JP2005205254A - Fermentation/decomposition apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fermentation/decomposition apparatus the durability of whose agitation mechanism is improved to prolong its service life, the manufacturing cost of whose agitation mechanism is reduced by reducing a manufacturing man-hour and the quality of whose agitation mechanism is made uniform and high. <P>SOLUTION: This fermentation/decomposition apparatus is provided with an agitation mechanism 4 composed of: a shaft part 5 supported to be rotated freely in a treatment tank 2; a plurality of collars 6s..., 6m... each of which is fit to the outer periphery of the shaft part 5 and has predetermined length; a plurality of fins 7c, 7p..., 7q... each of which has an insertion hole 7h ... for inserting the shaft part 5 and is interposed between the adjacent ones of the collars 6s..., 6m... and; a follow-up means S for following up the fins 7c, 7p..., 7q to the rotation direction of the shaft part 5. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a fermentation decomposition treatment apparatus suitable for use in fermentation decomposition treatment of organic waste such as manure stored therein.

  Conventionally, as a fermentation decomposition treatment apparatus comprising a treatment tank for fermenting and decomposing organic waste such as manure contained therein and a stirring mechanism disposed inside the treatment tank and rotated by a rotation drive unit, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 5- An apparatus for fermenting and decomposing human waste is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-155497.

This fertilizer for fermenting and decomposing is provided with a fertilizer introduction port, a decomposition fertilizer outlet at a position appropriately separated from the manure introduction port, and a fermenter provided with an appropriate turning device inside, and an intake port connected to a blower. In addition to providing an exhaust port connected to the exhaust fan, a heater is provided at an appropriate place in the intake path leading to the intake port and at an appropriate place inside the fermenter, and the temperature of the urine in the fermenter is 50 [° C.] or in the vicinity thereof It is ON-OFF controlled so as to be at a temperature. By maintaining a good fermentation environment for microorganisms, particularly high-temperature fermenting bacteria, it is possible to set up decomposition by fermentation of manure in individual households. This enables efficient operation even with a small configuration.
JP-A-8-155497

  However, the above-described conventional fermentation decomposition treatment apparatus (manure fermentation decomposition apparatus) has the following problems.

  First, a screw-like member for stirring, a rotating shaft, and the like are arranged inside the fermenter, but the inside of the fermenter is in an environment containing ammonia, sodium, etc. The members and rotating shafts are made of stainless steel, which is less susceptible to rust and corrosion, and each member is assembled by welding. However, in reality, due to the severe usage environment, the screw-shaped member, the rotating shaft, and the like are corroded and damaged after 3 to 4 years of use. Note that the cause of this corrosion is considered to be a change in physical properties of the stainless steel due to high temperatures during welding, a combination of manganese contained in the stainless steel and chlorine contained in the urine, and the like.

  Secondly, since the screw-like member and the rotating shaft are assembled by joining such as welding, the agitating mechanism is not easily manufactured, resulting in an increase in manufacturing cost and an increase in manufacturing quality and a decrease in quality.

  The object of the present invention is to provide a fermentation decomposition treatment apparatus that solves the problems existing in the background art.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a treatment tank 2 for fermenting and decomposing organic waste to be accommodated, and a stirring mechanism 4 disposed inside the treatment tank 2 and rotated by a rotation drive unit 3. When the fermentation decomposition treatment apparatus 1, 1 s including the shaft portion 5 is configured to be pivotally supported with respect to the treatment tank 2, a plurality of lengths formed on the outer periphery of the shaft portion 5 are formed to a predetermined length. A plurality of fins 7c, 7p, 7q, which have collars 6s, 6m, and insertion holes 7h, through which the shaft portion 5 is inserted, and are sandwiched between the collars 6s, 6m, ... , 7q... Is provided with a stirring mechanism 4 having follow-up means S for following the rotation direction of the shaft portion 5.

  In this case, according to a preferred aspect of the invention, the stirring mechanism 4 is attached to the bearing portions 11s and 11t formed of a synthetic resin material attached to the treatment tank 2 and the shaft portion 5 and is rotatable by the bearing portions 11s and 11t. It can comprise and comprise the to-be-bearing parts 12s and 12t formed with the synthetic resin material supported by. Further, the follow-up means S can be realized by forming the cross-sectional shape of the shaft portion 5 and the shape of the insertion holes 7h. Further, the rotational drive unit 3 can be provided with a rotational output shaft 13 in which at least the cross-sectional shape of at least the tip side part 3 s substantially coincides with the cross-sectional shape of the shaft portion 5, i. On the other hand, the fermentation decomposition treatment apparatus 1, 1 s can constitute a part or all of the treatment tank 2 by a combination of wooden members W... And a heater configured in a sheet shape covering all or part of the surface of the treatment tank 2. A unit 15 can be provided.

  According to the fermentation decomposition processing apparatus 1 which concerns on this invention which has such a structure, there exist the following remarkable effects.

  (1) When the stirring mechanism 4 is configured, since no joining means such as welding is used, rust and corrosion hardly occur even in a severe environment in which manure and the like are fermented, and the durability of the stirring mechanism 4 is improved. Furthermore, the life can be extended.

  (2) Assembling of the stirring mechanism 4 is facilitated, the cost can be reduced due to the reduction in the number of manufacturing steps, and the manufacturing quality can be made uniform and the quality can be improved.

  (3) If the agitation mechanism 4 includes the bearing portions 11s and 11t formed of a synthetic resin material and the supported bearing portions 12s and 12t formed of a synthetic resin material according to a preferred embodiment, the shaft portion 5 is supported. Corrosion of the bearing mechanism is avoided, and the square shaft portion 5 can be easily supported, thereby contributing to cost reduction.

  (4) According to a preferred embodiment, if the rotational drive unit 3 is provided with a rotational output shaft 13 in which at least the cross-sectional shape of at least the tip side part 3 s substantially coincides with the cross-sectional shape of the shaft portion 5, i. Since it is possible to connect the part 5 and the rotary output shaft 13 only by inserting them into the collar 6s, there is no need for conventional machining of the groove part for the shaft part 5 and the rotary output shaft 13 and parts such as a key material inserted into the groove part. Thus, the assembly can be facilitated.

  (5) According to a preferred embodiment, if a part or all of the treatment tank 2 is constituted by a combination of wooden members W ..., a general effect using the wooden members W ..., that is, weight reduction and cost reduction. In addition, due to the high heat retention, it is possible to obtain an optimal fermentation decomposition treatment environment when used as a fermentation decomposition treatment apparatus, and to contribute to the extension of the life of the treatment tank 2 due to the inherent durability of wood.

  (6) If the heater unit 15 configured in a sheet shape covering all or part of the surface of the processing tank 2 is attached according to a preferred embodiment, the heater unit 15 can be easily mounted or replaced.

  Next, the best embodiment according to the present invention will be given and described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  First, the component (component) of the fermentation decomposition processing apparatus 1 which concerns on this embodiment is demonstrated with reference to FIGS.

  2 is a processing tank for fermenting and decomposing organic waste. In addition, the example fermentation decomposition processing apparatus 1 is a toilet installed in a mountain hut or the like. Therefore, the organic waste subjected to the fermentation decomposition treatment is mainly manure discharged from the human body. The treatment tank 2 is entirely constituted by a combination of wooden members W. In this case, the wooden member W is preferably a straw material. Conventionally, stainless steel is mainly used as a constituent material of the treatment tank 2, but it is heavy and has a high manufacturing cost, and also has a drawback of being inferior in heat retention, which is an important factor in fermentation decomposition treatment. However, by using the wooden member W ..., in addition to weight reduction and cost reduction, an optimum fermentation decomposition treatment environment with high heat retention can be obtained. In addition, it can contribute to the extension of the service life of the treatment tank 2 due to the inherent durability of the wood.

  The treatment tank 2 is disposed between the end plate portions 21s and 21t by being inserted into a pair of end plate portions 21s and 21t formed in a rectangular shape and groove portions formed on the opposing surfaces of the end plate portions 21s and 21t, and A body plate portion 22 having a U-shaped cross section having an opening at the upper end and an upper plate portion 23 that closes the opening at the upper end of the body plate portion 22 are provided. Accordingly, the bottom 22d of the body plate 22 has a semicircular cross-sectional shape. In this case, the body plate portion 22 is constituted by a combination of a plurality of strip plates 22x, and the sealing rods 24 shown in the partially extracted enlarged view of FIG. 2 are interposed between the strip plates 22x. Thus, sealing and positioning between the strip plates 22x are performed.

  The upper plate portion 23 includes a support plate portion 23s and a cover plate portion 25. Then, the toilet bowl U is installed on the upper surface of the support plate portion 23s, and the opening 23sh is provided in the support plate portion 23s below the installed toilet bowl U. In the toilet bowl U, Um is a toilet body, Us is a toilet seat, and Uc is a toilet lid. On the other hand, a connection member Pc is attached to an exhaust hole 23ph provided at another position of the support plate portion 23s, and an exhaust pipe P is connected to the connection member Pc. An exhaust fan 67 ( (See FIG. 7). Thereby, the exhaust from the processing tank 2 to the outside is performed. If necessary, part or all of the exhaust may be returned to the inside of the treatment tank 2. The cover plate part 25 is detachable from the body plate part 22, and 25 g denotes a handle attached to the upper surface of the cover plate part 25. By removing the cover plate part 25, the fermentation processing medium M such as sawdust can be accommodated in the processing tank 2, and compost generated in the processing tank 2 can be taken out.

  Reference numeral 15 denotes a heater unit configured in a sheet shape covering the surface of the body plate portion 22. As shown in FIG. 4, the heater unit 15 includes a stainless plate 31 formed into a single rectangular shape, a rubber sheet 32 attached to one surface of the stainless plate 31, and a heater wire laid on the surface of the rubber sheet 32. 33. The heater wire 33 can be fixed on the rubber sheet 32 by an adhesive sheet 34 made of an aluminum material. A temperature sensor 41 that detects the temperature of the heater unit 15 is fixed by an adhesive sheet 34 at an appropriate position. As shown in FIG. 2, the heater unit 15 has a wood screw with the heater wire 33 facing the inner peripheral surface of the body plate portion 22 so as to cover substantially the entire inner peripheral surface of the body plate portion 22. Fix with etc. Thereby, the heater unit 15 comprised separately can be attached with respect to the processing tank 2, and mounting | wearing and replacement | exchange of the heater unit 15 can be performed easily.

  On the other hand, 3 is a rotation drive unit attached to the outer surface of the end plate portion 21 s, 4 is an agitation mechanism disposed inside the processing tank 2, and this agitation mechanism 4 is rotated by the rotation drive unit 3. The rotational drive unit 3 uses a gear motor having a motor unit 51 and a reduction gear unit 52. The reduction gear unit 52 substantially matches the cross-sectional shape of at least the tip side part 3s with the cross-sectional shape of the shaft unit 5, that is, The rotary output shaft 13 is formed in a square shape (square cross section). As a result, the shaft portion 5 and the rotation output shaft 13 can be connected only by being inserted into the collar 6s. Therefore, the processing of the groove portion with respect to the shaft portion 5 and the rotation output shaft 13 as in the past, the key material inserted into the groove portion, This part becomes unnecessary, and the assembly can be facilitated.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, the stirring mechanism 4 includes a shaft portion 5 that is rotatably supported with respect to the processing tank 2, and eight pieces formed to a predetermined length that are attached to the outer periphery of the shaft portion 5. The collars 6s..., 6m... And the seven fins 7c, 7p..., 7q. , 7q... Follow-up means S that follows the rotation direction of the shaft portion 5. In this case, the shaft portion 5, the collars 6s,..., 6m, and the fins 7c, 7p,. The follow-up means S can be realized by forming the cross-sectional shape of the shaft portion 5 and the shape of the insertion holes 7h to be square (cross-sectional square). The collars 6s..., 6m... Have six relatively long collars 6m... That set intervals between the fins 7c, 7p... 7q. On the other hand, the fins 7c, 7p,..., 7q... Function as blades by forming insertion holes 7h. To have. In the present embodiment, three pairs of fins 7p,..., 7q,... Having a bilaterally symmetrical shape are used, and one fin 7c having a flat plate shape that is not bent or curved is used.

  Further, the agitation mechanism 4 includes a bearing portion 11s and 11t formed of a synthetic resin material attached to the processing tank 2, and a synthetic resin material attached to the shaft portion 5 and rotatably supported by the bearing portions 11s and 11t. The formed bearing parts 12s and 12t are provided. In this case, the bearing portions 11s and 11t are formed of a rectangular plate having a predetermined thickness and provided with a circular bearing hole, and the supported bearing portions 12s and 12t are formed of a circular plate having a predetermined thickness. In addition, a square (cross-sectional square) engagement hole into which the shaft portion 5 is inserted and engaged is provided. By using such a bearing mechanism, corrosion of the bearing mechanism that supports the shaft portion 5 can be avoided, and the rectangular shaft portion 5 can be easily supported, thereby contributing to cost reduction.

  The rotation drive unit 3 and the stirring mechanism 4 can be assembled to the treatment tank 2 as follows. First, the bearing portions 11s and 11t are fitted into the end plate portions 21s and 21t, respectively. In this case, a rectangular hole portion 27t is formed substantially at the center of the end plate portion 21t, the bearing portion 11t is fitted into the hole portion 27t, and the bearing portion 12t is loaded into the bearing hole of the bearing portion 11t. In the end plate portion 21s side, similarly, the bearing portion 11t can be fitted and the bearing portion 12t can be loaded. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, collars 6s... 6m... And fins 7c, 7p... 7q. , 7q... Are inserted into the insertion holes 7h. At this time, two short collars 6s are disposed at both ends, a fin 7c is disposed at the center, and three fins 7p, 7q are disposed on both sides of the fin 7c. Since the fins 7p,..., 7q,... Arranged on both sides of the fin 7c are bilaterally symmetric, the fermentation processing medium M and the organic waste do not shift to one side in the axial direction during stirring. Further, the fins 7c, 7p,..., 7q... Are alternately arranged so as to protrude in the opposite direction by 180 ° along the axial direction. As a result, as shown in FIG. 2, a spacious space is secured inside the processing tank 2, and compost generated inside the processing tank 2 can be easily scraped, and the fins 7 c and 7 p .., 7q... Can be contributed to reduction of power consumption and material cost during operation as compared with the case of arranging them in a cross shape.

  On the other hand, one end of the shaft portion 5 is inserted into the engagement hole of the bearing portion 12t, and the other end of the shaft portion 5 is the end of the collar 6s arranged at the end on the end plate portion 21s side as shown in FIG. Lead to an intermediate position inside. Therefore, the length of the shaft portion 5 is selected so as to satisfy such a condition, and the distance between the tips of the collars 6s and 6s located at both ends is substantially equal to the distance between the inner surfaces of the end plate portions 21t and 21s. Match. Further, the reduction gear portion 52 in the rotation driving portion 3 is attached to the outer surface of the end plate portion 21s by a bolt and nut or the like via a rubber material packing (sealing sheet) 53. At this time, the rotation output shaft 13 is brought to an intermediate position inside the collar 6s through the engagement hole of the bearing portion 12s. As a result, the rotation output shaft 13 and the shaft portion 5 are connected via the collar 6s as shown in FIG. Parts such as a key material to be inserted become unnecessary, and the assembly can be facilitated. Reference numeral 54 denotes a holding plate attached to the outer surface of the end plate portion 21t, and holds the bearing portion 11t, the bearing portion 12t, and the shaft portion 5.

  Thus, in the fermentation decomposition processing apparatus 1 which concerns on this embodiment, when comprising the stirring mechanism 4, since joining means, such as welding, are not used, even in the severe environment where manure etc. ferment, it is rust and corrosion. Is less likely to occur, and the durability of the stirring mechanism 4 can be improved and the life can be extended. Further, the assembling of the stirring mechanism 4 is facilitated, the cost can be reduced due to the reduction in the number of manufacturing steps, and the manufacturing quality can be made uniform and the quality can be improved.

  On the other hand, FIG. 7 shows a system diagram of the electric circuit system. 61 is a wind power generator. As described above, since the fermentation decomposition treatment apparatus 1 is used as a toilet installed in a mountain hut or the like, the power supply to the fermentation decomposition treatment apparatus 1 can use the wind power generator 61 that obtains high-quality power using natural power. . Reference numeral 62 denotes a battery for charging electric power obtained from the wind power generator 61. The motor unit 51 is connected to the battery 62 via the switch unit 63 and includes a timer unit 64 that controls the switch unit 63 and an operation button 65 that controls the timer unit 64. On the other hand, the heater wire 33 is connected to the battery 62 via the thermostat 66. Reference numeral 41 denotes a temperature sensor attached to the thermostat 66. The exhaust fan 67 is connected to the battery 62 via the switch unit 68. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 69 denotes a control box, which is provided with necessary electrical components such as the thermostat 66 and the operation buttons 65 described above. In FIG. 1, Hw represents a building wall, and Hf represents a building floor.

  Next, the usage method and operation | movement of the fermentation decomposition processing apparatus 1 which concern on this embodiment are demonstrated with reference to FIGS.

  First, sawdust containing woody carbon is stored in the treatment tank 2 as the fermentation treatment medium M. In this case, the fermentation treatment medium M can be accommodated in the processing tank 2 by removing the cover plate portion 25 and opening a part of the upper plate portion 23. At this time, it is desirable to add an appropriate amount of water containing good quality and a small amount of salt to sawdust. On the other hand, the switch 68 is turned on to operate the exhaust fan 67, and the control temperature Tc of the thermostat 66 is set to control the energization of the heater wire 33. The control temperature Tc of the thermostat 66 can be set to, for example, about 50 [° C.]. Accordingly, when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 41 is equal to or lower than the control temperature Tc, the thermostat 66 is turned on and the heater wire 33 is energized, whereby the processing tank 2 is heated and the control temperature Tc is set to the control temperature Tc. If it exceeds, the thermostat 66 is turned off and the energization of the heater wire 33 is released.

  And when using the toilet bowl U, since the manure is accommodated in the inside of the processing tank 2, the user should just press the operation button 65 after utilization. Thereby, the switch part 63 is turned ON and the motor part 51 operates. As a result, the shaft portion 5 of the stirring mechanism 4 and further the fins 7c, 7p,..., 7q... Rotate slowly, stirring of sawdust and manure is performed and supplying oxygen into the sawdust. . At this time, the shaft portion 5 rotates several times according to the operation time set by the timer portion 64 (usually around 2 minutes). When this operation time has elapsed, the switch portion 63 is turned off and the operation of the motor portion 51 is stopped. Note that it is desirable that the timer unit 64 periodically operates the motor unit 51 for a predetermined time regardless of whether or not the operation button 65 is pressed.

  On the other hand, since the internal temperature of the processing tank 2 is heated to about 50 [° C.] by the heater unit 15 and the fermentation conditions are in place, the fermentation decomposition treatment of the stored manure proceeds. With the progress of the fermentation decomposition treatment, the internal temperature of the treatment tank 2 rises to about 70 [° C.], and sawdust and manure are composted. In addition, the compost produced | generated inside the processing tank 2 can be taken out by removing the cover board part 25. FIG. At this time, the fins 7c, 7p,..., 7q... Are arranged so as to alternately protrude in the opposite direction by 180 ° along the axial direction of the shaft portion 5, so that the compost can be easily scraped.

  On the other hand, FIG. 8 shows a fermentation decomposition treatment apparatus 1s according to a modified embodiment of the present invention. This fermentation decomposition processing apparatus 1 s is configured such that the treatment tank 2 itself is configured as a toilet 71 with respect to the fermentation decomposition processing apparatus 1 described above, and the entire size is reduced and moved to an arbitrary place. Can be used as it is. Therefore, the basic configuration and function (operation) of the treatment tank 2, the rotation drive unit 3, the stirring mechanism 4, and the like are the same as those of the fermentation decomposition treatment apparatus 1 except that the size is reduced. In FIG. 8, 72 indicates a toilet lid, and 73 indicates a backrest. Moreover, you may provide the free caster convenient at the time of moving to the lower end of the toilet bowl 71 as needed. In addition, in FIG. 8, the same components as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals to clarify the configuration, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  Although the best embodiment has been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to such an embodiment, and departs from the gist of the present invention in the detailed configuration, shape, material, quantity, numerical value, and the like. It can be changed, added, or deleted as long as it is not.

  For example, although the toilet which processes manure was illustrated as the fermentation decomposition processing apparatus 1 and 1s, it can apply similarly to the garbage processing device etc. which process garbage. Moreover, although sawdust was illustrated as the fermentation processing medium M, you may utilize the other fermentation processing medium containing wooden carbon, such as canna waste. Furthermore, although the case where one toilet bowl U is installed in the support plate portion 23s is shown, a toilet bowl for urinals or a plurality of toilet bowls may be installed. On the other hand, in the detailed configuration of the stirring mechanism 4, the cross-sectional shape of the collars 6 s..., 6 m can select an arbitrary shape such as a round shape, and the shape and quantity of the fins 7 c, 7 p. . Moreover, although the processing tank 2 showed the case where the whole was comprised by the combination of wooden member W ..., you may combine a metal and a synthetic resin in part. Similarly, although the heater unit 15 that covers substantially the entire inner peripheral surface of the processing tank 2 has been illustrated, the case where the outer peripheral surface is covered or the case where a part thereof is covered is not excluded. Furthermore, since the heater unit 15 is curved in a U shape when mounted, the entire heater unit 15 may be configured in a container shape by adding a stainless steel plate that overlaps the end plate portions 21 s and 21 t to the curved heater unit 15. Thereby, watertightness can be improved.

Side sectional view of the fermentation decomposition treatment apparatus according to the best embodiment of the present invention, Front sectional view of the fermentation decomposition treatment apparatus, An exploded perspective view of the rotation drive unit and the stirring mechanism in the fermentation decomposition treatment apparatus, A partial cross-sectional side view of the rotation drive unit and the stirring mechanism, External perspective view of the treatment tank in the fermentation decomposition treatment apparatus, The block diagram of the heater unit in the same fermentation decomposition processing apparatus, System diagram of the electric circuit system in the fermentation decomposition treatment apparatus, A side view of a fermentation decomposition treatment apparatus according to a modified embodiment of the present invention,

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fermentation decomposition processing apparatus 1s Fermentation decomposition processing apparatus 2 Processing tank 3 Rotation drive part 3s Front end side part 4 Stirring mechanism 5 Shaft part 6s ... Color 6m ... Color 7h ... Insertion hole 7c Fin 7p ... Fin 7q ... Fin 11s Bearing part 11t Bearing part 12s Bearing part 12t Bearing part 13 Rotating output shaft 15 Heater unit S Tracking means W ... Wooden member

Claims (6)

  In a fermentation decomposition treatment apparatus comprising a treatment tank for fermenting and decomposing organic waste to be accommodated, and a stirring mechanism disposed inside the treatment tank and rotated by a rotation drive unit, the organic waste is rotated with respect to the treatment tank. A shaft portion that is movably supported, a plurality of collars formed to a predetermined length to be mounted on the outer periphery of the shaft portion, a plurality of insertion holes through which the shaft portion is inserted, and a plurality of portions that are sandwiched between the collars A fermentation decomposition treatment apparatus comprising: a stirring mechanism having fins and follow-up means for causing the fins to follow the rotation direction of the shaft portion.   The agitation mechanism includes a bearing portion formed of a synthetic resin material attached to the processing tank, and a bearing portion formed of a synthetic resin material attached to the shaft portion and rotatably supported by the bearing portion. The fermentation decomposition processing apparatus of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The fermentation follow-up apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the follow-up means forms the cross-sectional shape of the shaft portion and the shape of the insertion hole into a square shape.   The fermentation decomposition treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the rotation drive unit includes a rotation output shaft in which at least a part of the cross-sectional shape on the tip side is substantially matched with the cross-sectional shape of the shaft portion.   The fermentation decomposition treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a part or all of the treatment tank is constituted by a combination of wooden members.   The fermentation decomposition processing apparatus according to claim 1 or 5, further comprising a heater unit configured in a sheet shape covering all or part of the surface of the processing tank.

Images