based on the sample performance information) with the sample performance information. In the electronic musical instrument with a practice function capable of performing the performance error determination, the sample performance information storage means for storing the sample performance information and the ratio of the number of errors in the performance section set in advance by the error determination An error interval detecting means for detecting a performance interval that is equal to or greater than a reference value as an error interval; and the sample performance information storage when the error interval detecting means detects that the ratio of the number of errors is equal to or greater than the reference value swatches performance information on the unit, comprises a repeat section information insertion means for inserting a repeat section information in the performance period corresponding to the error interval, repeat the finger There is first characterized in that the repeat section information in response sets a playing interval is inserted as the repeat section, and configured to perform repeated the training instruction of the repeat section to.

  In addition, the present invention has a second feature in that the number of repetitions of the practice instruction is determined according to the number of error sections and the number of error sections in the first practice. A third feature is that the practice instruction is terminated when the set value is reached, or when a repeat instruction is issued again during repetition of the practice instruction according to the repeat instruction. A fourth feature is that the number of repetitions of the practice instruction can be preset by the practitioner.

  Further, the present invention has a fifth feature in that when a repeat instruction is input during a practice instruction and there are a plurality of error sections, the repeat section extends from the first error section to the end of the sample music. .

  Further, the present invention has a sixth feature in that when a repeat instruction is input after the practice instruction is completed and there are a plurality of error sections, the repeat section is set from the first error section to the last error section. .

  The seventh feature of the present invention is that when a repeat instruction is input after the end of the practice instruction and there are a plurality of error sections, the plurality of error sections are displayed, and the repeat section can be selected by the instruction. is there.

  According to the present invention having the above characteristics, a section having a certain difference or more, for example, a measure, can be recorded on the sample performance information as an error section between the sample music and the performance of the practitioner. You can practice the section with the record (error section information) again in response to the repeat instruction.

  In particular, according to the second to fourth characteristics, the repetition of the practice is determined by the skill level of the performance, the skill level judgment result of the first performance, or by the judgment of the practitioner, so that efficient practice is performed. be able to.

  According to the fifth feature, when there is a repeat instruction during the practice instruction and there are a plurality of error sections, it is possible to practice again from the first error section.

  According to the sixth feature, when there is a repeat instruction after the end of the practice instruction, that is, after the completion of the performance, and there are a plurality of error sections, not the end of the song but the last error section You can practice efficiently up to the error section.

  According to the seventh feature, an error section is displayed, and a section arbitrarily selected by the practitioner can be practiced intensively.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a hardware configuration of an electronic musical instrument with a practice function according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, an electronic musical instrument 1 is an electronic piano, for example, and includes a keyboard 2 and an operation panel 3. The keyboard 2 includes a key sensor (not shown) that detects key press / release, and outputs the performance of the performer as performance information (including key number and velocity) in real time.

  The operation panel 3 includes an operation switch 3a and a display 3b. The keyboard 2 is connected to the bus 5 via the key scan circuit 4, the operation switch 3 a of the operation panel 3 is connected to the bus 5 via the panel scan circuit 6, and the display 3 b is connected to the bus 5 via the display circuit 7. The operation switch 3a includes a switch for selecting a timbre, rhythm and the like set on the keyboard 2, and also includes a lesson mode switch and a repeat switch for repeating automatic performance as a sample in the lesson mode. The indicator 3b is an LED indicator or an LCD (liquid crystal display), and can display a screen for repeated selection of practice to be described later.

  A CPU 8 that executes processing according to instructions input from the keyboard 2 and the operation panel 3 is provided. Is done. The assignment memory 11 can also be configured integrally with the RAM 9.

  The ROM 10 stores programs and fixed data for the CPU 8 to perform various processes. Musical sound waveform data and envelope waveform data may be stored in the ROM 10. The RAM 9 stores data whose values change such as various processing data.

  A sound source 12 that outputs a musical sound signal based on the data processed by the CPU 8 is connected to the bus 5, and the sound source 12 is connected to the sound system 13. A plurality of sound sources 12 can be provided so that a plurality of musical sounds can be generated simultaneously. The sound system 13 includes a D / A converter 14 for an audio signal, an amplifier 15 and a speaker 16.

  Furthermore, it is preferable that the electronic musical instrument 1 can generate musical sounds according to not only performance information input from the keyboard 2 but also MIDI musical sound information supplied from the outside. For this purpose, an input / output interface (MIDI I / O) 17 for MIDI musical tone information can be provided.

  The state of each switch of the operation switch 3 a is scanned by the panel scan circuit 6, and data relating to the timbre, rhythm, etc. recognized by the scan is sent to the sound source 12.

  In the sound source 12, musical tone signals corresponding to various data sent by the CPU 8 and musical tone information set in the assignment memory 11 are generated. The musical tone signal is sent to the sound system 13 where a musical tone is generated and generated. Music information is stored in a storage area for each sound source 12 set in the assignment memory 11.

  FIG. 1 is a principal functional block diagram of the electronic piano according to the present embodiment, which is realized by the CPU 8. In FIG. 1, the sample performance information storage unit 18 stores performance information of a sample piece to be automatically played. This storage unit is a storage area on the RAM 9 and stores performance information read from a ROM or external storage means. When the sample performance information is supplied, the automatic performance unit 19 is a function for generating sound based on the sample performance information, and is a control function for the sound source 12, the sound system 13, and the like.

  When the automatic performance is started, the error determination unit 20 reads performance information by the performer using the automatic performance, that is, key pressing information detected by the key detection unit 21. Then, the key depression information and the sample performance information are collated to determine the degree of difference between them. The judgment items are step time, key number, attack level, and the like. The determination is made for each note, and if there is a difference larger than a preset value, the error counter 22 is incremented and the number of performance errors is counted.

  The bar detection unit 23 outputs a bar detection signal at the end of each bar, and the error counter determination unit 24 serving as an error section detection unit reads the error counter value and outputs an error rate when the bar detection signal is input. When the error rate exceeds the predetermined value, the repeat section information insertion unit 25 is driven to insert repeat section information at the head of the measure in the sample performance information. This repeat section information is written as exclusive data. The error counter 22 is reset to zero when the determination by the error counter determination unit 24 is completed. The start of performance by the automatic performance unit 19 is instructed by a start switch 26 provided as one of the operation switches 3a.

  The repeat section information inserted into the sample performance information is used to determine a repeat section (repeat section) of the automatic performance. When a repeat switch (that is, a switch for performing re-practice) 28 is pressed, the repeat section instructing unit 27 scans the sample performance information and detects a measure having the repeat section information at the head.

  The repeat interval is determined in various ways depending on whether the repeat switch 28 is pressed before the start of the automatic performance or during the automatic performance, and how the repeat setting is made. Details will be described later.

  Next, the operation of the electronic musical instrument 1 will be described with reference to a flowchart. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a main routine of the electronic musical instrument 1. In step S1, various registers, counters, flags, etc. are initialized. In step S2, event detection processing is performed to determine the presence / absence of an event, such as operation of the keyboard 2 (keyboard event) or operation of the operation panel 3 (panel event). The keyboard event is not limited to a key press / release event using the keyboard 2, but is included in, for example, an instruction to pronounce / mute an instrument sound other than a keyboard instrument input included in MIDI musical tone information, or in automatic performance data. It is also a generic term for instructions to pronounce and mute instruments other than keyboard instruments.

  The presence / absence of a panel event is determined based on the operation of the operation switch 3a of the operation panel 3. Panel events include lesson mode switch events and repeat switch events during lesson mode. The presence / absence of a keyboard event is determined by an output monitoring operation of a key sensor provided for each key of the keyboard 3, and the presence / absence of key depression / release and the velocity are detected for each key.

  In step S3, processing corresponding to the detected event is executed. In step S4, a constant process is performed. The constant process is a process performed regardless of the presence or absence of an event, and includes a process of giving a vibrato to a musical tone signal, a process of advancing an envelope phase, a key release parameter calculation, and the like.

  FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the lesson mode processing. The lesson mode is entered when the lesson mode switch is turned on. In step S10, whether or not to start a lesson is determined based on whether or not the start switch (lesson start switch) 26 is on. If there is an instruction to start a lesson, the process proceeds to step S11 to determine whether or not there is a key press. Since the sample performance has not yet started, the key depression at this time is displayed as an error in step S11A as an initial error.

  In step S12, it is determined whether or not the reproduction of the intro part has been completed. When the reproduction of the intro part is finished, the process proceeds to step S13, and the sample performance information of the lesson part, that is, the data for one note is read out. For example, the sample performance information is taken in as MIDI information from the outside, and the information stored in the sample performance information storage unit 18 is read out. In step S14, the automatic performance section 19 controls the sound generation, that is, automatic performance in accordance with the note of the sample performance information read out.

  In step S15, the key depression detecting unit 21 determines whether or not there is a key depression. If a key press is detected, the process proceeds to step S16 to acquire key press information. If no key depression is detected, step S15 is negative and the process proceeds to step S17. In step S17, it is determined whether the scheduled error determination time has elapsed. If this time has elapsed, the process proceeds to step S18, error processing is performed, and this flowchart is exited. The error process may be a display or warning by sound or voice on the display 3b, or may be a process returning to step S10. In step S19, a sound is generated based on the key depression information. In addition, since step S17 may be affirmed that it is forgotten to play only one sound, it may be configured to proceed to step S21 and continue the practice by counting errors.

  In step S20, the error determination unit 20 compares the sample performance information with the key press information, that is, determines whether there is a performance error. The sample performance information and key pressing information preferably include at least a step time and a pitch (note number), and may include an attack level and the like. In step S20, these data are compared with respect to sample performance information and key pressing information, and a difference between the two is detected. That is, a difference in step time, pitch, and attack level is detected. Allowable values for differences in step time, pitch, and attack level are set in advance, and key pressing information that exceeds the allowed value results in a performance error.

  In step S21, the number of performance errors is counted by the error counter 22. For example, if one of the step time, pitch, and attack level is an error, the value of the error counter is incremented by “1”. If the step time, pitch, and attack level are all different, the error counter value is “3”. Is added. The step time, pitch, and attack level may be weighted respectively. For example, if the pitch is missed, the error counter value is set to “2” instead of “1”.

  In step S22, it is determined whether or not the scheduled note number comparison process has been completed. For example, it is determined whether or not the comparison for one measure has been completed. If this determination is affirmative, the process proceeds to step S23. If the comparison for one measure is not completed, the read address is advanced by one and the process proceeds to step S13 to acquire data for the next note.

  In step S23, the error counter determination unit 24 evaluates the error counter value by comparing it with a planned value. If the error counter value exceeds the scheduled value, the process proceeds to step S24. In step S24, the repeat section information insertion unit 25 inserts repeat section information at the beginning of the measure of the sample performance information stored in the sample performance information storage unit 18, and the measure has many performance errors. Is displayed. If step S23 is negative, the performance has been completed without mistakes, and the process exits this flowchart.

  In step S25, the value of the error counter 22 is cleared. In step S26, it is determined whether or not the reproduction of the sample performance information has been completed. When all the processes are completed, the process of this flowchart is finished. If reproduction still remains, the read address is advanced by one and the process proceeds to step S13.

  When repeat section information is inserted, automatic performance based on sample performance information is started by occurrence of a repeat switch event. FIG. 5 is a flowchart of the repeat process based on the repeat switch event, which starts when the repeat switch 28 is pressed. In step S30, it is determined whether or not a performance is being performed. When not performing, that is, when the lesson shown in FIG. 4 is not performed, the process proceeds to step S31, and the measure in which the first repeat section information is inserted and the measure in which the last repeat section information is inserted are displayed. To detect. That is, a range including a measure with many performance errors is determined as a repeat section. For example, if repeat section information is inserted in the fifth bar and the tenth bar, the repeat section is from the fifth bar to the tenth bar. In step S32, the read address is set to the head of the measure in which the first repeat section information is inserted.

  In step S33, a lesson including pronunciation and determination based on sample performance information is performed. The detailed process in step S33 is the same as the process in FIG. 4 except for the process in step S25.

  In step S34, it is determined whether or not pronunciation and determination have been completed for the last note of the measure in which the last repeat section information has been inserted. If step S34 becomes affirmative, it will progress to step S35 and will determine the presence or absence of the bar | burr in which the repeat area information was inserted. That is, it is determined whether or not there is a measure that causes a performance error. By executing step S33, the measure in which the repeat section information is inserted is changed.

  If it is determined in step S35 that there is no measure in which the repeat section information is inserted, this flowchart ends. If there is a measure in which the repeat section information is inserted, the process proceeds to step S31 and the lesson is further repeated.

  If step S30 is affirmative, that is, if the performance is in progress, the process proceeds to step S36, and a measure in which the first repeat section information is inserted is detected. In step S37, the measure in which the last repeat section information is inserted is replaced with the last measure of the sample performance information, and the process proceeds to step S31. By the process of step S37, in step S31, the repeat section information is first determined as the repeat section to the last measure of the sample performance information.

  The repeat section being played may not be used as the last measure, but the measure that was played when the repeat switch 28 was pressed may be used as the last measure of the repeat section. It is preferable that the player can input and set the final measure of the repeat section from the operation panel 3 in advance.

  In the process of FIG. 5, the lesson is repeated until there are no measures including performance errors. However, the lesson may be completed with only one lesson, and the number of repetitions of the lesson may be preset by the performer. it can. For example, if the repeat switch 28 is turned on for the second time during a lesson, the lesson may be stopped at that time, or a new lesson may not be started when performance errors are reduced. Also good. For example, the lesson ends when the number of measures including a performance error becomes one. In addition, the number of repetitions of the lesson may be determined according to the number of performance errors in the first performance result or the number of measures resulting in a performance error.

  In addition, the repeat process is started in response to the operation of the repeat switch. However, when the ratio of the bars in which the performance error has occurred exceeds a predetermined value (for example, 2/3 of the total number of bars), The repeat process of FIG. 5 may be performed without waiting for the operation of the repeat switch.

  A modification will be described with respect to the setting of the repeat section. 6 and 7 are diagrams showing a repeat section selection device on the operation panel 3. In the figure, a repeat section is shown on the display 3b. In this example, measures 5 to 8, measures 17 to 20, measures 30 to 35, measures 52 to 60, and measures 70 to 72 are used as repeat intervals. Is set. In addition, a repeat switch 28 and repeat section selection switches 29 and 30 are provided as operation switches.

  In the example described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5, the repeat section is set to the range from the first measure in which the repeat section information is inserted to the last measure in which the repeat section information is inserted. In this modified example, a portion in which bars having repeat section information inserted is continuous is set as one repeat section. Of these repeat sections, a section arbitrarily selected by the performer is set as a repeat process target. The repeat interval selected here is processed by replacing it with the repeat interval determined in step S31.

  When the repeat switch 28 is pressed in the state of FIG. 6, the section displayed in the white state is set as the repeat section. When it is desired to change the repeat section, the selection switch 29 is pressed to move the white display position upward, or the repeat section selection switch 30 is pressed to move the white display position downward. For example, when the repeat section selection switch 30 is pressed, the outline position moves on the display of “017-020”. If the repeat section selection switch 29 is pressed from this state, the outline position returns to “005-008”. If the repeat section selection switch 30 is pressed when the white position is at the lowest position of the display range, the next repeat section is further displayed.

  When selecting a plurality of sections as repeat sections, if the repeat section selection switch 29 or 30 is pressed while the repeat switch 28 is being pressed, the white sections are expanded / reduced vertically. When the repeat switch RS is pressed from the state of FIG. 6 and the repeat section selection switch 30 is pressed as it is, the white positions are two sections of repeat sections “005-008” and “017-020” as shown in FIG. Changed to straddle. When the repeat section selection switch 30 is pressed once more, the outline position is changed so as to further span three sections of repeat sections “005-008”, “017-020”, and “030-035”.

  As described with reference to FIG. 5, when the repeat switch 28 is pressed, the repeat process is started. Accordingly, when the repeat switch 28 is pressed and the repeat section selection switches 29 and 30 are pressed within a predetermined time, the timer process is performed so that the repeat process is not started. Then, the repeat switch 28 is pushed again, and the repeat process is started after a predetermined time has elapsed.

  Also, it is possible to set repeat section information and data indicating “valid” and “invalid” of the repeat section information in a measure having a high degree of difficulty in advance, instead of inserting the repeat section information into the sample performance information completely newly. Can be kept. In this way, it is possible to display a measure in which a performance error has occurred simply by making the repeat section information of the measure determined to be a performance error “valid”. Therefore, the information amount of the sample performance information is hardly changed depending on whether or not it is a performance error measure, and there is no possibility that the memory area set in the RAM 9 overflows due to the insertion of the repeat section information.

  Although the present invention has been described according to the best embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. For example, the unit for determining a performance error is not limited to a single measure, and may be determined to be a performance error depending on the number of errors in a plurality of preset measures.

  Further, in this embodiment, an example of performing automatically based on the sample performance information is given, and the performance error is determined by comparing the key press information of the practitioner performed along with the automatic performance with the sample performance information. However, the automatic performance does not have to be based on the sample performance information. For example, an accompaniment corresponding to a sample performance may be automatically played, and the practitioner may perform along with the accompaniment.

  Further, no performance sound is generated, and the trainee may perform a metronome sound or a key press instruction with an LED display on the key and perform according to the key press instruction. The key is to judge errors by comparing key press information of performances performed according to practice instructions related to scheduled sample performance information, such as automatic performance, tempo display, and key press display, with sample performance information. That's fine.

  In this embodiment, the performance of the performer is compared with the sample performance in real time. However, the performer's performance is stored in the same format as the sample performance, and at the end of performance of each measure or performance of one song. It can also be modified so that the number of errors is counted together at the end and compared to the sample performance.

It is a principal part functional block diagram of the electronic musical instrument which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the hardware constitutions of the electronic musical instrument with a practice function which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a main flowchart of an electronic musical instrument. It is a flowchart which shows the process in lesson mode. It is a flowchart which concerns on a repeat process. It is a block diagram which shows an error area selection screen. It is a block diagram which shows an error area selection screen.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Electronic musical instrument, 2 ... Keyboard, 12 ... Sound source, 18 ... Sample performance information storage part, 19 ... Automatic performance part, 21 ... Key press detection part, 22 ... Error counter, 24 ... Error counter determination part, 25 ... Repeat section Information insertion part, 28 ... Repeat switch

Claims (10)

In an electronic musical instrument with a practice function that can perform error determination of the performance by comparing key press information of a performance performed according to a practice instruction based on sample performance information with the sample performance information,
Sample performance information storage means for storing the sample performance information;
An error interval detecting means for detecting, as the error interval, a performance interval in which a ratio of the number of errors in a preset performance interval is a reference value or more by the error determination;
When the error interval detecting unit detects that the ratio of the number of errors is equal to or more than the reference value, the repeat interval is included in the performance interval corresponding to the error interval in the sample performance information on the sample performance information storage unit. Repeating section information insertion means for inserting information,
An electronic musical instrument with a practice function, wherein a performance section in which the repeat section information is inserted is set as a repeat section in response to a repeat instruction, and the practice instruction in the repeat section is repeatedly performed.   2. The electronic musical instrument with a practice function according to claim 1, wherein the number of repetitions of the practice instruction is set so as to increase as the number of error sections increases according to the number of error sections.   2. The electronic musical instrument with a practice function according to claim 1, wherein the number of repetitions of the practice instruction is determined according to the number of error sections in the first practice.   2. The electronic musical instrument with a practice function according to claim 1, further comprising means for a practitioner to preset the number of repetitions of the practice instruction.   2. The electronic musical instrument with a practice function according to claim 1, wherein when the repeat instruction is input during repetition of the practice instruction, the practice instruction is terminated.   2. The electronic musical instrument with a practice function according to claim 1, wherein the practice instruction is configured to end when the number of error sections reaches a preset value.   2. The electronic device with a practice function according to claim 1, wherein when a repeat instruction is input during the practice instruction and there are a plurality of error sections, the repeat section extends from the first error section to the end of the sample song. Musical instrument.   2. The electronic device with a practice function according to claim 1, wherein when a repeat instruction is input after the practice instruction is completed and there are a plurality of error sections, a repeat section is defined from the first error section to the last error section. Musical instrument.   2. The practice function according to claim 1, wherein when a repeat instruction is input after completion of the practice instruction and there are a plurality of error sections, the plurality of error sections are displayed, and the repeat section can be selected by the instruction. Electronic musical instrument with.   The electronic musical instrument with a practice function according to claim 1, wherein the practice instruction is an automatic performance based on the sample performance information.

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