JP2002119095A - Controller for controlling output of synchronous power generator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To increase amount of power generation while stability of rotation of an engine is kept within the low rotation range. SOLUTION: An engine rotation number discriminator 48 detects the number of rotations of a rotor. When the number of rotations of engine is in the lower rotation field, a driver 46 controls a rectifier 4 with the power feeding of the delayed angle to increase a field magnetic flux and also increase the amount of power generation. The driver 46 reads the amount of delayed angle stored in a delayed angle setting unit 49, in response to polarity change of the poles detected with a rotor angle sensor 29, and feeds the power in the delayed angle to a stator winding. An output voltage of the power generator is controlled to be converged to a value between a voltage control value VMax and VMin which are lower than a regulation voltage of the regulator.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an output control device for a synchronous generator, and more particularly to an output control device for a synchronous generator suitable for increasing the amount of power generation in a low rotation speed range.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A three-phase synchronous generator is used as a power generator for a vehicle, and the generated alternating current is rectified by a three-phase full-wave rectifier and used for charging a battery. JP-A-9-1919
In the three-phase synchronous generator disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 4 (1999) -1994, a leading current is supplied to a stator coil, and a field flux is increased by a magnetizing effect of an armature reaction caused by the leading current to output (generation voltage and power generation voltage). Output current).

[0003]

Generally, a generator is provided with a regulator for limiting the output voltage so that the generated power does not exceed a predetermined value, and the power generation is stopped by the function of the regulator. When the power generation stops, the load fluctuates in the engine, so that the engine rotation becomes unstable especially in a low rotation speed range. Also, if the generated power is excessive, in a low rotation range, an increase in friction due to this has a large effect on the engine rotation.

An object of the present invention is to provide an output control device of a synchronous generator capable of increasing the generated power without making the engine rotation unstable in a low rotation range.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a detecting means for detecting the number of revolutions of a rotor of a generator, and a method of controlling the generator by applying a retarded current to a stator winding. An energizing means for increasing the amount of power generation, and a regulator for limiting the output voltage of the generator to a predetermined regulated voltage, wherein the retarded energization is performed when the rotational speed of the rotor is in a predetermined low rotational speed range. The first characteristic is that the power supply is controlled so as to be performed at a certain time and to control the output voltage to a predetermined voltage control value lower than the regulation voltage.

[0006] According to the first feature, the power generation output is increased by conducting the retarded current to the stator winding. Then, since this retardation energization is performed so as to control the output voltage to a voltage control value set lower than the regulation voltage of the regulator, the power generation amount is stably increased without operating the regulator in a low rotation range. Can be achieved.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that in the retarding energization, the output voltage is controlled to the predetermined voltage control value by changing the energization duty while maintaining the energization delay amount at a predetermined value. There is a second feature.

Further, according to the present invention, the voltage control value has a predetermined width, and the energization duty is slightly reduced when the output voltage reaches the maximum value of the width, and the output voltage is reduced to the predetermined width. The third point is to increase slightly when the value falls below the minimum value.
The fourth characteristic lies in that the energization duty is determined according to the rotation speed of the generator.

According to the second to fourth features, since the timing of the retardation is fixed, the amount of power generation can be easily adjusted, and the accuracy of the adjustment can be increased.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a starter / generator according to an embodiment of the present invention. The starter / generator (hereinafter, referred to as “ACG”) 1 is mounted on, for example, a scooter-type motorcycle engine. ACG1 is a stator 50 on which a three-phase winding (stator coil) is wound.
And an outer rotor 60 coupled to the end of the crankshaft 201 of the engine and rotating on the outer periphery of the stator 50. The outer rotor 60 has a cup-shaped rotor case 63 connected to the crankshaft 201, and a magnet 62 housed on the inner peripheral surface of the rotor case 63. The magnet 62 is arranged on the rotor yoke along the circumferential direction.

The outer rotor 60 is mounted by fitting the inner periphery of the hub portion 60a to the tapered end of the crankshaft 201, and penetrates through the center of the hub portion 60a.
It is fixed with a bolt 253 inserted into one end screw.
The stator 50 disposed on the inner peripheral side of the outer rotor 60 is fixed to the crankcase 202 by bolts 279. A fan 280 fixed to the outer rotor 60 by bolts 246 is provided. A radiator 282 is provided adjacent to the fan 280, and the radiator 282 is covered by a fan cover 281.

A sensor case 28 is provided on the inner periphery of the stator 50.
A rotor angle sensor (magnetic pole sensor) 29 and a pulser sensor (ignition pulser) 30 are provided in the sensor case 28 at regular intervals along the outer periphery of the boss of the outer rotor 60. The rotor angle sensor 29 is ACG
This is for controlling the energization of one stator coil, and one is provided corresponding to each of the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase of ACG1. On the other hand, only one ignition pulser 30 is provided for controlling the ignition of the engine. Each of the rotor angle sensor 29 and the ignition pulser 30 can be constituted by a Hall IC or a magnetoresistive (MR) element.

The rotor angle sensor 29 and the ignition pulser 3
The lead wire of No. 0 is connected to the substrate 31, and a wire harness 32 is connected to the substrate 31. Outer rotor 60
A boss 60a is fitted with a magnet ring 33 magnetized in two stages so as to exert a magnetic action on each of the rotor angle sensor 29 and the ignition pulser 30.

In one magnetized band of the magnet ring 33 corresponding to the rotor angle sensor 29, N poles and S poles are alternately arranged at intervals of 30 ° in the circumferential direction corresponding to the magnetic poles of the stator 50. Is formed, and the other magnetized band of the magnet ring 33 corresponding to the ignition pulser 30 is provided with one in the circumferential direction.
Magnetized portions are formed at 15 ° to 40 ° in some places.

The ACG 1 having the above structure functions as a synchronous motor at the time of starting, is driven by a current supplied from a battery, rotates the crankshaft 201 to start the engine, and functions as a synchronous generator after the starting. The battery is charged with the generated current, and the current is supplied to each electrical component.

FIG. 3 is a main part electrical system diagram of a motorcycle having an ACG 1 output control device. In FIG.
The CU 3 includes a full-wave rectifier 4 for rectifying the three-phase alternating current generated in the ACG 1 and a regulator 5 for limiting the output of the full-wave rectifier 4 to a predetermined regulated voltage (regulator operating voltage: for example, 14.5 V). Is provided. Further, the ECU 3 includes a power generation control unit 6 that performs control to increase the amount of power generation when the engine speed is in a predetermined low rotation range (hereinafter, referred to as a “power generation control region”). The power generation control unit 6 is realized as a function of the CPU. The rotor angle sensor 29 and the ignition pulser 30 are also connected to the ECU 3, and the detection signals are input to the ECU 3.

An ignition coil 21 is connected to the ECU 3, and an ignition plug 22 is connected to a secondary side of the ignition coil 21. The ECU 3 is connected to a throttle sensor 23, a fuel sensor 24, a seat switch 25, an idle switch 26, and a coolant temperature sensor 27, and a detection signal is input to the ECU 3 from each unit.

Further, the ECU 3 includes a starter relay 3
4. Starter switch 35, stop switch 36,3
7, standby indicator 38, fuel indicator 39, speed sensor 40, motorcycle star 41,
And a headlight 42 are connected. Headlight 4
2 is provided with a dimmer switch 43.

The above components are supplied with current from the battery 2 via a main fuse 44 and a main switch 45. The battery 2 is directly connected to the ECU 3 by a starter relay 34, while the main switch 4
5 and not through the main fuse 44 but the ECU 3
Having a circuit connected to it.

The power generation control unit 6 has a function of controlling the amount of power generation (voltage) in addition to the function of normally controlling the power generation A according to the present invention.
It has a function of increasing the amount of electric power generated by retarding electricity from the battery 2 to the stator coils of each phase of the CG 1 (hereinafter referred to as “ACG electricity supply control”). Here, the retard angle energization means energizing the stator coil with a delay corresponding to a predetermined electrical angle from a detection signal at the time of a change in the magnetic pole of the magnetization zone 33 detected by the rotor angle sensor 29. . However, the output voltage (battery voltage) of the full-wave rectifier 4 is equal to or less than the regulation voltage in order to prevent the engine rotation from becoming unstable due to the sudden change in the engine load caused by the operation of the regulator 5 in the low rotation range. Is controlled so as to fall within the predetermined voltage range.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the engine speed and the generated current when ACG energization control is performed. In the figure, the engine speed is 1000 rpm to 3500 rpm.
Is set as the power generation control region. In such a low rotation speed region, the generated current (ACG output) of the ACG 1 by the conventional control method is extremely small. Therefore, in the power generation control region, the generated current is increased by ACG energization control. The increment is indicated by a dotted line as “when the retard is energized”. By controlling the amount of power generation to correspond to the normal load current,
Even in the low rotation region, a power generation amount corresponding to the current consumption can be secured.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a change in battery voltage in the retarded power generation region. In the figure, the control voltage maximum value V set to be equal to or lower than the regulated voltage (14.5 V)
The battery voltage Vb is controlled within the ACG control voltage range defined by Max and the control voltage minimum value VMin. Specifically, the amount of retardation of the current supply to the stator coil is set to a fixed value (for example, an electrical angle of 60 °), and the current supply duty of the full-wave rectifier 4 is increased or decreased to control the battery voltage Vb within the ACG control voltage range. That is, when the battery voltage Vb is equal to the control voltage maximum value V
When it reaches Max, the energization duty is reduced by a predetermined minute value (for example, 1%), and when the battery voltage Vb falls to the control voltage minimum value VMin, the energization duty is increased by the minute value.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the main functions of the ACG power supply control device. In the figure, the full-wave rectifier 4 is A
FETs (generally, solid-state switching elements) 4a, 4 connected to stator coils 1U, 1V, 1W of CG1
b, 4c, 4d, 4e, and 4f. When the engine is started, the FETs 4a to 4f are switched by the driver 46, the ACG 1 is driven as a synchronous motor, and the crankshaft 201 is rotated. Conversely, since the outer rotor is driven by the engine and functions as a synchronous generator, the generated AC is rectified by the FETs 4a to 4f and supplied to the battery 2 and the electric load 47. Further, according to the present invention, even during power generation by driving the engine, especially when the engine is running at a low speed, the FETs 4a to 4f are controlled by the driver 46 so as to carry out the retarded energization to the stator coil to increase the power generation amount. The retardation energization control will be described later with reference to FIG.

The engine speed discriminating section 48 detects the engine speed based on, for example, a detection signal of the ignition pulser 30 and a frequency signal of the generated voltage, and if the detected engine speed is in a predetermined power generation control area. A retard command is supplied to the driver 46. In response to the retard command, the driver 46 reads a preset energization delay amount from the retard amount setting section 49 and performs the retard energization. The energization duty is read from the duty setting unit 51 and supplied to the driver 46. The driver 46 detects a magnetic pole detection signal from the rotor angle sensor 29, that is, a signal that is turned on every time the sensor 29 detects a magnetization band of the magnet ring 33 formed corresponding to the magnetic pole of the outer rotor 60. Then, from the rising of the signal, the amount of delay of the energization is retarded by F
It outputs PWM control signals for the ETs 4a to 4f.

The battery voltage determining unit 52 determines the battery voltage Vb as the control voltage maximum value V that defines the voltage control range.
Max and the control voltage minimum value VMin are compared, and based on the comparison result, the energization duty set in the duty setting unit 51 is increased or decreased so that the battery voltage Vb falls within the control range.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the processing of the output control device. In FIG. 5, in step S1, it is determined whether or not the engine speed is in the power generation control region. The power generation control area is, for example, 1 as described above.
It is set to 000 rpm or more and 3500 rpm or less. If the engine speed is in the power generation control region, the process proceeds to step S2, and a flag FACG indicating that the engine speed is in the power generation control region is set (=
1) It is determined whether or not. If the flag FACG has not been set, the routine proceeds to step S3, where the flag FACG is set (set to "1"). If the flag FACG is set, the process proceeds to step S4, and the energization retard amount acgagl is set to the predetermined value AC.
Set GAGL. The scheduled value ACGAGL can be appropriately set in advance, but in the present embodiment, for example, the electrical angle is 60 °. In the following step S5, the energization duty
Set the initial value ACDUTY to acduty. The initial value ACDUTY
Can be appropriately set in advance, but in the present embodiment, it is, for example, 40%. When steps S3 to S5 are completed, the process proceeds to step S7. If step S2 is positive, steps S3 to S5 are skipped and step S
Go to 7. If the engine speed is not in the power generation control region, the flag FACG is reset (= 0) in step S6, and then the process proceeds to step S7.

In step S7, it is determined whether or not the flag FACG is set. If the flag FACG has been set (= 1), it is determined in step S8 whether or not the battery voltage Vb is equal to or higher than the control voltage maximum value VMax. The control voltage maximum value VMax is a value lower than the regulation voltage,
For example, it is set to 13.5 volts. Battery voltage Vb
Is smaller than the control voltage maximum value VMax, step S
Proceeding to 9, it is determined whether or not the battery voltage Vb is equal to or lower than the control voltage minimum value VMin. The control voltage minimum value VMin is set to, for example, 13.0 volts. If the battery voltage Vb is not equal to or smaller than the control voltage minimum value VMin in step S9, it is determined that the battery voltage Vb is within the ACG energizing voltage range set to a value lower than the regulated voltage of the regulator, and the process proceeds to step S10. ACG energization control is performed according to the retard amount acgagl and the energization duty acduty.

If it is determined in step S8 that the battery voltage Vb is equal to or higher than the control voltage maximum value VMax, the process proceeds to step S11, in which the energization duty acduty is reduced to a small value DDUTY.
Reduce. The minute value DDUTY is, for example, 1%. In step S9, the battery voltage Vb is set to the control voltage minimum value VMin.
If it is determined that it is below, the process proceeds to step S12, and the energization duty acduty is increased by the minute value DDUTY. After the processes in steps S11 and S12, the process proceeds to step S10. The minute value DDUTY when increasing and decreasing the energization duty acduty does not necessarily have to be the same, and the control voltage maximum value VMax or the control voltage minimum value VMin
The minute value DDUTY may be changed in proportion to the difference between the current value and the current value.

On the other hand, if the flag FACG has not been set (= 0) in step S7, the flow is not in the power generation control region, and the flow advances to step S13 to stop the ACG energization control.

FIG. 7 shows the current (phase current) flowing through each phase of the stator coil and the rotor angle sensor 29 during the ACG energization control.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing timings with respect to the output of FIG. As shown in the figure, the retarding energization control is not performed. In a normal case, the current is supplied to each of the U, V, and W phases of the stator coil in response to a change in the sign (NS) of the detection output of the rotor angle sensor 29. Is supplied. On the other hand, when the retardation energization control is performed, the U, V, and V of the stator coil are delayed by a predetermined delay amount d (= 60 °) from the change of the sign (NS) of the detection output of the rotor angle sensor 29. Current is supplied to each phase of W. In FIG. 7, the energization angle T due to duty chopping is 180 °, but it can be determined within 180 ° by the energization duty supplied from the duty setting unit 51 to the driver 46.

FIG. 8 is a table of the energization duty in which the engine speed, that is, the generator speed is set as a parameter. The engine speed is detected, and the energization duty according to the engine speed is determined with reference to FIG.

In the above-described embodiment, the outer rotor / inner rotor system has permanent magnets arranged as field magnetic flux generating magnet means on the outer rotor. However, the present invention can be similarly applied to a generator in which an inner rotor is provided with magnet means for generating field magnetic flux, and a generator in which an electromagnet is used as the magnet means for generating field magnetic flux. Further, the energization delay amount acgagl is not set to a fixed value, but is proportional,
Differential, integral and a combination of these controls can be performed.

[0033]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the first to fourth aspects of the present invention, it is possible to stably increase the power generation amount without operating a normal voltage regulator in a low rotation speed range. it can. Therefore, when the rotor is applied to an on-vehicle generator driven by an engine, it is possible to minimize fluctuations in engine load during idling operation and the like, to minimize fluctuations in engine rotation, and to stabilize idling operation. . According to the second to fourth aspects of the present invention, since the timing of the retardation is fixed to a preset value, the power generation amount can be easily adjusted with a simple configuration, and the accuracy of the adjustment can be increased. .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating main functions of an output control device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a starter / generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a main part electrical system diagram of a motorcycle having the output control device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a relationship between an engine speed and a generated current during ACG energization control.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a change in battery voltage in a retarded power generation region.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a process of the output control device.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing timings of a phase current of a stator coil and an output of a rotor angle sensor during ACG energization control.

FIG. 8 is a table of an energization duty using an engine speed as a parameter.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: starter / generator, 2: battery, 3: EC
U, 4: full-wave rectifier, 5: regulator, 29: rotor angle sensor, 30: ignition pulser, 46: driver, 48: engine speed discriminator, 49: retard amount setting unit, 50: stator, 51: duty Setting part,
60: outer rotor, 62: magnet, 201:
Crankshaft

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F-term (reference) FB05 GB05 HA02 HA11 HA27 JA02

Claims (4)

[Claims] A rotor having a field magnetic flux generating magnet means,
And an output control device for a synchronous generator having a stator on which a stator winding for generating a power generation output is wound, wherein a detecting means for detecting a rotation speed of the rotor; Power supply means for increasing the amount of power generated by the generator, and a regulator for limiting the output voltage of the generator to a predetermined regulated voltage. An output control device for a synchronous generator, which is performed when the rotational speed is in a low rotational speed range, and is energized so as to control the output voltage to a predetermined voltage control value lower than the regulated voltage. . 2. In the retard energization, the output voltage is controlled to the predetermined voltage control value by changing the energization duty while maintaining the energization delay amount at a predetermined value. Item 3. An output control device for a synchronous generator according to Item 1. 3. The voltage control value has a predetermined width, and the energization duty is slightly reduced when the output voltage reaches a maximum value of the width, and the output voltage is reduced to a minimum value of the width. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the value is slightly increased when the value falls.
An output control device for a synchronous generator as described in the above. 4. The output control device for a synchronous generator according to claim 2, wherein the energization duty is determined in accordance with a rotation speed of the generator.