JP2004068509A - Tunnel boring machine and boring method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable stable tunnel boring even if a turning member of a tunnel boring machine is worn or damaged during tunnel boring. <P>SOLUTION: A plurality of turning agitating blades 31 for agitating sediment in a chamber 28 are secured to the rear of a cutter head 19 and a plurality of auxiliary agitating blades 33 are housed in the cutter head 19 and are attached to the chamber 28 in such a way as to be capable of protruding when necessary. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a tunnel excavator for digging a ground to construct a tunnel and an excavation method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Generally, an earth pressure type tunnel excavator has a cutter head rotatably mounted on a front portion of a cylindrical excavator body, and the cutter head is rotatably supported by a driving device and discharges excavated earth and sand. While a screw conveyor is provided, a number of shield jacks for advancing the excavator body at the rear and an erector device for assembling segments on the inner wall surface of the existing tunnel are mounted. Therefore, when the shield jack is extended while rotating the cutter head, the excavator body moves forward by obtaining the reaction force from the existing segment, so that the cutter head excavates the ground in front, and the excavated earth and sand is removed by the screw conveyor. And the erector device assembles segments on the inner wall surface of the existing tunnel to construct a tunnel.
[0003]
In the tunnel excavation work by such an earth pressure type tunnel excavator, the excavation is performed between the face in front of the cutter head and the bulk head of the excavator body by filling and pressurizing the excavated soil to stabilize the face. The machine is discharging the amount of sediment corresponding to the propulsion amount. In this case, in order to promote plastic fluidization of the excavated earth and sand between the face and the bulkhead, an injection device for injecting an additive into the excavated earth and sand is provided, and the cutter head and the bulkhead are projected toward the chamber side. A plurality of stirring blades are provided. Therefore, during the excavation work, the additive is injected into the excavated earth and sand from the injection device, and the excavated earth and sand and the additive are kneaded by each stirring blade rotating with the cutter head so that the soil can be discharged stably and smoothly. ing.
[0004]
Further, the two tunnel excavators are excavated in a direction approaching each other, and when the front ends of the two tunnel excavators approach each other to a predetermined position, the penetrating ring is pushed from one tunnel excavator, and the pressure receiving ring of the other tunnel excavator is pushed by this. There is a method of constructing a continuous long-distance tunnel by joining two tunnel excavators by receiving a penetration ring. The tunnel excavator used in this tunnel excavation method is also provided with the agitating blade described above, which agitates the excavated earth and sand in the chamber and removes the earth and sand around the pressure receiving surface of the pressure receiving ring. ing.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the above-mentioned conventional tunnel excavator, a plurality of stirring blades are fixed to the rear portion of the cutter head. During tunnel excavation work, the stirring blades stir excavated soil in the chamber and remove soil around the pressure receiving ring. I have. However, since the stirring blade moves in the excavated earth and sand filled in the chamber, the stirring blade may be worn or damaged by long-term use. If the agitator blades are worn or damaged, the agitation of excavated earth and sand in the chamber will be insufficient, and it will not be possible to properly perform earth removal, or the two tunnels will not be removed without removing the earth and sand around the pressure receiving ring. There are problems that the excavator cannot be properly joined and tunnel excavation work cannot be performed stably.
[0006]
The present invention solves such a problem, and provides a tunnel excavator and an excavation method capable of performing a stable tunnel excavation operation even if wear or damage occurs to a turning member during tunnel excavation operation. The purpose is to:
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the present invention, there is provided a tunnel excavator having a cylindrical excavator body having a front chamber, a propulsion jack for advancing the excavator body, and the excavator body. A cutter head rotatably mounted at the front of the chamber, a revolving member mounted so as to protrude from the cutter head into the chamber, and an earth discharging means for discharging earth and sand in the chamber. It is assumed that.
[0008]
In the tunnel excavator according to a second aspect of the present invention, the turning member is housed in a radial direction of the cutter head, and is capable of protruding rearward in the excavation direction toward the chamber.
[0009]
In the tunnel excavator according to the third aspect of the present invention, the turning member is rotatably supported by the cutter head, and is rotatable by a driving unit between a storage position in the cutter head and a projecting position to the chamber. It is characterized by.
[0010]
In the tunnel excavator according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the turning member is movably supported along a guide groove provided in the cutter head, and is stored in the cutter head and protruded to the chamber by driving means. It is characterized in that it can be moved.
[0011]
In the tunnel excavator according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, a pressure receiving ring for receiving a penetrating ring extending from the front is provided at a front portion of the excavator body, and the turning member is provided at a position opposed to a pressure receiving surface of the pressure receiving ring. It is characterized by being protrudable.
[0012]
In the tunnel excavator according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the pressure receiving ring has an inclined surface formed at a front portion so as to be thicker on an outer peripheral side, and the turning member has an inclined surface formed at a tip portion parallel to the inclined surface of the pressure receiving ring. It is characterized by having been done.
[0013]
In the tunnel excavation method according to the invention of claim 7, the excavator body is advanced while rotating the cutter head, thereby excavating the ground in front, taking in earth and sand into the chamber, and moving with the rotation of the cutter head. In the tunnel excavation method in which the earth and sand in the chamber are discharged to the outside of the tunnel while being stirred by the turning member to form a tunnel, when the turning member is worn and the stirring ability is reduced, the auxiliary turning stored in the cutter head is performed. A member is projected into the chamber.
[0014]
In the tunnel excavation method according to the invention of claim 8, the first and second tunnel excavators are excavated in a direction approaching each other, and when the front end of each tunnel excavator approaches a predetermined position, the second tunnel excavator is moved from the second tunnel excavator. Tunnel excavation in which the pressure receiving ring of the first tunnel excavator receives the tip of the penetrating ring while moving the penetration ring forward, thereby joining the first and second tunnel excavators and excavating a continuous tunnel. In the method, before the pressure receiving ring receives the penetrating ring, an auxiliary turning member housed in the cutter head is protruded from a pressure receiving surface of the pressure receiving ring, and the auxiliary turning member is rotated by rotating the cutter head. It is characterized by removing earth and sand near the pressure receiving surface.
[0015]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0016]
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross section of a tunnel excavator according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic cross section showing a stored state and a protruding state of an auxiliary stirring blade applied to the tunnel excavator of the present embodiment.
[0017]
In the earth-pressure tunnel excavator of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the excavator main body 11 has a cylindrical shape, and a front body 12 and a rear body 13 having substantially the same diameter are provided via a spherical bearing 14 and a rotating shaft 15. It is configured to be connected to bend freely. A plurality of center folding jacks 16 are provided between the front trunk 12 and the rear trunk 13, and the direction of excavator main body 11 can be changed by the extension and contraction operation of the center folding jack 16. A rotating body 17 is rotatably supported at the front of the front body 12, and a cutter head 19 is mounted on the rotating body 17 via a plurality of connecting beams 18. The cutter head 19 has a plurality of radial spokes 20, a large number of cutter bits 21 are fixed on both sides of each spoke 20, and a copy cutter 22 can be freely protruded and retracted at the outer peripheral end of the spoke 20 by a hydraulic jack 23. It has become.
[0018]
A ring gear 24 is fixed to the rear part of the cutter head 19, while a plurality of cutter turning motors 25 are attached to the front body 12, and a drive gear 26 of the drive motor 25 meshes with the ring gear 24. Accordingly, when the cutter turning motor 25 is driven, the driving gear 26 rotates the cutter head 19 via the ring gear 24, and the ground ahead can be excavated by the cutter bit 21. By extending the hydraulic jack 23 and projecting the copy cutter 22, the ground outside the cutter head 19 can be excavated.
[0019]
A chamber 28 is formed between the cutter head 19 and the bulkhead 27 by attaching a bulkhead 27 to the front body 12 behind the cutter head 19. A screw conveyor 29 is disposed in the excavator main body 11 in a forwardly inclined posture, and a front end of the screw conveyor 29 is located in the chamber 28 through the bulkhead 27. A rotary joint 30 is attached to the center of the bulkhead 27, and electrical wiring, hydraulic hoses, and the like are connected between the excavator body 11 and the cutter head 19 through the rotary joint 30.
[0020]
A plurality of rotary stirring blades 31 are fixed to the rear of the cutter head 19, and a plurality of fixed stirring blades 32 are fixed to the front of the bulkhead 27. The excavated earth and sand in the chamber 28 can be stirred by the respective stirring blades 31 and 32. A plurality of auxiliary stirring blades (swirl member, auxiliary swivel member) 33 are mounted on the cutter head 19 so as to protrude from the chamber 28.
[0021]
That is, as shown in detail in FIG. 2 (a), in the spoke 20 having a hollow shape, an auxiliary stirring blade 33 located on the outer peripheral side is arranged along the radial direction of the cutter head 19, and The part is rotatably mounted on a mounting bracket 34 to which the spoke 20 is fixed by a support shaft 35, and a connecting bracket 36 is fixed to the base end. Further, inside the spoke 20 having a hollow shape, a stirring blade driving jack (driving means) 37 is disposed along the radial direction of the cutter head 19 and located on the inner peripheral side of the auxiliary stirring blade 33. Are rotatably mounted on a mounting bracket 38 to which the spokes 20 are fixed by a support shaft 39. The tip of the drive rod 40 of the stirring blade drive jack 37 is connected to the connection bracket 36 by the connection shaft 41. On the other hand, an opening 42 is formed on the rear surface of the cutter head 19 so as to correspond to the auxiliary stirring blade 33.
[0022]
Accordingly, when the agitating blade 31 is not worn or damaged, the auxiliary agitating blade 33 is located at the storage position in the cutter head 19 along the radial direction of the cutter head 19, and the agitated blade 31 is not worn or damaged. When this occurs, when the stirring blade drive jack 37 is driven to extend the drive rod 40, the auxiliary stirring blade 33 rotates and excavates from the opening 42 toward the chamber 28, as shown in FIG. Therefore, the auxiliary stirring blade 33 can be held at a position where the auxiliary stirring blade 33 projects into the chamber 28.
[0023]
On the other hand, a plurality of shield jacks 43 are arranged on the rear trunk 13 along the circumferential direction along the circumferential direction. The shield jacks 43 extend rearward in the digging direction and press the spreader 44 against the existing segment S. Thus, the excavator body 11 can be moved forward by the reaction force. An unillustrated erector device 45 for assembling the segments S into a ring is attached to the rear end of the rear trunk 13.
[0024]
Here, a tunnel excavation operation by the tunnel excavator according to the above-described embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, first, while rotating the cutter head 19 by the cutter turning motor 25, the shield jack 43 is extended to obtain the excavation reaction force from the existing segment S, and the excavator body 11 is advanced. Then, many cutter bits 21 of the rotating cutter head 19 excavate the ground in front to form a tunnel.
[0025]
The earth and sand generated by the ground excavation of the cutter head 19 is taken into the chamber 28, and the earth and sand is agitated by the wings 31 and 32 that move with the rotation of the cutter head 19, and the mud discharged from the injection hole (not shown). By appropriately kneading with the material, plastic fluidization of the excavated earth and sand in the chamber 28 is promoted, and the screw conveyor 29 can properly discharge the soil. In this case, by excavating the amount of earth and sand corresponding to the amount of excavation by the cutter head 19 using the screw conveyor 29, the excavated earth and sand can be filled in the chamber 28 and pressurized to stabilize the face.
[0026]
When such a tunnel excavation operation is performed for a long period of time, the swirl-type stirring blade 31 moves in the excavated earth and sand filled in the chamber 28, and thus the swirl-type stirring blade 31 is worn or damaged. The plurality of auxiliary stirring blades 33 at the storage position of the cutter head 19 project toward the chamber 28. That is, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the stirring blade driving jack 37 is extended and driven to rotate the auxiliary stirring blade 33 approximately 90 degrees, so that the auxiliary stirring blade 33 at the storage position is transferred to the chamber 28. The auxiliary stirring blade 33 is moved to the projecting position, and the excavated earth and sand is stirred and kneaded with the mud.
[0027]
As described above, in the tunnel excavator of the first embodiment, a plurality of swirling agitating blades 31 for agitating excavated earth and sand in the chamber 28 are fixed to the rear portion of the cutter head 19, and a plurality of swirling agitating blades 31 are provided in the cutter head 19. The auxiliary stirring blade 33 is housed, and is mounted so as to be able to protrude into the chamber 28 by a stirring blade driving jack 37 when necessary.
[0028]
Therefore, when abrasion or breakage occurs in the swirl-type stirring blade 31 after performing the tunnel excavation operation for a long period of time, the auxiliary stirring blade 33 at the storage position of the cutter head 19 is projected into the chamber 28 by the stirring blade drive jack 37, and Stirring of excavated earth and sand and kneading with a mud material can be performed by the auxiliary stirring blades 33, and at all times, the excavated earth and sand in the chamber 28 are surely agitated, and by appropriately discharging the soil, tunnel excavation work is stabilized. Can be done.
[0029]
The auxiliary stirring blades 33 are accommodated in the spokes 20 along the radial direction of the cutter head 19, and the hollow spokes 20 are used as storage locations for the auxiliary stirring blades 33, thereby increasing the thickness of the cutter head 19. Since it is not necessary to form the device, it is possible to prevent the device from being enlarged.
[0030]
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross section showing a stored state and a protruding state of the auxiliary stirring blade applied to the tunnel excavator according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a tunnel excavator according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a joining state of the tunnel excavator according to the third embodiment. Note that members having the same functions as those described in the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted.
[0031]
In the tunnel excavator according to the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3A, a guide plate 52 having a pair of left and right guide grooves 51 located on the outer peripheral side is provided in the spoke 20 constituting the cutter head 19. The guide groove 51 is fixed at its distal end and is open to the rear chamber 28. A plurality of (two in this embodiment) links 54 are rotatably connected to the base end of the auxiliary stirring blade 53, and each of the auxiliary stirring blade 53 and each of the guide pins 55, 56 to which each link 54 is fixed is formed into a guide groove. 51 is movably fitted. A stirring blade driving jack (driving means) 57 is mounted inside the spoke 20 on the inner peripheral side of the auxiliary stirring blade 53 along the radial direction of the cutter head 19. It is connected to a link 54.
[0032]
Accordingly, when the agitating blade 31 is not worn or damaged, the auxiliary agitating blade 53 is located at the storage position in the cutter head 19 along the radial direction of the cutter head 19, and the agitating blade 31 is not worn or damaged. When this occurs, when the drive rod 58 is extended by driving the stirring blade drive jack 57, the auxiliary stirring blade 53 and the guide pins 55, 56 of the link 54 extend along the guide groove 51, as shown in FIG. As a result, the auxiliary stirring blade 53 projects rearward in the digging direction from the opening 42 toward the chamber 28, and the auxiliary stirring blade 53 can be held at the position where the auxiliary stirring blade 53 projects into the chamber.
[0033]
As described above, in the tunnel excavator of the second embodiment, a plurality of swirling agitating blades 31 for agitating excavated earth and sand in the chamber 28 are fixed to the rear portion of the cutter head 19, and a plurality of swirling agitating blades 31 are provided in the cutter head 19. The auxiliary stirring blade 53 is housed therein, and is moved along the guide groove 51 by the stirring blade driving jack 57 when necessary, and is mounted so as to protrude into the chamber 28. Therefore, when the rotating stirring blade 31 is worn or damaged, the auxiliary stirring blade 53 moves in the axial direction and moves to the chamber 28, so that the auxiliary stirring blade 53 is applied to the excavated earth and sand filled in the chamber 28. The stirrer blade driving jack 57 can be protruded with a small force, so that the device can be reduced in size and the apparatus can be reduced in size.
[0034]
In the third embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, in the present embodiment, two first and second tunnel excavators 60 and 100 perform excavation from opposite directions to each other. The front ends of the machines 60 and 100 are joined to excavate a continuous tunnel.
[0035]
In the first tunnel excavator 60, the excavator main body 61 has a cylindrical shape, and is configured such that a front trunk 62 and a rear trunk 63 having substantially the same diameter are flexibly connected by a bearing 64. A plurality of center folding jacks 65 are provided between the front trunk 62 and the rear trunk 63, and the excavating body 61 can change the direction of excavation by the extension and contraction of the center folding jack 65. A bulkhead 66 is formed at the front of the front trunk 62, and a support 67 is mounted on the bulkhead 66 at the center of the excavator body 61, and a cutter head 68 is attached to the support 67. Are rotatably supported.
[0036]
The cutter head 68 has four spokes 69 in a radial shape, and a movable spoke 71 is supported at a tip end thereof by a Kata's spoke extendable jack 70 so that the movable spoke 71 can be extended and contracted. The outer ring 73 is detachable. A number of cutter bits 74 are fixed to each spoke 69. The locking pin 72 of each of the two moving spokes 71 has a built-in copy cutter 75 that can appear and disappear.
[0037]
A ring gear 76 is fixed to the rear part of the cutter head 68, while a plurality of cutter turning motors 77 are attached to the front body 62, and a drive gear 78 meshes with the ring gear 76. Accordingly, when the cutter turning motor 77 is driven, the drive gear 78 rotates the cutter head 68 via the ring gear 76, and the ground in front can be excavated. Also, the tunnel digging diameter can be changed by moving the movable spokes 71 by expanding and contracting the cut-spoke elastic jacks 70. At this time, the movable spokes 71 and the outer peripheral ring 73 can be disengaged.
[0038]
A chamber 79 is formed in the front body 62 between the cutter head 68 and the bulk head 66. The upper end of the chamber 79 is open at one end of a mud feed pipe 80 extending outside the machine. In the lower part, the other end of the sludge pipe 81 whose one end extends outside the machine is open. Also, a plurality of shield jacks 82 are arranged in the rear trunk 63 along the circumferential direction along the circumferential direction. By extending the shield jacks 82 rearward in the digging direction and pressing the shield jacks 82 against the existing segments S, The excavator body 61 can be moved forward by the reaction force. Further, an erector device 83 for assembling the segments S in a ring shape is mounted on the rear end of the rear trunk 63.
[0039]
An inner cylinder 84 is fixed to the front end of the front body 62, and a pressure receiving ring 85 having a ring shape and an inclined front surface is attached to a space formed between the front body 62 and the inner cylinder 84. The first ring seal 86, the connecting rod 87, and the second ring seal 88 are connected to each other, a plurality of extrusion jacks 89 are connected to the second ring seal 88, and the drive rod of each extrusion jack 89 is connected to the front barrel 62. I have.
[0040]
A plurality of revolving stirring blades 90 are fixed to the rear of the cutter head 68, while a plurality of fixed stirring blades (not shown) are fixed to the front of the bulkhead 66. In the moving spoke 71, auxiliary stirring blades 91, which are located on the outer peripheral side of the cutter head 68 and whose tip portions are inclined, are arranged in the radial direction, and a plurality of (two in this embodiment) links 92 are provided. Are connected. A guide groove (not shown) is formed in the movable spoke 71 such that the distal end portion is curved and opens to the chamber 79, and the guide pin of the auxiliary stirring blade 91 and each link 92 is movably fitted in this guide groove. . Further, a stirring blade driving jack 93 is mounted on the moving spoke 71, and the tip of the driving rod is connected to a link 92.
[0041]
Therefore, normally, the auxiliary stirring blade 91 is located at the storage position in the cutter head 68 along the radial direction of the cutter head 68, and when the stirring rod driving jack 93 is driven to extend the driving rod, the link 92 is connected. The auxiliary agitating blade 91 can be moved through and can protrude rearward in the excavation direction toward the chamber 28. At this time, the tip of the auxiliary agitating blade 91 should project to a position facing the pressure receiving surface of the pressure receiving ring 85. It becomes.
[0042]
On the other hand, the second tunnel excavator 100 has substantially the same configuration as the first tunnel excavator 60 except for components such as the pressure receiving ring 85, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted. That is, the excavator body 101 has a front trunk and a rear trunk connected in a bendable manner, and a cutter head 104 is rotatably supported by a front bulkhead 102 via a support 103. In the cutter head 104, a movable spoke 107 is supported at a tip end of four spokes 105 by a cutter spoke expansion / contraction jack 106 so as to be extendable and contractable, and a locking pin 108 can be engaged with and disengaged from an outer peripheral ring 109. A number of cutter bits 110 are fixed, and a copy cutter 111 is built in a locking pin 108 of the two moving spokes 107.
[0043]
A ring gear 112 is fixed to the rear of the cutter head 104, while a plurality of cutter turning motors 113 are attached to the excavator main body 101, and a driving gear 114 meshes with the ring gear 112. A chamber 115 is formed at the front of the excavator main body 101, and ends of a mud feeding pipe and a mud discharging pipe (not shown) are provided. Further, a plurality of shield jacks and an erector device are mounted on the excavator body 101.
[0044]
An inner cylinder 116 is fixed to the front end of the excavator body 101, and a ring-shaped penetration ring 117 is provided in a space formed between the excavator body 101 and the inner cylinder 116. The front end is supported by inner and outer seal members 118 and 119 having inclined surfaces, and the support pin 120 is connected to the rear end so as to be movable back and forth. A plurality of extrusion jacks 121 are mounted on the excavator body 101, and the driving rod of each extrusion jack 121 is connected to a support pin 120 via a connection pin 122.
[0045]
Here, a tunnel excavation operation for excavating a long-distance tunnel by the underground junction type tunnel excavator including the first and second tunnel excavators 60 and 100 described above will be described.
[0046]
In a tunnel construction section of a predetermined length, a shaft is excavated and formed at each end thereof, a first tunnel excavator 60 is inserted into one shaft, and a second tunnel excavator 100 is inserted into the other shaft, and The first and second tunnel excavators 60 and 100 are started from the shaft to perform excavation work in the tunnel construction section. That is, in the first tunnel excavator 60, the plurality of shield jacks 82 are extended while rotating the cutter head 68, the excavator body 11 is advanced, the front ground is excavated by the cutter head 68, and the segment is Assemble S in a ring shape. On the other hand, in the second tunnel excavator 100, similarly, the plurality of shield jacks are extended while rotating the cutter head 104, the excavator body 101 is advanced, the ground in front is excavated by the cutter head 104, and the segment S is ringed. And assemble them. By repeating this operation, the first and second tunnel excavators 60 and 100 excavate and form a tunnel along the tunnel construction section.
[0047]
When the first tunnel excavator 60 and the second tunnel excavator 100 approach each other, the first tunnel excavator 10 drives the stirring blade drive jack 93 to project the auxiliary stirring blade 91 toward the chamber 28. Then, the distal end is positioned to face the pressure receiving surface of the pressure receiving ring 85. Then, the auxiliary stirring blades 91 that rotate together with the cutter head 68 remove the earth and sand near the pressure receiving surface of the pressure receiving ring 85. When the first and second tunnel excavators 60 and 100 approach each other to a predetermined distance, the excavation is stopped, and the auxiliary stirring blade 91 is stored in the cutter head 68 by the stirring blade drive jack 93.
[0048]
Next, in the second tunnel excavator 100, the extruding jack 121 is extended, the forward movement of the penetration ring 117 is started, and the Kata's spoke telescopic jack 106 is contracted to move the moving spoke 107 inward. A space is formed between the moving spoke 107 and the outer peripheral ring 109, and the penetration ring 117 is moved toward the first tunnel excavator 60 through this space. On the other hand, in the first tunnel excavator 60, the cutter spoke expansion / contraction jack 70 is contracted to move the movable spoke 71 inward, pass through the penetration ring 117 through this space, and move to the pressure receiving ring 85.
[0049]
At this time, since the earth and sand near the pressure receiving surface of the pressure receiving ring 85 has been removed in advance by the auxiliary stirring blade 91, the penetrating ring 117 smoothly moves to the pressure receiving ring 85 and fits the pressure receiving ring 39 with appropriate pressure. Can be combined.
[0050]
Thereafter, the cutter heads 68, 104, the shield jack 82, the elector device 83, etc. of the first and second tunnel excavators 60, 100 are disassembled and carried out, and the sediment remaining inside is discharged, and The segments S are connected, and the first tunnel excavated by the first tunnel excavator 60 and the second tunnel excavated by the second tunnel excavator 100 are joined.
[0051]
As described above, in the underground junction type tunnel excavator of the present embodiment, the cutter head 104 is attached to the front end of the second tunnel excavator 100, and the penetrating ring 117 movable forward is provided. 1 Attaching the cutter head 68 to the front end of the tunnel excavator 60, providing a pressure receiving ring 85 for receiving the tip of the penetration ring 117, and storing a plurality of auxiliary stirring blades 91 in the cutter head 68, when necessary. The stirring blade drive jack 93 protrudes into the chamber 79 and can be moved to a position facing the pressure receiving surface of the pressure receiving ring 85.
[0052]
Accordingly, when the first tunnel excavator 60 and the second tunnel excavator 100 are excavated and joined in a direction approaching each other, the auxiliary stirring blade 91 is moved by the stirring blade drive jack 93 to a position facing the pressure receiving surface of the pressure receiving ring 85. By doing so, the auxiliary stirring blades 91 that rotate together with the cutter head 68 remove the earth and sand near the pressure receiving surface of the pressure receiving ring 85. Therefore, when the first and second tunnel excavators 60 and 100 move the penetrating ring 117 toward the first tunnel excavator 60 at a position close to the predetermined distance, the penetrating ring 117 smoothly moves to the pressure receiving ring 85, The first tunnel excavator 60 and the second tunnel excavator 100 can be securely joined together with an appropriate pressure, and a continuous long-distance tunnel can be constructed.
[0053]
Immediately before joining the first tunnel excavator 60 and the second tunnel excavator 100, the auxiliary stirring blades 91 are protruded to remove earth and sand near the pressure receiving surface of the pressure receiving ring 85. Since the auxiliary stirring blades 91 do not hinder the joining operation of the first and second tunnel excavators 60 and 100 because they are stored in the cutter head 68 again, the tunnel excavators 60 and 100 are properly joined. Long distance tunnels can be built.
[0054]
In each of the above-described embodiments, the auxiliary stirring blades 33, 53, and 91 can be moved to the storage position and the protruding position by rotating or using a guide, but the moving method is limited to this configuration. Instead, a link mechanism, a cam mechanism, a gear mechanism, or the like may be used.
[0055]
Further, in the above-described embodiment, the tunnel excavator of the present invention is applied to an earth pressure type shield excavator, but may be applied to a mud pressure type shield excavator or a tunnel boring machine.
[0056]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail in the embodiment, according to the tunnel excavator of the first aspect of the present invention, the cutter head is rotatably mounted on the front of the excavator body having the chamber, and the cutter head is mounted on the chamber from the cutter head. Since the swivel member is mounted to be able to protrude, the swivel member at the storage position of the cutter head is protruded into the chamber when necessary, so that when the swirl type stirring blade provided on the cutter head is worn or damaged, this swivel member is used. The agitation of excavated earth and sand and kneading with the mud material can be performed by the members, and the agitation of the excavated earth and sand in the chamber is always ensured, and the tunnel excavation work can be performed stably by properly discharging the earth. it can.
[0057]
According to the tunnel excavator according to the second aspect of the present invention, the turning member is housed in the radial direction of the cutter head and can be projected rearward in the excavation direction toward the chamber, so that the cutter head does not need to be formed thick. In addition, the size of the apparatus can be prevented from increasing.
[0058]
According to the tunnel excavator according to the third aspect of the present invention, the turning member is rotatably supported by the cutter head, and can be rotated between the storage position in the cutter head and the projecting position to the chamber by the driving means. With such a simple structure, the turning member can be easily turned from the storage position of the cutter head to the projecting position to the chamber.
[0059]
According to the tunnel excavator of the fourth aspect, the turning member is movably supported along the guide groove provided in the cutter head, and is moved by the driving means to the storage position in the cutter head and the projecting position to the chamber. Since it is possible, the turning member can be smoothly moved from the storage position of the cutter head to the projecting position to the chamber.
[0060]
According to the tunnel excavator according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, a pressure receiving ring for receiving a penetrating ring extending from the front is provided at the front portion of the excavator body, and the turning member can be protruded to a position facing the pressure receiving surface of the pressure receiving ring. Therefore, when joining the excavator bodies, the turning member removes the earth and sand near the pressure receiving surface of the pressure receiving ring, and the penetrating ring smoothly moves to the pressure receiving ring and is fitted with an appropriate pressure. The excavator bodies can be securely joined together, and a continuous long-distance tunnel can be constructed.
[0061]
According to the tunnel excavator of the sixth aspect of the present invention, the pressure receiving ring is formed with an inclined surface at the front so that the outer peripheral side is thicker, and the turning member is formed at the tip with an inclined surface parallel to the inclined surface of the pressure receiving ring. It is characterized by having. The flow of excavated earth and sand can appropriately flow from the outside to the inside, and stable earth removal can be achieved.
[0062]
According to the tunnel excavation method of the invention of claim 7, the excavator body is advanced while rotating the cutter head, so that the ground in front is excavated, sediment is taken into the chamber, and with the rotation of the cutter head. In the case of forming a tunnel by discharging soil to the outside of the tunnel while stirring the earth and sand in the chamber by the moving rotating member, when the rotating member is worn and the stirring ability is reduced, the auxiliary rotating member housed in the cutter head is moved to the chamber. The auxiliary swivel member allows the excavated earth and sand to be continuously stirred and kneaded with the muddy material, so that the excavated earth and sand in the chamber can always be reliably stirred to properly discharge the earth. By doing so, tunnel excavation work can be performed stably.
[0063]
According to the tunnel excavation method of the invention of claim 8, the first and second tunnel excavators are excavated in a direction approaching each other, and when the front end of each tunnel excavator approaches a predetermined position, the second tunnel excavator is excavated. When the pressure receiving ring of the first tunnel excavator receives the tip of the penetrating ring while extruding the penetrating ring from the front, the first and second tunnel excavators are joined to excavate a continuous tunnel. Before receiving the penetrating ring, the auxiliary turning member housed in the cutter head is protruded against the pressure receiving surface of the pressure receiving ring, and by rotating the cutter head, the sediment near the pressure receiving surface is removed by the auxiliary turning member. As a result, the penetrating ring smoothly moves to the pressure receiving ring, can be fitted with an appropriate pressure, and reliably joins the first and second tunnel excavators. It is possible to construct a long-distance tunnel.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a tunnel excavator according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a stored state and a projected state of an auxiliary stirring blade applied to the tunnel excavator according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view illustrating a stored state and a projected state of an auxiliary stirring blade applied to a tunnel excavator according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view of a tunnel excavator according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view illustrating a joined state of a tunnel excavator according to a third embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
11 Excavator body
19 cutter head
20 spokes
25 cutter rotation motor
28 chambers
29 Screw conveyor (discharge means)
31 Rotating stirring blade
32 Fixed stirring blade
33 Auxiliary stirring blade (swirl member, auxiliary swivel member)
37 Stirring blade drive jack (drive means)
42 Shield jack (propulsion jack)
51 Guide groove
53 Auxiliary stirring blade (swirl member, auxiliary swivel member)
54 links
55,56 Guide pin
57 Stirring blade drive jack (drive means)
60 First tunnel excavator
68,104 cutter head
69,105 spoke
70,106 cutter spoke telescopic jack
71,107 Moving spoke
73,109 Outer ring
77,113 cutter rotation motor
79,115 chambers
81 Drainage pipe (discharge means)
82 Shield Jack (Propulsion Jack)
85 Pressure receiving ring
89 Extrusion Jack
91 Auxiliary stirring blade (swirl member, auxiliary swivel member)
93 Stirrer blade drive jack (drive means)
100 Second tunnel excavator
117 Penetration ring
120 support pin
121 Extrusion Jack
122 connecting pin

Claims (8)

An excavator body having a cylindrical shape and having a chamber at the front, a propulsion jack for advancing the excavator body, a cutter head rotatably mounted at the front of the excavator body, and a cutter head. A tunnel excavator, comprising: a revolving member protrudably mounted on the chamber; and a discharging means for discharging earth and sand in the chamber. 2. The tunnel excavator according to claim 1, wherein the turning member is housed in a radial direction of the cutter head, and can protrude rearward in an excavation direction toward the chamber. 3. 3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the turning member is rotatably supported by the cutter head, and is rotatable by a driving unit between a storage position in the cutter head and a protruding position to the chamber. Tunnel excavator. 3. The swiveling member according to claim 1, wherein the pivoting member is movably supported along a guide groove provided in the cutter head, and is movable to a storage position in the cutter head and a projecting position to the chamber by a driving unit. A tunnel excavator, comprising: The pressure receiving ring according to claim 1, wherein a pressure receiving ring that receives a penetrating ring extending from the front is provided at a front portion of the excavator body, and the turning member can protrude to a position facing a pressure receiving surface of the pressure receiving ring. Characteristic tunnel excavator. 6. The pressure receiving ring according to claim 5, wherein an inclined surface is formed at a front portion so that an outer peripheral side of the pressure receiving ring becomes thicker, and an inclined surface parallel to the inclined surface of the pressure receiving ring is formed at a tip portion of the turning member. Tunnel excavator. By advancing the excavator body while rotating the cutter head, the ground in front is excavated, sediment is taken into the chamber, and the tunnel is stirred while the sediment in the chamber is stirred by a rotating member moving with the rotation of the cutter head. In a tunnel excavation method for discharging a soil to form a tunnel, an auxiliary turning member housed in the cutter head is protruded into the chamber when the turning member is worn and the stirring ability is reduced. Excavation method. The first and second tunnel excavators are dug in directions approaching each other, and when the front end of each tunnel excavator approaches a predetermined position, the penetrating ring is moved forward from the second tunnel excavator while the first tunnel excavator is moved forward. In the tunnel excavation method in which the pressure receiving ring of the tunnel excavator receives the tip of the penetration ring to join the first and second tunnel excavators and excavate a continuous tunnel, the pressure receiving ring replaces the penetration ring. Before receiving, the auxiliary turning member housed in the cutter head is protruded from the pressure receiving surface of the pressure receiving ring, and by rotating the cutter head, the earth and sand near the pressure receiving surface is removed by the auxiliary turning member. A tunnel excavation method.

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