JP2003023970A - Method of production for collagen, chitin compound material obtained from fish scale and method of utilizing the same for food - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method separating a collagen, chitin compound material which is obtainable only from comparatively hard fish scale collected by artificially peeling, into a water-soluble low molecular weight compound material and an insoluble polymeric compound material by controlling high pressure processing condition and to provide a method of applying the same to food or the like. SOLUTION: This method produces the water-soluble low molecular weight compound material and the insoluble polymeric compound material by adding about six times of purified water to the transparent, lamellar crude collagen, chitin compound material which is obtained from a specific fish scale, and then sequentially carrying out a boiling or a high-pressure treatment, and the method applying the products to food.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention has found that a transparent organic thin film substance obtained by decalcifying fish scales such as Thailand and rockfish that is relatively hard is a collagen-chitin complex. Based on what has been done, the present invention relates to a production method for further separating these into a soluble low-molecular complex and an insoluble high-molecular complex, and a method of using them in foods.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The conventional method of using fish scales as foodstuff is to use scales such as sardines and saury which are relatively soft.
After degreasing, washing, and drying, the inorganic apatite and the organic collagen portion are directly pulverized and used as food materials without separating them.

Even if separated, most of the organic matter of these soft fish scales is pure collagen or does not contain chitin.

[0004] As a raw material other than collagen scale, there are those derived from animal or fish derived from skin and bone, but none of them contain chitin due to their raw material composition and production process.

The term "relatively soft scale" as used herein means a scale that naturally peels off from a fish body, and the "relatively hard scale" means scales that cannot be collected unless artificially peeled off using water pressure or the like.

[0006]

As described above, the collagen / chitinous complex exists only in the organic matter of the scales of fish, especially the scales of relatively hard fish species.

[0007] These hard scale organic substances are a composite material in which several percent of chitin is used as the core and three woven fibers of collagen are entangled with each other, and it can be said to be a novel natural material which has never existed before.

In the conventional use of collagen, whether it is of animal origin, fish skin or bone origin, its components are pure collagen, gelatin, and their degradation products in the form of peptides, tablets, powders and granules. It is in the form of capsules, liquids, etc., and is handled as food, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, etc.

On the other hand, chitin is handled in a similar shape mainly from raw materials derived from crab and shrimp. In addition, a health supplement that displays the characteristics and efficacy of both of these ingredients in an appropriate amount is also handled.

However, these are merely a mixture of both components, not a natural complex of both components as in the present invention.

Collagen and chitin, which constitute an organic substance of relatively hard scale, have a role as soil for growing living cells and are main components of so-called matrix.

[0012] These matrices are composed of collagen fibers mainly composed of structure, polysaccharides such as chitin, and further glycoproteins. The complex of the present invention is a collagen degradation product in the process of reducing the molecular weight thereof. It is an epoch-making material that satisfies all the matrix components required for cell regeneration and vitality enhancement by producing glycoproteins by the reaction of polysaccharide degradation products.

[0013] As the efficacy of collagen, cell activation, regeneration, healing of osteoporosis, etc., and in chitin, antitumor property, low cholesterol, diet effect, etc. have been recognized.

The collagen / chitinous complex of the present invention is
However, these effects are combined, and their synergistic effect due to the action of a trace amount of matrix component has already been confirmed by the results of clinical trials and questionnaire surveys.

Therefore, the present invention provides an epoch-making preventive agent for maintaining health, which activates unprecedented cells to enhance immunity by using a collagen-chitin complex. It is expected to become a necessary item for the aging society in the future.

[0016]

In order to achieve the above object, in order to obtain the collagen-chitinous complex of the present invention,
Using a relatively hard scale as a raw material, after a normal deashing treatment, a transparent, thin-film crude raw material composite is first produced.

About 6 times the volume ratio of purified water was added to the obtained crude material complex, and the mixture was placed in a high-pressure reactor.
Treatment is performed in the range of 0.1 to 0.2 megapascals for about 1 to 5 hours to separate the insoluble polymer and the water-soluble low-molecular complex.

The insoluble polymer complex remaining after this treatment is filtered with a cotton cloth, washed with water, dried and pulverized to obtain a raw material such as tablets.

On the other hand, the water-soluble low-molecular complex obtained as a filtrate is concentrated to an appropriate concentration, usually 10% solution,
The product is made as an aqueous solution or a powder as an aqueous solution or as a water-soluble powder by a spray dryer or the like.

Depending on the high pressure treatment conditions, the yield of the insoluble polymer composite is 10 to 15% of the original crude material composite.

It has been confirmed that the insoluble polymer complex contains about 1 to 9% of chitin and the rest is collagen having an average molecular weight of 100,000 to 200,000.

The collagen in the water-soluble low-molecular-weight complex is decomposed to almost the peptide level and has an average molecular weight of about 14,000. Presence is confirmed on the order of 1-2%.

[0023]

The water-soluble low-molecular-weight complex of the present invention is usually extracted as a 10% aqueous solution from the viewpoint of viscosity, workability, and preservability. The reason for this is that cell growth by Chinese mice is caused especially near this concentration. This is because, as a result of the test, it is also the concentration at which the optimum growth effect is exhibited.

As a clinical test of these water-soluble low-molecular-weight complexes, an average age of 32.8 years old, 4 males, 15 females, totaling 19 healthy subjects, 30 cm ³ of 10% aqueous solution per day Before tasting, 2 weeks after taking, 1 month, 2
The change in blood amino acid concentration was measured by a total of four blood samplings at the month of month, and the safety of liver, kidney, and pancreas functions was evaluated by biochemical tests.

As a result, most of the amino acids in blood increased to 20 to 25% before tasting in the second week, and
It was found that there are two series of taurine, glycine, threonine, or proline, arginine, methionine, etc., which decrease until the end of a month, but increase again after the end of 2 months, or slightly decrease as they are.

From these results, first, no functional impairment was observed by biochemical examination, and therefore, the safety of the water-soluble low-molecular complex of the present invention was confirmed.

On the other hand, the concentration of most amino acids in the blood is maximized within 2 weeks after administration, which means that the water-soluble low-molecular complex of the present invention is digested and absorbed in the gastrointestinal very easily. Has been proved, and therefore, it has characteristics of excellent immediate effect.

When the water-soluble low-molecular weight complex of the present invention is taken, the blood amino acid concentration after 2 weeks is, for example, hydroxyproline which has a regenerating effect on bare skin, glycine which increases the water content of the dermis, and methionine which improves the whitening effect. In addition, arginine, etc., which is energy-enhancing, has been increasing.

It should be noted that taurine and tryptophan, which do not exist as the constituent amino acids of the water-soluble low molecular weight complex, are confirmed to have the same increasing tendency.

Also, the specific one is that hydroxyproline, which is necessary for the regeneration of bare skin, shows the maximum blood concentration 2 weeks after the administration, but unlike other amino acids, it rapidly decreases thereafter and disappears. Means that hydroxyproline in the blood has been used and consumed for dermal regeneration, etc., and the dermal regeneration cycle is significantly shorter than that of normal animal-derived collagen, and it has excellent immediate effect. Is shown.

It has been confirmed that ornithine, which is the first precursor of hydroxyproline, is already increasing one month later, and that the next cycle of hydroxyproline production is being prepared.

The results of these clinical trials are almost supported by the results of a questionnaire survey of 50 people, and interviews with more than 1,000 people so far. For example, makeup glue without wrinkles, spots, and creases on the eyes has been removed. Sign well with the comments that he was better, the pain in his knees was gone, he was able to sit upright, and he was less tired.

On the other hand, the insoluble polymer complex has a similar effect, and it has been confirmed by tablet-type tasting, but since it contains more chitin than the water-soluble low-molecular complex, it does not activate cells. In addition, it has been found to be effective in healing joint pains such as knees, shoulders and lower back.

Most of the collagen of the insoluble polymer complex can be solubilized by the enzyme pepsin, and the chitin in the complex is also a β-chitin with good digestibility, and the molecular weight varies depending on the high pressure treatment conditions. It is easily decomposed by enzymes such as vegetables, and also dissolved in acidic digestive juices.

Of the collagen-chitinous complex, the water-soluble low-molecular complex can be taken as a cell-activating aqueous solution having excellent digestion and absorption properties and immediate effect.
The insoluble polymer complex becomes a tablet or granule type when taken, and is slightly inferior to the water-soluble low-molecular complex in digestion and absorbability, but it has a high chitin content, so it is effective in healing joint pain. Excel.

【Example】

A relatively hard scale 10 such as Japanese pampas grass and Thailand
Add 60 liters of water to kg, stir well, degrease and wash with a thin alkali, edible detergent, etc. The same amount of fresh water is replaced, and edible acetic acid, citric acid, lactic acid, etc. are added thereto, 40% of the scales are calcium phosphate, and the calculated reaction amounts are added, respectively, and the mixture is stirred until bubbles are not generated.

Then, these are transferred to a basket to obtain the remaining transparent, thin-film crude collagen and chitinous complex.

The crude collagen and chitinous complex were placed in a high-pressure reactor, and about 60 liters of purified water was added,
Heat and pressurize at 0.1 megapascals for 3 hours.

As the pressurizing conditions, the standard is 0.1 to 0.2 megapascals and the heating time is 1 to 5 hours, but these conditions are different depending on the input amount of the raw material complex.

After the high-pressure treatment, a water-soluble low-molecular complex and an insoluble high-molecular complex are filtered and separated using a cotton cloth.

The water-soluble low molecular weight complex solution of the filtrate is further placed in a simmer and concentrated and heated to a concentration of 10%.

On the other hand, the insoluble polymer composite is washed with water, dehydrated, dried and pulverized to finally obtain tablets or granules.

The concentration of the water-soluble low-molecular complex is usually 10%, but the concentration can be adjusted by adjusting the boiling time.

Further, it is possible to make them water-soluble powders by spray drying, a microwave device, etc. In this case, the yield is about 80%.

As an example, 0038, 0039, 00
It is also possible to perform the simmering treatment of 0041 before the pressure treatment of 40.

In this case, it is standard to stop the heat treatment when the concentration of the aqueous solution is 10%.

Further, by using a solid acid catalyst that promotes decomposition of low-molecular substances during boiling or high-pressure treatment, it is possible to more efficiently reduce the molecular weight of the complex.

For example, to 90 g of zeolite, 8 g of hydroxyapatite, 2 g of a binder and a small amount of water were added and mixed well, and this was molded into a spherical shape having a diameter of about 3 cm,
By putting about 30 catalysts that have been calcined at 900 ° C. for 3 hours and causing them to react with each other, the decomposition of lipids and the lowering of the molecular weight of the complex are promoted.

The catalyst is intended for all combinations of zeolite and apatite.

As a food application, the water-soluble low molecular weight complex can be drunk or eaten directly or mixed with most of coffee, milk, yogurt, beer natto and the like without any discomfort.

In particular, it is recognized that the blood pressure is normalized by producing lactotripeptides due to a synergistic effect with the lactic acid bacterium food.

It is also known that natto acts with the natto bacteria contained therein to assist the production of vitamin K ₂ and to help cure osteoporosis.

In the case of the insoluble polymer composite, those powders are liquid foods such as noodle soups and miso soups, vegetable salad ingredients, fried rice ingredients, dumpling ingredients, kamaboko ingredients and bread ingredients. You can mix it with food, rice, and so on.

[0054]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY As described above, the present invention uses a relatively hard fish scale that is artificially peeled off as a raw material, and is made of a collagen- and chitin-based water-soluble low-molecular complex and an insoluble high-molecular complex. By producing the body, in addition to using it as a food material as it is, by adding it to other food materials, it is possible to manufacture high value-added foods and dietary supplements that show immediate effects on cell activation etc. .

By solidifying both the water-soluble low-molecular compound and the insoluble high-molecular compound, it is possible to almost semipermanently preserve the composition, and therefore a small amount can be used as a highly nutritious emergency food or a space food.

The scales of fish are discarded in large quantities mainly in ocean countries in the world, but most of them are not used at all by incineration or landfill, and these are accompanied by fish. The present invention contributes to the utilization of unused resources, and thus to environmental problems, as they are discharged and considered as recycled resources.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI theme code (reference) A61P 37/04 A61P 43/00 107 43/00 107 A61K 37/12 F term (reference) 4B018 MD20 MD41 MD74 ME05 ME08 MF01 MF10 4C084 AA02 BA03 DC50 MA02 NA05 ZB09 ZB22 ZC75 4C086 AA01 EA23 MA02 MA04 NA05 ZB09 ZB22 ZC75 4C087 AA01 BB29 CA14 CA16 CA47 MA02 MA52 NA05 ZB09 ZB22 ZC75

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A method for producing a water-soluble low-molecular weight and insoluble high-molecular weight collagen and a chitinous complex obtained by decalcifying relatively hard fish scales. 2. A method for using the collagen and chitinous complex obtained in claim 1 in various foods.