WO2016157381A1

WO2016157381A1 - Starting power generation device and starting power generation method

Info

Publication number: WO2016157381A1
Application number: PCT/JP2015/059987
Authority: WO
Inventors: 達也新井
Original assignee: 新電元工業株式会社
Priority date: 2015-03-30
Filing date: 2015-03-30
Publication date: 2016-10-06

Abstract

A starting power generation device comprising: a starter generator and a power conversion unit. The starter generator comprises: an armature section having a winding section comprising a multi-phase coil; and a field section comprising a permanent magnet. The power conversion unit: comprises a plurality of sets comprising a high-side switch unit and a low-side switch unit that are connected in series to each other; connects the multi-phase coil to the connection point between the high-side switch units and the low-side switch units; and converts power both ways between DC and AC. The power conversion unit comprises a first switch element and a second switch element that have the high-side switch units or the low-side switch units connected in series thereto.

Description

STARTING POWER GENERATION DEVICE AND STARTING POWER GENERATION METHOD

The present invention relates to a starter generator power generation method.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a vehicle, particularly a small two-wheeled vehicle, an ACG (alternating current generator) starter motor (starting generator) that functions as a starter motor when the engine starts and also functions as a generator after the engine starts (for example, Patent Document 1). Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3).

This ACG starter motor includes a permanent magnet that forms a field and is designed so that the winding specifications of the armature satisfy the torque characteristics required when starting the engine (Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2). ). In such a configuration, if the ACG starter motor is used as a generator as it is, the amount of power generation exceeds the amount of power required for the electrical load, and surplus power is generated. Further, in such an ACG starter motor, a method is used in which the generated power is suppressed by short-circuit control of the semiconductor elements constituting the rectifier circuit. In this system, the current that flows back through the ACG starter motor flows through the armature winding of the ACG starter motor and the power device element that drives the ACG starter motor. As well as worsening engine friction. For this reason, in the configurations described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, a plurality of armature windings of the ACG starter motor are provided in parallel to be used as an ACG starter motor and as a generator. Control to switch the armature winding is performed.

JP 2003-83209 A Japanese Patent No. 4851844 Japanese Patent No. 4329527

However, the configurations described in Patent Document 1 to Patent Document 3 have the following problems. First, in the configuration described in Patent Document 1, the armature winding is formed by four windings connected in parallel, but one of the three phases is commonly connected in all windings. Yes. That is, the winding used as the ACG starter motor and the winding used as the generator are connected to a common node and are not completely separated. The winding is selected by a relay. For this reason, the use of the relays frequently turned on and off, such as idle stop control, has a problem of reducing contact life. Further, in the configuration in which one phase of each winding is connected in common, the following points become problems when the relay is replaced with a MOSFET (metal oxide field effect transistor). In other words, the relay can cut off the current in both directions by turning off the contact, but even if the MOSFET is turned off, the current flows through the parasitic diode between the drain and source, so that the current can only be cut in one direction. Can not. For this reason, when a MOSFET is used instead of a relay to separate the windings, the windings used as the ACG starter motor are not separated and the generated power is supplied from the windings of the ACG starter motor. The problem is that the power is excessively supplied and the power loss increases.

In the configuration described in Patent Document 2, the neutral point is controlled and can be used only when the armature winding is a star connection, and when the armature winding is a delta connection. There is a problem that it cannot be dealt with. If a combination with a delta-connected armature winding having no neutral point is considered, the number of individual relays increases, resulting in problems of high cost and complicated wiring.

In the configuration described in Patent Document 3, the ACG starter motor is composed of two armature windings. When used as an ACG starter motor, only one armature winding is used and used as a generator. When used, two windings are used. In addition, unlike the configurations described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, in the configuration described in Patent Document 3, the field is configured using windings. In this configuration, a current is normally applied to the field winding using a brush. Compared with the case where the field is configured using a permanent magnet, the configuration described in Patent Document 3 is difficult to reduce the size of the device, and as shown in Patent Document 2, it can be directly attached to the crankshaft. There is a problem that it is not suitable.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a starting power generation device and a starting power generation method that can solve the above-described problems.

The present invention is a starter generator, a starter generator having an armature part having a winding part made of a multiphase coil and a field part made of a permanent magnet, and a high side switch connected in series with each other A power conversion unit that includes a plurality of sets of low-side switch units and low-side switch units, connects the multi-phase coil to a connection point between the high-side switch unit and the low-side switch unit, and converts power bidirectionally between direct current and alternating current The high-side switch unit or the low-side switch unit includes a first switch element and a second switch element connected in series.

In addition, the present invention is a starting power generation method, in which a starting generator including an armature portion having a winding portion made of a multiphase coil and a field portion made of a permanent magnet is connected to a high-speed power generator connected in series with each other. Power conversion that includes a plurality of sets of side switch units and low side switch units, connects the multiphase coil to the connection point between the high side switch unit and the low side switch unit, and converts power in both directions between DC and AC In the starting power generator comprising the first switch element and the second switch element in which the high-side switch part or the low-side switch part is connected in series, the first and second switch elements connected in series with each other A step of turning on the first switch element and turning off the second switch element when on / off control of the one switch element and the second switch element is performed; And wherein the Mukoto.

According to the present invention, it is possible to easily improve the control characteristics of the starter generator such as reduction of power loss.

It is the block diagram which showed the example of a structure of one Embodiment of this invention. It is the figure which showed typically the example of a structure of the starter generator 1 shown in FIG. FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram illustrating a power conversion unit 6 and a winding unit 11 illustrated in FIG. 1. FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram for explaining a high-side switch unit 601 shown in FIG. 3. It is the figure which showed an example of the electricity supply mode of the power converter part shown in FIG. It is the figure which showed an example of the electricity supply mode of the power converter part shown in FIG. FIG. 7 is a timing chart showing a change over time in the energization mode shown in FIG. 6. FIG. 4 is a timing diagram illustrating an example of operation waveforms in the circuit diagram illustrated in FIG. 3. FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram illustrating another configuration example of the power conversion unit 6 and the winding unit 11 illustrated in FIG. 1. FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram for explaining a low-side switch unit 604a shown in FIG. 9. It is the figure which showed an example of the electricity supply mode of the power converter 6a shown in FIG. FIG. 12 is a timing chart showing a change over time in the energization mode shown in FIG. 11. FIG. 10 is a timing diagram illustrating an example of operation waveforms in the circuit diagram illustrated in FIG. 9. It is a characteristic view for demonstrating the operation example of the starting electric power generation control system 100 shown in FIG. It is the figure which showed an example of the electricity supply mode of the power converter part shown in FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a starting power generation control system (starting power generation apparatus) 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. A starting power generation control system 100 shown in FIG. 1 includes a starting generator (ACG starter motor) 1, an engine 2, a crankshaft 3, a rotation angle sensor 4, an engine water temperature gauge 5, a power converter 6, A control unit 7, a starter switch 8, and a battery 9 are included.

The starter generator 1 is directly connected to the crankshaft 3 and rotates in synchronization with the rotation of the engine 2. The starter generator 1 operates as a starter motor or operates as an ACG under the control of the power conversion unit 6. The starter generator 1 includes a winding part 11 and a field part 15 shown in FIG. The winding portion 11 includes

coils

11u, 11v, and 11w that constitute a star-connected three-phase coil (multi-phase coil). The neutral point 11 n is a neutral point of star connection constituting the winding portion 11. The coils 11u to 11w are armature windings wound around an armature core (not shown). The winding portion 11 and an armature core (not shown) constitute an armature portion. In addition, the coil | winding part 11 may be comprised not only by star connection but by delta connection.

FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration example of the winding portion 11 and the field portion 15 of the starter generator 1 as viewed from the axial direction. However, in FIG. 2, only the coil 11u for one phase of the three phases is shown. In the configuration example shown in FIG. 2, the starter generator 1 is an outer rotor type brushless motor in which the field unit 15 includes a plurality of sets of N-pole permanent magnets 15 </ b> N and S-pole permanent magnets 15 </ b> S. The coil 11u is composed of three windings arranged at intervals of 120 degrees with respect to an armature core (not shown). One end of each of the three windings of the coil 11u is commonly connected to the neutral point 11n, and the other end is commonly connected to the terminal 11u2.

On the other hand, in FIG. 1, the engine 2 is a motor mounted on, for example, a small motorcycle. The crankshaft 3 is a component part of the engine 2 and is an axis that converts a reciprocating motion of a piston (not shown) included in the engine 2 into a rotational motion. The rotation angle sensor 4 is a sensor that detects the rotation angle (crank angle) of the crankshaft 3. The engine water temperature gauge 5 is a sensor that detects the temperature of the cooling water of the engine 2.

Next, a configuration example of the power conversion unit 6 will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, the power conversion unit 6 includes high-

side switch units

601, 602, and 603 and low-

side switch units

604, 605, and 606. The high side switch unit 601 and the low side switch unit 604 are connected in series with each other. The high side switch unit 602 and the low side switch unit 605 are connected in series with each other. And the high side switch part 603 and the low side switch part 606 are mutually connected in series.

Also, the end of the coil 11u of the winding part 11 is connected to an AC terminal 611 that is a connection point between the high-side switch part 601 and the low-side switch part 604. The end of the coil 11v of the winding part 11 is connected to an AC terminal 612 that is a connection point between the high-side switch part 602 and the low-side switch part 605. The end of the coil 11 w of the winding part 11 is connected to an AC terminal 613 that is a connection point between the high-side switch part 603 and the low-side switch part 606.

The high-side switch unit 601 includes n-channel MOSFETs (hereinafter referred to as MOSFETs) (Q1) (first switch element) and MOSFETs (Q7) (second switch element) connected in series. The high-side switch unit 602 includes a MOSFET (Q2) (first switch element) and a MOSFET (Q8) (second switch element) connected in series. The high-side switch section 603 includes a MOSFET (Q3) (first switch element) and a MOSFET (Q9) (second switch element) that are connected in series.

Also, the low side switch unit 604 is composed of a MOSFET (Q4). The low side switch unit 605 is composed of a MOSFET (Q5). And the low side switch part 606 is comprised from MOSFET (Q6).

The power conversion unit 6 includes a high-

side switch unit

601, 602, and 603 and a low-

side switch unit

604, 605, and 606 to form a three-phase bridge orthogonal conversion circuit. In the power conversion unit 6, the DC terminal 614 on the positive side (high side) of the DC input / output line is connected to the positive electrode of the battery 9, and the DC terminal 615 on the negative side (low side) is connected to the negative electrode of the battery 9. The power conversion unit 6 is connected to the battery 9 and is also connected to the winding unit 11 and performs bidirectional power conversion between AC and DC. The

AC terminals

611, 612, and 613 of the power conversion unit 6 are connected to the ends of the

coils

11u, 11v, and 11w of the winding unit 11, respectively.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 4, the MOSFET (Q1) and the MOSFET (Q7) that constitute the high-side switch unit 601 include the direction of the parasitic diode D1 of the MOSFET (Q1) and the parasitic diode D7 of the MOSFET (Q7). It is connected so that the direction is opposite. That is, the source S of the MOSFET (Q1) and the source S of the MOSFET (Q7) are connected, and the anode of the parasitic diode D1 and the anode of the MOSFET (Q7) are connected. Similarly, the MOSFET (Q2) and the MOSFET (Q8) constituting the high-side switch unit 602 are connected to each other's sources and connected to the anodes of parasitic diodes (not shown). Similarly, the MOSFET (Q3) and the MOSFET (Q9) constituting the high-side switch unit 603 are also connected to the sources of each other and to the anodes of parasitic diodes (not shown). In FIG. 4, symbol G represents a gate, and symbol D represents a drain.

As described above, by converting the direction of the parasitic diodes of the MOSFETs (Q1), (Q2) and (Q3) and the direction of the parasitic diodes of the MOSFETs (Q7), (Q8) and (Q9), power conversion is performed. Unit 6 operates as follows. That is, in a state where the MOSFETs (Q7), (Q8), and (Q9) are turned on, even if the MOSFETs (Q1) to (Q6) are turned off, the parasitics of the MOSFETs (Q1) to (Q6) are generated in the power generation operation. A current path from the winding portion 11 to the battery 9 is formed by a bridge rectifier circuit including a diode. On the other hand, when the MOSFETs (Q7), (Q8), and (Q9) are turned off, in the power generation operation, from the winding unit 11 via the bridge rectifier circuit that includes the parasitic diodes of the MOSFETs (Q1) to (Q6). The current path to the battery 9 is interrupted. Therefore, when the power generation amount of the starter generator 1 exceeds the electrical load, the MOSFET (Q7), (Q8), and (Q9) are turned off to cut off the output current of the starter generator 1, Charging can be prevented or the driving torque of the starter generator 1 can be reduced.

The above configuration can also be explained as follows. That is, the MOSFETs (Q7), (Q8), and (Q9) connect or separate the

coils

11u, 11v, and 11w of the winding portion 11 to the MOSFETs (Q1), (Q2), and (Q3), respectively. To do. In this case, the three MOSFETs (Q7), (Q8), and (Q9) are the MOSFETs (Q1), (Q2), and (Q3), and the

coils

11u, 11v, and 11w of the winding unit 11, respectively. It is inserted between the ends. The three MOSFETs (Q7), (Q8), and (Q9) are turned on by turning on the end portions of the

coils

11u, 11v, and 11w of the winding portion 11, and the MOSFETs (Q1), (Q2), and By connecting to (Q3) or turning off, the MOSFETs (Q1), (Q2), and (Q3) are separated.

The power conversion unit 6 includes a drive circuit (not shown) for on / off control of the MOSFETs (Q1) to (Q9). This drive circuit performs on / off control of the MOSFETs (Q1) to (Q9) in accordance with a predetermined energization mode instructed by the control unit 7. The power converter 6 includes a sensor for detecting the current flowing through each MOSFET. For example, when the MOSFETs (Q7) to (Q9) are switched from on to off, the current flowing through the MOSFET is zero (or almost zero). ) Can be done.

The control unit 7 shown in FIG. 1 is a device that performs ignition control and the like of the engine 2. In this case, the output signal of the rotation angle sensor 4, the output signal of the engine water temperature gauge 5, and the output signal of the starter switch 8 Enter. Further, the control unit 7 instructs a drive circuit (not shown) included in the power conversion unit 6 about the energization mode, that is, the operation state of the MOSFETs (Q1) to (Q9). For example, when the starter generator 1 is used as a starter motor that starts the engine, the control unit 7 turns on all of the MOSFETs (Q7), (Q8), and (Q9), while the starter generator 1 generates power. When used as a machine, the duty ratios of the MOSFETs (Q7), (Q8), and (Q9) are changed according to the DC output voltage of the power converter 6. In addition, when the starter / generator 1 is used as a starter motor that starts the engine, the control unit 7 turns on the MOSFETs (Q7), (Q8), and (Q9), while the starter / generator 1 generates power. When used as a machine, each of the MOSFETs (Q1) to (Q9) is on / off controlled based on the engine speed so as to perform either retarded angle power generation or conduction angle rectification. The retarded angle power generation and conduction angle rectification will be described later.

On the other hand, the starter switch 8 is a switch operated when the user starts the engine 2. The battery 9 is a secondary battery.

Next, with reference to FIG. 5 to FIG. 8, an operation example of the starter generator 1 and the power conversion unit 6 shown in FIG. 3 will be described. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the energization mode of the power conversion unit 6 shown in FIG. 3 when the starter generator 1 is used as a starter motor. Hereinafter, control when the starter generator 1 is used as a starter motor is referred to as motor control. Here, each energization mode shown in FIG. 5 is a case of 180 degree energization control. FIG. 5 shows combinations of ON (ON) or OFF (OFF) operations of the MOSFETs (Q1) to (Q9) in the power conversion unit 6.

In the case of motor control, the control unit 7 selects one of the energization modes M1 to M6 shown in FIG. 5 and instructs the power conversion unit 6 about the selected energization mode. That is, the control unit 7 repeatedly selects one of the energization modes M1 to M6 shown in FIG. 5 in accordance with the angle of the field unit 15 based on the output of the rotation angle sensor 4, and selects the selected energization mode each time. The power converter 6 is instructed. In this case, the MOSFETs (Q1) to (Q6) are controlled to be switched ON or OFF according to the combination of ON and OFF corresponding to the energization mode. Further, the MOSFETs (Q7) to (Q9) are all controlled to be ON.

Next, the energization mode of the power conversion unit 6 shown in FIG. 3 when the starter generator 1 is used as a generator will be described with reference to FIGS. Hereinafter, the control when the starter generator 1 is used as a generator is referred to as power generation control. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of an energization mode of the power conversion unit 6 illustrated in FIG. 3 in the case of power generation control. Here, the energization mode shown in FIG. 6 includes 12 stages of stage numbers S1 to S12. 6 corresponds to the control state of each MOSFET (Q1) to (Q9) in the power conversion unit 6 and the output state of each end of each

coil

11u, 11v and 11w of the winding unit 11. It is attached.

In the chart of FIG. 6, the output state of the winding part 11 indicates the terminal voltage at each end of each

coil

11 u, 11 v and 11 w, that is, the magnitude relationship between the terminal voltages of the

AC terminals

611, 612 and 613 and the polarity. Show. Here, the terminal voltages at the ends of the

coils

11u, 11v, and 11w are indicated by Uv, Vv, and Wv, respectively. The polarity is indicated by “+” for positive and “−” for negative. For example, the U-phase voltage relationship “Uv> Wv, Vv” of the stage S2 means that the terminal voltage of the coil 11u is larger than the terminal voltages of the

coils

11v and 11w.

Also, the control state indicates a combination of on (ON) or off (OFF) or duty control (DUTY) operations of the MOSFETs (Q1) to (Q9) in the power converter 6. ON or OFF means that the MOSFET is controlled to be turned on or off during the stage. DUTY means that, for example, in the four consecutive stages, control is performed such that the ratio of the time during which it is turned on (= duty ratio) becomes a value in the range from 0% to 100%. Here, 100% means that all four stages are on. Also, 0% means that all four stages are off.

In the duty control, for example, the MOSFET (Q1) in the MOSFET (Q1) (first switch element) and the MOSFET (Q7) (second switch element) constituting the high-side switch unit 601 that are connected in series with each other. Control is performed to turn on or off the MOSFET (Q7) in a state where is turned on.

In the present embodiment, the control unit 7 changes the duty ratio in the duty control of the MOSFETs (Q7) to (Q9) according to the DC output voltage of the power conversion unit 6. In this case, the control unit 7 changes the duty ratio according to the comparison result between the reference value corresponding to the charging voltage of the battery 9 and the DC output voltage of the power conversion unit 6 (voltage between the DC terminals 614 and 615). . The control unit 7 increases the duty ratio when the DC output voltage of the power conversion unit 6 is lower than the reference value, and decreases the duty ratio when the DC output voltage is higher than the reference value. At that time, for example, the control unit 7 adjusts the time continuity state of the duty ratio so that each phase of the three-phase alternating current is not biased, or adds hysteresis to the reference value so that the output voltage is not hunted. Can be set. Further, the comparison target with the reference value may be, for example, the terminal voltage of the battery 9 instead of the voltage between the

DC terminals

614 and 615.

In the case of power generation control, the control unit 7 selects one of the stage numbers S1 to S12 shown in FIG. 6 and instructs the power conversion unit 6 of the selected stage number. That is, the control unit 7 repeatedly selects any one of the stage numbers S1 to S12 shown in FIG. 6 according to the angle of the field unit 15 based on the output of the rotation angle sensor 4, and selects the selected stage number each time. The power converter 6 is instructed. In this case, the MOSFETs (Q1) to (Q6) are controlled by switching them on or off. Further, the MOSFETs (Q7) to (Q9) are controlled by being switched ON or OFF, or are duty controlled according to the DC output voltage of the power converter 6.

Next, with reference to FIG. 7, the time change of each stage S1-S12 in the energization mode shown in FIG. 6 will be described. FIG. 7 is a timing chart showing a time change of the energization mode shown in FIG. FIG. 7 shows the temporal change of the terminal voltages Uv, Vv and Wv at the respective ends of the

coils

11u, 11v and 11w and the control states of the MOSFETs (Q1) to (Q9). In the control states of the MOSFETs (Q1) to (Q9), ON or OFF control is indicated by a level change (H level or L level), and a duty control period is indicated by an arrow. For example, in stage S1, MOSFETs (Q1), (Q2), (Q4), (Q6) and (Q7) are OFF, MOSFETs (Q3), (Q5) and (Q8) are ON, and MOSFET (Q9) Is the duty control state.

Next, an example of operation waveforms in the circuit diagram shown in FIG. 3 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 8 shows the waveform of the next part when the rotation speed (rotational speed) of the starter generator 1 is increased from 0 with the duty ratio kept constant at about 70%. That is, FIG. 8 shows the DC output voltage Vout of the power converter 6, the drain currents of the MOSFETs (Q1) to (Q3), the gate voltages of the MOSFETs (Q1) to (Q9), and the terminal voltages Uv, Vv and Each waveform of Wv is shown. For example, a section T1 delimited by a broken line where the current of the MOSFET (Q1) first rises corresponds to the stages S2 to S5 in FIG.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the power conversion unit 6 includes a plurality of high-side switch units and low-side switch units (for example, the high-side switch unit 601 and the low-side switch unit 604) that are connected in series with each other. A multi-phase coil (for example, the coil 11u of the winding unit 11) is connected to a connection point (for example, an AC terminal 611) between the high-side switch unit and the low-side switch unit, and power is bidirectionally converted between DC and AC. Further, the high-side switch unit includes a MOSFET (for example, MOSFET (Q1); first switch element) and a MOSFET (MOSFET (Q7); second switch element) connected in series. According to this configuration, when the generated power becomes excessive, the winding portion 11 can be disconnected, so that no reflux current can be generated. Therefore, generation of power loss due to heat generation can be prevented. Therefore, it is possible to easily improve the control characteristics of the starter generator such as reduction of power loss.

In addition, according to the present embodiment, the direction of the parasitic diodes of the MOSFETs (Q1) to (Q3) and the direction of the parasitic diodes of the MOSFETs (Q7) to (Q9) are opposed to each other, thereby separating the winding part 11. And the switch element for connection can be comprised by MOSFET which has a parasitic diode.

As described above, in the present embodiment, in the case of power generation control, the power conversion unit 6 is controlled to be either retarded angle power generation or conduction angle rectification based on the engine speed, and the MOSFET (Q7), Each of (Q8) and (Q9) can be on / off controlled. Here, the retarded angle power generation is power generation control for turning on MOSFETs (Q1) to (Q6) constituting the power conversion unit 6 by an electrical angle of 180 degrees as shown in FIG. On the other hand, conduction angle rectification is also called conduction angle rectification, and as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the MOSFETs (Q1) to (Q6) constituting the power conversion unit 6 are turned on by 120 degrees in electrical angle. It is power generation control. At this time, the ON period for each phase corresponds to the period in which the voltage of each phase is the highest voltage. In retarded power generation, two of the three high-side MOSFETs (Q1) to (Q3) and one low-side or three low-side MOSFETs (Q4) to (Q4) to (Q3) to ( Two of Q6) and one of the high side connected to the low-side non-conduction phase are simultaneously turned on. On the other hand, in conduction angle rectification, a total of two MOSFETs, one of the three high-side MOSFETs (Q1) to (Q3) and one of the three low-side MOSFETs (Q4) to (Q6). Only turns on. Therefore, in the conduction angle rectification, the circuit of the circulating current is not formed. Therefore, when the amount of power generation becomes excessive, there is a possibility that an overvoltage is applied to the battery by a rectifier circuit composed of MOSFET parasitic diodes, but in this embodiment, MOSFETs (Q7) to (Q9) are cut off. Thus, the occurrence of overvoltage can be prevented. Further, the output of the starting generator 1 is controlled to an appropriate magnitude by duty-controlling the MOSFETs (Q7) to (Q9) according to the DC output voltage of the power conversion unit 6 (that is, the charging voltage of the battery 9). Can do.

In addition, when the output voltage of the power converter 6 does not exceed the voltage of the battery 9, the retarded angle power generation can increase the output of the starter generator 1 rather than the conduction angle rectification. Therefore, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 14, for example, when the engine 2 is at a low speed and the starter generator 1 has an insufficient power generation amount, retarded power generation is performed. Then, power generation control by the conduction angle rectification method is performed.

FIG. 14 is a characteristic diagram in which the horizontal axis represents the number of revolutions of the engine 2 and the vertical axis represents the electric load and the power generation amount of the starting generator 1. The power generation amount indicated by the chain line indicates the power generation amount when the duty control by the MOSFETs (Q7) to (Q9) is not performed, and the power generation amount indicated by the solid line is when the duty control by the MOSFETs (Q7) to (Q9) is performed. Indicates the amount of power generation. By performing the duty control according to the present embodiment, the amount of power generation can be controlled to an appropriate size corresponding to the electric load.

FIG. 15 shows an energization mode in power generation control by retarded angle power generation. FIG. 15 shows a combination of ON (ON) or OFF (OFF) operations of the MOSFETs (Q1) to (Q9) in the power converter 6.

Next, another configuration example of the power conversion unit 6 illustrated in FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 to 13. FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram illustrating another configuration example of the power conversion unit 6 illustrated in FIG. 1 as a power conversion unit 6a. In FIG. 9, the same reference numerals are used for the same components as those shown in FIG. In addition, the same code is used for the corresponding configuration except that the character “a” is added to the end of the code.

9 includes a high-

side switch unit

601a, 602a, and 603a and a low-

side switch unit

604a, 605a, and 606a. The high side switch unit 601a and the low side switch unit 604a are connected in series with each other. The high side switch unit 602a and the low side switch unit 605a are connected in series with each other. And the high side switch part 603a and the low side switch part 606a are mutually connected in series.

Further, the end of the coil 11u of the winding part 11 is connected to an AC terminal 611 which is a connection point between the high side switch part 601a and the low side switch part 604a. The end of the coil 11v of the winding part 11 is connected to an AC terminal 612 that is a connection point between the high-side switch part 602a and the low-side switch part 605a. And the edge part of the coil 11w of the coil | winding part 11 is connected to the alternating current terminal 613 which is a connection point of the high side switch part 603a and the low side switch part 606a.

Further, the high side switch unit 601a is configured by a MOSFET (Q1). The high side switch unit 602a is composed of a MOSFET (Q2). And the high side switch part 603a is comprised from MOSFET (Q3).

The low-side switch unit 604a includes a MOSFET (Q7) (second switch element) and a MOSFET (Q4) (first switch element) connected in series. The low-side switch unit 605a includes a MOSFET (Q8) (second switch element) and a MOSFET (Q5) (first switch element) connected in series. The low-side switch unit 606a includes a MOSFET (Q9) (second switch element) and a MOSFET (Q6) (first switch element) connected in series.

The basic configuration and operation of the power converter 6a are the same as those of the power converter 6 shown in FIG. That is, the power conversion unit 6a constitutes a three-phase bridge orthogonal transformation circuit by the high

side switch units

601a, 602a and 603a and the low

side switch units

604a, 605a and 606a. In the power converter 6 a, the DC terminal 614 on the positive side (high side) of the DC input / output line is connected to the positive electrode of the battery 9, and the DC terminal 615 on the negative side (low side) is connected to the negative electrode of the battery 9. The power conversion unit 6a is connected to the battery 9 and is also connected to the winding unit 11, and performs bidirectional power conversion between AC and DC. Further, the respective end portions of the

coils

11u, 11v, and 11w of the winding unit 11 are connected to the

AC terminals

611, 612, and 613 of the power conversion unit 6a.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 10, the MOSFET (Q4) and the MOSFET (Q7) constituting the low-side switch unit 604a include the direction of the parasitic diode D4 of the MOSFET (Q4) and the direction of the parasitic diode D7 of the MOSFET (Q7). Are connected to face each other. That is, the drain D of the MOSFET (Q1) and the drain D of the MOSFET (Q7) are connected, and the cathode of the parasitic diode D4 and the cathode of the MOSFET (Q7) are connected. Similarly, the MOSFET (Q5) and the MOSFET (Q8) constituting the low-side switch unit 605a have their drains connected to each other and the cathodes of parasitic diodes (not shown) connected to each other. Similarly, the MOSFET (Q6) and the MOSFET (Q9) constituting the low-side switch unit 606a are connected to each other's drain and to the cathode of a parasitic diode (not shown).

As described above, by converting the direction of the parasitic diodes of the MOSFETs (Q4), (Q5) and (Q6) and the direction of the parasitic diodes of the MOSFETs (Q7), (Q8) and (Q9), power conversion is performed. The unit 6a operates as follows. That is, in a state where the MOSFETs (Q7), (Q8), and (Q9) are turned on, even if the MOSFETs (Q1) to (Q6) are turned off, the parasitics of the MOSFETs (Q1) to (Q6) are generated in the power generation operation. A current path from the winding portion 11 to the battery 9 is formed by a bridge rectifier circuit including a diode. On the other hand, when the MOSFETs (Q7), (Q8), and (Q9) are turned off, in the power generation operation, from the winding unit 11 via the bridge rectifier circuit that includes the parasitic diodes of the MOSFETs (Q1) to (Q6). The current path to the battery 9 is interrupted. Therefore, when the power generation amount of the starter generator 1 exceeds the electrical load, the MOSFET (Q7), (Q8), and (Q9) are turned off to cut off the output current of the starter generator 1, Charging can be prevented or the driving torque of the starter generator 1 can be reduced.

coils

11u, 11v, and 11w of the winding portion 11 from the MOSFETs (Q4), (Q5), and (Q6), respectively. To do. In this case, the three MOSFETs (Q7), (Q8), and (Q9) are the MOSFETs (Q4), (Q5), and (Q6), and the

coils

11u, 11v, and 11w of the winding portion 11, and the MOSFETs (Q4), (Q5), and By connecting to (Q6) or turning off, the MOSFETs (Q4), (Q5), and (Q6) are separated.

The power conversion unit 6a includes a drive circuit (not shown) for on / off control of the MOSFETs (Q1) to (Q9). This drive circuit performs on / off control of the MOSFETs (Q1) to (Q9) in accordance with a predetermined energization mode instructed by the control unit 7. The power converter 6a includes a sensor for detecting the current flowing through each MOSFET. For example, when the MOSFETs (Q7) to (Q9) are switched from on to off, the current flowing through the MOSFET is zero (or almost zero). ) Can be done.

Next, with reference to FIG. 11 to FIG. 13, an operation example in the power generation control between the starter generator 1 and the power conversion unit 6a shown in FIG. 9 will be described. The energization mode in the motor control is the same as the operation of the power conversion unit 6 in FIG. 3 described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of an energization mode of the power conversion unit 6a illustrated in FIG. 9 in the case of power generation control. The chart of FIG. 11 is similar to that shown in FIG. 6, and the control states of the MOSFETs (Q1) to (Q9) in the power conversion unit 6a and the

coils

11u, 11v and 11w of the winding unit 11 are shown. The output state of the end portion is shown in association with each other. Here, the difference between the energization mode shown in FIG. 11 and the energization mode shown in FIG. 6 is the stage number for performing duty control (DUTY) with the MOSFETs (Q7) to (Q9). In the energization mode shown in FIG. 6, duty control for the phase is performed in accordance with a period in which the voltage of each phase is larger than the voltage of the other phase. On the other hand, in the energization mode shown in FIG. 11, duty control for the phase is performed in accordance with a period in which the voltage of each phase is smaller than the voltage of the other phase. For example, in the energization mode shown in FIG. 6, the MOSFET (Q7) is in duty control (DUTY) at stages S2 to S5 where “Uv> Vv, Wv”. On the other hand, in the energization mode shown in FIG. 11, the MOSFET (Q7) is in duty control (DUTY) at stages S8 to S11 where “Uv <Vv, Wv”.

In the present embodiment, the control unit 7 changes the duty ratio in the duty control of the MOSFETs (Q7) to (Q9) according to the DC output voltage of the power conversion unit 6a. In this case, the control unit 7 changes the duty ratio according to the comparison result between the reference value corresponding to the charging voltage of the battery 9 and the DC output voltage of the power conversion unit 6a (voltage between the DC terminals 614 and 615). . The control unit 7 increases the duty ratio when the DC output voltage of the power conversion unit 6a is lower than the reference value, and decreases the duty ratio when the DC output voltage is higher than the reference value. At that time, for example, the control unit 7 adjusts the time continuity state of the duty ratio so that each phase of the three-phase alternating current is not biased, or adds hysteresis to the reference value so that the output voltage is not hunted. Can be set. Further, the comparison target with the reference value may be, for example, the terminal voltage of the battery 9 instead of the voltage between the

DC terminals

614 and 615.

In the case of power generation control, the control unit 7 selects one of the stage numbers S1 to S12 shown in FIG. 11, and instructs the power conversion unit 6a of the selected stage number. That is, the control unit 7 repeatedly selects one of the stage numbers S1 to S12 shown in FIG. 11 according to the angle of the field unit 15 based on the output of the rotation angle sensor 4, and selects the selected stage number each time. The power conversion unit 6a is instructed. In this case, the MOSFETs (Q1) to (Q6) are controlled by switching them on or off. Further, the MOSFETs (Q7) to (Q9) are controlled by being switched ON or OFF, or are duty controlled according to the DC output voltage of the power converter 6a.

Next, with reference to FIG. 12, the time change of each stage S1 to S12 in the energization mode shown in FIG. 11 will be described. The timing chart shown in FIG. 12 is the same as the timing chart shown in FIG. 7 except that the timing (stage number) for performing duty control (DUTY) is different in the MOSFETs (Q7) to (Q9). is there. Other description is omitted.

Next, an example of operation waveforms in the circuit diagram shown in FIG. 9 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 13 shows the waveform of the next part when the rotational speed (rotational speed) of the starter generator 1 is increased from 0 with the duty ratio kept constant at about 70%. That is, FIG. 13 shows the DC output voltage Vout of the power converter 6a, the drain currents of the MOSFETs (Q1) to (Q3), the gate voltages of the MOSFETs (Q1) to (Q9), and the terminal voltages Uv, Vv and Each waveform of Wv is shown. The waveform shown in FIG. 13 is the same as the waveform shown in FIG. In FIG. 13, for example, a section T2 corresponds to the stages S8 to S11 in FIG.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the power conversion unit 6a includes a plurality of high-side switch units and low-side switch units (for example, the high-side switch unit 601a and the low-side switch unit 604a) connected in series with each other. A multi-phase coil (for example, the coil 11u of the winding unit 11) is connected to a connection point (for example, an AC terminal 611) between the high-side switch unit and the low-side switch unit, and power is bidirectionally converted between DC and AC. Further, the low-side switch unit includes a MOSFET (for example, MOSFET (Q4); first switch element) and a MOSFET (MOSFET (Q7); second switch element) connected in series. According to this configuration, when the generated power becomes excessive, the winding portion 11 can be disconnected, so that no reflux current can be generated. Therefore, generation of power loss due to heat generation can be prevented. Therefore, it is possible to easily improve the control characteristics of the starter generator such as reduction of power loss.

In addition, according to the present embodiment, by separating the direction of the parasitic diodes of the MOSFETs (Q4) to (Q6) and the direction of the parasitic diodes of the MOSFETs (Q7) to (Q9), the winding part 11 is separated. And the switch element for connection can be comprised by MOSFET which has a parasitic diode.

14 and 15, as described for the power conversion unit 6 shown in FIG. 3, the power conversion unit 6 a also performs retarded power generation or conduction based on the engine speed in the case of power generation control. The power conversion unit 6a can be controlled so as to be either angular rectification.

As described above, in the above-described embodiment, the starter generator 1 including the armature part in which the winding part 11 that is a three-phase coil (multi-phase coil) is disposed and the field part made of a permanent magnet. (ACG starter motor) and multiple sets of a high-side switch unit and a low-side switch unit connected in series with each other, a multiphase coil is connected to the connection point between the high-side switch unit and the low-side switch unit, and direct current and alternating current A

power conversion unit

6 or 6a that converts power bidirectionally between the first switch element and the second switch element in which the high-side switch unit or the low-side switch unit are connected in series. It is characterized by that. According to this configuration, it is possible to easily improve the control characteristics of the starter generator 1 (ACG starter motor) such as reduction of power loss.

Also, the heat generation of the armature winding and the power device can be reduced by reducing the circulating current.

It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above-described ones, and include designs and the like within a range not departing from the gist of the invention.

100 STARTING GENERATION CONTROL SYSTEM 1

STARTING GENERATOR

6, 6a POWER CONVERTER 7 CONTROL UNIT D7-D9 Parasitic diodes Q1-Q9 MOSFET
11

Winding part

11u, 11v, 11w Coil (winding)
15 Field part 601 to 603, 601a to 603a High side switch part 604 to 606, 604a to 606a Low

side switch part

611, 612, 612 AC terminal

Claims

A starting generator having an armature portion having a winding portion made of a multiphase coil and a field portion made of a permanent magnet;
A plurality of sets of a high-side switch unit and a low-side switch unit connected in series with each other, the multi-phase coil is connected to a connection point between the high-side switch unit and the low-side switch unit, and power is supplied between DC and AC. A power conversion unit for bidirectional conversion, the high-side switch unit or the low-side switch unit comprising a first switch element and a second switch element connected in series. Starting power generator.
Each of the first switch element and the second switch element is a MOSFET;
The starting power generator according to claim 1, wherein the direction of the parasitic diode of the MOSFET of the first switch element and the direction of the parasitic diode of the MOSFET of the second switch element are opposed to each other.
A control unit for controlling the power conversion unit is further provided;
When the starter generator is used as a starter motor that starts the engine, the control unit turns on all of the plurality of second switch elements, while when the starter generator is used as a generator, The starting power generator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a duty ratio of the plurality of second switch elements is changed in accordance with a DC output voltage of a power converter.
When the starter generator is used as a starter motor for starting the engine, the control unit turns on all of the plurality of second switch elements, whereas when the starter generator is used as a generator, the engine The starting power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the power conversion unit is controlled based on a rotational speed so as to be either retarded angle power generation or conduction angle rectification.
A starting generator having an armature portion having a winding portion made of a multiphase coil and a field portion made of a permanent magnet;
A plurality of sets of a high-side switch unit and a low-side switch unit connected in series with each other, the multi-phase coil is connected to a connection point between the high-side switch unit and the low-side switch unit, and power is supplied between DC and AC. In a starting power generation device comprising: a power conversion unit that converts bidirectionally, the high-side switch unit or the low-side switch unit comprising a first switch element and a second switch element connected in series,
A step of turning on the first switch element and turning off the second switch element when the on-off control of the first switch element and the second switch element connected in series with each other is performed. Starting power generation method.