JP2003335597A - Paste fertilizer for lowland rice - Google Patents
Paste fertilizer for lowland riceInfo
- Publication number
- JP2003335597A JP2003335597A JP2002146690A JP2002146690A JP2003335597A JP 2003335597 A JP2003335597 A JP 2003335597A JP 2002146690 A JP2002146690 A JP 2002146690A JP 2002146690 A JP2002146690 A JP 2002146690A JP 2003335597 A JP2003335597 A JP 2003335597A
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- Prior art keywords
- rice
- mass
- fertilizer
- paste
- growth
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】本発明はペースト肥料、特に水稲
の初期生育に有効な水稲用ペースト肥料に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】ペースト肥料は固体肥料と液体肥料の中
間的性状を有し、施肥機の開発・改良、肥料の物性改善
等により、肥料が灌水された水田の土壌中の所定位置に
所定量確実に施用できるようになったことから、環境保
全あるいは農家の省力化要請等と相俟って水稲において
その使用量は年々増加している。
【０００３】ところで、全国的に水稲苗の移植時期は早
まる傾向にあり、一般的にペースト肥料を使用して側条
施肥田植を行った場合、初期生育が促進されるといわれ
ている。しかしながら、現在市販されているペースト肥
料は、現在各地で行われているほど早期に水稲苗を移植
することを考えて設計・製造された肥料ではない。従っ
て早植えすればするほど低水温などの気象条件が水稲の
生育に適さなくなり、生育が抑制されるという問題が生
じている。また、ある場合には生育が停滞することさえ
ある。このような場合、出穂時期などがずれて穂肥の適
期を間違えることも起こっている。
【０００４】市販されているペースト肥料を使用した場
合、例えば通常の移植時期より１週間早く移植しても、
出穂日および成熟日はほんの２〜３日程度しか早まら
ず、早期移植・早期収穫の利点を活かすことができな
い。また、請負農家にとっては、請負各水田圃場の移植
時期をずらして収穫時期を分散させようとしても収穫期
がほぼ同じ時期になり、移植の分散効果がなく収穫期の
集中により労働負担が大きくなっている。
【０００５】このような現状が把握されているにも拘わ
らず、水稲の生育を促進させるペースト肥料の開発が行
われなかった主な理由は、高成分ペースト肥料を製造す
る場合、肥料原料として高成分のものを使用せざるを得
なかったため、肥料原料が尿素（ＴＮ ４６％）、りん
酸アンモニウム（Ｐ2Ｏ5 ４６〜５１％）、塩化加里
（Ｋ2Ｏ ６０％以上）など何種類かに限定され、画一化
されていたこと、ペースト肥料の粘度などの性状および
保存中の結晶発生あるいは輸送中の相分離がないことな
ど特に品質が重要視されていたこと、移植時期の気象条
件と作物の養分吸収等が考慮された肥料の成分比でなか
ったことなどである。
【０００６】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】そこで、本発明者らは
植物生理、気象条件、肥料の成分バランス、特に肥料成
分に注目して種々検討を重ねた結果本発明を完成したも
のである。
【０００７】
【課題を解決するための手段】即ち、本発明は下記
（１）〜（３）の要件を満足する水稲用ペースト肥料に
関する。
（１）ＡＮ／ＴＮ（質量比）＝０．３〜０．６（但し、
ＡＮおよびＴＮはそれぞれ肥料公定規格に記載されるア
ンモニア性窒素及び窒素全量を示す。）
（２）硫黄粉末(Ｓ)／ＴＮ（質量比）＝０．０３〜１．
５０
（３）ＴＮとして１０質量％以上、りん酸、加里をＰ2
Ｏ5、Ｋ2Ｏとしてそれぞれ８質量％以上含有し且つ合計
量が３０〜４０質量％
本発明の優れた効果は、気象条件が水稲の最適生育条件
から少しずれていても水稲の生育を促進できることであ
る。
【０００８】本発明の効果発現については定かでない
が、現在市販されているペースト肥料を用いて早期側条
施肥田植えを行っても、低水温による根の活着の遅延な
どによって水稲苗の生育抑制、生育停滞が起こる。その
生育抑制期間、あるいは生育停滞期間は気象条件等によ
って変わるが、おおよそ７〜１４日程度続く。
【０００９】しかしながら、上記（１）〜（３）の要件
を満足する肥料、即ち本発明水稲用ペースト肥料を用い
ると、移植時期の低水温にも拘わらず、また機械移植時
の植え傷みなどがあった場合に於いても、生育が速やか
に始まり炭酸同化作用によって茎葉部が充実する。その
ため生育が促進され、出穂日、成熟日も早くなる。この
現象は本発明水稲用ペースト肥料の成分バランスおよび
選択成分が水稲の生育、特に初期生育に最も適した形に
なっているためと推定される。
【００１０】
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明について詳記する。
本発明水稲用ペースト肥料の製造に使用する窒素、りん
酸、加里、その他の原料としては、特に制限されるもの
ではなく、通常肥料原料として利用されるものを使用す
ることができる。例えば、塩安、硫安、硝安、りん安、
尿素、りん酸、硫酸加里、塩化加里、苛性加里、硫酸苦
土、骨粉、各種発酵廃液、油粕などである。また、これ
らとともに必要に応じて、硼素、マンガン、鉄などの微
量要素を使用することもできる。
【００１１】次に本発明水稲用ペースト肥料の製造方法
について言えば、周知の各種ペースト肥料の製造方法を
踏襲すれば良く、格別変わるところはない。例えば反応
槽に水と所望成分濃度になるように窒素、りん酸、加里
原料および硫黄粉末を投入する。硫黄粉末としては、粉
末硫黄またはこれを水に分散しゾル化した市販の硫黄ゾ
ルを使用することができる。また、必要に応じ微量要素
を投入する。
【００１２】次いで、よく撹拌し、望ましくは湿式粉砕
する。湿式粉砕に際しては、通常のボールミル等を使用
すればよい。ペースト肥料の粘度調節剤あるいは相分離
防止剤として、澱粉、糖蜜、アルコール発酵副産物、ベ
ントナイト、ＣＭＣ、ポリエチレングリコールなどを使
用することもできる。尚、本発明の対象とするペースト
肥料の粘度は特に限定されないが、一般的に言えば３０
０〜３０００ｃｐである。
【００１３】さて、次に、本発明の骨子である水稲用ペ
ースト肥料の製品組成について言えば、
（１）ＡＮ／ＴＮ（質量比）＝０．３〜０．６（但し、
ＡＮ及びＴＮはそれぞれ肥料公定規格に記載するアンモ
ニア性窒素及び窒素全量を示す。）
（２）硫黄粉末(Ｓ)／ＴＮ（質量比）＝０．０３〜１．
５０
（３）ＴＮとして１０質量％以上、りん酸、加里をＰ2
Ｏ5、Ｋ2Ｏとしてそれぞれ８質量％以上含有し且つその
合計量が３０〜４０質量％
であることである。即ち、上記の範囲から逸脱すると水
稲の生育を促進する効果を期待できない。
【００１４】以上詳記したような方法により、本発明に
よれば極めて容易に、また極めて経済的に水稲の生育促
進をはかることができる。
【００１５】
【実施例】以下に本発明の実施例を掲げて更に説明する
が、特に断らない限り、％は全て質量％を示す。
【００１６】（実施例１〜４、比較例１〜２）所定量の
水に略下表１の製品分析値となるように尿素、硫黄粉
末、塩安、りん安、りん酸、塩加、苛性加里、アミノ酸
発酵廃液を加え、よく撹拌した後、ボールミルを用いて
湿式粉砕し、表１の各種ペースト肥料を製造した。この
ペースト肥料を水稲の栽培試験に使用した。尚、水稲苗
移植には、側条ペースト肥料施肥田植機を使用した。施
肥量は窒素として３．０ｋｇ／１０ａとした。表１にペ
ースト肥料製品分析値を、表２、表３に水稲の生育状態
の調査結果を示す。
１．水稲栽培条件
品 種：キヌヒカリ
移植日：４月２５日
追 肥：出穂２０日前と１０日前に実施例、比較例のど
ちらも窒素として２ｋｇ（／１０ａ）の肥料を追肥とし
て施用した。
なお、草丈、茎数は２０株平均の数値とした。
【００１７】
【表１】
【００１８】
【表２】
【００１９】
【表３】
【００２０】表１の結果から明らかなように、比較例１
においてはＡＮ／ＴＮ比が本発明の範囲を逸脱してお
り、比較例２においては硫黄粉末の含有量が少ないた
め、いずれも水稲の出穂日および成熟期が遅れてしまう
結果となった。これに対し、本発明のペースト肥料に於
いては水稲の出穂日および成熟期を早めることができ
る。
【００２１】
【発明の効果】本発明ペースト肥料は、現在市販されて
いるペースト肥料に比べて初期生育が促進され出穂日、
成熟日も早くなるという優れた効果を有する。Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a paste fertilizer, and more particularly to a paste fertilizer for paddy rice which is effective for the initial growth of paddy rice. 2. Description of the Related Art Paste fertilizers have intermediate properties between solid fertilizers and liquid fertilizers. Due to the development and improvement of fertilizers and the improvement of the properties of fertilizers, etc., the fertilizers are placed at predetermined positions in the paddy field soil. The use of rice in paddy rice has been increasing year by year in conjunction with environmental conservation or the demands of farmers for labor saving, because it has become possible to reliably apply a predetermined amount to rice. [0003] By the way, the transplanting time of rice seedlings tends to be earlier in the whole country, and it is generally said that the initial growth is promoted when side fertilizing rice is planted using paste fertilizer. However, paste fertilizers currently on the market are not fertilizers designed and manufactured with the aim of transplanting rice seedlings as early as is currently practiced in various places. Therefore, the more early the plant is planted, the more the weather conditions such as low water temperature become unsuitable for the growth of paddy rice, and there is a problem that the growth is suppressed. In some cases, growth may even stagnate. In such a case, the heading time and the like are shifted, and the appropriate time for ear manure is mistaken. [0004] When a commercially available paste fertilizer is used, for example, even if transplanted one week earlier than normal transplantation time,
The heading date and the maturation date are advanced only about two to three days, and the advantages of early transplantation and early harvest cannot be utilized. In addition, for contract farmers, the harvest period is almost the same even if the harvest time is dispersed by shifting the transplant time in each contracted paddy field, and the labor burden increases due to the concentration of the harvest period without the dispersion effect of the transplant. ing. [0005] Despite the fact that this situation is known, the main reason why the development of paste fertilizers for promoting the growth of paddy rice has not been carried out is that when producing high-component paste fertilizers, high-quality paste fertilizers are used. Since the ingredients had to be used, there were several types of fertilizer raw materials such as urea (TN 46%), ammonium phosphate (P 2 O 5 46-51%), potassium chloride (K 2 O 60% or more). The quality of the paste fertilizer, such as its viscosity and other properties, and the absence of crystallization during storage or phase separation during transport And the ratio of fertilizers was not considered in consideration of nutrient absorption of crops. The inventors of the present invention have conducted various studies focusing on plant physiology, weather conditions, and the balance of fertilizer components, particularly on the fertilizer components, and have completed the present invention. is there. That is, the present invention relates to a paste fertilizer for paddy rice which satisfies the following requirements (1) to (3). (1) AN / TN (mass ratio) = 0.3 to 0.6 (however,
AN and TN indicate the ammonia nitrogen and the total amount of nitrogen described in the official fertilizer standards, respectively. (2) Sulfur powder (S) / TN (mass ratio) = 0.03-1.
50 (3) 10% by mass or more as TN, phosphoric acid and potassium in P 2
O 5, K 2 excellent effects and the total amount contained 8 wt% or more respectively as O 30-40 wt% The present invention facilitates the growth of rice even weather conditions have slightly deviated from the optimum growth conditions for rice What you can do. Although the effect of the present invention is not known, it is difficult to control the growth of paddy rice seedlings by delaying root vigor due to low water temperature, even if early fertilizer is planted using commercially available paste fertilizer. Growth stagnation occurs. The growth suppression period or the growth stagnation period varies depending on weather conditions and the like, but lasts approximately 7-14 days. However, when a fertilizer that satisfies the above requirements (1) to (3), that is, the paste fertilizer for paddy rice of the present invention, is used, despite the low water temperature at the time of transplantation, and damage to planting during mechanical transplantation. In some cases, the growth starts immediately and the foliage is enhanced by carbonic acid assimilation. Therefore, growth is promoted, and the heading date and maturity date are also earlier. This phenomenon is presumed to be due to the fact that the component balance and selected components of the paste fertilizer for paddy rice of the present invention are in a form most suitable for the growth of paddy rice, particularly the initial growth. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium, and other raw materials used for producing the paste fertilizer for paddy rice of the present invention are not particularly limited, and those usually used as fertilizer raw materials can be used. For example, salt ammonium, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, phosphorus ammonium,
It includes urea, phosphoric acid, sulfated potassium, chlorided potassium, caustic potassium, magnesium sulfate, bone meal, various fermentation waste liquors, and oil cake. In addition, if necessary, trace elements such as boron, manganese, and iron can be used. Next, regarding the method for producing the paste fertilizer for paddy rice of the present invention, any known method for producing paste fertilizer may be used, and there is no particular change. For example, water, nitrogen, phosphoric acid, raw materials for kali and sulfur powder are charged into a reaction vessel so as to have a desired component concentration. As the sulfur powder, powdered sulfur or a commercially available sulfur sol obtained by dispersing the powdered sulfur in water and forming a sol can be used. In addition, a trace element is introduced as needed. Next, the mixture is well stirred and desirably wet pulverized. At the time of wet pulverization, an ordinary ball mill or the like may be used. Starch, molasses, alcohol fermentation by-products, bentonite, CMC, polyethylene glycol, and the like can also be used as a viscosity modifier or a phase separation inhibitor for the paste fertilizer. The viscosity of the paste fertilizer to be used in the present invention is not particularly limited.
0 to 3000 cp. Next, regarding the product composition of the rice paddy fertilizer that is the gist of the present invention, (1) AN / TN (mass ratio) = 0.3 to 0.6 (provided that:
AN and TN indicate the ammonia nitrogen and the total amount of nitrogen described in the official fertilizer standards, respectively. (2) Sulfur powder (S) / TN (mass ratio) = 0.03-1.
50 (3) 10% by mass or more as TN, phosphoric acid and potassium in P 2
O 5 and K 2 O are each contained in an amount of 8% by mass or more, and the total amount is 30 to 40% by mass. In other words, if it deviates from the above range, the effect of promoting the growth of rice cannot be expected. According to the method described in detail above, according to the present invention, the growth of paddy rice can be promoted extremely easily and economically. EXAMPLES The present invention will be further described below with reference to examples of the present invention. All percentages are by mass unless otherwise specified. (Examples 1 to 4, Comparative Examples 1 and 2) Urea, sulfur powder, ammonium salt, ammonium phosphate, phosphoric acid, salt addition were added to a predetermined amount of water so that the product analysis values shown in Table 1 below were obtained. Caustic potassium and waste liquid of amino acid fermentation were added, stirred well, and wet-pulverized using a ball mill to produce various paste fertilizers shown in Table 1. This paste fertilizer was used for a rice cultivation test. The paddy rice seedlings were transplanted using a side row paste fertilizer fertilizer paddy planter. The amount of fertilizer was 3.0 kg / 10a as nitrogen. Table 1 shows the analysis values of the paste fertilizer products, and Tables 2 and 3 show the results of the survey on the growth status of the paddy rice. 1. Conditions for paddy rice cultivation Species: Kinuhikari transplantation date: April 25, Additional fertilization: 2 kg (/ 10a) of fertilizer as nitrogen was applied as nitrogen for both Examples and Comparative Examples 20 days and 10 days before heading. The plant height and the number of stems were numerical values of the average of 20 plants. [Table 1] [Table 2] [Table 3] As is clear from the results in Table 1, Comparative Example 1
In Comparative Example 2, the AN / TN ratio deviated from the range of the present invention, and in Comparative Example 2, the content of sulfur powder was small. On the other hand, in the paste fertilizer of the present invention, the heading date and the maturing period of the rice can be advanced. According to the paste fertilizer of the present invention, the initial growth is promoted as compared with the paste fertilizer currently marketed,
It has an excellent effect that the maturation date is earlier.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 ＦＩ テーマコート゛(参考） Ｃ０５Ｄ 1/00 Ｃ０５Ｄ 1/00 Ｃ０５Ｇ 1/00 Ｃ０５Ｇ 1/00 Ｆ ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) C05D 1/00 C05D 1/00 C05G 1/00 C05G 1/00 F
Claims (1)
稲用ペースト肥料。 （１）ＡＮ／ＴＮ（質量比）＝０．３〜０．６（但し、
ＡＮ及びＴＮはそれぞれ肥料公定規格に記載するアンモ
ニア性窒素及び窒素全量を示す。） （２）硫黄粉末（Ｓ）／ＴＮ（質量比）＝０．０３〜
１．５０ （３）ＴＮとして１０質量％以上、りん酸、加里をＰ2
Ｏ5、Ｋ2Ｏとしてそれぞれ８質量％以上含有し且つその
合計量が３０〜４０質量％Claims 1. A paste fertilizer for paddy rice that satisfies the following requirements (1) to (3). (1) AN / TN (mass ratio) = 0.3 to 0.6 (however,
AN and TN indicate the ammonia nitrogen and the total amount of nitrogen described in the official fertilizer standards, respectively. (2) Sulfur powder (S) / TN (mass ratio) = 0.03-
1.50 (3) 10% by mass or more of TN, phosphoric acid and potassium in P 2
Each of O 5 and K 2 O contains at least 8% by mass and the total amount is 30 to 40% by mass.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002146690A JP4008751B2 (en) | 2002-05-21 | 2002-05-21 | Rice paste fertilizer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002146690A JP4008751B2 (en) | 2002-05-21 | 2002-05-21 | Rice paste fertilizer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2003335597A true JP2003335597A (en) | 2003-11-25 |
| JP4008751B2 JP4008751B2 (en) | 2007-11-14 |
Family
ID=29705594
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002146690A Expired - Fee Related JP4008751B2 (en) | 2002-05-21 | 2002-05-21 | Rice paste fertilizer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP4008751B2 (en) |
-
2002
- 2002-05-21 JP JP2002146690A patent/JP4008751B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP4008751B2 (en) | 2007-11-14 |
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