JP5854770B2 - Tunnel excavator for underground joint method with towable cutter replacement mechanism - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a tunnel excavator for underground jointing with a towable cutter replacement mechanism.

  A mechanical underground joint method for constructing a tunnel by mechanically joining two shield excavators or the like excavated from both sides of a tunnel construction section in the ground is already known in Patent Document 1 and the like. This mechanical underground joint method does not require ground improvement by auxiliary methods such as chemical injection method, high-pressure jet agitation method, freezing method, etc., so the construction period is significantly shortened and safer than other methods. There are advantages such as easier installation.

  Also, in recent years, tunnels tend to be long distances, and the cutter bits attached to the cutter head wear out during tunnel excavation work. When this cutter bit is worn, the excavation efficiency of the ground is lowered. Therefore, excavation work must be stopped and each worn cutter must be replaced. Conventionally, in exchanging cutter bits, the ground in front is solidified and improved by injecting or freezing chemicals, and after excavating to the ground improvement point, the excavated soil in the chamber is exhausted and the operator removes this cutter. The cutter bit was replaced in front of the head or in the chamber.

  However, in such replacement work, the chemical solution used to improve the ground is expensive and uneconomical, and the work time is long and the workability is not good. In addition, the worker works in a narrow space such as the front of the cutter head or in the chamber, and there is a problem that the burden on the worker increases because it becomes inconvenient.

  Therefore, the present applicants proposed a towable cutter exchanging mechanism (trailing method) in Patent Document 2 assuming that the cutter bit can be exchanged in the excavator body. This tow-type cutter exchanging mechanism is provided with a guide rail bent inward on the center side on a cutter head that is rotatably mounted on the front portion of the excavator body, and a plurality of cutter bits are connected flexibly. The cutter row is movably supported on the guide rail, a cutter housing box is attached to the end of the guide rail via a gate mechanism, and the cutter row can be moved into the cutter housing box by a hydraulic jack. The cutter bit worn inside is replaced with a new cutter bit.

  This tow-type cutter replacement mechanism eliminates the need for ground improvement, reduces construction costs, and allows free work in a large space within the excavator body, improving workability and reducing operator burden. Can be planned.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-004998 Japanese Patent No. 3697226

  By the way, the present applicants have focused on the fact that a long-distance tunnel can be constructed in a short construction period by using the above-described mechanical underground joint method together with a towed cutter replacement mechanism. However, in the mechanical underground joint method, the cut-out spoke is a telescopic spoke type so that the penetration ring of the penetration shield excavator can be received by the ring-shaped receiving part (pressure receiving rubber ring, receiving chamber, etc.) of the reception side shield excavator at the time of joining. Therefore, there has been a problem that it is difficult to use together with a pulling cutter exchanging mechanism in which the cutter spoke supporting the guide rail is fixed (not stretchable).

  Therefore, the present invention provides a tunnel excavator for underground joint construction with a towed cutter replacement mechanism that can construct a longer distance tunnel in a short construction period by effectively using a towed cutter replacement mechanism. For the purpose.

In order to achieve such an object, the tunnel excavator for underground jointing method with a towed cutter replacement mechanism according to the present invention,
Tunnel excavation used for mechanical underground jointing with a cutter head that has either a penetrating ring or a ring-shaped receiving part that accepts this penetrating ring on the inner circumference of the front of the excavator body In the machine
A cutter row in which a plurality of cutter bits are flexibly connected is supported on a guide rail provided on the cutter pork and the intermediate support beam so as to be slidable, and the cutter bit can be replaced.
The guide rail is divided into a cutter spoke side and an intermediate support beam side, and the guide rail on the cutter spoke side can be slid in the radial direction of the cutter head.
It is characterized by that.

Also,
The cutter spoke is composed of an outer cylinder fixed to a central cylinder portion and an inner cylinder that can be expanded and contracted with respect to the outer cylinder by a spoke expansion / contraction jack, and the guide rail on the cutter spoke side is fixed to the inner cylinder. Features.

Also,
Within the guide rails, a main cutter string part of the center cutter bits is located in the outer peripheral portion of the Kattahe' de is drivingly connected to a series via a link mechanism or the like is supported with auxiliary cutter row having no center cutter bit It is characterized by.

Also,
The guide rail on the cutter spoke side is slid in the radial direction of the cutter head in a state in which the cutter row is pulled and slid to the intermediate support beam side during underground joining.

  According to the tunnel excavator for underground joint method with towed cutter replacement mechanism according to the present invention, the towed cutter replacement mechanism is effectively used together with the tunnel excavator used for the mechanical underground joint method, so a short construction period Can build longer distance tunnels and can greatly reduce construction costs.

It is a sectional side view of the receiving-side muddy-water type shield excavator which shows one Example of this invention. It is a front view of a receiving-side muddy water type shield excavator. It is principal part side sectional drawing of an intrusion side muddy-type shield excavator. It is sectional drawing at the time of underground joining of a receiving-side muddy-water type shield excavator and an intrusion-side muddy-water type shield excavator. It is a front view of the towable cutter replacement part during normal excavation. It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. It is side sectional drawing of the towable cutter replacement | exchange part at the time of normal excavation. It is a front view of the traction type cutter exchange part at the time of underground joining.

  Hereinafter, a tunnel excavator for underground joint method with a towable cutter exchanging mechanism according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a sectional side view of a receiving-side muddy-water shield excavator showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of the receiving-side muddy-water shield excavator, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the receiving-side mud-type shield excavator and the penetrating-side mud-type shield excavator at the time of underground joining, FIG. 5 is a front view of the tow-type cutter exchanging part during normal excavation, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 5, FIG. 7 is a side sectional view of a towed cutter replacement unit during normal excavation, and FIG. 8 is a front view of the towed cutter replacement unit during underground bonding.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a receiving-side muddy-type shield excavator (tunnel excavator) used in the mechanical underground joint method is cut by a bearing 11 at a front portion of a cylindrical excavator main body 10. A head 12 is rotatably mounted. A ring gear 14 is fixed to the rear portion of the cutter head 12 via an intermediate support beam 13, while a cutter turning motor 15 is attached to the excavator body 10, and a drive gear 16 of the cutter turning motor 15 is connected to the ring. It meshes with the gear 14. Accordingly, when the cutter turning motor 15 is driven to drive the drive gear 16 to rotate, the cutter head 12 can be rotated via the ring gear 14 and the intermediate support beam 13.

  A bulkhead 17 is attached to the front portion of the excavator body 10, and a chamber 18 is formed between the cutter head 12 and the bulkhead 17. The other end of the mud pipe 19 with one end extending outside the machine is opened at the upper part of the chamber 18, and the other part of the mud pipe 20 with one end extended outside the machine at the lower part of the chamber 18. The end is open.

  On the other hand, a plurality of shield jacks (propulsion jacks) 21 are juxtaposed along the circumferential direction on the inner periphery of the rear part of the excavator main body 10, and the inner peripheral surface of the tunnel which is excavated by the shield jacks 21 extending rearward in the digging direction. By pressing the existing segment S constructed in the above, the excavator body 10 can be advanced by the reaction force.

  Further, a support wall 22 is attached to the rear portion of the excavator body 10, and an erector device 24 for assembling the segment S is provided on a swiveling ring 23 that is rotatably supported on the support wall 22. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 25 denotes a motor for driving the turning ring. In addition, a shape holding device 27 for holding the shape of the existing segment S is provided on the gantry 26 extending from the center of the support wall 22 to the rear of the excavator body 10 so as to be movable in the front-rear direction by a jack 28. Yes.

  A pressure-receiving rubber for joining a penetration mud shield shield excavator (tunnel excavator), which will be described later, to the inner periphery of the front portion of the excavator main body 10 in front of the bulkhead 17 at the time of underground joining through a double cylinder portion. A ring (ring-shaped receiving portion) 29 is attached. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 30 denotes an agitator for stirring the excavated sediment in the chamber 18.

  In the cutter head 12 described above, a leading cutter bit (fish tail cutter) 32 is fixed to the center of the front surface portion via a central cylinder portion 31, and the central cylinder portion 31 is equiangular in the circumferential direction. Six cut spokes 33a to 33f are fixed radially. A plurality of side cutter bits 34 are fixed along the longitudinal direction on both side surfaces of each of the cut spokes 33a to 33f, and a plurality of centers along the longitudinal direction are provided on the front surface (front surface) of each of the cut spokes 33a to 33f. The cutter bit 35 is fixed.

  Each of the cutter spokes 33 a to 33 f includes an outer cylinder 36 fixed to the central cylinder portion 31 and an inner cylinder 38 that can be expanded and contracted by a spoke expansion jack 37 in the outer cylinder 36. That is, at the time of normal excavation, the inner cylinder 38 carrying a part of the side cutter bit 34 and the center cutter bit 35 is extended by the spoke telescopic jack 37 and the tip portion thereof is in the notch of the outer ring 39 in the cutter head 12. Inserted. As a result, the cutter head 12 can fully excavate the tunnel cross section (see FIGS. 2 and 5).

  On the other hand, at the time of underground joining described later, the inner cylinder 38 is contracted by the spoke expansion / contraction jack 37 and the tip end portion thereof is extracted from the notch in the outer ring 39. As a result, a clearance C is formed between the outer ring 39 and the tip of each of the spokes 33a to 33f and the outer periphery of the face plate 40 that exposes each of the cutters 33a to 33f through the earth and sand intake opening 40a. (See FIG. 8). In FIG. 2, reference numeral 50 denotes a copy cutter attached to the face plate 40.

  A towable cutter exchanging system (trailing method) is adopted for each of the cutter spokes 33a to 33f and the cutter spokes 33a, 33c, 33e and the cutter spoke 33d.

  That is, in the cutter pork 33d, a part of the center cutter bit 35 (the cutter head 12) is passed through the guide rail 42 provided along the guide cylinder 41 in the inner cylinder part 31 and the center cylinder part 31. A main cutter row MC formed by connecting a series of center cutter bits 35) located in the inner peripheral portion of the main cutter row 35 through a link mechanism or the like is movably supported together with a sub cutter row SC having no center cutter bit 35. Accordingly, when the center cutter bit 35 is worn and the excavation efficiency is reduced, the cutter rows MC and SC are drawn into a cutter housing box (not shown) with a hydraulic jack or the like via the gate mechanism 43 and the connecting shaft 44. The worn center cutter bit 35 can be replaced with a new one. As described above, the towing cutter exchanging system (trailing method) is well known in Patent Document 2, so the specific structure of the gate mechanism 43 and the connecting shaft 44 will be described here with reference to Patent Document 2. Omitted.

  On the other hand, in the case of the spokes 33a, 33c and 33e, as shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the substantially entire length of the inner cylinder 38 corresponding to the outer peripheral portion of the outer cylinder 36, the intermediate support beam 13 and the guide. In the guide rail 46 provided along the tube 45, a part of the center cutter bit 35 (a center cutter bit 35 located on the outer peripheral portion of the cutter head 12) is connected in series through a link mechanism or the like. The cutter row MC is movably supported together with the sub cutter row SC not having the center cutter bit 35. Therefore, when the center cutter bit 35 is worn and the excavation efficiency is lowered, the cutter rows MC and SC are inserted into the cutter housing box 49 (see FIG. 4) via the gate mechanism 47 and the connecting shaft 48 with a hydraulic jack or the like. By retracting, the worn center cutter bit 35 can be replaced with a new one. As described above, since the towing cutter exchanging system (trailing method) is known in Patent Document 2, the specific structure of the gate mechanism 47 and the connecting shaft 48 is described in detail here with reference to Patent Document 2. Is omitted.

  In this embodiment, the guide rails 46 in the cutter spokes 33a, 33c, and 33e are divided into two parts between the inner cylinder 38 and the intermediate support beam 13, and when the spoke telescopic jack 37 is contracted, the main cutter row MC and the auxiliary cutter row The guide rail 46a on the inner cylinder 38 side moves (shrinks) together with the inner cylinder 38 under the state where the cutter row SC is drawn into the cutter accommodating box 49 side, and the guide rail 46b on the intermediate support beam 13 side. And can be separated.

  As shown in FIG. 3, an intrusion-side muddy-water shield excavator (tunnel excavator) used in the mechanical underground joint method has a predetermined length via a double cylinder portion on the inner periphery of the front portion of the excavator body 10. When the penetrating ring 51 is pushed out forward of the excavator main body 10 by the extension of the penetrating ring push-out jack 52 when the penetrating ring push-out jack 52 is stretched by the penetrating ring push-out jack 52 and is joined to the ground, which will be described later, the tip of the penetrating ring 51 is pushed out. The pressure-receiving rubber ring 29 of the receiving-side muddy water type shield excavator described above can be pressed. Since the other configuration of the penetration-side muddy water type shield excavator is the same as that of the receiving side muddy water type shield excavator, the same members in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 as those in FIG.

  Because of this configuration, during normal excavation, the receiving-side mud-type shield excavator and the penetrating-side mud-type shield excavator located on both sides of the tunnel construction section are both in the state shown in FIGS. The inner cylinders 38 of the respective cutter spokes 33 a to 33 f extend to the outer peripheral side of the cutter head 12 by the extension of the spoke expansion / contraction jacks 37, and the front ends thereof are inserted into the notches of the outer peripheral ring 39.

  In this state, while rotating the cutter head 12 by the cutter turning motor 15, the plurality of shield jacks 21 are extended and the excavator main body 10 is advanced by the reaction force against the existing segment S. 32, the side cutter bit 34 and the center cutter bit 35 excavate the ground in front.

  Then, the excavated earth and sand are taken into the chamber 18 through the earth and sand intake opening 40 a, stirred with water supplied from the mud pipe 19, and discharged to the outside through the mud pipe 20. Next, any one of the shield jacks 21 is operated in the contracting direction to form a space with the existing segment S, and a new segment S is mounted in this space by the erector device 24. By repeating this operation, a tunnel having a predetermined length is excavated and formed.

  During the excavation, when the center cutter bit 35 of the cutter porks 33a, 33c, 33e or the cutter pork 33d is worn and the excavation efficiency is lowered, the cutter rows MC and SC are connected to the gate mechanism 47 and the connecting shaft 48 or the gate mechanism 43. In addition, the worn center cutter bit 35 can be replaced with a new one by pulling it into the cutter housing box 49 via the connecting shaft 44 with a hydraulic jack or the like, as in the conventional traction type cutter replacement system (trailing method). it can. Of course, a large amount of grease is filled in the guide rail 46 that is emptied by the drawing of the cutter rows MC and SC, so that the intrusion of excavated earth and sand can be prevented.

  On the other hand, at the time of underground joining, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 8, both mud type shield excavators are in a state where the receiving side mud type shield excavator and the penetrating side mud type shield excavator face each other at the joining position. The inner cylinder 38 of each of the cut spokes 33a to 33f is contracted by a spoke expansion / contraction jack 37, and the tip portion thereof is extracted from the cutout of the outer ring 39. Thereby, in the cutter head 12 of both muddy water type shield excavators, the outer peripheral ring 39 and the front ends of the respective cut spokes 33a to 33f and the face plate 40 that exposes the respective cut spokes 33a to 33f through the earth and sand intake opening 40a. Clearance C is formed between the outer periphery of

  At this time, the guide spokes 46a on the inner cylinder 38 side move (shrink) together with the inner cylinder 38 in the catspokes 33a, 33c, 33e of both mud shield type excavators, and the intermediate support beam 13 Therefore, the cutter rows MC and SC are drawn in advance into the cutter accommodating box 49 via the gate mechanism 47 and the connecting shaft 48 with a hydraulic jack or the like.

  In this state, the penetrating ring extrusion jack 52 of the penetrating mud shield shield excavator is extended to push the penetrating ring 51 forward of the excavator body 10. As a result, the penetrating ring 51 advances through the clearance C, and the tip end portion of the penetrating ring 51 comes into pressure contact with the pressure receiving rubber ring 29 of the receiving-side muddy water type shield excavator, thereby realizing underground joining.

  After that, as in the conventional mechanical underground joint method, the so-called built-in objects such as the cutter head 12 of the both muddy water type shield excavator and its drive unit are disassembled, and the tunnel is opened.

  In this way, according to the present embodiment, the guide rail 46 in the cutter spokes 33a, 33c, 33e is divided into two parts between the extendable inner cylinder 38 and the fixed intermediate support beam 13, and the spoke extension jack 37 At the time of contraction, the guide rail 46a on the inner cylinder 38 side moves (contracts) integrally with the inner cylinder 38 under the state where the main cutter array MC and the sub cutter array SC are drawn into the cutter accommodating box 49 side. In addition, since it is separable from the guide rail 46b on the side of the intermediate support beam 13, even in the muddy water type shield excavator used for the mechanical underground joint method, the spoke expansion / contraction jack 37 is extended during normal excavation. By connecting the guide rail 46a on the cylinder 38 side and the guide rail 46b on the intermediate support beam 13 side, the towed cutter replacement system can be easily used together, The operation of the towable cutter exchanging system can improve the workability and reduce the burden on the operator because the work can be reduced in the wide space in the excavator main body 10 and the work cost can be reduced without the need for improving the panel. The effect can be fully enjoyed.

  On the other hand, at the time of underground joining, the spoke expansion and contraction jacks 37 in the state where the main cutter row MC and the sub cutter row SC are drawn into the cutter housing box 49 side in the cutter porks 33a, 33c, 33e of both mud shield type excavators. The inner cylinder 38 is easily contracted in the same manner as the other cutter spokes 33b, 33d and 33f by contracting the guide rail 46a on the inner cylinder 38 side and separating the guide rail 46b on the intermediate support beam 13 side. Can do.

  Thereby, in the cutter head 12 of both muddy water type shield excavators, the outer peripheral ring 39 and the front ends of the respective cut spokes 33a to 33f and the face plate 40 that exposes the respective cut spokes 33a to 33f through the earth and sand intake opening 40a. Since the clearance C is formed between the outer periphery of the machine and the machine, it is possible to carry out the mechanical underground joining method smoothly, and there is no need for ground improvement by auxiliary methods such as chemical injection method, high-pressure jet stirring method, freezing method, etc. Compared to this construction method, the construction period can be greatly shortened, and the effects of the mechanical underground joining method can be fully enjoyed.

  As a result, a long-distance tunnel can be constructed in a short construction period, and construction costs can be greatly reduced.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various changes such as changes in the number of cutter spokes adopting a traction-type cutter exchanging mechanism and changes in the joining structure in the mechanical underground joint method without departing from the gist of the present invention. Needless to say, this is possible.

  Although the tunnel excavator of the present invention has been described as a muddy water type shield excavator, it can also be applied to an earth pressure type shield excavator or a tunnel boring machine in which a plurality of roller cutter rows are provided at the center of a cutter pork. When applied to a tunnel boring machine, not only cutter bits but also roller cutter rows may be movable.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Excavator body 11 Bearing 12 Cutter head 13 Intermediate support beam 14 Ring gear 15 Cutter turning motor 16 Drive gear 17 Bulkhead 18 Chamber 19 Mud pipe 20 Mud pipe 21 Shield jack 22 Support wall 23 Swivel ring 24 Elector device 25 Swivel Motor for driving ring 26 Mounting base 27 Shape holding device 28 Jack 29 Pressure-receiving rubber ring (ring-shaped receiving part)
30 Agitator 31 Center tube 32 Leading cutter bit (fish tail cutter)
33a to 33f Cutter pork 34 Side cutter bit 35 Center cutter bit 36 Outer cylinder 37 Spoke telescopic jack 38 Inner cylinder 39 Outer ring 40 Face plate 40a Earth and sand intake opening 41 Guide cylinder 42 Guide rail 43 Gate mechanism 44 Connecting shaft 45 Guide cylinder 46 Guide Rail 46a Inner cylinder side guide rail 46b Intermediate support beam side guide rail 47 Gate mechanism 48 Connection shaft 49 Cutter storage box 50 Copy cutter 51 Penetration ring 52 Penetration ring extrusion jack C Clearance S Segment MC Main cutter row SC Sub cutter row

Claims (4)

Tunnel excavation used for mechanical underground jointing with a cutter head that has either a penetrating ring or a ring-shaped receiving part that accepts this penetrating ring on the inner circumference of the front of the excavator body In the machine
A cutter row in which a plurality of cutter bits are flexibly connected is supported on a guide rail provided on the cutter pork and the intermediate support beam so as to be slidable, and the cutter bit can be replaced.
The guide rail is divided into a cutter spoke side and an intermediate support beam side, and the guide rail on the cutter spoke side can be slid in the radial direction of the cutter head.
Tunnel excavator for underground joint method with towable cutter replacement mechanism. The cutter spoke is composed of an outer cylinder fixed to a central cylinder portion and an inner cylinder that can be expanded and contracted with respect to the outer cylinder by a spoke expansion / contraction jack, and the guide rail on the cutter spoke side is fixed to the inner cylinder. The tunnel excavator for underground jointing method with a towed cutter replacement mechanism according to claim 1. Within the guide rails, a main cutter string part of the center cutter bits is located in the outer peripheral portion of the Kattahe' de is drivingly connected to a series via a link mechanism or the like is supported with auxiliary cutter row having no center cutter bit The tunnel excavating machine for underground jointing method with a traction type cutter exchanging mechanism according to claim 1 or 2.   The guide rail on the cutter spoke side is slid in the radial direction of the cutter head in a state where the cutter row is pulled and slid to the intermediate support beam side during underground jointing. Tunnel excavator for underground joint method with towable cutter replacement mechanism described in 1.

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