JP2002263516A - Garbage crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a garbage crusher capable of crushing garbage so as to become suitable for piling a mixture of obtained crushed matter and bacterial compost to naturally purify the same. SOLUTION: The garbage crusher is equipped with a casing, which has a garbage charging part, a crushing part of charged garbage and a discharge part of crushed garbage, at least two rotary shafts mounted in the crushing part, a plurality of cutting blades mounted at every rotary shaft and a drive means of the rotary shafts. The garbage charged in the casing from the charging part is crushed between the mutual cutting blades and/or between the cutting blades and the casing in the crushing part.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a garbage crusher. Mixing various types of food waste and food waste generated from food processing factories and distribution processes, as well as canteens and homes where food is cooked, with bacterial cell components that have the function of biologically decomposing them. Attempts have been made to pile up the mixture, perform appropriate turning and water replenishing operations during the pile, and purify itself. Specifically, for example, garbage is crushed, and the crushed material whose water content is adjusted as necessary is mixed with the bacterial cell composition at a ratio of 1 / 0.5 to 1 / 1.5 (volume ratio). The pile is piled up, and 3-5 times of turning and rehydration work are performed during the pile, and the temperature is raised to 40-75.
40 to 50% while maintaining the temperature and the moisture at 50 to 70%.
It has been attempted to ferment for days and decompose and volatilize most of the organic matter in the garbage into carbon dioxide and water.

[0002] In order to promote natural purification of garbage by such piles, a compost composed of a soil bacterial group having a metabolic function of phenolic substances and metabolites thereof is used as a cell body compost, and the water replenishment operation is carried out. Attempts have been made to spray a fertilizer culture solution, and to pile piles indoors with wooden chips laid on the sides and bottom.In addition to these, one of the other important requirements is that garbage and bacteria There is crushing of garbage that will increase the chances of contact with body compost. It is important to crush various miscellaneous garbage having different sizes, shapes, and even properties so as to be suitable for natural purification in the pile as described above. The present invention relates to a crusher suitable for use in natural purification by stacking of garbage as described above.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various types of garbage crushers have been proposed (JP-A-7-204533, JP-A-9-75).
767, JP-A-10-314616, JP-A-11-31
9615). However, these garbage crushers have a problem that garbage is made into a liquid or semi-liquid state.
When the garbage becomes liquid or semi-liquid, it is extremely inconvenient to mix them with the bacterial cell composition and pile them up. A fermenter is required to mix and ferment the liquid or semi-liquid state with the bacterial cell composition, and it is necessary to separate the solids and liquids after fermentation and separately treat wastewater. (JP-A-9-29217).

[0004]

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to pile up a mixture of the obtained crushed material and the bacterial cell composition to crush food garbage so as to be suitable for natural purification. To provide a garbage crusher that can

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a casing having a garbage input section, a crushed section for input garbage, and a discharge section for crushed garbage, and a casing mounted on the crushed section. At least two rotating shafts and a plurality of cutting blades mounted on each of the rotating shafts, and driving means for the rotating shafts, and cutting garbage thrown into the casing from the throwing portion in the crushing portion at the cutting portion. A garbage crusher adapted to crush between each other and / or between a cutting blade and a casing.

In the garbage crusher according to the present invention, the casing has a garbage input section, a crushed section for the input garbage, and a discharge section for the crushed garbage. Usually, in order to utilize the self-weight fall of the garbage in the casing, a charging part is formed at the upper part of the casing, a crushing part is formed at the middle part, and a discharging part is further formed at the lower part. As the input section, and also as the crushing section, the middle part of the casing mounted with a rotating shaft having a plurality of cutting blades,
Further, the lower chute of the casing can be used as a discharge portion.

In the garbage crusher according to the present invention,
At least two rotating shafts are mounted on the crushing portion of the casing described above. The mounting form of each rotating shaft, its rotating direction, its driving means and the number thereof are not particularly limited as long as the number is two or more. For example, each axis of rotation is parallel in the vertical direction,
It can be fixedly mounted, and each rotating shaft can be rotated in the same direction, and each rotating shaft can be connected to a common driving means, and the number thereof is three or more. You can also. However, it is preferable that each rotation shaft is mounted in parallel in the horizontal direction, and it is preferable that the rotation shafts are mounted so that the interval between adjacent rotation shafts is variable. Further, it is preferable that each rotating shaft is rotated in the opposite direction between adjacent rotating shafts. Further, it is preferable that each of the rotation shafts is independently connected to a motor having a reduction mechanism as a driving means or an inverter-controlled motor. Further, the number is preferably two.

Further, in the garbage crusher according to the present invention,
A plurality of cutting blades are mounted on each of the rotating shafts.
The mounting means on each rotating shaft of the plurality of cutting blades, the mutual relationship and the shape or structure of the plurality of cutting blades mounted on each rotating shaft,
If the distance between each cutting blade and the distance between the tip of each cutting blade and the inner peripheral surface of the casing in the crushing part are set so that the garbage thrown in as a whole does not pass as it is,
There is no particular limitation. For example, a plurality of cutting blades can be fixedly mounted on each rotating shaft, or a plurality of cutting blades mounted on one rotating shaft and mounted on another rotating shaft adjacent thereto. A gap may be provided between the end portions of the plurality of cutting blades, and each of the plurality of cutting blades may be formed in a disk shape. However, it is preferable that the plurality of cutting blades are detachably mounted on each rotating shaft and are mounted so that the distance between adjacent cutting blades is variable. In addition, the tips of the plurality of cutting blades mounted on one rotating shaft and the tips of the plurality of cutting blades mounted on another rotating shaft adjacent thereto are alternately overlapped when viewed from the axial direction. It is preferable to set up. Further, it is preferable that each of the plurality of cutting blades has a ring-shaped portion formed with a hole in the peripheral surface corresponding to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft, and a blade portion protruding radially from the ring-shaped portion.

The garbage crusher according to the present invention includes the above-described casing, a rotating shaft, a cutting blade, and a driving means, and feeds garbage thrown into the casing from an input portion between the cutting blades in the crushing portion and between the cutting blades. And / or crushing between the cutting blade and the casing. Two rotating shafts are horizontally mounted in parallel in the crushing portion of the casing having an input portion at the upper portion, a crushing portion at the middle portion, and a discharge portion at the lower portion, and a plurality of rotating shafts are mounted on each rotating shaft. In a garbage crusher in which a cutting blade is mounted and a motor is connected to each of the rotating shafts, when the two rotating shafts rotate inward when viewed from a plane, the cutting device mounted on the rotating shafts. The garbage is crushed between the blades, and when the two rotating shafts rotate outward when viewed from a plane, the garbage is crushed between the cutting blade mounted on the rotating shaft and the casing.

[0010] In such a garbage crusher, two rotating shafts are mounted at variable intervals, and a plurality of cutting blades are mounted at variable intervals between the two rotating shafts. Further, when the two rotating shafts are independently connected to the inverter-controlled motor, a plurality of cutting blades mounted on one rotating shaft and another one of the other rotating shafts may be used according to various garbage. The spacing between the plurality of cutting blades mounted on the rotating shaft, the spacing between the plurality of cutting blades mounted on each rotating shaft and the casing at the same time, the spacing between the plurality of cutting blades mounted on each rotating shaft, and the mounting on each rotating shaft The rotation speed of the plurality of cutting blades can be adjusted as appropriate. In addition, when a plurality of cutting blades are detachably mounted for every two rotating shafts, if some of the cutting blades are damaged for some reason, only the cutting blades can be replaced.

According to the garbage crusher according to the present invention, garbage is crushed while being mainly cut between a plurality of rotating cutting blades and / or between the cutting blade and the casing.
The crushed garbage does not become liquid or semi-liquid, but becomes suitable for natural purification by mixing it with the bacterial cell composition and stacking it.

[0012]

FIG. 1 is a front view schematically showing a garbage crusher according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged plan view showing the garbage crusher of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a garbage of FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged side view showing a cutting blade in the garbage crusher of FIG. 1. The illustrated garbage crusher according to the present invention comprises a casing 1, rotating shafts 2, 3, cutting blades 4,
5 and motors 6 and 7. The casing 1 and the motors 6 and 7 are supported by the machine frame 8 and the casing 1
A container 9 for receiving crushed garbage is disposed below the container.

The casing 1 has a hopper 11 at its upper part as a garbage charging part, a garbage crushing part 12 at an intermediate part thereof, and a chute 13 at its lower part for discharging crushed garbage. ing. Two rotating shafts 2 and 3 which will be described in detail later are mounted on the crushing unit 12, and a plurality of cutting blades 4 and 5 are mounted on the rotating shafts 2 and 3.
The illustrated garbage crusher according to the present invention crushes garbage thrown into the hopper 11 while mainly cutting the garbage in the crushing unit,
The crushed garbage is dropped by its own weight into the container 9 via the chute 13.

Two rotating shafts 2 and 3 are mounted in the crushing portion 12 of the casing 1 in parallel in the horizontal direction. The side surfaces 14, 15 forming the crushing portion 12 of the casing 1 are removable, and the side surfaces 14, 15 have substantially elliptical holes 21, 22, 31, 32 long in the left-right direction in FIG.
(However, the holes 22 and 32 are not shown, the same applies hereinafter). These holes 21, 21 are provided on both sides 14, 15.
Covers 23, 24, 33, 34 that cover the components 2, 31, 32 are in sliding contact with each other, the rotating shaft 2 passes through the holes 21, 22 and is supported by the covers 23, 24, and the rotating shaft 3 has the holes 31. ,
32, and is supported by covers 33, 34.

On the covers 23, 24, 33, 34, arms 25 to 28, 35 to 38 (however, arms 28, 3
A ring portion (not shown) is integrally formed at the distal ends of the arms 25 to 28 and 35 to 38. On both side surfaces 14 and 15 forming the crushing portion 12, cylindrical guide members 81 to 88 are provided at positions sandwiching the covers 23, 24, 33 and 34 from above and below (however, the guide members 84 and 88 are not shown, the same applies hereinafter). Are projected in parallel with both side surfaces 14 and 15, and guide members 81 to
The ring portions of the arms 25 to 28 and 35 to 38 pass through 88. Screw grooves (not shown) are formed on the peripheral surfaces of the guide members 81 to 88, and the arm 25 is formed in these screw grooves.
A pair of ring pieces 91 to 98 (however, the ring pieces 94 and 98 are not shown, the same applies hereinafter) sandwiching the ring portions of to 28 and 35 to 38 from both sides are screwed.

When the ring portions of the arms 25 to 28 and 35 to 38 are tightened by a pair of ring pieces 91 to 98, the arm 2
5 to 28, 35 to 38, and thus the covers 23, 24, 33, 34 are positioned and the cover 2
The rotating shafts 2, 3 bearing on 3, 24, 33, 34 are positioned. In FIG. 3, the rotating shaft 2 is positioned to the right of the holes 21 and 22, and the rotating shaft 3 is
32, the distance between the rotating shaft 2 and the rotating shaft 3 is widened. However, the rotating shaft 2 is within the range of the holes 21 and 22, and the rotating shaft 3 is
Can be appropriately positioned within the range, so that the distance between the two rotating shafts 2 and 3 is variable.

The rotating shafts 2 and 3 are coupling members 61 and 7
1 are connected to the drive shafts of the motors 6 and 7.
The motors 6 and 7 are controlled by an inverter, so that the rotating shafts 2 and 3 have variable rotation speeds. Although not shown, the rotating shafts 2 and 3 can be normally rotated or reversed through a well-known clutch mechanism or gear train.

The rotating shafts 2 and 3 are formed in the shape of a prism at an intermediate portion, and are formed in a cylindrical shape at both ends. A plurality of cutting blades 4 and 5 and a spacer 4
1, 51 are alternately mounted, and thread grooves (not shown) are formed at both end portions.
2, 43, 52 and 53 are screwed. The cutting blade 4 includes a ring-shaped portion 45 having a hole 44 formed in a peripheral surface corresponding to an outer peripheral surface of an intermediate portion of the rotating shaft 2, and a blade portion 46 projecting in a cross shape from the ring-shaped portion 45. The same applies to the cutting blade 5 whose description is omitted.

In FIG. 2, a plurality of cutting blades 4 and spacers 41 are alternately passed through an intermediate portion of the rotating shaft 2, and ring-shaped pieces 42 and 43 are screwed at both ends. When the ring-shaped pieces 42 and 43 are tightened in this state, the rotating shaft 2
Are fixed to the plurality of cutting blades 4 and the spacer 41. The cutting edge 4 and the spacer 41 form one side 1 forming the crushing portion 12.
4 can be replaced by removing the spacer 41, and the spacing between the plurality of cutting blades 4 can be changed by replacing the spacer 41. Although not shown, the ring-shaped pieces 42,
43 without using the plurality of spacers 41
The plurality of cutting blades 4 and the spacers 41 can be fixed to the rotating shaft 2 by, for example, bolting one by one, and the ring-shaped portion 45 of the cutting blade 4 has a ring-like shape in the direction of the rotating shaft 2. It is also possible to provide a convex portion and use this instead of the spacer 41. Although the description is omitted, the same applies to the relationship between the rotating shaft 3, the plurality of cutting blades 5, the spacer 51, and the ring-shaped pieces 52, 53.

In the illustrated garbage crusher according to the present invention,
The distal ends of the plurality of cutting blades 4 mounted on the rotating shaft 2 and the distal ends of the plurality of cutting blades 5 mounted on the rotating shaft 3 are alternately overlapped when viewed from the axial direction. , 3 rotate inwardly, so that the plurality of cutting edges 4, 5 also rotate inwardly. In this case, the garbage thrown into the hopper 11 is crushed while being mainly cut between the plurality of cutting blades 4 and the cutting blades 5 that rotate inward.

[0021]

As is clear from the above, according to the present invention described above, a mixture of the obtained crushed material and the bacterial cell composition is piled up to crush food garbage so as to be suitable for natural purification. There is an effect that can be.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view schematically showing a garbage crusher according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged plan view showing the garbage crusher of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged side view showing the garbage crusher of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged side view showing a cutting blade in the garbage crusher of FIG. 1;

[Explanation of symbols]

1. Casing, 2, 3, rotating shaft, 4, 5, cutting blade, 6, 7, motor, 8, machine frame, 9, container,
11. Hopper, 12 Crushing section, 13 Chute,
21, 31, 44, holes, 23, 24, 33, 34 ...
Cover, 25-27, 35-37 ··· arm, 41,5
1. Spacers, 42, 43, 52, 53, 91 to 9
3, 95 to 97: ring piece, 45: ring-shaped part, 4
6. Blade part, 61, 71 Coupling member, 81-
83, 85-87 ··· Guide members

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A casing having a garbage input section, a crushed section for input garbage, and a discharge section for crushed garbage,
At least two rotary shafts mounted on the crushing unit, a plurality of cutting blades mounted on each of the rotary shafts, and driving means for the rotary shafts, and a garbage thrown into the casing from the input unit is provided. A garbage crusher configured to crush between cutting blades and / or between a cutting blade and a casing in a crushing section. 2. The garbage crusher according to claim 1, wherein each of the rotating shafts is mounted in the crushing section in parallel in a horizontal direction. 3. The garbage crusher according to claim 1, wherein each of the rotating shafts is mounted on the crushing unit such that the distance between the adjacent rotating shafts is variable. 4. The garbage crusher according to claim 1, wherein the rotating directions of the rotating shafts are opposite between adjacent rotating shafts. 5. The garbage crusher according to claim 1, wherein the number of rotation shafts is two. 6. The garbage crusher according to claim 1, wherein each of the rotating shafts has a reduction mechanism as a driving means or is connected to an inverter-controlled motor. 7. The garbage crusher according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of cutting blades are detachably mounted on each rotating shaft so that the distance between adjacent cutting blades is variable. 8. A tip of a plurality of cutting blades mounted on one rotating shaft and a tip of a plurality of cutting blades mounted on another rotating shaft adjacent thereto are viewed from the axial direction. The garbage crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the garbage crusher is arranged so as to alternately overlap with each other. 9. Each of the plurality of cutting blades has a ring-shaped portion having a hole formed in a peripheral surface corresponding to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft, and a blade portion radially projected from the ring-shaped portion. A garbage crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 8.